A phase change heat spreader with power device

Abstract

The application relates to a phase-change radiator and power equipment, and relates to the technical field of heat dissipation. The phase-change radiator comprises a plurality of heat dissipation units, each of which comprises an evaporation cavity and a condensation cavity in communication with the evaporation cavity; the heat dissipation units are arranged in a stacking mode along a height direction, and the condensation cavity of a subsequent heat dissipation unit is at least partially arranged in a space between the evaporation cavity and the condensation cavity of a previous heat dissipation unit; wherein the evaporation cavity is filled with a working medium, and the condensation cavity is provided with a heat dissipation flat tube for phase-change heat exchange of the working medium. By arranging the heat dissipation units in a stacking mode along the height direction, the occupied space is reduced, and the space utilization is optimized. The condensation cavity is partially arranged in the space of the previous unit, so that the structure is more compact. The phase-change radiator quickly transfers heat and improves the heat dissipation efficiency through heat exchange between the evaporation cavity and the element, so that the equipment is prevented from overheating. Meanwhile, the design of the heat dissipation flat tube enhances the heat dissipation effect, and ensures long-term stable operation of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a phase change heat sink and power device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of high-power equipment such as energy storage systems and photovoltaic systems, the power density of core equipment such as energy storage converters and inverters is constantly increasing. This places higher demands on heat dissipation systems, especially when the power of the equipment exceeds 400kW, traditional heat dissipation methods are no longer sufficient. Against this backdrop, phase change thermosiphon radiator technology, as a novel heat dissipation solution, has attracted widespread attention due to its high heat dissipation efficiency and compact structure. The working principle of a phase change thermosiphon radiator is that the working fluid in the evaporation chamber absorbs heat and evaporates into gas. Under the action of pressure difference, the gas flows to the condensation chamber, condenses in the condensation chamber, and then flows back to the evaporation chamber by gravity, thereby achieving heat conduction and dissipation.

[0003] Although phase change thermosiphon radiators have certain advantages in heat dissipation capacity, existing designs still have some shortcomings:

[0004] 1. While adopting a multi-unit integrated design can improve heat dissipation capacity, its large size and space occupation affect the layout of other components. In addition, the flow channel design of the condensation chamber may lead to untimely return flow, thereby reducing heat exchange efficiency and affecting the overall heat dissipation effect.

[0005] 2. The use of a split-type thermosiphon radiator, which separates the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber and connects them through an exhaust pipe and a return pipe, can solve the space problem to some extent; however, due to its relatively dispersed structure, it still requires a large space and cannot meet the compact layout requirements of current high-power equipment, thus affecting the compactness and integration of the equipment.

[0006] 3. The radiator adopts a design with a high degree of overlap between the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber, and uses baffles for isolation and an external circulation pump to reduce the size of the radiator; although this design reduces the size, it also brings additional costs and maintenance pressure, and the use of a circulation pump will affect the life and reliability of the radiator.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a thermosiphon radiator design that requires no additional power, has high space utilization, and excellent heat dissipation efficiency, in order to meet the higher requirements of high-power equipment for heat dissipation systems. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the problems of low space utilization and insufficient heat dissipation efficiency in existing technologies, this application provides a phase change heat sink and a power device.

[0009] The phase change heat sink and power device provided in this application adopt the following technical solution:

[0010] A phase change radiator includes multiple heat dissipation units, each of the heat dissipation units including an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber communicating with the evaporation chamber;

[0011] The heat dissipation units are stacked along the height direction, and the condensation cavity of the later heat dissipation unit is at least partially located in the space between the evaporation cavity and the condensation cavity of the earlier heat dissipation unit.

[0012] The evaporation chamber is filled with a working fluid, and the condensation chamber is equipped with a heat dissipation flat tube for the phase change heat of the working fluid.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple heat dissipation units are stacked along the height direction, effectively reducing the space occupied by the heat sink and optimizing space utilization efficiency. The condensation chamber is located in the space of the previous unit, making the overall structure more compact. The stacking design allows the heat sink to achieve multi-channel heat dissipation in a limited space. The structure is compact and highly integrated, making it suitable for space-constrained applications. The phase change heat sink uses the phase change heat exchange interface between the outer surface of the evaporation chamber and the component to be cooled, allowing heat to be quickly transferred to the working fluid, reducing heat accumulation and improving heat dissipation efficiency. The working fluid circulates continuously through the phase change heat exchange process, reducing excessive heat accumulation and avoiding overheating problems caused by poor heat dissipation. The design of the heat dissipation flat tube further enhances the heat dissipation effect of the condensation process, ensuring long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0014] In one specific implementation, the heat dissipation flat tube is arranged horizontally to form multiple horizontal flow channels, and the horizontal flow channels are connected to the evaporation chamber.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontally arranged heat dissipation flat tubes can make steam or gas evenly distributed in the horizontal distribution channel, allowing multiple heat dissipation channels to work in parallel. This enables the heat dissipation flat tubes to exchange heat more fully with the surrounding environment, improve the heat exchange rate, and thus improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the entire system. Furthermore, the horizontal arrangement can reduce irregular resistance in gas flow, making the fluid flow more stable and continuous, reducing the additional resistance caused by bends and turns, and ensuring smooth fluid flow.

[0016] In one specific implementation, the horizontally positioned heat dissipation flat tube has staggered openings.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the staggered openings can allow the condensate to flow back from the condensation channel to the evaporation chamber in a timely manner, avoiding the formation of an excessively thick liquid film on the wall of the condensation channel and improving heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, through the staggered opening design, the condensed liquid working fluid can enter the lower drain channel through the openings, allowing the liquid to flow back in a timely manner and reducing the residence time of the liquid film in the channel.

[0018] In one specific implementation, the condensation chamber is provided with a manifold chamber on the side away from the evaporation chamber, and the manifold chamber is connected to a plurality of the horizontal branch channels.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the liquid working fluid generated during the condensation process of multiple condensing and heat dissipation flat tubes can flow to the manifold chamber through their respective horizontal branch channels. The manifold chamber mixes the liquids from each condensing flat tube to ensure a uniform temperature, thus guaranteeing the uniform temperature of the liquid. After being converged and homogenized in the manifold chamber, the liquid flows back to the evaporation chamber by gravity. This optimizes the heat exchange process through the uniform temperature effect, improves condensation efficiency, enhances the stability and efficiency of the condensate return flow, and reduces energy consumption.

[0020] In one specific implementation, the manifold chamber is provided with a reinforcing support column.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, the structural strength of the manifold can be improved, making it more stable when subjected to the pressure, flow, or external environmental influences of condensate. The support columns are strengthened to disperse and support the force of the cavity, preventing the cavity from deforming or being damaged due to long-term use or external stress.

[0022] In one specific implementation scheme, the heat dissipation flat tube is arranged vertically to form multiple vertical flow channels, and the multiple vertical flow channels and the evaporation cavity form a connected movement space.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution and utilizing vertically arranged heat dissipation flat tubes, the flow of liquid working fluid is facilitated to be smoother, and the gravity-driven flow of liquid is enhanced. After the working fluid vapor condenses into liquid working fluid in the condensation chamber, gravity causes the liquid working fluid to quickly flow back to the bottom of the condensation chamber. Compared with horizontal flat tube flow channels, the liquid working fluid returns faster, avoiding the accumulation of liquid film during the condensation process, reducing the adhesion of liquid film to the wall surface, and enhancing the condensation heat exchange efficiency.

[0024] In one specific implementation, the condensation chamber has a metal structural plate on the side away from the evaporation chamber, and is connected to the vertically arranged heat dissipation flat tube.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solutions, the metal structural plate not only enhances the connection strength of the condensing cavity, but also utilizes the high thermal conductivity of metal to achieve uniform temperature distribution; it improves condensing efficiency and optimizes heat dissipation performance through efficient heat conduction, while enhancing the stability and durability of the system.

[0026] In one specific implementation, heat dissipation fins are provided on the outer side of the heat dissipation flat tube, and the heat dissipation fins are located in the gap between the heat dissipation flat tubes.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the external heat dissipation fins can increase the heat dissipation surface area, provide more heat release channels, help accelerate heat dissipation, and place the heat dissipation fins in the gap between the flat tubes to optimize airflow, enhance the heat exchange efficiency of the heat dissipation flat tubes, and improve heat dissipation performance.

[0028] In one specific implementation, the evaporation chamber is provided with a flow-guiding support column, which is used to guide the working fluid after phase change heat transfer through the heat dissipation flat tube to the element to be cooled.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the function of the flow guide support column is to guide the working fluid to the heat dissipation component, ensuring a smoother flow path of the working fluid in the cavity. By optimizing the flow path of the working fluid, the working fluid can more effectively exchange heat with the heat dissipation component, ensuring rapid heat transfer and dissipation, improving the overall heat dissipation performance, and also strengthening the structural strength to ensure the long-term reliable operation of the evaporation cavity.

[0030] A power device includes a heat dissipation cavity and a power cavity. The heat dissipation cavity is provided with a phase change heat sink as described above, and the power cavity is provided with a power module. The power module is attached to the surface of the evaporation cavity away from the condensation cavity.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the phase change heat sink is configured inside the heat dissipation cavity. Utilizing the heat absorption characteristics of the phase change heat sink, the power module is attached to the surface of the evaporation cavity away from the condensation cavity, ensuring effective contact between the power module and the heat dissipation system. Through heat exchange in the evaporation cavity, the thermal management of the power module is optimized. The heat generated in the power cavity can be absorbed and dissipated through heat exchange, accelerating heat transfer and dissipation, reducing the internal temperature difference of the equipment, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0032] In one specific implementation, the heat dissipation cavity is provided with a fan, a connected air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet and the air outlet are located on the side of the heat dissipation cavity away from the power cavity, and the fan is positioned towards the phase change heat sink.

[0033] By adopting the above technical solutions, the layout of the air inlet and outlet ensures smooth airflow, and the fan can make the air flow more evenly in the heat dissipation cavity. Through the design of the fan facing the phase change heat sink, the heat absorbed by the heat sink can be directly carried away, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0034] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of this application are as follows: By stacking multiple heat dissipation units, the space utilization efficiency of the phase change heat sink is optimized. The condensation cavity of the subsequent heat dissipation unit is embedded between the evaporation cavity and condensation cavity of the preceding unit, maximizing space utilization while maintaining efficient heat dissipation. Furthermore, the heat dissipation flat tubes within the condensation cavity employ different arrangements, such as horizontal and vertical flow channel designs, ensuring smooth working fluid flow, reducing liquid film accumulation, and improving heat exchange performance. Simultaneously, the heat dissipation fins, manifold chambers, and metal structural plates in the design further enhance heat dissipation efficiency and the structural strength of the equipment.

[0035] This power device combines a phase change radiator with a fan design, and the ventilation system of the heat dissipation cavity ensures uniform airflow, thereby improving overall heat dissipation efficiency, extending the service life of the device, and making the application of phase change radiators in power devices more efficient and reliable. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change heat sink in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram used to show the manifold chamber, metal structural plate, and heat dissipation fins.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes in the first and second heat dissipation units.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram used to illustrate the reinforcement of the support column.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram used to illustrate the structure of the flow guide support column.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power device in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes in the two heat dissipation units in Embodiment 2.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes in the two heat dissipation units in Embodiment 3.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes in the two heat dissipation units in Embodiment 4.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes in the two heat dissipation units in Embodiment 5.

[0046] Figure 11 This is a structural schematic diagram of the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes in the two heat dissipation units in Embodiment Six.

[0047] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two heat dissipation units without heat dissipation flat tubes in Embodiment 7.

[0048] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked structure of the three heat dissipation units in Embodiment 8.

[0049] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two heat dissipation units installed in planar contact in Embodiment 9.

[0050] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of two heat dissipation units installed in inclined contact in Embodiment 9.

[0051] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Power device; 11. Heat dissipation cavity; 12. Power cavity; 13. Power module; 14. Fan; 15. Air inlet; 16. Air outlet; 2. Phase change heat sink; 3. Heat dissipation unit; 31. Evaporation cavity; 311. Guide support column; 312. Plane; 313. Sloping surface; 32. Condensation cavity; 33. Working fluid; 34. Heat dissipation flat tube; 35. First heat dissipation unit; 36. Second heat dissipation unit; 37. Third heat dissipation unit; 4. Horizontal flow channel; 5. Opening; 6. Combination chamber; 61. Reinforcing support column; 7. Vertical flow channel; 8. Metal structural plate; 9. Heat dissipation fins. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-15 This application will be described in further detail.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Reference Figure 1 This application discloses a phase change heat sink 2, which includes multiple heat dissipation units 3. Each heat dissipation unit 3 includes an evaporation cavity 31 and a condensation cavity 32 connected to the evaporation cavity 31.

[0055] Multiple heat dissipation units 3 are stacked along the height direction, and the condensation cavity 32 of the subsequent heat dissipation unit 3 is at least partially located in the space between the evaporation cavity 31 and the condensation cavity 32 of the preceding heat dissipation unit 3.

[0056] The specific number of heat dissipation units 3 is determined according to the actual heat dissipation requirements. In this embodiment, there are two heat dissipation units 3, namely the first heat dissipation unit 35 and the second heat dissipation unit 36. The condensation cavity 32 of the second heat dissipation unit 36 ​​is embedded in the space between the evaporation cavity 31 and the condensation cavity 32 of the first heat dissipation unit 35. By stacking multiple heat dissipation units 3 to complement each other, the space utilization rate can be maximized without affecting the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0057] The outer surface of the evaporation chamber 31 forms a phase change heat exchange interface for the heat dissipation element, the evaporation chamber 31 is filled with working fluid 33, and the condensation chamber 32 is provided with a heat dissipation flat tube 34 for phase change heat exchange of working fluid 33.

[0058] In this embodiment, the working fluid 33 filled in the evaporation chamber 31 of different heat dissipation units 3 may be the same or different. The working fluid 33 used in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, substances with high latent heat such as R134a, R1233zd, and acetone. These working fluids have high latent heat, which enables them to effectively transfer the heat generated by the heat dissipation element and realize the transfer and dissipation of heat through the phase change process.

[0059] During operation, each evaporation chamber 31 in the heat dissipation unit 3 contacts the heat-dissipating element through its outer surface, forming a heat exchange interface. The heat generated by the heat-dissipating element is transferred to the evaporation chamber 31 through the heat exchange interface. The working fluid 33 in the evaporation chamber 31 absorbs the heat from the element. After absorbing heat, the working fluid 33 undergoes a phase change and evaporates into a gas. The evaporated gas flows to the condensation chamber 32 under the action of pressure difference. The gas in the condensation chamber 32 releases heat and condenses into a liquid through the heat dissipation flat tube 34. In the condensation chamber 32, the liquid working fluid 33 returns to the evaporation chamber 31 by gravity or other driving forces, completing the heat transfer cycle. The entire process maintains a stable heat dissipation effect through phase change heat transfer and liquid reflux.

[0060] In this embodiment, the evaporation chamber 31 in each heat dissipation unit 3 is provided with mounting holes so as to install and weld the heat dissipation flat tube 34 in the condensation chamber 32, thereby constructing a channel for the working fluid 33 vapor to pass into the condensation chamber 32.

[0061] The arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chamber 32 of different heat dissipation units 3 can be the same or different. In this embodiment, the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chamber 32 of the two heat dissipation units 3 is different.

[0062] Reference Figure 1-5In the first heat dissipation unit 35, the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation cavity 32 are arranged horizontally to form multiple horizontal flow channels 4, which are connected to the evaporation cavity 31. The design of the horizontal flow channels 4 reduces irregular resistance in the flow, so that the working fluid 33 vapor can enter the horizontal flow channels 4 along the horizontally arranged heat dissipation flat tubes 34 (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown by the dashed arrow in the first heat dissipation unit 35), which makes the gas flow more stable, reduces energy loss, and the gas is evenly distributed in the horizontally set heat dissipation flat tube 34, allowing multiple heat dissipation channels to work in parallel, improving the heat exchange rate, and thus improving the overall system heat dissipation efficiency.

[0063] To further enhance the condensation effect, the heat dissipation flat tube 34 in the first heat dissipation unit 35 is provided with staggered openings 5. Through the staggered openings 5, the condensate can flow back to the evaporation chamber 31 in a timely manner, avoiding the formation of an excessively thick liquid film on the wall in the condensation channel. An excessively thick liquid film on the wall will reduce the condensation heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, the openings 5 ​​are designed to effectively reduce the thickness of the liquid film, improve the heat exchange efficiency, and enhance the dynamic effect of the condensation process.

[0064] Furthermore, in the first heat dissipation unit 35, a confluence chamber 6 is provided on the side of the condensation chamber 32 away from the evaporation chamber 31. In this embodiment, the confluence chamber 6 consists of a confluence cavity and a confluence chamber cover plate. The confluence chamber 6 is connected to multiple horizontal diversion channels 4. The liquid working fluid 33 condensed by the multiple condensation heat dissipation flat tubes 34 flows to the confluence chamber 6 through the horizontal diversion channels 4, where it converges and mixes, and then flows back under the action of gravity (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown by the solid arrow in the first heat dissipation unit 35); the manifold chamber 6 uses a mixing effect to make the liquid temperature after condensation in each condensing flat tube tend to be consistent, thus optimizing the heat exchange process;

[0065] The manifold 6 is provided with reinforcing support columns 61, and the array of reinforcing support columns 61 is arranged in the manifold 6. In this embodiment, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing support columns 61 can be rectangular, circular, rhomboid, elliptical, etc. Through the design of the reinforcing support columns 61, the structural strength of the manifold 6 can be improved, ensuring that it does not deform or get damaged during the process of being subjected to liquid pressure and flow, and ensuring the long-term reliability of the system.

[0066] In the second heat dissipation unit 36, the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 inside the condensation cavity 32 are arranged vertically to form multiple vertical flow channels 7. These vertical flow channels 7 form a connected movement space with the evaporation cavity 31, and the working fluid 33 vapor moves upward along the vertically arranged heat dissipation flat tubes 34 (e.g., Figure 1 (As shown by the dashed arrow in the second heat dissipation unit 36), the liquid working fluid 33 after phase change heat transfer flows back to the bottom of the condensation cavity 32 by gravity (as shown by the dashed arrow in the second heat dissipation unit 36). Figure 1(As shown by the solid arrow in the second heat dissipation unit 36), and quickly return to the evaporation chamber 31; since the vertical setting allows the working fluid 33 to flow more smoothly, the accumulation of liquid film during condensation will be reduced, thereby enhancing the condensation heat exchange efficiency.

[0067] In the second heat dissipation unit 36, a metal structural plate 8 is provided on the side of the condensing cavity 32 away from the evaporating cavity 31 to enhance the connection strength of the condensing cavity 32. At the same time, the high thermal conductivity of metal is used to optimize the condensation efficiency. The metal structural plate 8 ensures the smooth condensation process of the liquid through efficient heat conduction and enhances the stability and durability of the system. In other embodiments, the metal structural plate 8 may not be provided on the side of the condensing cavity 32 away from the evaporating cavity 31, and the end of each heat dissipation flat tube 34 in the condensing cavity 32 away from the evaporating cavity 31 can be sealed.

[0068] In this embodiment, each heat dissipation flat tube 34 in each heat dissipation unit 3 is provided with heat dissipation fins 9 on its outer side. The heat dissipation fins 9 are located in the gap between the heat dissipation flat tubes 34, which can increase the heat dissipation surface area and provide more heat release channels. The design of the heat dissipation fins 9 helps to enhance airflow, optimize the heat exchange efficiency of the heat dissipation flat tubes 34, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the system, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0069] A flow-guiding support column 311 is provided inside the evaporation chamber 31. In this embodiment, the flow-guiding support column 311 includes, but is not limited to, horizontal or inclined arrangement. The flow-guiding support column 311 corresponding to the area of ​​the heat-dissipating element in the evaporation chamber 31 is horizontally arranged, while the flow-guiding support column 311 corresponding to the position above the heat-dissipating element is inclined. This facilitates the flow of liquid working fluid 33 returning from the condensation chamber 32 to the area of ​​the heat-dissipating element, ensuring that the area of ​​the heat-dissipating element is always filled with liquid working fluid 33 to prevent it from drying out. This ensures a smoother flow path for the working fluid 33 in the evaporation chamber 31. By optimizing the flow path of the working fluid 33, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, ensuring rapid heat transfer and dissipation. In addition to its guiding function, the flow-guiding support column 311 also enhances boiling and heat exchange. Furthermore, the flow-guiding support column 311 can strengthen the structural strength, enabling the evaporation chamber 31 to remain stable and reliable during long-term use.

[0070] Reference Figure 6 This application also provides a power device 1, including a heat dissipation cavity 11 and a power cavity 12. The heat dissipation cavity 11 is provided with a phase change heat sink 2 as described above, and the power cavity 12 is provided with a power module 13. In this embodiment, the power module 13 includes, but is not limited to, a PCBA assembly. The power module 13 is attached to the surface of the evaporation cavity 31 away from the condensation cavity 32.

[0071] The heat dissipation cavity 11 of the power device 1 is also equipped with a fan 14, an air inlet 15, and an air outlet 16. The air inlet 15 and the air outlet 16 are respectively located on the side of the heat dissipation cavity 11 away from the power cavity 12. In this embodiment, the air inlet 15 is located at the bottom of the heat dissipation cavity 11, and the fan 14 is located close to the air inlet 15. The air outlet 16 is located on the side of the top of the heat dissipation cavity 11 away from the power cavity 12. The position of the air outlet 16 is higher than the installation position of the phase change heat sink 2. The phase change heat sink 2 is installed above the fan 14, and the fan 14 is set towards the phase change heat sink 2, which can effectively promote airflow and help heat to be quickly discharged from the heat dissipation cavity 11, ensuring smooth airflow. The design of the fan 14 can optimize the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat sink, enhance the thermal management effect of the device, and ensure that the device maintains a stable temperature under high power operation.

[0072] During operation, by placing the phase change heat sink 2 inside the heat dissipation cavity 11 and utilizing the heat absorption characteristics of the phase change heat sink 2, the power module 13 is attached to the surface of the evaporation cavity 31 away from the condensation cavity 32. This ensures effective contact between the power module 13 and the heat dissipation system. Through heat exchange in the evaporation cavity 31, the thermal management of the power module 13 is optimized. The heat generated by the power cavity 12 is absorbed and dissipated through heat exchange. With the cooperation of the fan 14, the heat transfer and dissipation are accelerated, reducing the internal temperature difference of the equipment. This helps maintain the stable operation of the equipment and extends its service life.

[0073] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Before operation, each heat dissipation unit 3 is stacked in the height direction. The condensation cavity 32 of the next heat dissipation unit 3 is embedded in the space between the evaporation cavity 31 and the condensation cavity 32 of the previous heat dissipation unit 3. The multiple heat dissipation units 3 have complementary structures, which can maximize the space utilization rate without affecting the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0074] Then, the assembled phase change heat sink 2 is installed in the power device 1, and the outer surface of each evaporation chamber 31 in the heat dissipation unit 3 is attached to the power module 13 to form a heat exchange interface.

[0075] When the power module 13 is working, the heat generated by the power module 13 is transferred to the evaporation chamber 31 through the heat exchange interface. The working fluid 33 in the evaporation chamber 31 absorbs the heat from the components. After absorbing heat, the working fluid 33 undergoes a phase change and evaporates into a gas. The evaporated gas flows to the condensation chamber 32 under the action of pressure difference. The gas in the condensation chamber 32 releases heat and condenses into a liquid through the heat dissipation flat tube 34. In the condensation chamber 32, the liquid working fluid 33 returns to the evaporation chamber 31 by gravity or other driving forces, completing the heat transfer cycle. The entire process maintains a stable heat dissipation effect through phase change heat dissipation and liquid reflux. During this process, the fan 14 blows air towards the phase change heat sink 2 to accelerate the heat transfer and dissipation on the phase change heat sink 2 and reduce the internal temperature difference of the equipment.

[0076] The phase change radiator 2 of this application utilizes a stacked design of multiple heat dissipation units 3. The condenser cavity 32 of each subsequent heat dissipation unit 3 is embedded between the evaporation cavity 31 and the condenser cavity 32 of the preceding unit, maximizing space utilization while maintaining efficient heat dissipation. Each heat dissipation unit 3 includes an evaporation cavity 31 and a condenser cavity 32. The working fluid 33, filled in the evaporation cavity 31, undergoes a phase change after absorbing heat and transfers heat to the condenser cavity 32, which is then released through the heat dissipation flat tubes 34. Furthermore, the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 within the condenser cavity 32 employ different arrangements, such as horizontal and vertical flow channel designs, to ensure smooth flow of the working fluid 33, reduce liquid film accumulation, and improve heat exchange performance. Simultaneously, the heat dissipation fins 9, the confluence chamber 6, and the metal structural plate 8 further enhance heat dissipation efficiency and the structural strength of the equipment.

[0077] The power device 1 of this application forms a good heat exchange interface by installing the aforementioned phase change heat sink 2 inside the heat dissipation cavity 11 and making it contact with the power module 13. When the power module 13 is working, the heat generated is effectively absorbed by the heat sink and transferred and dissipated through the phase change process. The configuration of the fan 14 further accelerates the heat dissipation, ensuring the stable temperature of the device under high power operation and effectively extending the service life of the device. The overall design not only optimizes space utilization but also improves heat dissipation efficiency, ensuring that the device can operate efficiently and stably for a long time while avoiding failures or performance degradation caused by excessive temperature differences.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] Reference Figure 7 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the two heat dissipation units 3 are arranged in the same way; and the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 are all designed to be horizontally arranged and staggered with openings 5 ​​to form multiple horizontal flow channels 4.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] Reference Figure 8 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the two heat dissipation units 3 are arranged in the same way; and the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 are all designed to be horizontally arranged and without holes, forming multiple horizontal flow channels 4.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] Reference Figure 9 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the two heat dissipation units 3 are arranged in the same way; and the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 are all designed to be vertically arranged to form multiple vertical flow channels 7.

[0084] Example 5

[0085] Reference Figure 10 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the two heat dissipation units 3 is different; and the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the first heat dissipation unit 35 are designed to be horizontally arranged and without openings, forming multiple horizontal flow channels 4, while the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the second heat dissipation unit 36 ​​are designed to be vertically arranged, forming multiple vertical flow channels 7.

[0086] Example 6

[0087] Reference Figure 11 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the arrangement of the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the two heat dissipation units 3 is different; and the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the first heat dissipation unit 35 are designed to be vertically arranged to form multiple vertical flow channels 7, while the heat dissipation flat tubes 34 in the condensation chambers 32 of the second heat dissipation unit 36 ​​are designed to be horizontally arranged with staggered openings 5 ​​to form multiple horizontal flow channels 4.

[0088] Example 7

[0089] Reference Figure 12 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that neither of the two heat dissipation units 3 has a heat dissipation flat tube 34 designed inside the condensation cavity 32.

[0090] Example 8

[0091] Reference Figure 13 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the heat dissipation unit 3 in this embodiment is set to three. This embodiment also includes a third heat dissipation unit 37. The third heat dissipation unit 3 is stacked with the previous heat dissipation unit 3 in a manner similar to the second heat dissipation unit 36.

[0092] The actual number of heat dissipation units 3 can be designed according to the number of rows of power modules 13. In other embodiments, heat dissipation units 3 can also be set with 3, 4, 5...N heat dissipation units.

[0093] Example 9

[0094] Reference Figure 14 and 15 The difference between this embodiment and embodiment one is that the condensation cavity 32 of the latter heat dissipation unit 3 is completely embedded in the unused space between the evaporation cavity 31 and the condensation cavity 32 of the former heat dissipation unit 3.

[0095] Furthermore, the evaporation chambers 31 of two adjacent heat dissipation units 3 are installed in contact with each other. In this embodiment, the contact surface between the evaporation chambers 31 includes, but is not limited to, a plane 312 or an inclined plane 313. The evaporation chambers 31 of two adjacent heat dissipation units 3 can be installed in complete contact with each other through a plane 312 or through an inclined plane 313.

[0096] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A phase change heat sink, characterized in that: It includes multiple heat dissipation units, each of which includes an evaporation chamber and a condensation chamber communicating with the evaporation chamber; The heat dissipation units are stacked along the height direction, and the condensation cavity of the later heat dissipation unit is at least partially located in the space between the evaporation cavity and the condensation cavity of the earlier heat dissipation unit. The evaporation chamber is filled with a working fluid, and the condensation chamber is equipped with a heat dissipation flat tube for the phase change heat of the working fluid.

2. The phase change heat sink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation flat tubes are arranged horizontally to form multiple horizontal flow channels, which are connected to the evaporation chamber.

3. The phase change heat sink according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontally arranged heat dissipation flat tube has staggered openings.

4. The phase change heat sink according to claim 2, characterized in that: The condensing cavity is provided with a manifold chamber on the side away from the evaporating cavity, and the manifold chamber is connected to a plurality of horizontal branch channels.

5. The phase change heat sink according to claim 4, characterized in that: The manifold chamber is equipped with a reinforcing support column.

6. The phase change heat sink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation flat tubes are arranged vertically to form multiple vertical flow channels, and the multiple vertical flow channels and the evaporation cavity form a connected movement space.

7. The phase change heat sink according to claim 6, characterized in that: The condensation chamber has a metal structural plate on the side away from the evaporation chamber, and is connected to the vertically arranged heat dissipation flat tube.

8. The phase change heat sink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation flat tube has heat dissipation fins on its outer side, and the heat dissipation fins are located in the gaps between the heat dissipation flat tubes.

9. The phase change heat sink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The evaporation chamber is provided with a flow-guiding support column, which is used to guide the working fluid after phase change heat exchange through the heat dissipation flat tube to the heat dissipation element.

10. A power device, characterized in that: It includes a heat dissipation cavity and a power cavity. The heat dissipation cavity is provided with a phase change heat sink as described in any one of claims 1-9. The power cavity is provided with a power module, which is attached to the surface of the evaporation cavity away from the condensation cavity.

11. The power device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The heat dissipation cavity is equipped with a fan, a connected air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet and the air outlet are located on the side of the heat dissipation cavity away from the power cavity, and the fan is positioned towards the phase change heat sink.

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