An extraction device using supercritical carbon dioxide as an extractant

Abstract

The utility model discloses an extraction device with supercritical carbon dioxide as extractant, which comprises: a raw material storage tank, a carbon dioxide storage tank, an extraction kettle and a separation kettle. The raw material stored in the raw material storage tank is a fluid; the carbon dioxide storage tank is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide; a first feed inlet of the extraction kettle is communicated with a discharge port of the carbon dioxide storage tank through a first pipeline, a first booster and a first heat exchanger are arranged on the first pipeline, the first booster and the first heat exchanger are used for converting the liquid carbon dioxide into a supercritical state, a second feed inlet of the extraction kettle is communicated with a discharge port of the raw material storage tank through a second pipeline, and the extraction kettle is used for providing an extraction space. A feed inlet of the separation kettle is communicated with a first discharge port of the extraction kettle through a third pipeline, a first discharge port is arranged on the separation kettle and used for discharging an extract, a second discharge port is arranged on the separation kettle and used for discharging gaseous carbon dioxide, and a second discharge port of the extraction kettle is arranged at the bottom of the extraction kettle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of extraction, and in particular to an extraction device using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and utilization of marine resources, the potential value of oyster shells, as a major byproduct of seafood processing, has long been overlooked. Oyster shells contain abundant organic essential oils (such as volatile flavor compounds) and minerals such as zinc and calcium, which have broad application prospects in the fields of food, medicine, and cosmetics.

[0003] Traditional methods of oyster shell disposal typically involve incineration, landfilling, or simple crushing, which not only wastes resources but may also cause environmental pollution. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes an extraction device using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant, which can extract essential oils and zinc from oyster shells.

[0005] An extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant, according to an embodiment of the present invention, includes: a raw material storage tank, a carbon dioxide storage tank, an extraction vessel, and a separation vessel. The raw material stored in the raw material storage tank is a fluid; the carbon dioxide storage tank is used to store liquid carbon dioxide; the first inlet of the extraction vessel is connected to the outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank through a first pipe, and a first booster and a first heat exchanger are installed on the first pipe. The first booster and the first heat exchanger are used to convert the liquid carbon dioxide to a supercritical state; the second inlet of the extraction vessel is connected to the outlet of the raw material storage tank through a second pipe, and the extraction vessel is used to provide extraction space; the inlet of the separation vessel is connected to the first outlet of the extraction vessel through a third pipe, and the separation vessel is provided with a first outlet for discharging the extract and a second outlet for discharging gaseous carbon dioxide; the second outlet of the extraction vessel is located at the bottom of the extraction vessel, one end of the second outlet of the extraction vessel is connected to the extraction vessel, and the other end of the second outlet of the extraction vessel is connected to the outside, and the second outlet of the extraction vessel is used to discharge the extracted waste.

[0006] It has at least the following beneficial effects: the raw material storage tank is used to store fluid raw materials. This device can only extract fluid raw materials, and only fluids can circulate in the device. The carbon dioxide storage tank is used to store liquid carbon dioxide. The extraction vessel is used to extract essential oils and organic trace elements from crushed oyster shells. The first booster and the first heat exchanger are used to pressurize and heat carbon dioxide to a supercritical state, which is then introduced into the extraction vessel as an extractant. After the supercritical carbon dioxide enters the separation vessel, due to pressure and temperature changes, the carbon dioxide changes from supercritical to gaseous. The extracted substances settle at the bottom of the separation vessel, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is discharged. The extracted substances are then distilled, and part of the product is a mixture of essential oils and zinc, while the other part is an entrainer. The second outlet of the extraction vessel is used to discharge the waste material after extraction.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second booster and a second heat exchanger are provided on the second pipeline. The second booster is used to drive the raw material to flow into the extraction vessel, and the second heat exchanger is used to heat the raw material.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the separation vessel is provided with a third discharge port, and the third discharge port of the separation vessel is connected to the third inlet of the extraction vessel through a fourth pipe, so as to facilitate the entrainer to flow into the extraction vessel for reuse.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a third booster and a third heat exchanger are provided on the fourth pipeline. The third booster is used to drive the entrainer into the extraction vessel, and the third heat exchanger is used to heat the entrainer.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the entrainer is an aqueous ethanol solution.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this utility model, temperature detection instruments are provided on the first pipe, the second pipe, the third pipe, the fourth pipe, the extraction vessel, and the separation vessel, and the temperature detection instruments are used to detect the temperature at the corresponding connection points.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this utility model, the extraction vessel is equipped with three temperature detection instruments, which are evenly spaced on the extraction vessel. The arrangement of the three temperature detection instruments can more comprehensively detect the temperature at various locations of the extraction vessel.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second discharge port on the separation vessel is connected to a carbon dioxide recovery device, which is used to recover gaseous carbon dioxide for easy reuse.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first shut-off valve is provided on the third pipeline, which is used to control the flow and shut-off of gaseous substances.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second shut-off valve is provided on the second outlet of the extraction vessel, and the second shut-off valve is used to control the flow and shut-off of solid and liquid substances.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an extraction device using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals: Raw material storage tank 100;

[0020] 200 carbon dioxide storage tank;

[0021] Extraction vessel 300;

[0022] Separation vessel 400;

[0023] First pipeline 500, first booster 510, first heat exchanger 520;

[0024] Second pipeline 600, second booster 610, second heat exchanger 620;

[0025] Third pipeline 700, first shut-off valve 710;

[0026] Fourth pipeline 800, third booster 810, third heat exchanger 820;

[0027] Second shut-off valve 900, temperature detection instrument 900a, carbon dioxide recovery device 900b. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In the description of this utility model, the use of "first" and "second" is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features or the order of the technical features.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 This utility model discloses an extraction device using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant, comprising: a raw material storage tank 100, a carbon dioxide storage tank 200, an extraction vessel 300, and a separation vessel 400.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 The raw material stored in the raw material storage tank 100 is a fluid. The raw material extracted by this device is oyster shells. The raw material should be a mixture of crushed oyster shells and water, in a fluid form, which facilitates circulation within the device and allows for more thorough contact between the extractant and the raw material during subsequent extraction, thereby improving extraction efficiency.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 The carbon dioxide storage tank 200 is used to store liquid carbon dioxide.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 The carbon dioxide storage tank 200 is used to store liquid carbon dioxide; the first inlet of the extraction vessel 300 is connected to the outlet of the carbon dioxide storage tank 200 through the first pipe 500. The first pipe 500 is equipped with a first booster 510 and a first heat exchanger 520. The first booster 510 and the first heat exchanger 520 are used to convert the liquid carbon dioxide into a supercritical state. The second inlet of the extraction vessel 300 is connected to the outlet of the raw material storage tank 100 through the second pipe 600. The extraction vessel 300 is used to provide an extraction space. The extraction vessel 300 is used to extract essential oils and organic trace elements from the crushed oyster shells. The first booster 510 and the first heat exchanger 520 are used to pressurize and heat the carbon dioxide to a supercritical state and introduce it into the extraction vessel 300 as an extractant.

[0034] Reference Figure 1The inlet of the separation vessel 400 is connected to the first outlet of the extraction vessel 300 through the third pipe 700. The separation vessel 400 is provided with a first outlet for discharging the extract and a second outlet for discharging gaseous carbon dioxide. The second outlet of the extraction vessel 300 is located at the bottom of the extraction vessel 300. One end of the second outlet of the extraction vessel 300 is connected to the extraction vessel 300, and the other end is connected to the outside. The second outlet of the extraction vessel 300 is used to discharge the waste material after extraction. After the supercritical carbon dioxide dissolves the essential oil and zinc element and enters the separation vessel 400, due to the pressure and temperature changes, the carbon dioxide changes from supercritical to gaseous. The extracted substances settle at the bottom of the separation vessel 400, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is discharged. The extracted substances are distilled, and part of them are a mixture of essential oil and zinc element, and the other part is an entrainer. The second outlet of the extraction vessel 300 is used to discharge the waste material after extraction.

[0035] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The second pipeline 600 is equipped with a second booster 610 and a second heat exchanger 620. The second booster 610 is used to drive the raw material to flow into the extraction vessel 300, and the second heat exchanger 620 is used to heat the raw material. It can be understood that the heater of the second heat exchanger 620 is used to heat the raw material to the temperature required for supercritical carbon dioxide, so as to avoid heat transfer between the raw material and supercritical carbon dioxide due to the temperature difference between the raw material and supercritical carbon dioxide, thereby ensuring that the carbon dioxide is always kept in a supercritical state during the extraction process.

[0036] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The separation vessel 400 is equipped with a third discharge port, which is connected to the third inlet of the extraction vessel 300 through a fourth pipe 800. This facilitates the flow of the entrainer into the extraction vessel 300 for reuse. The function of the entrainer is to increase the solubility of the essential oil and zinc element in the raw material by the extractant, thereby increasing the extraction efficiency and preventing waste of raw materials. During the extraction and separation process, the entrainer does not undergo chemical changes. After separation, the entrainer is separated out and can be reused.

[0037] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The fourth pipeline 800 is equipped with a third booster 810 and a third heat exchanger 820. The third booster 810 is used to drive the entrainer into the extraction vessel 300, and the third heat exchanger 820 is used to heat the entrainer. It can be understood that the third heat exchanger 820 needs to heat the entrainer to the same temperature as supercritical carbon dioxide to ensure that the temperature of the entrainer entering the extraction vessel 300 is the same as the temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide, and no heat transfer occurs between the two.

[0038] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1The entrainer chosen was an ethanol-water solution. Using an ethanol-water solution as an entrainer can change the polarity parameters of the solvent system, significantly improving the extraction rate of zinc. The extraction rate of essential oils by ethanol-water solution is also very significant. Ethanol molecules form a solvation layer with CO2 through hydrogen bonds, and water molecules further polarize the system, increasing the extraction rate of zinc complexes such as Zn-organic acids in oyster shells by 3 to 5 times. In this device, a 25% ethanol-water solution was selected, and the extraction temperature was controlled at 35℃, the extraction pressure was controlled at 20 MPa, and the pH value of the raw material was adjusted to 4.0. Under these conditions, ethanol solubilizes terpenes, water inhibits the dissolution of polysaccharides, increases the extraction rate of essential oils, promotes Zn²⁺ dissociation, and increases the extraction rate of zinc ions.

[0039] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 Temperature sensors 900a are installed on the first pipe 500, the second pipe 600, the third pipe 700, the fourth pipe 800, the extraction vessel 300, and the separation vessel 400. The temperature sensors 900a are used to detect the temperature at the corresponding connection points. The temperature in the extraction vessel 300 needs to be maintained at 35℃, and the temperature in the separation vessel 400 needs to be maintained at 50℃. Therefore, temperature sensors are installed on the first pipe 500, the second pipe 600, the third pipe 700, the fourth pipe 800, the extraction vessel 300, and the separation vessel 400 to monitor the temperature at each location in real time. It is understandable that the temperature sensors 900a should be equipped with an alarm. When a temperature difference is detected, an alarm will be sounded immediately so that the testing personnel can discover and adjust the situation in a timely manner.

[0040] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 The extraction vessel 300 is equipped with three temperature measuring instruments 900a, which are evenly spaced on the extraction vessel 300. The arrangement of the three temperature measuring instruments 900a allows for more comprehensive monitoring of the temperature at various locations on the extraction vessel 300. The three temperature measuring instruments 900a on the extraction vessel 300 should be evenly spaced along the length of the extraction vessel 300. Since the extraction vessel 300 is relatively long and contains a large amount of mixed substances, temperature differences may occur at different locations. It is necessary to ensure that the temperature inside the extraction vessel 300 is always maintained at 35°C.

[0041] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 1 The second discharge port on the separator 400 is connected to a carbon dioxide recovery device 900b. The carbon dioxide recovery device 900b is used to recover gaseous carbon dioxide for reuse. It is understood that since the discharged carbon dioxide may carry some ethanol or some gaseous water, it is necessary to adsorb impurities in the discharged carbon dioxide. After purification, the carbon dioxide gas is converted into liquid carbon dioxide for storage through pressurization and cooling.

[0042] It should be understood that, referring to Figure 1 The third pipeline 700 is equipped with a first shut-off valve 710, which is used to control the flow and shut-off of gaseous substances. The first shut-off valve 710 is a conventional setting in this field and will not be described in detail.

[0043] It is conceivable that, referring to Figure 1 A second shut-off valve 900 is provided on the second discharge port of the extraction vessel 300. The second shut-off valve 900 is used to control the flow and shut-off of solid and liquid substances. The second shut-off valve 900 is a conventional setting in this field and will not be described in detail.

[0044] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0045] Of course, this utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of this utility model. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant, characterized in that, include: Raw material storage tank (100), storing fluid raw materials; A carbon dioxide storage tank (200) is used to store liquid carbon dioxide; An extraction vessel (300) has its first inlet connected to the outlet of a carbon dioxide storage tank (200) via a first pipe (500). The first pipe (500) is equipped with a first booster (510) and a first heat exchanger (520), which are used to convert liquid carbon dioxide into a supercritical state. The second inlet of the extraction vessel (300) is connected to the outlet of a raw material storage tank (100) via a second pipe (600). The carbon dioxide storage tank (200) is used to input supercritical carbon dioxide into the extraction vessel (300), and the raw material storage tank (100) is used to input raw materials into the extraction vessel (300). The separation vessel (400) has its inlet connected to the first outlet of the extraction vessel (300) via a third pipe (700). The first outlet of the separation vessel (400) is used to discharge the extract, and the second outlet of the separation vessel (400) is used to discharge gaseous carbon dioxide. The second discharge port of the extraction vessel (300) is located at the bottom of the extraction vessel (300) and is used to discharge the waste material after extraction.

2. The extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second pipeline (600) is equipped with a second booster (610) and a second heat exchanger (620). The second booster (610) is used to drive the raw material to flow into the extraction vessel (300), and the second heat exchanger (620) is used to heat the raw material.

3. The extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation vessel (400) is provided with a third discharge port, which is connected to the third inlet of the extraction vessel (300) through a fourth pipe (800), so that the entrainer can flow into the extraction vessel (300) for reuse.

4. The extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fourth pipeline (800) is equipped with a third booster (810) and a third heat exchanger (820). The third booster (810) is used to drive the entrainer into the extraction vessel (300), and the third heat exchanger (820) is used to heat the entrainer.

5. An extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 3, characterized in that, The entrainer is an aqueous solution of ethanol.

6. The extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 3, characterized in that, Temperature detection instruments (900a) are provided on the first pipe (500), the second pipe (600), the third pipe (700), the fourth pipe (800), the extraction vessel (300), and the separation vessel (400). The temperature detection instruments (900a) are used to detect the temperature at the corresponding connection points.

7. An extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 6, characterized in that, The extraction vessel (300) is equipped with three temperature measuring instruments (900a). The three temperature measuring instruments (900a) are evenly spaced on the extraction vessel (300). The arrangement of the three temperature measuring instruments (900a) can more comprehensively detect the temperature at various locations of the extraction vessel (300).

8. An extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second discharge port on the separation vessel (400) is connected to a carbon dioxide recovery device (900b), which is used to recover gaseous carbon dioxide for reuse.

9. An extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third pipeline (700) is equipped with a first shut-off valve (710), which is used to control the flow and shut-off of gaseous substances.

10. An extraction apparatus using supercritical carbon dioxide as the extractant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extraction vessel (300) is equipped with a second shut-off valve (900) at its second outlet. The second shut-off valve (900) is used to control the flow and shut-off of solid and liquid substances.

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