A kind of underwater opening tension test device of pressure relief equipment

Abstract

The application relates to the field of test devices, and particularly discloses an underwater opening tension test device for a pressure relief device, which comprises a water storage tank, a pressure relief device arranged in the water storage tank, a steam outlet arranged in the side wall of the pressure relief device, a steam outlet cover plate rotatably connected to the pressure relief device and used for closing the steam outlet, a pulley assembly arranged in the water storage tank, a hydraulic actuator arranged outside the water storage tank, a steel wire rope wound on the pulley assembly, one end of the steel wire rope fixed to the steam outlet cover plate, the other end of the steel wire rope fixed to the output end of the hydraulic actuator, a displacement sensor arranged in the water storage tank and used for detecting the rotational displacement of the steam outlet cover plate, and the telescopic end of the displacement sensor abuts against the top side wall of the steam outlet cover plate. The application has the effect of measuring the tension and displacement of the steam outlet of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel in a water deep environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of testing apparatus, and in particular to an underwater opening tensile testing apparatus for a pressure relief device. Background Technology

[0002] A pressurized water reactor (PWR) is a reactor that uses pressurized, non-boiling light water (i.e., ordinary water) as a moderator and coolant. It is one of the most commonly used and largest reactor types in nuclear power plants.

[0003] The main structure of a pressurized water reactor (PWR) consists of the reactor pressure vessel, core, internal components, and control rod drive mechanism. The reactor pressure vessel, also known as the reactor pressure shell, is a sealed container that houses the nuclear reactor and withstands its enormous operating pressure; it is typically located in the center of the reactor building. The core is the area where the chain nuclear fission reaction takes place. Coolant enters through the reactor pressure vessel inlet pipe, flows downwards along the inner side of the pressure vessel, then upwards through a flow distribution device at the bottom of the hopper, and continues upwards into the core, dissipating the heat released by the fuel rods. The heated reactor coolant flows out through the hopper outlet and the reactor pressure vessel vent pipe.

[0004] When the reactor coolant in the reactor pressure vessel is heated, the temperature and pressure inside the reactor pressure vessel rise sharply. At this time, it is necessary to quickly open the vent of the reactor pressure vessel to discharge the heated reactor coolant in order to improve the safety of the reactor pressure vessel.

[0005] However, in actual use, it has been found that there is currently no equipment that can simulate the actual operating environment of the nuclear reactor pressure vessel vent in a deep water environment, measure the external pulling force and displacement required to open the vent, and there is a problem that the reactor pressure vessel vent cannot be opened quickly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to measure the tension and displacement of opening the vent of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel in a deep water environment, and to facilitate the rapid opening of the vent, this application provides an underwater opening tension test device for a pressure relief device, which has the effect of measuring the tension and displacement of opening the vent of a pressure relief device in a deep water environment.

[0007] The underwater opening tensile testing device for a pressure relief device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] An underwater opening tensile testing device for a pressure relief device includes a water tank, a pressure relief device installed inside the water tank, a vent opening on the side wall of the pressure relief device, a vent cover plate rotatably connected to the pressure relief device for closing the vent opening, a pulley assembly installed inside the water tank, a hydraulic actuator installed outside the water tank, a steel wire rope wound around the pulley assembly, one end of the steel wire rope being fixed to the vent cover plate, and the other end of the steel wire rope being fixed to the output end of the hydraulic actuator, and a displacement sensor for detecting the rotational displacement of the vent cover plate being installed inside the water tank, the telescopic end of the displacement sensor abutting against the top side wall of the vent cover plate.

[0009] Hydraulic actuators include hydraulic pumps, control valves, hydraulic cylinders, and hydraulic oil. The hydraulic pump converts mechanical energy into the pressure energy of the liquid. It draws oil from the tank and pressurizes it to form high-pressure oil. The control valves then regulate the pressure, flow rate, and direction, transmitting the pressure to the hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinders push the piston to produce linear motion, thereby outputting mechanical energy.

[0010] A pressure relief device is a device that simulates the pressure vessel of a nuclear reactor. By adopting the above technical solution, before conducting a tensile test on the pressure relief device underwater, the pressure relief device is first installed in a water storage tank. At this time, the vent cover is closed, and the vent cover is at an 85° angle to the side wall of the pressure relief device. Then, the hydraulic actuator is connected to the controller and the force sensor, and both the displacement sensor and the force sensor are connected to the data acquisition device.

[0011] When the water tank is not filled with water, the hydraulic actuator, force sensor, and displacement sensor are activated. The hydraulic actuator pulls the vent cover plate via a steel wire rope wound around the pulley assembly, gradually rotating the vent cover plate from its natural 85° position to a 90° vertical position on the pressure relief device. The displacement sensor measures a displacement of 28.9 mm at the top of the vent cover plate. In this experiment, a 30 mm opening of the vent cover plate is tentatively defined as the critical opening displacement.

[0012] During the data acquisition phase, the data acquisition instrument begins collecting displacement and tension data of the exhaust port cover. The hydraulic actuator uses displacement control, with each step ranging from 0.5mm to 30mm. Within this opening range, the force value of the hydraulic actuator is the critical opening tension value. The data acquisition instrument records the tension value of the displacement sensor during this process from 0-30mm; this is repeated 10 times, and the average of the 10 sets of data is recorded.

[0013] Fill the water tank with water, ensuring the water level is at least 1.8m above the vent (2.8m from the bottom). Place a 10kg counterweight on the pressure relief device to prevent the vent from floating. Drive the hydraulic actuator, force sensor, and displacement sensor. The hydraulic actuator pulls the vent cover plate via a steel cable wound around the pulley assembly, gradually rotating the vent cover plate from its natural 85° position to a 90° vertical position on the pressure relief device. The rotational displacement of the vent cover plate is 0-30mm. The force sensor measures the critical opening pull force value within this range, and the data acquisition instrument records the critical opening pull force value and critical opening displacement value.

[0014] Depressurize the pressure relief device and perform a "balance and zeroing operation" on the data acquisition instrument to set the zero point. Continue to fill the water tank with water and repeatedly measure the critical opening pull force value of the vent cover plate in the range of 0-30mm. The pull force and displacement values ​​collected by the data acquisition instrument can generate a force-displacement data curve, and the data can be further analyzed. That is, this application can measure the pull force and displacement values ​​of opening the vent of the pressure relief device at a water depth of 2.8m, which facilitates the rapid opening of the reactor pressure vessel vent.

[0015] Optionally, a support rod is provided at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the displacement sensor is mounted on the support rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and fixing the displacement sensor with a support rod, the stability of the displacement sensor can be improved and the measurement error caused by external interference can be reduced.

[0017] Optionally, the pulley assembly includes a first pulley and a second pulley, both of which are located on the inner wall of the water storage tank. The second pulley is located on top of the first pulley. The steel wire rope fixed to one end of the vent cover passes around the first pulley and the second pulley in sequence and is then fixed to the output end of the hydraulic actuator.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, one end of the steel wire rope is fixed to the exhaust port cover, the middle section successively passes around the side of the first pulley near the inner wall of the water storage tank and the side of the second pulley away from the inner wall of the water storage tank, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic actuator. The first and second pulleys can change the path of the steel wire rope, thereby changing the direction of force transmission, so that the tension of the steel wire rope acts perpendicularly to the exhaust port cover. This facilitates accurate measurement of the rotational displacement of the exhaust port cover by the displacement sensor, and also helps the force sensor accurately measure the pulling force required to open the exhaust port cover.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes a frame, on which the hydraulic actuator is fixedly mounted, and the output end of the hydraulic actuator is located at the top of the water storage tank.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution and fixing the hydraulic actuator to the frame, the vibration or external impact on the hydraulic actuator can be reduced, and the stability of the hydraulic actuator when pulling the wire rope can be improved.

[0021] Optionally, the frame includes a crossbar and two connecting rods, the crossbar is fixed between the two connecting rods, and the side of the hydraulic actuator away from the wire rope is fixed to the side wall of the crossbar.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the hydraulic actuator pulls the wire rope to drive the exhaust port cover to rotate, the reverse force on the hydraulic actuator is transmitted to the two connecting rods through the crossbar, which improves the stability of the hydraulic actuator.

[0023] Optionally, a drain outlet is provided on the side wall of the water storage tank.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the water depth in the water storage tank is greater than 2.8 meters, the drain outlet can discharge excess water, making it easier to adjust the water depth in the water storage tank.

[0025] Optionally, the side wall of the water storage tank is provided with an observation window for observing the steam vent cover.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation status of the exhaust port cover can be easily observed by setting an observation window.

[0027] Optionally, the inner wall of the water storage tank is provided with a connecting plate, and the side wall of the connecting plate is threadedly fixed to the side wall of the pressure relief device.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, before the underwater pressure relief device is activated for tensile testing, the pressure relief device is fixed to the water storage tank by a connecting plate, which can reduce the displacement of the pressure relief device and improve the stability of the pressure relief device in the water storage tank.

[0029] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. This application can provide a tensile force source of more than 25 tons to simulate the operating environment of the pressure vessel of a nuclear reactor. Through hydraulic actuators and displacement sensors, the tensile force and displacement values ​​of opening the vent of the pressure relief device can be accurately measured in a water depth of 2.8m. Then, by using a data acquisition instrument to collect the tensile force and displacement values ​​of the vent opening, a force and displacement data curve can be generated. Further analysis of the data can reveal the tensile force and displacement values ​​of opening the vent of the reactor pressure vessel, which is beneficial for quickly opening the vent of the reactor pressure vessel.

[0031] 2. Fixing the displacement sensor with a support rod can improve the stability of the displacement sensor and reduce measurement errors caused by external interference;

[0032] 3. By setting the first pulley and the second pulley, the movement path of the wire rope can be changed, so that the tension of the wire rope acts perpendicularly on the exhaust port cover plate, which makes it easier for the displacement sensor to accurately measure the rotational displacement of the exhaust port cover plate. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the underwater opening tensile test device for the pressure relief equipment in this application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the water storage tank;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the steam vent of the pressure relief device.

[0036] Reference numerals: 1. Water storage tank; 2. Pressure relief device; 3. Exhaust port; 4. Exhaust port cover; 5. Pulley assembly; 501. First pulley; 502. Second pulley; 6. Hydraulic actuator; 7. Wire rope; 8. Displacement sensor; 9. Support rod; 10. Frame; 1001. Crossbar; 1002. Connecting rod; 11. Drain outlet; 12. Observation window; 13. Connecting plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-3 This application will be described in further detail.

[0038] This application discloses an underwater opening tensile testing device for a pressure relief device, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The system includes a water storage tank 1, a pressure relief device 2 at the bottom of the water storage tank 1, a vent 3 on the side wall of the pressure relief device 2, and a vent cover 4 that closes the vent 3 is hinged to the outer side wall of the pressure relief device 2. A hydraulic actuator 6 is fixed to the outside of the water storage tank 1, and the output end of the hydraulic actuator 6 is connected to a force sensor. A pulley assembly 5 is fixed to the inner wall of the water storage tank 1, and a steel wire rope 7 is wound on the pulley assembly 5. One end of the steel wire rope 7 is fixed to the vent cover 4, the middle section of the steel wire rope 7 passes around the pulley assembly 5, and the other end is fixed to the output end of the hydraulic actuator 6. A displacement sensor 8 for measuring the rotational displacement of the vent cover 4 is fixed inside the water storage tank 1, and the telescopic end of the displacement sensor 8 abuts against the top side wall of the vent cover 4.

[0039] The hydraulic actuator 6 and displacement sensor 8 are activated. The hydraulic actuator 6 drives the wire rope 7 to move along the guide path of the pulley assembly 5, thereby pulling the exhaust port cover 4 to open and close in the pressure relief device 2. The displacement sensor 8 detects the displacement value of the opened exhaust port cover 4, and the force sensor detects the pulling force value of the opened exhaust port cover 4.

[0040] Before starting the tensile test of the pressure relief device, fix the pressure relief device 2 inside the water storage tank 1, ensure that the vent cover 4 closes the vent 3 and forms an 85° angle with the side wall of the pressure relief device 2, and connect the hydraulic actuator 6 to the controller and force sensor, and connect the force sensor and displacement sensor 8 to the data acquisition device.

[0041] A pressure relief device is a device that simulates the pressure vessel of a nuclear reactor. The following are the test procedures for underwater opening tension of a pressure relief device:

[0042] Step 1: First, conduct a waterless environment test to simulate the pressure relief device 2 under waterless conditions and measure the pulling force required to open the vent cover 4. Drive the hydraulic actuator 6, force sensor, and displacement sensor 8. The hydraulic actuator 6 pulls the vent cover 4 via the steel wire rope 7 wound around the pulley assembly 5, rotating the vent cover 4 from 85° to 90° on the pressure relief device 2. The displacement sensor 8 measures a rotational displacement of 28.9 mm for the vent cover 4. For this test, the opening displacement of the vent cover 4 is temporarily defined as 30 mm as the critical opening displacement.

[0043] Step 2: Data Acquisition. The hydraulic actuator 6 uses displacement control, with increments of 0.5mm up to 30mm. Within this range, the tension value of the hydraulic actuator 6 is used as the critical opening tension value. The tension value of the displacement sensor 8 during this process (0-30mm) is acquired and recorded using a data acquisition device.

[0044] Step 3: Repeat Step 2 ten times, take the average of the ten sets of data, and record it.

[0045] Step 4: Conduct a water depth environment test to simulate the pressure relief device 2 in a deep water environment and measure the pulling force required to open the vent cover 4. Fill the water tank 1 with water, ensuring the water level is at least 1.8m above the vent 3 (2.8m from the bottom), and place a 10kg counterweight on the pressure relief device 2 to prevent the vent 3 from floating. Drive the hydraulic actuator 6, force sensor, and displacement sensor 8. The hydraulic actuator 6 rotates the vent cover 4 on the pressure relief device 2 from 85° to 90° via the steel wire rope 7 wound around the pulley assembly 5. The rotational displacement of the vent cover 4 is 0-30mm. The force sensor measures the critical opening pulling force value within this range, and the data acquisition instrument records the critical opening pulling force value and critical opening displacement value within this range.

[0046] Step 5: Depressurize the pressure relief device 2 and perform a "balance and zeroing operation" on the data acquisition instrument to set the zero point. Repeat Step 4 to continue measuring the critical opening pull force of the exhaust port cover 4 underwater. Generate a force-displacement data curve using the pull force and displacement values ​​collected by the data acquisition instrument, and further analyze the data.

[0047] This experiment can measure the pulling force and displacement of opening the steam vent 3 of the nuclear reactor pressure vessel at a water depth of 2.8m, which facilitates the rapid opening of the steam vent 3 of the reactor pressure vessel.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 The pulley assembly 5 includes a first pulley 501 and a second pulley 502, both of which are bolted to the inner wall of the water storage tank 1. The center point of the first pulley 501 and the center point of the exhaust port cover 4 are on the same horizontal line, and the second pulley 502 is located on top of the first pulley 501. One end of the wire rope 7 is fixed to the exhaust port cover 4, and the middle section of the wire rope 7 passes sequentially around the side of the first pulley 501 near the inner wall of the water storage tank 1 and the side of the second pulley 502 away from the inner wall of the water storage tank 1. The other end is fixed to the output end of the hydraulic actuator 6. Both the first pulley 501 and the second pulley 502 can change the direction of force transmission, so that the tension transmitted by the wire rope 7 acts perpendicularly on the exhaust port cover 4. This facilitates the displacement sensor 8 to accurately measure the rotational displacement of the exhaust port cover 4, and also helps the force sensor to accurately measure the pulling force required to open the exhaust port cover 4.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 A support rod 9 is fixed to the bottom of the water storage tank 1, and the displacement sensor 8 is vertically fixed to the support rod 9, which can improve the stability of the displacement sensor 8 measurement. A drain outlet 11 is fixed to the side wall of the water storage tank 1 to facilitate the adjustment of the water depth of the water storage tank 1. An observation window 12 is fixed to the inner wall of the water storage tank 1 to facilitate timely observation of the rotation status of the exhaust port cover 4.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 A frame 10 is provided outside the water storage tank 1. The frame 10 includes a crossbar 1001 and two connecting rods 1002. The two ends of the crossbar 1001 are respectively fixed perpendicularly to the two connecting rods 1002. In this embodiment, the frame 10 is H-shaped. The end of the hydraulic actuator 6 away from the wire rope 7 is fixed perpendicularly to the side wall of the crossbar 1001. The height of the crossbar 1001 is greater than the height of the water storage tank 1. The structure of the crossbar 1001 and the two connecting rods 1002 can improve the stability of the hydraulic actuator 6.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 A connecting plate 13 is vertically fixed to the inner wall of the water storage tank 1. The side of the connecting plate 13 closest to the pressure relief device 2 is threaded to the side wall of the pressure relief device 2, which can reduce the displacement or shaking of the pressure relief device 2 and improve the stability of the pressure relief device 2.

[0052] The implementation principle of the underwater opening tensile test device for a pressure relief device disclosed in this application is as follows: When the water tank 1 is not filled with water, the hydraulic actuator 6 pulls the exhaust port cover 4 by means of the steel wire rope 7 wrapped around the first pulley 501 and the second pulley 502. When the exhaust port cover 4 is gradually rotated from 85° to 90° on the pressure relief device 2, the displacement sensor 8 measures that the displacement of the uppermost part of the exhaust port cover 4 is 28.9mm. This application temporarily defines the 30mm opening of the exhaust port cover 4 as the critical opening displacement.

[0053] The data acquisition unit collects displacement and tension data of the exhaust port cover 4. The hydraulic actuator 6 uses displacement control, with each step ranging from 0.5mm to 30mm. The force sensor measures the tension value of the displacement sensor 8 during this process from 0 to 30mm. Within this opening range, the force value of the hydraulic actuator 6 is the critical opening tension value.

[0054] Water is added to the water storage tank 1, with the water level required to be at least 1.8m above the vent 3 (2.8m from the bottom). A 10kg counterweight is placed on the pressure relief device 2 to prevent the vent 3 from floating. The hydraulic actuator 6 pulls the vent cover 4 via the steel wire rope 7 wound around the first pulley 501 and the second pulley 502, gradually rotating the vent cover 4 from 85° to 90° on the pressure relief device 2. The force sensor measures the tension value of the displacement sensor 8 during this process from 0-30mm, and the data acquisition instrument records the critical opening tension value and the critical opening displacement value.

[0055] The critical opening pull force and critical opening displacement value of the vent 3 at a depth of 2.8m can be measured using displacement sensor 8 and force sensor. The pull force and displacement values ​​collected by the data acquisition instrument can generate a force-displacement data curve, and the data can be further analyzed. That is, this application can measure the pull force and displacement values ​​for opening the vent 3 of the nuclear reactor pressure vessel at a water depth of 2.8m, which facilitates the rapid opening of the vent 3 of the nuclear reactor pressure vessel.

[0056] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for underwater opening tensile testing of a pressure relief device, characterized in that: The device includes a water storage tank (1), a pressure relief device (2) is provided inside the water storage tank (1), a steam vent (3) is provided on the side wall of the pressure relief device (2), a steam vent cover (4) is rotatably connected to the pressure relief device (2), the steam vent cover (4) is used to close the steam vent (3), a pulley assembly (5) is provided inside the water storage tank (1), a hydraulic actuator (6) is provided outside the water storage tank (1), a steel wire rope (7) is wound on the pulley assembly (5), one end of the steel wire rope (7) is fixed to the steam vent cover (4), the other end of the steel wire rope (7) is fixed to the output end of the hydraulic actuator (6), a displacement sensor (8) for detecting the rotational displacement of the steam vent cover (4) is provided inside the water storage tank (1), and the telescopic end of the displacement sensor (8) abuts against the top side wall of the steam vent cover (4).

2. The underwater opening tensile testing device for pressure relief equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank (1) is provided with a support rod (9) at the bottom, and the displacement sensor (8) is provided on the support rod (9).

3. The underwater opening tensile testing device for pressure relief equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulley assembly (5) includes a first pulley (501) and a second pulley (502). The first pulley (501) and the second pulley (502) are both located on the inner wall of the water storage tank (1). The second pulley (502) is located on top of the first pulley (501). The steel wire rope (7) fixed to one end of the exhaust port cover plate (4) passes around the first pulley (501) and the second pulley (502) in sequence and is then fixed to the output end of the hydraulic actuator (6).

4. The underwater opening tensile testing device for pressure relief equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a frame (10), the hydraulic actuator (6) is fixedly mounted on the frame (10), and the output end of the hydraulic actuator (6) is located on the top of the water storage tank (1).

5. The underwater opening tensile testing device for the pressure relief equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The frame (10) includes a crossbar (1001) and two connecting rods (1002). The crossbar (1001) is fixed between the two connecting rods (1002). The hydraulic actuator (6) is fixed to the crossbar (1001) on the side away from the wire rope (7).

6. The underwater opening tensile testing device for pressure relief equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage tank (1) has a drain outlet (11) on its side wall.

7. The underwater opening tensile testing device for pressure relief equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the water storage tank (1) is provided with an observation window (12) for observing the steam vent cover plate (4).

8. The underwater opening tensile testing device for pressure relief equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner wall of the water storage tank (1) is provided with a connecting plate (13), and the side wall of the connecting plate (13) is threadedly fixed to the side wall of the pressure relief device (2).

Images