Gravity caisson wharf

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gravity type caisson wharf, including caisson body, filling material, upper structure, riprap bed, foot protection structure and mooring facility, the inside division of caisson body has several vertical compartments, filling material fills in the compartment of caisson body, upper structure cast in situ is in the top of caisson body, and the upper structure includes concrete breast wall and wharf panel, and the concrete breast wall is located in the seaside side edge, and the wharf panel covers caisson top surface horizontally, the foot protection structure is stacked in the sea bed surface around caisson body and includes riprapping prism and surface protection block, the utility model caisson body inside compartment fills and constructs sandstone aggregate or low strength concrete as filling material, compared with traditional solid structure, the amount of material such as concrete is reduced, in the foot protection structure that the sea bed surface around caisson is stacked, riprapping prism is close to caisson foot arrangement, and the outside slope surface covers the twist wang character block as surface protection block, can effectively resist the scour of water flow and wave to the foundation edge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of caisson wharf devices, specifically a gravity-type caisson wharf. Background Technology

[0002] Caisson wharves are a common deep-water wharf structure in waterway engineering. They are widely used in port construction due to their advantages such as rapid construction, strong integrity, and adaptability to a wide range of water depths. They utilize prefabricated caissons as the main load-bearing units, relying on their own weight and internal filling materials to balance horizontal loads, and are combined with the superstructure and foundation protection system to form a wharf operation platform.

[0003] Traditional caisson wharves have several drawbacks: First, they have weak erosion resistance, with the foundation edges easily eroded by water flow and waves, leading to erosion pits on the seabed, soil loss, and affecting the long-term stability of the structure. Second, the structure is too heavy, and due to the use of solid construction or high-density filling and thick sidewalls, it not only increases the amount and cost of materials such as concrete and steel, but also places stringent requirements on the bearing capacity of the foundation. In areas with soft soil foundations, complex treatment is required, extending the construction period and increasing investment. Third, some structures lack optimized water drainage and foundation permeability design, which can easily generate additional stress leading to cracks. In addition, inadequate foundation protection accelerates the erosion of the caisson's bottom and shortens its service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] (I) Technical Issues

[0005] This utility model aims to provide a gravity caisson wharf to solve the problems of traditional caisson wharves, such as weak scour resistance, heavy structural weight, high material consumption, and stringent foundation bearing capacity requirements, thereby improving the long-term stability and economy of the wharf structure.

[0006] (II) Technical Content

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a gravity caisson wharf, comprising a caisson body, filling material, superstructure, riprap foundation, keel protection structure, and mooring facilities; the riprap foundation is laid on the seabed as a foundation bearing layer; the caisson body is hoisted and placed on top of the riprap foundation, and the interior of the caisson body is divided into several vertical compartments; the filling material is filled into the compartments of the caisson body; the superstructure is cast-in-place on top of the caisson body, and the superstructure includes a concrete breast wall and a wharf panel, the concrete breast wall is located on the seaward edge, and the wharf panel horizontally covers the top surface of the caisson; the keel protection structure is stacked on the seabed surface around the caisson body, including riprap prisms and facing blocks; the mooring facilities are pre-embedded and fixed to the top of the breast wall, including mooring bollards and rubber fenders.

[0008] Furthermore, the caisson body is a precast reinforced concrete structure with a rectangular cross-section and drainage holes on the side walls, the inside of which is covered with a geotextile filter layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the filling material is sand and gravel aggregate or low-strength concrete.

[0010] Furthermore, the breast wall of the superstructure is connected to the caisson body by pre-reserved steel bars, forming an integral load-bearing structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the riprap prism of the foot protection structure is arranged close to the bottom of the caisson, and the protective block adopts a king-shaped block and covers the outer slope surface of the riprap prism.

[0012] (III) Technical Effects

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: The caisson body adopts a precast reinforced concrete rectangular cross-section structure, with internal compartments filled with sand and gravel aggregate or low-strength concrete as filling material. Compared with traditional solid structures, this significantly reduces the structural self-weight, the amount of concrete and other materials used, and lowers prefabrication and transportation costs. Using a riprap foundation as the bearing layer effectively disperses the load transmitted by the caisson. Combined with the reduced structural self-weight, the pressure on the foundation can be reduced by more than 30%, lowering the stringent requirements on the foundation bearing capacity. This is particularly suitable for soft soil foundation areas, reducing the amount and cost of foundation treatment. In the protective structure stacked on the seabed around the caisson, riprap prisms are arranged close to the bottom of the caisson, and the outer slope is covered with T-shaped blocks as protective blocks, effectively resisting the erosion of the foundation edges by water flow and waves. Simultaneously, the drainage holes on the side walls of the caisson and the geotextile filter layer covering the inner side balance the water pressure inside and outside the caisson, preventing structural damage caused by water erosion and significantly improving the long-term stability of the wharf structure. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a gravity-type caisson wharf according to this utility model. Figure 1 .

[0015] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a gravity-type caisson wharf according to this utility model. Figure 2 .

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a gravity caisson wharf according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a left-side structural schematic diagram of a gravity-type caisson wharf according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a gravity-type caisson wharf according to this utility model.

[0019] As shown in the figure: 1. Caisson body; 2. Filling material; 4. Rockfill foundation; 5. Foot protection structure; 101. Compartment; 301. Concrete breast wall; 302. Dock panel; 601. Mooring bollard; 602. Rubber fender; 102. Drainage hole; 103. Geotextile filter layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "center", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation structure and operation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "provided with," "installed," "connected," "linked," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Combined with appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 5 A gravity-type caisson pier includes a caisson body 1, filling material 2, superstructure, riprap foundation 4, foot protection structure 5, and mooring facilities. The riprap foundation 4 is laid on the seabed as a foundation bearing layer. The caisson body 1 is hoisted and placed on top of the riprap foundation 4, and the interior of the caisson body 1 is divided into several vertical compartments 101. The filling material 2 is filled into the compartments 101 of the caisson body 1. The superstructure is cast-in-place on top of the caisson body 1 and includes a concrete breast wall 301 and a pier panel 302. The concrete breast wall 301 is located on the seaward edge, and the pier panel 302 horizontally covers the top surface of the caisson. The foot protection structure 5 is stacked on the seabed around the caisson body 1 and includes riprap prisms and protective blocks. The mooring facilities are pre-embedded and fixed to the top of the breast wall 301 and include mooring bollards 601 and rubber fenders 602.

[0024] The caisson body 1 is a precast reinforced concrete structure with a rectangular cross-section and drainage holes 102 on the side wall. The drainage holes 102 are covered with a geotextile filter layer 103. The filling material 2 is sand and gravel aggregate or low-strength concrete.

[0025] The upper structure's breast wall 301 is connected to the caisson body 1 by pre-reserved steel bars, forming an integral load-bearing structure. The riprap prism of the foot protection structure 5 is arranged close to the bottom of the caisson, and the protective block adopts a twisted king-shaped block and covers the outer slope surface of the riprap prism.

[0026] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: First, the riprap foundation 4 is laid on the seabed foundation, providing a basic load-bearing layer for the entire structure, distributing the upper load to the foundation, and reducing the stress per unit area of ​​the foundation. The caisson body 1 is hoisted and placed on top of the riprap foundation 4. Its rectangular cross-section of the precast reinforced concrete structure provides a stable frame. The internally divided vertical compartments 101 are filled with sand and gravel aggregate or low-strength concrete and other filling materials 2. The filling materials 2 and the self-weight of the caisson body 1 form a downward gravity, balancing the horizontal forces generated by ship berthing, etc. The drainage holes 102 provided on the side wall of the caisson body 1 can realize the exchange of water inside and outside the caisson when the water level changes. The geotextile filter layer 103 covering the inner side can prevent the loss of the filling materials 2 and eliminate the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the caisson structure. The superstructure is cast-in-place on top of the caisson body 1. The concrete breast wall 301, located at the seaward edge, is connected to the caisson body 1 via pre-reserved reinforcing bars to form an integral load-bearing structure, enhancing its resistance to horizontal forces. The wharf panel 302 horizontally covers the top of the caisson, providing a working platform. The foot protection structure 5 is stacked around the seabed surface of the caisson body 1, with riprap prisms arranged close to the caisson's base. The outer slope is covered with protective blocks such as zigzag blocks, which together resist the erosion of the surrounding foundation by water flow and waves, protecting the foundation's stability. Mooring facilities are pre-embedded and fixed to the top of the breast wall 301. Mooring bollards 601 are used to moor vessels, while rubber fenders 602 act as a buffer when vessels approach the shore, preventing direct collisions and damage to the breast wall.

[0027] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity-type caisson wharf, characterized in that, It includes the caisson body (1), filling material (2), superstructure, riprap foundation (4), foot protection structure (5) and mooring facilities; The riprap foundation (4) is laid on the seabed foundation as a foundation bearing layer; the caisson body (1) is hoisted and placed on top of the riprap foundation (4), and the interior of the caisson body (1) is divided into several vertical compartments (101); the filling material (2) is filled into the compartments (101) of the caisson body (1); the superstructure is cast in place on top of the caisson body (1), and the superstructure includes a concrete breast wall (301) and a wharf panel (302). The concrete breast wall (301) is located on the seaward side edge, and the wharf panel (302) horizontally covers the top surface of the caisson. The foot protection structure (5) is stacked on the seabed surface around the caisson body (1), including riprap prisms and face protection blocks; the mooring facilities are pre-embedded and fixed on the top of the breast wall (301), including mooring bollards (601) and rubber fenders (602).

2. The gravity-type caisson wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The caisson body (1) is a precast reinforced concrete structure with a rectangular cross-section and drainage holes (102) on the side walls. The drainage holes (102) are covered with a geotextile filter layer (103).

3. A gravity-type caisson wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling material (2) is sand and gravel aggregate or low-strength concrete.

4. A gravity-type caisson wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The breast wall (301) of the upper structure is connected to the caisson body (1) by pre-reserved steel bars to form an integral load-bearing structure.

5. A gravity-type caisson wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that: The riprap prism of the foot protection structure (5) is arranged close to the bottom of the caisson, and the protective block adopts a twisted king block and covers the outer slope surface of the riprap prism.

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