Electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to electric car electric core technical field, concretely is electric car electric core thermal runaway isolation and fire control suppression structure, including battery box, the top of battery box is connected with the box cover through bolt, is divided into power supply bin and equipment bin through first heat insulating plate in battery box, the power supply bin is divided into a plurality of electric core chambers through a plurality of second heat insulating plates, a plurality of electric cores are arranged in each electric core chamber, the side surface of each electric core is equipped with temperature sensor, the top inside of power supply bin is equipped with heat insulating roof board, is equipped with cutting assembly for cutting off the wire and is used for the fire control fire control assembly in equipment bin. The electric car electric core thermal runaway isolation and fire control suppression structure, the electric core chamber is separated through the heat insulating plate and sets up the heat insulating roof board, effectively blocks the transmission of heat between the electric core, and the fire control assembly sprays carbon dioxide, and the fire spreads from the source is suppressed, solves the problem that only depends on the heat insulation in prior art leads to heat accumulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle battery cell technology, specifically to a thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure for electric vehicle battery cells. Background Technology

[0002] The battery cell is the core component of an electric vehicle's power system, primarily responsible for storing and releasing electrical energy. Generally, a battery cell consists of multiple individual cells (such as lithium-ion batteries) capable of efficient charging and discharging. The performance of the battery cell directly affects the electric vehicle's range, acceleration performance, and overall safety. However, under certain conditions, the battery cell may experience thermal runaway. Thermal runaway refers to the rapid rise in internal temperature of a battery due to overheating, overcharging, short circuits, or external impacts, leading to uncontrolled chemical reactions and potentially causing a fire or explosion. This phenomenon not only endangers the safety of the electric vehicle but can also have serious impacts on the surrounding environment; therefore, protecting the safety of the battery cell is of paramount importance.

[0003] Patent CN217280976U discloses a thermally insulated battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and a new energy vehicle. The thermally insulated battery includes a casing and battery cells disposed within the casing. Each battery cell includes a plurality of wound cores arranged at intervals and a thermal insulation component disposed between adjacent wound cores. The casing has a first electrode and a second electrode. The first electrode of each wound core is electrically connected to one end of the first electrode, and the second electrode of each wound core is electrically connected to one end of the second electrode. The thermally insulated battery provided by this invention provides a thermal insulation component between adjacent wound cores, achieving thermal isolation between the wound cores. This fundamentally enhances the thermal stability of the battery, ensuring that other wound cores do not go out of control or prolonging the time before the failure triggers when a single wound core fails, thus improving the controllability of battery thermal runaway.

[0004] While the aforementioned existing technologies achieve thermal isolation between the battery cores through heat insulation components, effectively reducing the risk of the entire battery pack going out of control due to the failure of a single core, isolation alone is insufficient to completely eliminate potential hazards. Heat can still accumulate inside the battery, posing a risk of spontaneous combustion of the cells. Furthermore, existing technologies lack effective fire suppression structures, and in the event of thermal runaway, there are no emergency response measures. This leaves electric vehicles without sufficient protection mechanisms in the face of sudden safety incidents, resulting in inadequate safety. Therefore, we propose an electric vehicle cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure to enhance battery safety performance and provide more comprehensive protection measures. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a structure for isolating and suppressing thermal runaway of electric vehicle battery cells, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] Electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure, including battery box, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the top of the battery box is bolted to a cover, which is used to seal the battery box and fix the internal components. The battery box is divided into a power supply compartment and an equipment compartment by a first heat insulation plate. The first heat insulation plate is used to separate the battery box into the power supply compartment and the equipment compartment and to block heat transfer. The power supply compartment is divided into multiple cell compartments by multiple second heat insulation plates. The second heat insulation plates are used to divide the power supply compartment into multiple independent cell compartments to prevent thermal runaway between cells. Multiple cells are arranged in each cell compartment. The cells are used to store and release electrical energy. Multiple cells in a cell compartment constitute a power supply unit. When the component is cut off, the wires of multiple cells in a single cell compartment are cut off. Each cell is equipped with a temperature sensor on its side. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the cell temperature in real time and feed it back to the controller.

[0008] The top of the power supply compartment is equipped with a heat-insulating roof plate to prevent heat from rising. The equipment compartment contains a cutting assembly for cutting wires and a fire-fighting assembly. The cutting assembly uses a pneumatically driven cutter to cut the electrical connection of a faulty battery cell. The fire-fighting assembly sprays carbon dioxide to suppress the fire. The equipment compartment also contains a controller that receives temperature sensor signals and controls the operation of solenoid valves and assemblies. Based on temperature changes, the controller controls the opening and closing of the first main solenoid valve, the first auxiliary solenoid valve, the second main solenoid valve, and the second auxiliary solenoid valve. The first and second main solenoid valves control the main air circuits of the cutting assembly and the fire-fighting assembly, respectively. The first and second auxiliary solenoid valves control the branch circuits corresponding to each battery cell compartment. The cutting assembly has a higher priority than the fire-fighting assembly. The electrical equipment in the isolation and fire suppression structure is powered by an independent power supply.

[0009] When the temperature sensor detects an abnormal cell temperature, a gradual isolation measure is taken. First, the vehicle control system is notified, which then issues a warning signal to the driver to prepare for safety measures. This provides the driver with sufficient time to find a safe parking environment. During this process, the battery control system reduces the discharge power of all cells to minimize the impact on other normal cells. While maintaining the electrical connection of the faulty cell, the discharge current of all cells can be controlled by the current limiting device to ensure the safety of the overall system. Then, in a safe situation, the electrical connection with the faulty cell is cut off by the disconnection component. If the temperature sensor still detects an abnormal cell temperature after disconnecting the faulty cell's wires, the fire suppression component intervenes to extinguish the fire in the cell chamber containing the faulty cell by injecting carbon dioxide gas to reduce the risk of spontaneous combustion of the faulty cell.

[0010] The fire-fighting assembly includes a carbon dioxide cylinder for storing extinguishing gas. The output end of the carbon dioxide cylinder is equipped with a second main gas pipe for transmitting carbon dioxide gas to a second fixed horizontal pipe. A second main solenoid valve is installed on the second main gas pipe to control the on / off state of the second main gas pipe. The output end of the second main gas pipe is also equipped with a second fixed horizontal pipe for laterally distributing gas to multiple outlet pipes. These outlet pipes directionally inject carbon dioxide gas into the battery cell chamber. The outer wall of the second fixed horizontal pipe is equipped with multiple outlet pipes arranged equidistantly from left to right. Each outlet pipe is equipped with a second auxiliary solenoid valve to control the extinguishing action of the corresponding battery cell chamber. The multiple outlet pipes are connected to multiple battery cell chambers respectively.

[0011] Preferred, such as Figure 4 As shown, the top of the inner wall of the box cover is provided with multiple pressure rods. The bottom end of the pressure rods abuts against the top of the heat insulation top plate, and the bottom of the heat insulation top plate abuts against the top of the second heat insulation plate. The pressure rods are used to press the heat insulation top plate and the second heat insulation plate together to ensure the stability of the heat insulation structure.

[0012] Preferred, such as Figure 3 As shown, a frame-shaped positioning block is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the battery cell, and the bottom of the battery cell is located inside the frame-shaped positioning block. The frame-shaped positioning block is used to fix the bottom of the battery cell and prevent displacement.

[0013] Preferred, combined Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, multiple rectangular blocks are provided at equal intervals on both the front and rear edges of the bottom of the heat insulation top plate. The rectangular blocks are used to support and fix the rectangular positioning sleeves. The bottoms of two rectangular blocks arranged opposite each other are connected to the rectangular positioning sleeves. The multiple rectangular positioning sleeves are located in multiple cell chambers. The rectangular positioning sleeves are used to fit the top of the cell and restrict its displacement. The top of the cell is located inside the rectangular positioning sleeve. The top of the rectangular positioning sleeve has a strip hole for the cell electrode post to pass through. The strip hole is used for the cell electrode post to pass through and connect with the conductive sleeve.

[0014] The top of the heat-insulating top plate is provided with multiple conductive pillars, which are used to conduct the current of the battery cells. The wires connecting the multiple battery cells are located above the heat-insulating top plate to facilitate the operation of the cut-off assembly. The bottom of the conductive pillars is provided with conductive sleeves, and the electrode posts of the battery cells are inserted into the conductive sleeves to achieve electrical connection.

[0015] Preferred, combined Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, the cutting assembly includes a high-pressure gas tank for storing high-pressure gas and providing cutting power. The output end of the high-pressure gas tank is provided with a first gas guide pipe for transmitting high-pressure gas to a first fixed horizontal pipe. The first gas guide pipe is provided with a first main solenoid valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first gas guide pipe. The output end of the first gas guide pipe is provided with a first fixed horizontal pipe for laterally distributing gas to multiple gas guide vertical pipes. The outer wall of the first fixed horizontal pipe is provided with multiple gas guide vertical pipes arranged equidistantly from left to right. The gas guide vertical pipes are used to transmit gas to the piston to drive the cutting action. The gas guide vertical pipe is provided with a first auxiliary solenoid valve for controlling the opening and closing of the gas guide vertical pipe.

[0016] The rear end of the air guide tube extends into the power supply compartment. The air guide tube is located above the heat insulation top plate. A piston is slidably connected inside the air guide tube. The piston is used to convert air pressure into mechanical thrust. A push rod is provided on the rear side of the piston. The push rod is used to transmit the thrust of the piston to the connecting rod. A connecting rod is provided at the rear end of the push rod. The connecting rod is used to link multiple cutters to move synchronously. The connecting rod is arranged parallel to the left side of the power supply compartment. Multiple cutters are arranged at equal intervals on the right side of the connecting rod. Each of the multiple cutters corresponds to a multiple conductive post. The cutter is located near the front side of the top of the conductive post. The cutter is used to cut the wire at the top of the conductive post to isolate the faulty battery cell.

[0017] Preferred, such as Figure 3 As shown, the top of the first heat insulation plate has multiple clearance openings, and multiple air guide pipes pass through the multiple clearance openings respectively. The clearance openings are used to allow the air guide pipes to pass through the first heat insulation plate to connect the power supply compartment and the equipment compartment.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] 1. The electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure separates the battery cell chambers with heat insulation panels and sets up heat insulation top plates to effectively block the transfer of heat between the battery cells; at the same time, combined with the fire-fighting components to spray carbon dioxide, it suppresses the spread of fire from the source and solves the problem of heat accumulation caused by relying solely on heat insulation in the existing technology.

[0020] 2. The electric vehicle's battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure, when detecting abnormal temperature, prioritizes reducing the battery cell discharge power and issues a warning to allow the driver time to stop safely. Then, it cuts off the faulty battery cell wire to avoid safety hazards caused by sudden power outages while the vehicle is in motion.

[0021] 3. The electric vehicle features a thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure for battery cells. Temperature sensors monitor the battery cell status in real time, and the controller precisely controls the actions of the cut-off and fire suppression components via solenoid valves, ensuring rapid isolation of faulty battery cells and directional spraying of extinguishing agents, thereby improving emergency response efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the battery box in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the box cover structure in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is the second partial structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal assembly structure of the battery box in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a partially exploded structural diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This utility model Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point A;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-insulating roof panel structure in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of the cutting component in this utility model;

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Battery box; 10. Power supply compartment; 11. Equipment compartment; 12. Cell compartment; 13. Frame-shaped positioning block; 2. Box cover; 20. Pressure rod; 3. First heat insulation plate; 30. Clearance opening; 4. Second heat insulation plate; 5. Cell; 6. Temperature sensor; 7. Heat insulation top plate; 70. Rectangular fixed block; 71. Rectangular positioning sleeve; 710. Strip hole; 72. Conductive post; 720. Conductive sleeve block; 8. Cutting assembly; 8 0. High-pressure gas cylinder; 81. First main gas pipe; 82. First main solenoid valve; 83. First fixed horizontal pipe; 84. Longitudinal gas pipe; 85. First auxiliary solenoid valve; 86. Piston; 87. Push rod; 88. Connecting rod; 89. Cutter; 9. Firefighting assembly; 90. Carbon dioxide gas cylinder; 91. Second main gas pipe; 92. Second main solenoid valve; 93. Second fixed horizontal pipe; 94. Gas outlet pipe; 95. Second auxiliary solenoid valve. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0035] Please see Figures 1-11 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0036] Electric vehicle cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure, including battery box 1, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the top of the battery box 1 is connected to the box cover 2 by bolts. The box cover 2 is used to seal the battery box 1 and fix the internal components. The battery box 1 is divided into a power supply compartment 10 and an equipment compartment 11 by a first heat insulation plate 3. The first heat insulation plate 3 is used to separate the battery box 1 into the power supply compartment 10 and the equipment compartment 11 and to block heat transfer. The power supply compartment 10 is divided into multiple cell chambers 12 by multiple second heat insulation plates 4. The second heat insulation plates 4 are used to divide the power supply compartment 10 into multiple independent cell chambers 12 to prevent thermal runaway between cells 5. Multiple cells 5 are arranged in each cell chamber 12. The cells 5 are used to store and release electrical energy. Multiple cells 5 in a cell chamber 12 constitute a power supply unit. When the cutting component 8 is working, the wires of multiple cells 5 in a single cell chamber 12 will be cut. Each cell 5 is provided with a temperature sensor 6 on its side. The temperature sensor 6 is used to monitor the temperature of the cell 5 in real time and feed it back to the controller.

[0037] The top of the power supply compartment 10 is equipped with a heat-insulating top plate 7, which is used to block heat from being transferred upwards. The equipment compartment 11 is equipped with a cutting assembly 8 for cutting off wires and a fire-fighting assembly 9 for fire suppression. The cutting assembly 8 is used to cut off the electrical connection of the faulty battery cell 5 by pneumatically driving a cutter 89. The fire-fighting assembly 9 is used to spray carbon dioxide to suppress the fire. The equipment compartment 11 is also equipped with a controller, which is used to receive signals from the temperature sensor 6 and control the operation of the solenoid valves and components. According to the temperature change, the controller controls the opening and closing of the first main solenoid valve 82, the first auxiliary solenoid valve 85, the second main solenoid valve 92 and the second auxiliary solenoid valve 95. The first main solenoid valve 82 and the second main solenoid valve 92 respectively control the opening and closing of the main air circuit of the cutting assembly 8 and the fire-fighting assembly 9. The first auxiliary solenoid valve 85 and the second auxiliary solenoid valve 95 respectively control the opening and closing of the branch circuit corresponding to each battery cell compartment 12. The priority of the cutting assembly 8 is higher than that of the fire-fighting assembly 9. The electrical equipment in the isolation and fire suppression structure is powered by an independent power supply.

[0038] When temperature sensor 6 detects an abnormal temperature in cell 5, a gradual isolation measure is taken. The controller first notifies the vehicle control system, which then issues a warning signal to the driver to prepare for safety measures. This provides the driver with sufficient time to find a safe parking environment. During this process, the battery control system reduces the discharge power of all cells 5 to minimize the impact on other normal cells 5. If the electrical connection of the faulty cell 5 is still maintained, the discharge current of all cells 5 can be controlled by the current limiting device to ensure the safety of the overall system. Then, in a safe situation, the electrical connection with the faulty cell 5 is cut off by the disconnection component 8. If the temperature sensor 6 detects that the temperature of cell 5 is still abnormal after the wire of the faulty cell 5 is cut off, the fire-fighting component 9 intervenes to fire-fight the cell chamber 12 containing the faulty cell 5 by spraying carbon dioxide gas to reduce the risk of spontaneous combustion of the faulty cell 5.

[0039] The fire-fighting component 9 includes a carbon dioxide cylinder 90, which stores extinguishing gas. The output end of the carbon dioxide cylinder 90 is provided with a second gas guide pipe 91, which is used to transmit carbon dioxide gas to a second fixed horizontal pipe 93. The second gas guide pipe 91 is provided with a second main solenoid valve 92, which is used to control the opening and closing of the second gas guide pipe 91. The output end of the second gas guide pipe 91 is provided with a second fixed horizontal pipe 93, which is used to horizontally distribute gas to multiple outlet pipes 94. The outlet pipes 94 are used to directionally spray carbon dioxide gas into the battery cell chamber 12. The outer wall of the second fixed horizontal pipe 93 is provided with multiple outlet pipes 94 arranged equidistantly from left to right. The outlet pipes 94 are provided with a second auxiliary solenoid valve 95, which is used to control the extinguishing action of the corresponding battery cell chamber 12. The multiple outlet pipes 94 are respectively connected to multiple battery cell chambers 12.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the top of the inner wall of the box cover 2 is provided with multiple pressure rods 20. The bottom end of the pressure rod 20 abuts against the top of the heat insulation top plate 7, and the bottom of the heat insulation top plate 7 abuts against the top of the second heat insulation plate 4. The pressure rods 20 are used to press the heat insulation top plate 7 and the second heat insulation plate 4 to ensure the stability of the heat insulation structure.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, a frame-shaped positioning block 13 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the cell chamber 12. The bottom of the cell 5 is located inside the frame-shaped positioning block 13. The frame-shaped positioning block 13 is used to fix the bottom of the cell 5 and prevent displacement.

[0042] Furthermore, in combination Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, multiple rectangular blocks 70 are provided at the front and rear edges of the bottom of the heat insulation top plate 7, which are arranged at equal intervals. The rectangular blocks 70 are used to support and fix the rectangular positioning sleeve 71. The bottom of two rectangular blocks 70 arranged opposite each other are connected to the rectangular positioning sleeve 71. The multiple rectangular positioning sleeves 71 are located in multiple cell chambers 12. The rectangular positioning sleeve 71 is used to fit the top of the cell 5 and restrict its displacement. The top of the cell 5 is located inside the rectangular positioning sleeve 71. The top of the rectangular positioning sleeve 71 has a strip hole 710 for the electrode post of the cell 5 to pass through. The strip hole 710 is used for the electrode post of the cell 5 to pass through and connect with the conductive sleeve block 720.

[0043] Multiple conductive posts 72 are provided through the top of the heat insulation top plate 7. The conductive posts 72 are used to conduct the current of the battery cell 5. The wires connecting the multiple battery cells 5 are above the heat insulation top plate 7 to facilitate the operation of the cut-off assembly 8. The bottom end of the conductive post 72 is provided with a conductive sleeve 720. The electrode post of the battery cell 5 is inserted into the conductive sleeve 720 to realize electrical connection.

[0044] Furthermore, in combination Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, the cutting assembly 8 includes a high-pressure gas tank 80, which stores high-pressure gas and provides cutting power. The output end of the high-pressure gas tank 80 is provided with a first gas guide pipe 81, which transmits high-pressure gas to a first fixed horizontal pipe 83. The first gas guide pipe 81 is provided with a first main solenoid valve 82, which controls the opening and closing of the first gas guide pipe 81. The output end of the first gas guide pipe 81 is provided with a first fixed horizontal pipe 83, which distributes gas laterally to multiple gas guide vertical pipes 84. The outer wall of the first fixed horizontal pipe 83 is provided with multiple gas guide vertical pipes 84 arranged equidistantly from left to right. The gas guide vertical pipes 84 transmit gas to the piston 86 to drive the cutting action. The gas guide vertical pipes 84 are provided with a first auxiliary solenoid valve 85, which controls the opening and closing of the gas guide vertical pipes 84.

[0045] The rear end of the air guide tube 84 extends into the power supply compartment 10. The air guide tube 84 is located above the heat insulation top plate 7. A piston 86 is slidably connected inside the air guide tube 84. The piston 86 is used to convert air pressure into mechanical thrust. A push rod 87 is provided on the rear side of the piston 86. The push rod 87 is used to transmit the thrust of the piston 86 to the connecting rod 88. A connecting rod 88 is provided at the rear end of the push rod 87. The connecting rod 88 is used to link multiple cutters 89 to move synchronously. The connecting rod 88 is arranged parallel to the left side of the power supply compartment 10. Multiple cutters 89 are arranged at equal intervals on the right side of the connecting rod 88. Each cutter 89 corresponds to a multiple conductive post 72. The cutter 89 is located near the front side of the top of the conductive post 72. The cutter 89 is used to cut the wire at the top of the conductive post 72 to isolate the faulty battery cell 5.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the top of the first heat insulation plate 3 is provided with multiple clearance openings 30, and multiple air guide pipes 84 pass through the multiple clearance openings 30 respectively. The clearance openings 30 are used to allow the air guide pipes 84 to pass through the first heat insulation plate 3 to connect the power supply compartment 10 and the equipment compartment 11.

[0047] In this embodiment, when the electric vehicle cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure is in use, if the temperature sensor 6 detects an abnormal temperature in the cell 5, the controller receives the signal from the temperature sensor 6 and initiates a progressive isolation process: First, a warning signal is sent to the driver through the vehicle control system, and at the same time, the battery control system reduces the discharge power of all cells 5 and limits the current; if the temperature does not return to normal, the controller triggers the opening of the first main solenoid valve 82 and the corresponding first auxiliary solenoid valve 85 in the cut-off assembly 8, and the high-pressure gas tank 80 releases high-pressure gas. The high-pressure gas is transmitted through the first gas guide pipe 81, the first main solenoid valve 82, the first fixed horizontal pipe 83, and the target gas guide vertical pipe 84, pushing the piston 86 to drive the push rod 8. 7 and connecting rod 88 work together to cut the wire at the top of conductive post 72 with cutter 89, isolating cell 5 in the faulty cell chamber 12; if the temperature continues to be abnormal, the controller activates fire-fighting component 9, and fire extinguishing gas in carbon dioxide cylinder 90 is injected into the faulty cell chamber 12 through second gas main pipe 91, second main solenoid valve 92, second fixed horizontal pipe 93 and corresponding gas outlet pipe 94. At the same time, second auxiliary solenoid valve 95 controls the directional injection of gas to suppress the fire; during the process, first heat insulation plate 3 and second heat insulation plate 4 block heat diffusion, heat insulation top plate 7 and pressure rod 20 ensure the stability of heat insulation structure, frame positioning block 13 and rectangular positioning sleeve plate 71 fix the position of cell 5, and conductive sleeve block 720 maintains electrical connection until disconnection.

[0048] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure for electric vehicle battery cells, comprising a battery box (1), wherein a box cover (2) is bolted to the top of the battery box (1), characterized in that: The battery box (1) is divided into a power supply compartment (10) and an equipment compartment (11) by a first heat insulation plate (3). The power supply compartment (10) is divided into multiple cell chambers (12) by multiple second heat insulation plates (4). Multiple cells (5) are arranged in each cell chamber (12). Each cell (5) is equipped with a temperature sensor (6) on its side. The top of the power supply compartment (10) is equipped with a heat insulation top plate (7). The equipment compartment (11) is equipped with a cutting assembly (8) for cutting wires and a fire-fighting assembly (9) for fire protection. The protective component (9) includes a carbon dioxide tank (90), the output end of which is provided with a second gas guide pipe (91), the second gas guide pipe (91) is provided with a second main solenoid valve (92), the output end of the second gas guide pipe (91) is provided with a second fixed horizontal pipe (93), the outer wall of the second fixed horizontal pipe (93) is provided with a plurality of gas outlet pipes (94) arranged equidistantly on the left and right, the gas outlet pipes (94) are provided with a second auxiliary solenoid valve (95), and the plurality of gas outlet pipes (94) are respectively connected to a plurality of battery cell chambers (12).

2. The electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the inner wall of the box cover (2) is provided with multiple pressure rods (20), the bottom of the pressure rods (20) abuts against the top of the heat insulation top plate (7), and the bottom of the heat insulation top plate (7) abuts against the top of the second heat insulation plate (4).

3. The electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner wall of the cell chamber (12) is provided with a frame-shaped positioning block (13), and the bottom of the cell (5) is located inside the frame-shaped positioning block (13).

4. The electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation top plate (7) has multiple rectangular blocks (70) arranged equidistantly on both the front and rear sides at the bottom. The bottom of two rectangular blocks (70) arranged opposite each other is connected to a rectangular positioning sleeve (71). The multiple rectangular positioning sleeves (71) are located in multiple battery cell chambers (12). The top of the battery cell (5) is located in the rectangular positioning sleeve (71). The top of the rectangular positioning sleeve (71) is provided with a strip hole (710) through which the electrode post of the battery cell (5) passes.

5. The electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the heat-insulating top plate (7) is provided with multiple conductive posts (72), and the bottom end of the conductive posts (72) is provided with a conductive sleeve (720). The electrode posts of the battery cell (5) are inserted into the conductive sleeve (720).

6. The electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cutting assembly (8) includes a high-pressure gas tank (80), the output end of the high-pressure gas tank (80) is provided with a first gas guide pipe (81), the first gas guide pipe (81) is provided with a first main solenoid valve (82), the output end of the first gas guide pipe (81) is provided with a first fixed horizontal pipe (83), the outer wall of the first fixed horizontal pipe (83) is provided with a plurality of gas guide vertical pipes (84) arranged equidistantly on the left and right, and the gas guide vertical pipes (84) are provided with a first auxiliary solenoid valve (85).

7. The electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rear end of the air guide tube (84) extends into the power supply compartment (10). The air guide tube (84) is located above the heat insulation top plate (7). A piston (86) is slidably connected inside the air guide tube (84). A push rod (87) is provided on the rear side of the piston (86). A connecting rod (88) is provided at the rear end of the push rod (87). The connecting rod (88) is parallel to the left side of the power supply compartment (10). A plurality of cutters (89) are provided on the right side of the connecting rod (88) and are arranged at equal intervals. The plurality of cutters (89) correspond one-to-one with a plurality of conductive posts (72). The cutters (89) are located near the front side of the top of the conductive post (72).

8. The electric vehicle battery cell thermal runaway isolation and fire suppression structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the first heat insulation plate (3) is provided with multiple clearance openings (30), and multiple air guide pipes (84) pass through the multiple clearance openings (30) respectively.

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