Automatic tamping and rock-drilling integrated machine and wharf construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of wharf construction, and specifically relates to an automatic tamping and rock-drilling integrated machine and a wharf construction method. The automatic tamping and rock-drilling integrated machine comprises: a hull; a track arranged in the direction of length of the hull; a hoisting assembly, comprising a base, a traction mechanism and a boom, the base being movable in the direction of length of the track, the boom being disposed on the base, and the traction mechanism being connected to the boom and configured to hoist a rock-drilling hammer or a tamping hammer; and a winch connected to the traction mechanism. The automatic tamping and rock-drilling integrated machine overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art where, when a tamping machine operates in wharf construction, the position of a hull needs to be adjusted so as to adjust the position of the tamping machine, and the adjustment of the hull consumes a relatively long time, thereby affecting work efficiency.

Description

An automatic rock drilling and tamping machine and a wharf construction method Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of wharf construction, and in particular to an automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine and a wharf construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the trend in wharf construction is towards intelligence, environmental friendliness, and modularity. With technological advancements, wharf construction increasingly utilizes automated equipment and intelligent management systems to improve construction efficiency and safety. Furthermore, growing environmental awareness is driving the adoption of more environmentally friendly materials and technologies in wharf construction to reduce environmental impact. Modular design allows wharf components to be prefabricated in factories and quickly assembled on-site, significantly shortening the construction cycle.

[0003] In this process, rammers play a crucial role. Through their powerful impact, rammers effectively compact the wharf foundation, improving the bearing capacity and density of the ground, ensuring the stability and durability of the wharf structure. They not only complete the compaction work quickly, improving construction efficiency, but are also adaptable to different types of soil and foundation materials, while producing no noise or dust pollution during the compaction process, meeting modern environmental protection requirements.

[0004] However, existing rammers require the hull to be adjusted to reposition the rammer during operation, which takes a long time and affects work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies in wharf construction, such as the need to adjust the position of the ship to adjust the position of the rammer, which takes a long time and affects work efficiency. This invention provides an automatic rammer and rock drilling integrated machine and a wharf construction method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine, comprising:

[0008] hull;

[0009] The track is provided along the length of the hull;

[0010] The hoisting assembly includes a base, a traction mechanism, and a boom. The base is movable along the length of the track, the boom is mounted on the base, and the traction mechanism is connected to the boom. The traction mechanism is used to hoist a rock drill hammer or a tamping hammer.

[0011] A winch, which is connected to a traction mechanism.

[0012] The number of hoisting components is determined based on the actual situation.

[0013] The track is set along the length of the hull, maximizing its length to provide sufficient adjustment space for the base and minimize hull movement. The base of the hoisting assembly can move along the track, allowing the traction mechanism to be adjusted along the track during foundation compaction and rock removal, with the winch then driving the traction mechanism's movement. Compared to existing technologies that adjust the hull position, this device eliminates the need to move the hull; simply adjusting the base along the track adjusts the traction mechanism's position, reducing the time spent adjusting the rammer and improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, multiple hoisting assemblies can be set up as needed during construction, allowing for simultaneous operation and further enhancing efficiency. The traction mechanism is used to hoist rock hammers or rammers, and the hull can also be used for rock placement and positioning, making it suitable for narrow waterways. Additionally, the fixed step distance for rammering and rock drilling ensures even hammer placement and reliable overlap, preventing missed areas and improving the quality of foundation construction.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a trolley and a track extension, the track extension being detachably connected to the end of the track and extending out of the hull. The trolley is capable of moving along the length of the track and the track extension. A diagonal brace is also provided below the track extension, one end of which is connected to the track extension and the other end to the outer wall of the hull. The trolley is used to support the hoisting rock drill hammer or the ramming hammer.

[0015] Because the ends of the traction mechanism often protrude beyond the hull during construction, a track extension is installed to allow the trolley to move within the projection plane of the traction mechanism's ends. The track extension is detachably connected to the end of the track, allowing it to be removed or installed as needed. During the replacement of rock drill hammers and tamping hammers, the trolley can transport the material to be replaced to its designated location and then transport the replaced material to the appropriate position, improving construction efficiency. Diagonal bracing is installed under the track extension to enhance its structural stability.

[0016] Preferably, the end of the traction mechanism is provided with a chain, and the top surfaces of the rock drill hammer and the ram are provided with a fastening device, which can be opened and closed.

[0017] By setting up chains and locking devices, the rock drill hammer and rammer are prevented from detaching from the hoisting assembly during the chiseling or compaction process, which helps to improve the safety of the construction process.

[0018] Preferably, both the rock drill hammer and the rammer are equipped with pressure sensors, which are used to sense the pressure applied to the rock drill hammer or the rammer.

[0019] Pressure sensors are used to detect the pressure on rock drills or rammers. By using pressure sensors, it is possible to determine whether the rock drill or rammer is hitting empty air, thereby avoiding the risk of the trolley tipping over.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for constructing a wharf, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Dredging at the designed location of the wharf;

[0022] S2, Construction foundation trench;

[0023] S3, Construction Subgrade:

[0024] S31. Use an open-hull barge to transport boulders to the designed location of the foundation bed and dump the boulders;

[0025] S32. Using an automatic tamping and rock drilling machine as described above, and adjusting the position of the base on the track, the boulders thrown in step S31 are compacted.

[0026] S33. Level the compacted stones from S32 to complete the construction of the foundation bed;

[0027] S4. Install the dock block onto the top surface of the foundation bed;

[0028] S5. Pour the breast wall to complete the construction of the wharf.

[0029] Dock blocks are precast concrete components, typically used to construct various structural parts of a dock as needed, such as breast walls and foundation trenches.

[0030] This construction method involves first dredging and constructing the foundation trench, followed by the construction of the foundation bed. During the foundation bed construction, an automatic tamping and rock-drilling machine (as described above) is used for positioning. A barge transports and dumps boulders, which are then compacted using the same tamping and rock-drilling machine. The surface is then leveled to complete the foundation bed construction. Afterward, wharf blocks are installed and the breast wall is poured. Using the same vessel for boulder dumping and compaction reduces waterway interference, overcomes the problem of narrow construction waterways, and improves construction efficiency.

[0031] Preferably, in step S2, when constructing the foundation trench, the silt inside the designed location of the foundation trench is first removed, and then the soil layer inside the designed location of the foundation trench is excavated. When there is a rock layer inside the designed location of the foundation trench, the rock hammer of the automatic tamping and rock drilling machine is used to remove the rock layer.

[0032] Preferably, before removing the silt inside the designed location of the foundation trench in step S2, a temporary sand embankment is set up behind the foundation trench.

[0033] Temporary sand dikes should be set up to minimize backfilling inside the foundation trench.

[0034] Preferably, the slope ratio of the temporary sand embankment is no greater than 1:3, and the surface of the temporary sand embankment is provided with concrete waste and rubble revetment.

[0035] An excessively large slope ratio increases the risk of landslides on sand embankments and further weakens their stability. Therefore, the slope ratio of temporary sand embankments should not exceed 1:3. The surface of temporary sand embankments is reinforced with concrete waste and riprap to minimize the erosion caused by surging waves.

[0036] Preferably, before installing the dock block in step S4, a positioning frame is set up. Both the positioning frame and the dock block are set on the top surface of the base bed. The positioning frame is used to assist in the installation of the dock block.

[0037] Preferably, a working platform is provided on the top of the positioning frame. Before installing the dock block, a baseline is set on the working platform on the top of the positioning frame. The baseline facilitates the positioning of the dock block.

[0038] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] This invention discloses an automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine, comprising: a hull, a track, a hoisting assembly, and a winch. The track is arranged along the length of the hull, maximizing its length to provide sufficient adjustment space for the base and minimize hull movement. The base of the hoisting assembly can move along the length of the track, allowing the traction mechanism to be adjusted according to the track during foundation compaction and rock removal, with the winch then driving the traction mechanism's movement. Compared to existing technologies that require adjusting the hull's position, this device eliminates the need to move the hull; the traction mechanism's position can be adjusted directly by adjusting the base along the track, reducing the time required to adjust the tamping machine's position and improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, multiple hoisting assemblies can be set up as needed during construction, allowing multiple assemblies to operate simultaneously, further enhancing efficiency. This automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies in dock construction where adjusting the hull's position is necessary to reposition the tamping machine, resulting in time-consuming adjustments and reduced work efficiency. In addition, the fixed walking distance for tamping and rock drilling, the uniform placement of the hammer, and the guaranteed overlap of tamping points avoid missed chiseling or tamping, which helps to improve the quality of foundation construction.

[0040] A construction method for a wharf involves first dredging and constructing the foundation trench, followed by the construction of the foundation bed. During the foundation bed construction, an automated tamping and rock-drilling machine is used for positioning, and a barge transports and dumps boulders. The boulders are then compacted using the same tamping and rock-drilling machine, and the surface is leveled to complete the foundation bed construction. Afterward, wharf blocks are installed and the breast wall is poured. Using the same vessel for boulder dumping and compaction reduces waterway interference, overcomes the problem of narrow construction waterways, and improves construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 is a flowchart of a construction method for a wharf according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning frame of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the dock block of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temporary sand embankment of the present invention.

[0049] Icons: 1-hull, 2-track, 3-lifting assembly, 301-base, 302-traction mechanism, 303-boom, 303-diagonal brace, 304-chain, 4-winch, 5-rammer, 6-clamping device, 7-trolley, 8-track extension, 9-positioning frame, 10-base bed, 11-dock block, 12-temporary sandbank. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0052] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0053] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0054] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and can even exceed nine.

[0055] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Example

[0056] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine used in this embodiment includes:

[0057] Hull 1;

[0058] Track 2, which is arranged along the length of the hull 1;

[0059] The hoisting assembly 3 includes a base 301, a traction mechanism 302, and a boom 303. The base 301 is movable along the length of the track 2. The boom 303 is disposed on the base 301. The traction mechanism 302 is connected to the boom 303 and is used to hoist a rock drill hammer or tamping hammer 5.

[0060] Winch 4, which is connected to traction mechanism 302.

[0061] The track 2 is set along the length of the hull 1, and its length is extended as much as possible to provide sufficient adjustment space for the base 301, minimizing the need to move the hull 1. Since the base 301 of the hoisting assembly 3 can move along the length of the track 2, the position of the traction mechanism 302 can be adjusted according to the track 2 during compaction of the foundation bed 10 and rock removal. The winch 4 then drives the movement of the traction mechanism 302. Compared to existing technologies for adjusting the position of the hull 1, this device eliminates the need to move the hull 1; the position of the traction mechanism 302 can be adjusted simply by adjusting the base 301 along the track 2, reducing the time required to adjust the position of the rammer and improving construction efficiency. Furthermore, multiple hoisting assemblies 3 can be set up as needed during construction, allowing multiple hoisting assemblies 3 to operate simultaneously, further improving construction efficiency. Moreover, the traction mechanism 302 is used to hoist the rock drill hammer or rammer 5, and the hull 1 can also be used for rock placement and positioning, making it suitable for narrow waterways. In addition, the fixed walking distance for tamping and rock drilling, the uniform placement of the hammer, and the guaranteed overlap of tamping points avoid missed chiseling or tamping, which helps to improve the construction quality of the foundation bed 10.

[0062] Furthermore, it also includes a trolley 7 and a track extension 8. The track extension 8 is detachably connected to the end of the track 2 and extends out of the hull 1. The trolley 7 can move along the length of the track 2 and the track extension 8. A diagonal brace 303 is also provided below the track extension 8. One end of the diagonal brace 303 is connected to the track extension 8 and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the hull 1. The trolley 7 is used to support the hoisting rock drill hammer or the ramming hammer 5.

[0063] Furthermore, the end of the hoisting component is provided with a chain 304, and the top surfaces of the rock drill hammer and the ramming hammer 5 are both provided with a fastening device 6, which can be opened and closed.

[0064] Furthermore, both the rock drill hammer and the rammer 5 are equipped with pressure sensors. The pressure sensors are used to detect whether the rock drill hammer or the rammer 5 has missed its target, so as to avoid the hull 1 from capsizing as much as possible. Example

[0065] As shown in Figure 5, a construction method for a wharf includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Dredging at the designed location of the wharf;

[0067] S2, Construction foundation trench;

[0068] S3, Construction Subgrade 10:

[0069] S31. Use an open-hull barge to transport the boulders to the designed location of the foundation bed 10 and dump the boulders;

[0070] S32. Using the automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine described in Example 1, and adjusting the position of the base 301 on the track 2, the boulders thrown in step S31 are tamped.

[0071] S33. Level the compacted stones from S32 to complete the construction of the foundation bed 10;

[0072] S4. Install the dock block 11 onto the top surface of the base bed 10;

[0073] S5. Pour the breast wall to complete the construction of the wharf.

[0074] Before removing the silt inside the designed location of the foundation trench in step S2, a temporary sand embankment 12 is set up 100m behind the foundation trench and at the designed location of the wharf front line, as shown in Figure 8. The slope ratio of the temporary sand embankment 12 is no greater than 1:3, and the surface of the temporary sand embankment 12 is covered with concrete waste and rubble revetment.

[0075] First, a certain dock is set up, and its construction process is as follows:

[0076] Step 1: Dredging Construction:

[0077] One trailing suction hopper dredger and one anchor boat are planned to be deployed. The overall dredging direction will be from south to north, with grab dredgers considered for use near slopes or existing structures. The positioning of the trailing suction hopper dredger and the dredging method are as follows:

[0078] 1) Ship positioning

[0079] The system employs DGPS, or Differential Global Positioning System. Utilizing software with data acquisition, processing, and automatic mapping capabilities, the system processes data via computer and displays the outline of the designed dredging section, the edge line of the designed trench, the dredging navigation trajectory, and real-time navigation data on an electronic display screen. Simultaneously, it connects to a water level telemetry instrument and a skid head depth indicator, enabling real-time display of dredging depth, instantaneous water level, trench cross-section diagrams, or underwater 3D models.

[0080] 2) Dredging and rake operation

[0081] The driver issues the "prepare to rake" command, and the rake operator slowly lowers the suction pipe into the water. After the bend connects with the suction inlet, the mud pump is started and the low-concentration discharge valve is opened to allow clean water to be discharged directly from the bottom of the boat. The suction pipe and rake head are then lowered to a certain depth as required by the driver.

[0082] As the dredger approaches its dredging location, the operator commands the rake head to be lowered to the mud surface. Simultaneously, the pump is increased to its normal speed to begin dredging. When the instrument readings indicate an increase in concentration, the loading valve is opened, and the low-concentration discharge valve is closed to begin loading.

[0083] 3) Operation of vessels during construction

[0084] The propellers of the trailing suction hopper dredgers are all remotely operated. The operator can directly control the operation of the main engine from the control panel and determine the forward and backward movement and speed of the dredger by the propeller angle.

[0085] Step 2: Excavation of the foundation trench:

[0086] The geological conditions at the foundation trench location for this project consist mostly of silt and silty clay layers, with a small portion being weathered rock layers. The dredging bottom elevation is -20m to -22m. Taking all factors into consideration, this project will use a grab dredger to excavate the foundation trench. If the grab dredger encounters rock layers that cannot be excavated, rock drilling will be used. For the area at the junction of the old and new wharves, only grab dredgers can be used for dredging and foundation trench excavation. According to underwater exploration, there are small areas of scattered boulders and silt bales at the junction of the old and new wharves. The boulders will be removed using grab dredgers, and the silt bales will be dredged using silt pumps. Aquatic plants and animals on the surface of the blocks will be removed by divers. Before the foundation trench excavation, the two blocks at the bottom of the original wharf will be lifted in advance and reinstalled after the foundation trench is leveled and compacted.

[0087] 1. The foundation trench excavation is carried out from south to north using a grab bucket excavator, in sections, layers, and strips. The amount of overlap between strips during construction is determined according to the actual situation.

[0088] 2. Excavate in steps according to the designed slope and the principle of "over-excavation at the bottom and under-excavation at the top, with balance between over-excavation and under-excavation" to achieve the designed slope requirements and effectively control the amount of excavation in the foundation trench without leaving shallow spots.

[0089] 3. If the design elevation is not reached after excavating to the rock strata, a heavy grab bucket will be used to excavate the strongly weathered rock strata until excavation is no longer possible.

[0090] 4. When the foundation trench can no longer be excavated, rock drilling should be carried out using a rock hammer or rock drill rod.

[0091] Step 3, Construction of Subgrade 10:

[0092] 1. Foundation bed 10 riprap:

[0093] Stone materials are transported to the outbound dock by land-based dump trucks, loaded onto open barges, and then transported to the site for placement and filling. Filling proceeds from south to north, using flatbed barges equipped with GPS positioning systems for positioning the stones. Tugboats are used in conjunction with the flatbed barges for positioning. Three open barges are deployed for stone placement, with supplementary placement considering placement at designated points above excavators. The placement of the 10-ton riprap in the foundation bed must be closely coordinated with the excavation of the foundation trench to minimize the exposure time of the trench. The intensity and schedule of riprap placement are arranged according to the progress of the foundation trench excavation, with the 10-ton riprap placement and dredging work staggered by a corresponding distance from each other. Based on typical construction tests, a certain amount of compaction is reserved for the 10-ton riprap placement in the foundation bed.

[0094] 2. Compact the subgrade bed (10 mm):

[0095] The foundation bed 10 is compacted and riprap is placed on the same flat barge. The barge is equipped with a slipway system, rammer and rammer frame. The lifting height of the rammer is determined based on typical construction tests.

[0096] Before compaction, the riprap surface should be properly leveled, with local height differences not exceeding 20cm. Compaction should employ a semi-compaction method with adjacent longitudinal and transverse sections, consisting of one initial compaction and one secondary compaction, with four compaction passes per pass, to prevent bulging and missed compaction in the subgrade 10 unit area. During compaction, attention should be paid to the influence of water flow direction, speed, and tidal changes on the position of the tamping hammer, and the hammer's position should be adjusted promptly. Subgrade 10 should be compacted in layers and sections, with each layer having approximately equal thickness, generally not exceeding 1.5m, and the overlap length between compacted sections not less than 2m.

[0097] Leveling of the base bed 10:

[0098] After the foundation bed 10 is compacted, leveling should be carried out as soon as possible to avoid excessive siltation. The hydraulic underwater leveling machine has a hollow steel pipe structure and can be pressurized with water through an automatic inlet. When the pressure exceeds the buoyancy force, it sinks. After the leveling machine is positioned and submerged, seawater enters the hollow steel pipe through the automatic inlet, and the leveling machine sinks smoothly and slowly. Initial positioning is achieved through four floating drums, followed by precise measurement and positioning (position and elevation) using a placing boom. The placing boom, which can travel along a track, is driven by a hydraulic transmission device to move longitudinally and laterally for placing and leveling operations. After completing one leveling work position, the leveling machine is moved to the next work position with the assistance of an excavator.

[0099] Step 4: Shipment and installation of dock block 11

[0100] The temporary construction dock is equipped with positioning frame 9, as shown in Figure 6.

[0101] Transfer dock block 11 from the prefabrication yard storage area to a flatbed truck, and then from the flatbed truck to the transport ship;

[0102] Install dock block 11. After installation, it will look like Figure 7:

[0103] a. After the flat barge (installation vessel) is anchored and positioned, the hull is moved by winching the anchor cable on the vessel, so that the installation vessel is located near the water surface of the installation base bed 10.

[0104] b. The installation vessel uses a GPS system to roughly locate itself on the previously leveled positioning frame 9. The three positioning frames 9 are arranged in an L-shape, with the positioning frame 9 extending from three angle steel bars placed at the southwest corner of the installation section. The other two positioning frames 9 are placed vertically on the north and east sides of the L-shape, respectively. The positioning frames 9 are adjusted in position using a GPS device installed on the platform to ensure that they are erected on the foundation as required.

[0105] c. After the positioning frame 9 is installed, the 400t tracked crane on the installation vessel lifts the block and slowly lowers it into the water. Underwater divers and the ship's signalman communicate in real-time via underwater telephone, performing rough positioning and lowering of the block based on the installation position determined by the positioning frame 9. The block has multiple water passages. During the lowering process, the lowering speed must match the speed of water entering the block's compartment; lowering too quickly will cause the block to tilt due to buoyancy. The block must remain vertical and stable during the lowering process, without violent shaking.

[0106] d. After the rough underwater positioning of the block is completed, divers check the block's position underwater. The divers direct the 400t crawler crane to slowly lower the block. When the distance between the bottom of the block and the base bed 10 is approximately 20cm, the divers use a scale (with a bubble level) to directly read the distance between the actual position of the block and the installation position. This information is then relayed to the captain, who directs the crane to adjust the position, thus achieving precise positioning of the block until it meets the deviation range required in the technical specifications. Once the block's position meets the requirements, the divers re-measure the block's position. If it does not meet the requirements, the crane places the block on the base bed 10, and the divers unload the lifting gear.

[0107] e. When installing the first block, if the installation accuracy cannot be guaranteed because there is no support, the first block can be roughly installed first. After the second block is accurately installed, the first block can be reinstalled with the second block as support to ensure the installation accuracy of the first block.

[0108] 4. Pre-compressed blocks;

[0109] 5. Arrange the block back stone prism, inverted filter layer and geotextile;

[0110] Step 5: Construction of the track beam

[0111] Step Six: Casting the Floating Wall of the Wharf

[0112] 1. The installed blocks must be preloaded and inspected before the construction of the breast wall can proceed. The preloading of the blocks is carried out by stacking prefabricated small blocks. The width range and load amount of the load are strictly in accordance with the load requirements and relevant drawings provided by the owner. A crawler crane is used to assist in the stacking and unloading of the preloaded blocks. According to the technical specifications, the preloading shall be carried out for at least 21 days until the settlement value observed for the last 14 days is less than 5mm and continues for no less than 5 days.

[0113] 2. Before constructing the breast wall, the top surface of the block should be roughened and cleaned.

[0114] 3. The steel bars are cut and processed at the steel bar processing yard, and then transported to the site by flatbed truck. Workers directly tie them on the blocks. Steel bar protective layer spacers are set on the bottom and sides of the steel bars. The plane position and elevation of the embedded parts are marked out by measurement.

[0115] 4. Use crawler cranes for formwork installation. During installation, ensure that the shape, alignment, and dimensions of the cast-in-place breast wall meet the design requirements, accurately locate the pre-embedded positions of fenders, mooring bollards, and ladders, and ensure that the installation is secure.

[0116] 5. Concrete is transported to the site by mixer trucks and poured using pump trucks. After pouring, it is cured with fresh water. The formwork can only be removed after it has reached a certain strength.

[0117] Step 7: Install the dock's ancillary facilities to complete the dock's construction.

[0118] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic rock drilling and tamping integrated machine, characterized in that, Include: hull(1); Track (2), the track (2) is arranged along the length direction of the hull (1); The hoisting assembly (3) includes a base (301), a traction mechanism (302), and a boom (303). The base (301) is movable along the length of the track (2). The boom (303) is disposed on the base (301). The traction mechanism (302) is connected to the boom (303). The traction mechanism (302) is used to hoist a rock drill hammer or a tamping hammer (5). A winch (4) is connected to a traction mechanism (302).

2. The automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a trolley (7) and a track extension (8). The track extension (8) is detachably connected to the end of the track (2). The track extension (8) extends out of the hull (1). The trolley (7) can move along the length of the track (2) and the track extension (8). A diagonal brace (303) is also provided below the track extension (8). One end of the diagonal brace (303) is connected to the track extension (8) and the other end is connected to the outer wall of the hull (1). The trolley (7) is used to support the hoisting rock drill hammer or the ramming hammer (5).

3. The automatic tamping and rock drilling integrated machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the traction mechanism (302) is provided with a chain (304), and the top surfaces of the rock drill and the ram (5) are provided with a fastening device (6), which can be opened and closed.

4. An automatic rock drilling and tamping machine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Both the rock drill hammer and the rammer (5) are equipped with pressure sensors, which are used to sense the pressure on the rock drill hammer or the rammer (5).

5. A method for constructing a wharf, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Dredging at the designed location of the wharf; S2, Construction foundation trench; S3, Construction of the subgrade (10): S31. Use an open-hull barge to transport the boulders to the designed position of the foundation bed (10) and dump the boulders; S32. Using an automatic tamping and rock drilling machine as described in any one of claims 1-4, and adjusting the position of the base (301) on the track (2), the boulders thrown in step S31 are compacted. S33, level the compacted stones from S32 to complete the construction of the foundation bed (10); S4. Install the dock block (11) onto the top surface of the foundation bed (10); S5. Pour the breast wall to complete the construction of the wharf.

6. The construction method for a wharf according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S2, when constructing the foundation trench, first remove the silt inside the designed location of the foundation trench, then excavate the soil layer inside the designed location of the foundation trench. When there is a rock layer inside the designed location of the foundation trench, use the rock hammer of the automatic tamping and rock drilling machine to remove the rock layer.

7. The construction method for a wharf according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before removing the silt inside the designed location of the foundation trench in step S2, a temporary sand embankment (12) is set up behind the foundation trench.

8. A construction method for a wharf according to claim 7, characterized in that, The slope ratio of the temporary sand embankment (12) is no greater than 1:3, and the surface of the temporary sand embankment (12) is provided with concrete waste and rubble protection.

9. A construction method for a wharf according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, Before installing the dock block (11) in step S4, a positioning frame (9) is set up. The positioning frame (9) and the dock block (11) are both set on the top surface of the base bed (10). The positioning frame (9) is used to assist in the installation of the dock block (11).

10. A construction method for a wharf according to claim 9, characterized in that, The positioning frame (9) is provided with a working platform on top. Before installing the dock block (11), a baseline is set on the working platform on top of the positioning frame (9). The baseline facilitates the positioning of the dock block (11).

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