A device for dismounting a shaft end cover of a motor train unit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of for motor train unit axle end cover dismounting device, including mounting seat and three structures same fixed support, each fixed support includes adjusting arm, fixed claw and displacement adjusting rod, each displacement adjusting rod is vertically arranged and with each adjusting arm one-to-one correspondence, each adjusting arm is horizontally arranged and one end is rotatably fixedly connected with mounting seat and rotation axis is vertically arranged, other end is threadedly connected with a vertical displacement adjusting rod;The rotation axis of three adjusting arms coincides;Each fixed claw upper end is slidably connected with an adjusting arm and located between a corresponding displacement adjusting rod and mounting seat, lower end is horizontally protruded with dog claw on the side close to mounting seat, dog claw can be abutted and fixed with axle end cover;Each displacement adjusting rod can be moved up and down relative to adjusting arm, the bottom end of each displacement adjusting rod can be abutted with axle end, and the axle end cover of motor train unit axle end can be quickly dismounted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of axle end cover disassembly technology, specifically relating to a device for disassembling axle end covers of high-speed trains. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the axle ends of high-speed trains are an important component of the bogie, containing operational safety monitoring equipment such as speed measuring gears and temperature sensors. They also participate in train control logic triggering based on measurement feedback. During maintenance, the axle end covers are disassembled to inspect the monitoring equipment for visual appearance and performance testing. However, during maintenance, it was discovered that in addition to using M12 bolts to fix the axle end covers to the axle ends, a process of applying zinc chromate primer to the mating surface was used. This primer itself is adhesive, and the long maintenance cycle results in the mating surface remaining in an adhesive state. Even after the fixing bolts are removed during disassembly, the end cover still cannot be removed. Currently, the only method is to manually scrape off the zinc chromate primer, then use a rubber mallet to tap and adjust it, slowly removing the end cover through force displacement—a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. An 8-car trainset has 64 axle end covers, and the disassembly of some axle end covers takes 4-5 hours, severely impacting production progress.

[0003] During maintenance, it was discovered that in addition to using M12 bolts to fix the axle end caps to the axle ends, a zinc chromate primer was applied to the mating surface. This primer itself is adhesive, and the long maintenance cycle resulted in the mating surface remaining stuck, making it impossible to remove the end caps even after the fixing bolts were removed. Currently, the only method is to manually scrape off the zinc chromate primer, then use a rubber mallet to tap and adjust it, slowly removing the end cap through force displacement. This is time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it inconvenient to disassemble the axle end caps of the EMU train sets. An 8-car EMU train set has 64 axle end caps, and disassembling a single axle end cap takes 4-5 hours, severely impacting production progress.

[0004] Therefore, a new technology is needed to solve the problem of how to quickly disassemble the axle end caps of high-speed trains in existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train, which can quickly disassemble the axle end cover of a high-speed train.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A device for disassembling end caps of high-speed train axles includes a mounting base and at least three identical fixed supports. Each fixed support includes an adjusting arm, a fixing claw, and a displacement adjusting rod. Each displacement adjusting rod is vertically arranged and corresponds one-to-one with each adjusting arm. Each adjusting arm is horizontally arranged, with one end rotatably fixedly connected to the mounting base and its rotation axis is vertically arranged, and the other end threadedly connected to a vertically arranged displacement adjusting rod. The rotation axes of the three adjusting arms coincide.

[0008] Each of the fixed claws has its upper end slidably connected to an adjusting arm and located between a corresponding displacement adjusting rod and the mounting base. The lower end of each claw has a horizontally protruding claw on the side near the mounting base, and the claw can abut against and fix the shaft end cover. Each of the displacement adjusting rods can move up and down relative to the adjusting arm, and the bottom end of each displacement adjusting rod can abut against the shaft end.

[0009] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the mounting base includes a first main body, a second main body and a first screw. The first main body and the second main body are symmetrically arranged. The upper end of the first main body is provided with a first annular groove with the opening facing upward, and the lower end of the second main body is provided with a second annular groove with the opening facing downward. The inner diameter and outer diameter of the second annular groove are the same as those of the first annular groove.

[0010] The second main body is provided with a second central hole coaxial with the second annular groove, and the diameter of the second central hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the second annular groove; the first main body is provided with a first central hole coaxial with the first annular groove, and the diameter of the first central hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the first annular groove; the first screw passes through the first central hole and the second central hole to fix the first main body and the second main body;

[0011] Each of the adjusting arms has a positioning block at the end away from the displacement adjusting rod. The height of the positioning block in the vertical direction is greater than the height of the adjusting arm. The upper and lower ends of the positioning block can be inserted into the second annular groove and the first annular groove, respectively. The upper and lower ends of the positioning block can move synchronously along the second annular groove and the first annular groove.

[0012] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the first annular groove is provided with a first protrusion at its center, the first central hole is located at the center of the first protrusion, and the outer side of the first protrusion forms the inner wall of the first annular groove; the second annular groove is provided with a second protrusion at its center, the second central hole is located at the center of the second protrusion, and the outer side of the second protrusion forms the inner wall of the second annular groove.

[0013] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, each of the displacement adjustment rods is threadedly connected to the corresponding adjustment arm, and each of the adjustment arms has a first threaded hole vertically provided at the end away from the mounting base, through which the displacement adjustment rod can pass.

[0014] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, a first elastic pad is installed at the bottom end of each displacement adjustment rod.

[0015] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, it also includes a connecting member corresponding to each of the displacement adjusting rods. The end of the adjusting arm away from the mounting base is provided with a guide groove. Each of the connecting members is slidably connected to one of the adjusting arms. The connecting member can move horizontally along the corresponding guide groove.

[0016] Each of the first threaded holes is located on a connector. The displacement adjusting rod can pass through the corresponding connector and guide groove in the vertical direction. The displacement adjusting rod can move horizontally in the guide groove along the length of the guide groove. When the displacement adjusting rod moves horizontally, it can move closer to or further away from the mounting base.

[0017] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the connector is ring-shaped, the end of the adjusting arm away from the mounting base is provided with an adjusting part, the guide groove is provided on the adjusting part, the connector is horizontally provided with a horizontal through hole through which the adjusting part can pass, the displacement adjusting rod passes through the upper end of the connector, the guide groove and the lower end of the connector in sequence from top to bottom, and the first threaded hole is provided at the upper end or the lower end of the connector.

[0018] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, the fixing claw includes a fixing member, a connecting block and a second screw. The upper part of the connecting block is slidably connected to the corresponding adjusting arm, and the lower end is provided with a second threaded hole that matches the second screw. The fixing member is used to fix the connecting block and the corresponding adjusting arm, and the second screw forms the claw.

[0019] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, a second elastic pad is installed at the end of each second screw near the mounting base.

[0020] As a further improvement to the technical solution of this utility model, it also includes a third screw and a third nut that match each other. The adjusting arm is also provided with a fixing block. The fixing block is located between the adjusting part and the connecting block. The third screw passes horizontally through the fixing block and the connecting block in sequence. The connecting block is provided with a third threaded hole that matches the third screw in a horizontal manner. The third nut is a locking nut and is used to fix the third screw to the fixing block. The third screw forms the fixing member. The third screw and the second screw are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the adjusting arm and are spaced apart from the adjusting arm.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] The device for removing the axle end cover of this EMU uses three fixed claws to fix the axle end cover circumferentially. By screwing on three displacement adjustment rods, the rods move downward relative to the adjustment arms. Since each adjustment arm is fixed to the axle end cover by the fixed claws, the adjustment arm can move upward relative to the displacement adjustment rods, thereby driving the axle end cover upward and quickly removing the axle end cover from the axle end. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure of section A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the overall structure and the shaft end cover during the use of this utility model.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 1-Mounting base; 11-First body; 111-First annular groove; 112-First protrusion; 12-Second body; 13-First screw;

[0029] 2-Fixed bracket; 21-Adjusting arm; 211-Positioning block; 212-Guide rail; 213-Adjusting part; 214-Guide groove; 215-Fixed block; 22-Fixed claw; 221-Fixed component; 222-Connecting block; 223-Claw; 224-Second elastic pad; 23-Displacement adjusting rod; 231-First elastic pad; 24-Connecting component; 241-First threaded hole; 242-Horizontal through hole;

[0030] 3-Shaft end;

[0031] 4-Shaft end cap. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of this utility model in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, solution, and effects of this utility model. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The same reference numerals used throughout the drawings indicate the same or similar parts.

[0033] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or it can be indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Furthermore, the descriptions of "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" used in this utility model are only relative to the relative positional relationships of the various components of this utility model in the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 3 A device for disassembling axle end caps of high-speed trains includes a mounting base 1 and at least three identical fixed supports 2. Each fixed support 2 includes an adjusting arm 21, a fixing claw 22, and a displacement adjusting rod 23. Each displacement adjusting rod 23 is vertically arranged and corresponds one-to-one with each adjusting arm 21. Each adjusting arm 21 is horizontally arranged, with one end rotatably fixedly connected to the mounting base 1 and its rotation axis vertically arranged, and the other end threadedly connected to a vertically arranged displacement adjusting rod 23. The rotation axes of the three adjusting arms 21 coincide. Preferably, there are three fixed supports 2, which can maintain stability during use and facilitate operation.

[0036] Each of the fixed claws 22 has its upper end slidably fixedly connected to an adjusting arm 21. The connection point between the fixed claw 22 and the adjusting arm 21 along the length of the adjusting arm 21 is located between a corresponding displacement adjusting rod 23 and the mounting base 1. The fixed claw 22 can move along the adjusting arm 21 to adjust its position. After adjusting to an appropriate position, the fixed claw 22 and the adjusting arm 21 can be fixed together. A horizontally protruding claw 223 is provided on the lower end of the fixed claw 22 near the mounting base 1. The end of the claw 223 near the mounting base 1 can abut against and fix to the shaft end cover 4. The claw 223 abuts against and fixes to the outer surface of the shaft end cover 4, or the claw 223 extends horizontally into the end of the shaft end cover 4 near the shaft end 3 and abuts against its end face. For example, when the upper end face of the shaft end cover 4 is away from the shaft end 3, the claw 223 can extend into the lower part of the shaft end cover 4 and abut against the bottom surface of the shaft end cover 4. Each of the displacement adjustment rods 23 can move up and down relative to the adjustment arm 21, and the bottom end of each of the displacement adjustment rods 23 can abut against the shaft end 3.

[0037] The device for disassembling the axle end cover of the EMU using this solution fixes three adjusting arms 21 to the same node through the mounting base 1. The three adjusting arms 21 rotate around the same central axis. Each adjusting arm 21 is equipped with a fixing claw 22. The cleats 223 on the three fixing claws 22 can clamp the axle end cover 4 at different angles. The relative positions of the three adjusting arms 21 can be adjusted to securely clamp the axle end cover 4. Each adjusting arm 21 has a displacement adjusting rod 23 installed at its outer end. With the ends of the displacement adjusting rods 23 pressed against the rotating arm and the flat position of the shaft end 3, and the shaft end cover 4 clamped by the three fixing claws 22, the lower ends of each displacement adjusting rod 23 cannot move further downwards because they are in contact with the shaft end 3. That is, at this point, each displacement adjusting rod 23 cannot move along its length towards the shaft end 3. Each displacement adjusting rod 23 can be a threaded rod. By rotating the three displacement adjusting rods 23 individually or simultaneously, they can be made to move downwards, causing the three adjusting arms 21 to move upwards, i.e., moving away from the shaft end 3. The shaft end cover 4 then moves accordingly and can separate from the shaft end 3. Specifically, rotating the three displacement adjusting rods 23 drives the adjusting arms 21 and the connecting block 222, causing the claws 223 and the second elastic pad 224 to clamp the shaft end cover 4 and move synchronously outwards away from the shaft end 3, thus separating the shaft end cover 4 from the shaft end 3. Because the shaft end cap 4 is clamped and fixed laterally. Figure 3 The shaft end cover 4 is separated from the shaft end 3 upwards, allowing for quick removal of the shaft end cover 4 and ensuring maintenance efficiency. When there are only one or two workers, the three displacement adjustment rods 23 can be rotated one by one. Since the entire device, except for the elastic pad, is made of metal, temporary individual rotation will not damage the device. When there are more workers, the three displacement adjustment rods 23 can be rotated simultaneously.

[0038] Specifically, the mounting base 1 includes a first body 11, a second body 12, and a first screw 13. The first screw 13 has a matching first nut, which is a locking nut, preferably an M10 locking nut. The first body 11 and the second body 12 are symmetrically arranged. The upper end of the first body 11 has a first annular groove 111 with its opening facing upwards, and the lower end of the second body 12 has a second annular groove with its opening facing downwards. The inner and outer diameters of the second annular groove and the first annular groove 111 are the same. The second body 12 has a second central hole coaxial with the second annular groove, and the diameter of the second central hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the second annular groove. The first body 11 has a first central hole coaxial with the first annular groove 111, and the diameter of the first central hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the first annular groove 111. The first screw 13 passes through the first central hole and the second central hole to fix the first body 11 and the second body 12. Each adjusting arm 21 has a positioning block 211 at the end away from the displacement adjusting rod 23. The vertical height of the positioning block 211 is greater than the height of the adjusting arm 21. The upper and lower ends of the positioning block 211 can be inserted into the second annular groove and the first annular groove 111, respectively. The upper and lower ends of the positioning block 211 can move synchronously along the second annular groove and the first annular groove 111. By moving the positioning block 211, the position of each displacement adjusting rod 23 can be adjusted. The first screw 13 can also be a bolt or a long bolt structure to achieve a detachable fixed connection between the first body 11 and the second body 12.

[0039] Specifically, the first annular groove 111 has a first protrusion at its center, the first central hole is located at the center of the first protrusion, and the outer side of the first protrusion forms the inner wall of the first annular groove 111; the second annular groove has a second protrusion at its center, the second central hole is located at the center of the second protrusion, and the outer side of the second protrusion forms the inner wall of the second annular groove.

[0040] Specifically, each of the displacement adjustment rods 23 is threadedly connected to the corresponding adjustment arm 21, and each of the adjustment arms 21 has a first threaded hole 241 vertically provided at the end away from the mounting base 1, through which the displacement adjustment rod 23 can pass.

[0041] Specifically, the device for disassembling the axle end cover of the EMU in this solution also includes connecting members 24 corresponding to each of the displacement adjusting rods 23. The end of the adjusting arm 21 away from the mounting base 1 is provided with a guide groove 214. Each connecting member 24 is slidably connected to an adjusting arm 21, and the connecting member 24 can move horizontally along the corresponding guide groove 214. Each first threaded hole 241 is located on a connecting member 24. The displacement adjusting rod 23 can pass vertically through the corresponding connecting member 24 and the guide groove 214. The displacement adjusting rod 23 can move horizontally within the guide groove 214 along its length. When moving horizontally, the displacement adjusting rod 23 can move closer to or further away from the mounting base 1.

[0042] Specifically, the connector 24 is annular, the adjusting arm 21 has an adjusting part 213 at the end away from the mounting base 1, the guide groove 214 is provided on the adjusting part 213, the connector 24 has a horizontal through hole 242 through which the adjusting part 213 can pass, the displacement adjusting rod 23 passes through the upper end of the connector 24, the guide groove 214 and the lower end of the connector 24 from top to bottom, and the first threaded hole 241 is provided at the upper or lower end of the connector 24.

[0043] Specifically, the fixing claw 22 includes a fixing member 221, a connecting block 222, and a second screw. The upper part of the connecting block 222 is slidably connected to the corresponding adjusting arm 21, and the lower end is provided with a second threaded hole that matches the second screw. The fixing member 221 is used to fix the connecting block 222 to the corresponding adjusting arm 21, and the second screw forms the claw 223.

[0044] Specifically, the upper end face of the adjusting arm 21 is also provided with a guide rail 212. The length direction of the guide rail 212 is parallel to the length direction of the adjusting arm 21. The guide rail 212 is located between the fixed block 215 and the positioning block 211. For the through hole provided on the connecting block 222, which allows the end of the adjusting arm 21 away from the adjusting part 213 to pass through, a guide groove matching and engaging with the guide rail 212 is provided in the through hole. That is, the cross section of the adjusting arm 21 at the structure of the guide rail 212 is adapted to the cross section of the through hole on the connecting block 222. The setting of the guide rail 212 allows the connecting block 222 to slide smoothly on the adjusting arm 21 without rotating relative to the adjusting arm 21.

[0045] Specifically, each displacement adjusting rod 23 has a first elastic pad 231 installed at its bottom end, and each second screw has a second elastic pad 224 installed at its end near the mounting base 1. Both the first elastic pad 231 and the second elastic pad 224 are elastic, made of rubber, and have the same structure. Both can be formed using a sleeve-type structure with one end closed, and can be fitted onto the corresponding screw end. During the removal of the shaft end cover 4, the parts in contact with the shaft end cover 4 will not be damaged, improving disassembly and maintenance efficiency while ensuring disassembly quality. Without damaging the appearance of the shaft end cover 4, the three second screws on the three fixing claws 22 clamp the shaft end cover 4 together, and then the nut at the top of the displacement adjusting rod 23 is turned to move the shaft end cover 4 outwards, solving the difficulty of disassembling the shaft end cover 4.

[0046] Specifically, the device for disassembling the axle end cover of the EMU in this solution also includes a third screw, and a matching third nut can be provided on the third screw. The adjusting arm 21 is also provided with a fixing block 215. The connection structure between the adjusting arm 21 and the fixing block 215 can be an integral connection structure. The fixing block 215 is located between the adjusting part 213 and the connecting block 222. The third screw passes horizontally through the fixing block 215 and the connecting block 222. The connecting block 222 is provided with a third threaded hole that matches the third screw. The third nut is a locking nut and is used to fix the third screw to the fixing block 215. The third screw forms the fixing member 221. The third screw and the second screw are located on the upper and lower sides of the adjusting arm 21 respectively and are spaced apart from the adjusting arm 21. The fixing block 215 can be provided with a threaded hole structure that is threadedly connected to the fixing member 221. The end of the third screw away from the connecting block 222 is provided with a nut structure. During assembly, the connecting block 222 is moved to an appropriate position, referring to... Figure 1 After the third screw is threadedly connected to the fixing block 215 and the connecting block 222, the shaft end cover 4 is clamped by rotating the screws corresponding to each claw 223 during use. Alternatively, a through hole structure for the fixing member 221 to pass through can be provided on the fixing block 215, and the locking nut can be set between the fixing block 215 and the connecting block 222 and pressed against the fixing block 215 so that the fixing block 215 and the fixing member 221 are relatively fixed.

[0047] The axle end cover removal device of this scheme can quickly remove the axle end cover 4 without damaging it, ensuring maintenance efficiency. This scheme uses three identical fixing claws 22, which connect the first body 11 and the second body 12 via a first screw 13 or bolt on the fixing seat 1 and a matching locking nut. The locking nut matching the first screw 13 or bolt can be an M10 locking nut, and the three adjusting arms 21 are fixed by rotating the corresponding locking nut on the first screw 13 or bolt. The axes of the three second screws can be located on the same plane, that is, on the same plane perpendicular to the axis of the first screw 13. The ends of the three claws 223 are equipped with rubber pads and clamp the axle end cover 4 at different angles on the same plane. The three displacement adjusting rods 23 correspond to the three fixing claws 22 respectively, and can be subjected to force simultaneously. Similarly, the three displacement adjusting rods 23 are pressed against the rotating arm of the shaft end 3 and / or the flat position of the shaft end 3 by the rubber pads installed at their ends. With the shaft end cover 4 clamped by the three fixing claws 22, the locking nuts of M10 on the three displacement adjusting rods 23 are rotated to drive the three fixing claws 22 to exert force outward in a lateral angle, thereby causing the shaft end cover 4 to separate from the shaft end 3. Among them, one end of the three adjusting arms 21 is threaded to the displacement adjusting rod 23, and the middle part is perpendicular to and slidably fixed to the connecting block 222. The upper and lower ends of the positioning blocks 211 at the ends of the three adjusting arms 21 can be simultaneously inserted into the second annular groove and the first annular groove 111. Moving the corresponding positioning block 211 along the second annular groove or the first annular groove 111 can adjust the relative position of the corresponding displacement adjusting rod 23. After the position is adjusted, the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be fixed by the first screw 13 and the corresponding locking nut. The first body 11 and the second body 12 can clamp the three positioning blocks 211 or the corresponding three adjusting arms 21. The lower part of the first screw 13 is fitted with a locking nut, and the upper end is equipped with a nut structure. The cross-sectional dimensions of the nut and the nut are larger than the dimensions of the first center hole and the second center hole. Before use, the angle is adjusted according to the landing position of the rubber pad at the end of the displacement adjusting rod 23, and then the locking nut is used to fix the three adjusting arms 21. The adjusting arm 21 is composed of a two-section structure. The length of the pawl 223 between the connecting block 222 and the mounting base 1 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the shaft end cover 4. By rotating the adjusting arm 21, the position of the three adjusting arms 21 relative to the mounting base 1 can be adjusted to ensure that the fixing pawl 22 and the displacement adjusting rod 23 can land and apply force according to different shaft end 3 structures. Among them, the three positioning blocks 211 are the same size, and the first center hole and the second center hole are coaxial and have the same diameter.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] In this embodiment, the structure of the mounting base 1 and the structure of the end of the adjusting arm 21 away from the displacement adjusting rod 23 differ from that in Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, each adjusting arm 21 has a through hole at the end away from the displacement adjusting rod 23. The first screw 13 passes through three of these through holes sequentially from top to bottom. The first nut is installed below the three adjusting arms 21, and a nut structure is provided at the upper end of the first screw 13. One end of each adjusting arm 21 is threaded to the displacement adjusting rod 23, and the middle part is perpendicularly and slidably fixedly connected to the connecting block 222. The other end has a through hole with a circular cross-section. A screw or bolt structure passes through the three through holes, and the three adjusting arms 21 are strung on the same screw or bolt. A matching M10 locking nut is fitted on the lower part of the screw, and a nut is provided at the upper end. The cross-sectional dimensions of both the nut and the bolt are larger than the size of the through hole. Before use, the angle is adjusted according to the landing position of the rubber pad at the end of the displacement adjusting rod 23, and then the locking nut is used to fix the three adjusting arms 21. The adjusting arm 21 consists of a two-section structure. Through the corresponding first screw 13 and first nut structure, and by adjusting the length of the pawl 223 according to the diameter of the shaft end cover 4, it is ensured that the fixed pawl 22 and the displacement adjusting rod 23 can land and exert force according to different shaft end 3 structures.

[0050] Other aspects of the device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train described in this utility model are found in the prior art and will not be repeated here.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for disassembling end caps of a high-speed train axle, characterized in that: The device includes a mounting base and at least three identical fixed supports. Each fixed support includes an adjusting arm, a fixing claw, and a displacement adjusting rod. Each displacement adjusting rod is vertically arranged and corresponds one-to-one with each adjusting arm. Each adjusting arm is horizontally arranged, with one end rotatably fixedly connected to the mounting base and its rotation axis is vertically arranged. The other end is threadedly connected to a vertically arranged displacement adjusting rod. The rotation axes of the three adjusting arms coincide. Each of the fixed claws has its upper end slidably connected to an adjusting arm and located between a corresponding displacement adjusting rod and the mounting base. The lower end of each claw has a horizontally protruding claw on the side near the mounting base, and the claw can abut against and fix the shaft end cover. Each of the displacement adjusting rods can move up and down relative to the adjusting arm, and the bottom end of each displacement adjusting rod can abut against the shaft end.

2. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base includes a first body, a second body, and a first screw. The first body and the second body are symmetrically arranged. The upper end of the first body is provided with a first annular groove with the opening facing upward, and the lower end of the second body is provided with a second annular groove with the opening facing downward. The inner diameter and outer diameter of the second annular groove are the same as those of the first annular groove. The second main body is provided with a second central hole coaxial with the second annular groove, and the diameter of the second central hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the second annular groove; the first main body is provided with a first central hole coaxial with the first annular groove, and the diameter of the first central hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the first annular groove; the first screw passes through the first central hole and the second central hole to fix the first main body and the second main body; Each of the adjusting arms has a positioning block at the end away from the displacement adjusting rod. The height of the positioning block in the vertical direction is greater than the height of the adjusting arm. The upper and lower ends of the positioning block can be inserted into the second annular groove and the first annular groove, respectively. The upper and lower ends of the positioning block can move synchronously along the second annular groove and the first annular groove.

3. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first annular groove has a first protruding post at its center, the first central hole is located at the center of the first protruding post, and the outer side of the first protruding post forms the inner wall of the first annular groove; the second annular groove has a second protruding post at its center, the second central hole is located at the center of the second protruding post, and the outer side of the second protruding post forms the inner wall of the second annular groove.

4. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the displacement adjusting rods is threadedly connected to the corresponding adjusting arm, and each adjusting arm has a first threaded hole at the end away from the mounting base, through which the displacement adjusting rod can pass.

5. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each displacement adjustment rod has a first elastic pad installed at its bottom end.

6. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes connectors that correspond one-to-one with each of the displacement adjustment rods. The end of the adjustment arm away from the mounting base is provided with a guide groove. Each connector is slidably connected to one of the adjustment arms. The connector can move horizontally along the corresponding guide groove. Each of the first threaded holes is located on a connector. The displacement adjusting rod can pass through the corresponding connector and guide groove in the vertical direction. The displacement adjusting rod can move horizontally in the guide groove along the length of the guide groove. When the displacement adjusting rod moves horizontally, it can move closer to or further away from the mounting base.

7. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connector is ring-shaped, and the end of the adjusting arm away from the mounting base is provided with an adjusting part. The guide groove is provided on the adjusting part. The connector is horizontally provided with a horizontal through hole through which the adjusting part can pass. The displacement adjusting rod passes through the upper end of the connector, the guide groove, and the lower end of the connector in sequence from top to bottom. The first threaded hole is provided at the upper or lower end of the connector.

8. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing claw includes a fixing member, a connecting block, and a second screw. The upper part of the connecting block is slidably connected to the corresponding adjusting arm, and the lower end is provided with a second threaded hole that matches the second screw. The fixing member is used to fix the connecting block to the corresponding adjusting arm, and the second screw forms the claw.

9. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the second screws has a second elastic pad installed at the end near the mounting base.

10. The device for disassembling the axle end cover of a high-speed train according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fixed bracket further includes a third screw and a third nut that match each other. The adjusting arm is also provided with a fixing block. The fixing block is located between the adjusting part and the connecting block. The third screw passes horizontally through the fixing block and the connecting block in sequence. The connecting block is provided with a third threaded hole that matches the third screw in a horizontal manner. The third nut is a locking nut and is used to fix the third screw to the fixing block. The third screw forms the fixing member. The third screw and the second screw are located on the upper and lower sides of the adjusting arm, respectively, and are spaced apart from the adjusting arm.

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