A potato classifying and harvesting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of potato classification harvesting devices, including frame assembly, walking assembly, first guide component and second guide component.Walking assembly is set on frame assembly, including diesel engine, transmission group, walking wheel group and steering wheel group, diesel engine drives walking wheel group by transmission group, steering wheel group is independently set with walking wheel group;First guide component is located in frame assembly front end, including obliquely arranged first sieve plate and oppositely arranged first guide plate and second guide plate at the both ends of first sieve plate;Second guide component includes first shunt plate and second shunt plate, respectively close to the output side of first guide plate and second guide plate, and the output end of its respectively towards the both sides of frame assembly.The device is separated after realizing potato-soil by first sieve plate, using first guide plate and second guide plate to guide potato to both sides, then realizes bidirectional shunt output by first shunt plate and second shunt plate, significantly improves harvesting efficiency and classification accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a potato sorting and harvesting device. Background Technology

[0002] As a vital global food and cash crop, potato mechanized harvesting is a crucial aspect of modern agricultural development. Currently, mainstream potato harvesting equipment typically employs a combination of vibrating screens and conveyor belts. After separating the potatoes from the soil using screens, they are centrally transported out via a single conveyor channel. While this type of equipment can perform basic harvesting functions, in practical applications, the lack of effective grading and guiding mechanisms often results in a mixed output of harvested potatoes. This not only increases the labor costs of subsequent sorting but also affects the standardization of marketable potatoes. Particularly in large-scale planting scenarios, the traditional single-output mode of equipment severely restricts harvesting efficiency and fails to meet the demands of modern agriculture for efficient sorting and precise classification. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to propose a potato sorting and harvesting device, which realizes automatic grading and two-sided diversion of potatoes after harvesting by setting a two-way diversion and guiding mechanism, thereby solving the problems of incomplete grading and mixed output of traditional harvesting devices.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a potato sorting and harvesting device, comprising: a frame assembly, a walking assembly, a first guide assembly, and a second guide assembly. The walking assembly is mounted on the frame assembly and includes a diesel engine, a transmission assembly, a walking wheel assembly, and a steering wheel assembly. The diesel engine and the walking wheel assembly are connected by the transmission assembly. The steering wheel assembly is mounted on the frame assembly and is relatively independent of the walking wheel assembly. The first guide assembly is located at the front end of the frame assembly and includes a first sieve plate, a first guide plate, and a second guide plate. The first sieve plate is inclinedly mounted on the frame assembly, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are positioned opposite each other at both ends of the first sieve plate. The second guide assembly includes a first diverter plate and a second diverter plate. The first diverter plate is positioned near the output side of the first guide plate, and the second diverter plate is positioned near the output side of the second guide plate. The output end of the first diverter plate faces one side of the frame assembly, and the output end of the second diverter plate faces the other side of the frame assembly.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first screen plate includes a first support rod, a second support rod, and a plurality of crossbeams. The first support rod and the second support rod are arranged opposite to each other, and the plurality of crossbeams are spaced apart between the first support rod and the second support rod. The first screen plate is arranged at an angle to the front end of the frame assembly.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first guide component includes a first inlet end and a first outlet end, the first inlet end being disposed facing the front end and the first outlet end being disposed facing the rear end; a first diverter plate and a second diverter plate are disposed side by side at the first outlet end, the first diverter plate is provided with a first diverter groove, the second diverter plate is provided with a second diverter groove, the first diverter groove is connected to the first outlet end, and the second diverter plate is connected to the first outlet end.

[0007] In some embodiments, the opening size of the first inlet end is larger than the opening size of the first outlet end; the width of the first diversion channel gradually decreases from the input end of the first diversion plate to the output end of the first diversion plate according to a first preset gradient; the width of the second diversion channel gradually decreases from the input end of the second diversion plate to the output end of the second diversion plate according to a second preset gradient.

[0008] In some embodiments, the frame assembly includes a base plate support group, which includes a first side plate, a second side plate, and a front plate; the wheel assembly includes a first wheel and a second wheel, with the first wheel disposed on the first side plate and the second wheel disposed on the second side plate, and the front plate disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate, and one end of the first screen plate being connected to the front plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the frame assembly further includes a front support group, which includes a first support and a first cover plate. The first support is disposed on the base plate support group, and the first cover plate covers the first support. The diesel engine is disposed above the first cover plate, and the transmission group is connected to the output end of the diesel engine.

[0010] In some embodiments, the frame assembly further includes a rear support group, which includes a second support and a second cover plate. The second support is disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate, and is disposed away from the front plate. The second cover plate is disposed on the second support. The walking assembly further includes a first reducer, which is disposed on the second cover plate. The first reducer is connected to the diesel engine through a transmission group and is connected to the first walking wheel via a transmission.

[0011] In some embodiments, the transmission assembly includes a first pulley assembly, which is disposed between the diesel engine and the first reducer. The first pulley assembly includes a first belt, a first driving pulley, and a first driven pulley. The first driving pulley is mounted on the output end of the diesel engine, the first driven pulley is disposed on the input end of the first reducer, and the first belt is mounted on the first driving pulley and the first driven pulley.

[0012] In some embodiments, the walking assembly further includes a first rotating shaft disposed on the second cover plate, and the first rotating shaft is operatively connected to the output end of the first reducer; the transmission assembly further includes a second pulley assembly disposed between the first rotating shaft and the first walking wheel, the second pulley assembly including a second belt, a second driving pulley, and a second driven pulley, the second driving pulley being sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the second driven pulley being sleeved on the first walking wheel, and the second belt being sleeved on the second driving pulley and the second driven pulley.

[0013] In some embodiments, the rear support assembly further includes a third support and a third cover plate. The third support is disposed adjacent to the second support and is disposed on the side of the second support away from the front plate. The third cover plate is disposed on the third support. The steering wheel assembly includes a rotating wheel and a handle. The rotating wheel is disposed below the third cover plate and between the first side plate and the second side plate. The handle is disposed above the third cover plate, passes through the third cover plate and is connected to the rotating wheel. The handle can rotate relative to the third cover plate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The present invention provides a potato sorting and harvesting device, including a frame assembly, a walking assembly, a first guide assembly, and a second guide assembly. The walking assembly is set on the frame assembly and includes a diesel engine, a transmission group, a walking wheel group, and a steering wheel group. The diesel engine drives the walking wheel group through the transmission group, and the steering wheel group is set independently from the walking wheel group. The first guide assembly is located at the front end of the frame assembly and includes an inclined first screen plate and a first guide plate and a second guide plate arranged opposite to each other at both ends of the first screen plate. The second guide assembly includes a first diverting plate and a second diverting plate, respectively set near the output side of the first guide plate and the second guide plate, with their output ends facing both sides of the frame assembly. After the device separates the potato from the soil through the first screen plate, it uses the first guide plate and the second guide plate to guide the potatoes to both sides, and then achieves bidirectional diversion output through the first diverting plate and the second diverting plate, effectively solving the problems of incomplete grading and mixed output of traditional harvesting devices, and significantly improving harvesting efficiency and sorting accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the sorting and harvesting device described in the specific implementation method;

[0017] Figure 2This is a top view of the sorting and harvesting device described in the specific implementation method;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a side view of the classified harvesting device described in the specific implementation method;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the second pulley assembly in a specific implementation method;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the steering wheel assembly described in the specific implementation method.

[0021] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows:

[0022] 1. Frame assembly; 11. Base plate support assembly; 12. Front support assembly; 13. Rear support assembly; 131. Third support; 132. Third cover plate;

[0023] 2. Walking assembly; 21. Diesel engine; 22. Transmission assembly; 221. First pulley assembly; 222. Second pulley assembly; 23. Walking wheel assembly; 231. First walking wheel; 232. Second walking wheel; 24. Steering wheel assembly; 241. Rotating wheel; 242. Handle; 25. First reducer; 26. First shaft;

[0024] 3. First guide assembly; 31. First sieve plate; 311. First support rod; 312. Second support rod; 313. Crossbeam; 32. First guide plate; 33. Second guide plate;

[0025] 4. Second guide assembly; 41. First splitter plate; 42. Second splitter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be particularly noted that the following embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the following embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1 to 5This embodiment provides a potato sorting and harvesting device, including: a frame assembly 1, a walking assembly 2, a first guide assembly 3, and a second guide assembly 4. The walking assembly 2 is mounted on the frame assembly 1 and includes a diesel engine 21, a transmission assembly 22, a walking wheel assembly 23, and a steering wheel assembly 24. The diesel engine 21 and the walking wheel assembly 23 are connected by the transmission assembly 22. The steering wheel assembly 24 is mounted on the frame assembly 1 and is relatively independent of the walking wheel assembly 23. The first guide assembly 3 is located at the front end of the frame assembly 1 and includes a first screen. The frame assembly 4 includes a screen plate 31, a first guide plate 32, and a second guide plate 33. The first screen plate 31 is inclinedly disposed on the frame assembly 1, and the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33 are disposed opposite each other at both ends of the first screen plate 31. The second guide assembly 4 includes a first diverter plate 41 and a second diverter plate 42. The first diverter plate 41 is disposed near the output side of the first guide plate 32, and the second diverter plate 42 is disposed near the output side of the second guide plate 33. The output end of the first diverter plate 41 is disposed facing one side of the frame assembly 1, and the output end of the second diverter plate 42 is disposed facing the other side of the frame assembly 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the frame assembly 1 is the main steel structure supporting the overall device, preferably formed by welding rectangular tubes to ensure load-bearing strength. In the walking assembly 2, the diesel engine 21 drives the walking wheel assembly 23 through the transmission assembly 22 to achieve movement. The steering wheel assembly 24 is independently set at the rear of the frame assembly 1, preferably using a universal wheel structure to improve turning flexibility in the field. Preferably, the transmission assembly 22 is a chain drive mechanism.

[0029] In the first guiding assembly 3, preferably, the first screen plate 31 is a corrugated screen structure with an inclination angle of 15°-25°, used for preliminary separation of soil and potatoes; the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33 are arc-shaped and guide the potatoes to move to both sides respectively. In the second guiding assembly 4, the first diverting plate 41 and the second diverting plate 42 are adjustable-angle metal guide plates, and their output ends extend to the left and right sides of the frame assembly 1 respectively, forming a bidirectional diversion channel.

[0030] When the device is working, the diesel engine 21 drives the walking wheel set 23 forward. The dug potatoes are vibrated and screened by the first screen plate 31 along with the soil, and then slide to both sides along the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33 respectively. The first diversion plate 41 and the second diversion plate 42 further guide the potatoes that have slid down to the left and right sides of the frame assembly 1, so as to realize bidirectional output after grading.

[0031] This embodiment effectively solves the mixing problem caused by the single output of traditional harvesting devices by the synergistic effect of screening and guiding, and significantly improves sorting efficiency. The first screen enhances the soil separation effect, the first diversion plate 41 and the second diversion plate 42 adapt to the diversion needs of potatoes of different sizes, and the independent steering wheel set 24 improves field mobility. This embodiment achieves simultaneous harvesting and grading while ensuring reliability, and reduces the cost of subsequent sorting operations.

[0032] In some embodiments, the first screen plate 31 includes a first support rod 311, a second support rod 312, and a plurality of crossbeams 313. The first support rod 311 and the second support rod 312 are arranged opposite to each other, and the plurality of crossbeams 313 are spaced apart between the first support rod 311 and the second support rod 312. The first screen plate 31 is arranged at an angle to the front end of the frame assembly 1.

[0033] In this embodiment, the first sieve plate 31 refers to a grid structure composed of a first support rod 311, a second support rod 312, and multiple crossbeams 313. The first support rod 311 and the second support rod 312 are arranged in parallel, and the multiple crossbeams 313 are welded between them at equal intervals to form a sieve. The first sieve plate 31 is inclined at an angle of 15°-25° to the front end of the frame assembly 1, and is used to receive harvested potatoes and achieve preliminary separation of potatoes from soil. The first support rod 311 and the second support rod 312 are preferably made of square steel to ensure structural strength, and the crossbeams 313 are preferably made of round steel to reduce the overall weight. Furthermore, the sieve hole spacing is set according to the minimum grading size of the potatoes to ensure effective separation of small-diameter potato tubers from the soil.

[0034] In this embodiment, the first sieve plate 31 vibrates and screens the soil through an inclined grid structure as the device moves, allowing soil to leak out through the gaps in the crossbeams 313. Potatoes then slide down the sieve surface to the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33, balancing screening efficiency with material flowability. The combined structure of the first support rod 311, the second support rod 312, and the crossbeams 313 ensures strength while reducing power consumption. The equally spaced crossbeams 313 form a uniform screening channel, preventing potato chunks from getting stuck. This structure solves the problems of easy clogging and incomplete separation in traditional flat sieve plates, significantly improving soil-potato separation efficiency and grading accuracy.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first guide component 3 includes a first inlet end and a first outlet end, the first inlet end being disposed facing the front end and the first outlet end being disposed facing the rear end; a first diverter plate 41 and a second diverter plate 42 are disposed side by side at the first outlet end, the first diverter plate 41 is provided with a first diverter groove, the second diverter plate 42 is provided with a second diverter groove, the first diverter groove is connected to the first outlet end, and the second diverter plate 42 is connected to the first outlet end.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first inlet end refers to the input end of the first guide component 3 near the forward direction of the harvesting device, and adopts a flared structure to expand the material receiving range; the first outlet end is the output end of the first guide component 3, and its width matches that of the second guide component 4 to ensure smooth material transition. The first diversion plate 41 and the second diversion plate 42 are symmetrically arranged arc-shaped guide plates, preferably made of stainless steel to enhance wear resistance, and the distance between them is set according to the potato grading standard. Preferably, the first diversion trough and the second diversion trough have a gradually expanding groove structure, which are respectively connected to the first outlet end to form a bidirectional diversion channel to guide the potato tubers to slide down naturally.

[0037] In this embodiment, potatoes separated by the first sieve plate 31 slide out from the first outlet end and are then bidirectionally graded and guided through the first and second diversion channels. The funnel-shaped inlet end effectively collects screened material, and the symmetrically arranged arc-shaped first and second diversion plates 41 and 42, together with the first and second diversion channels, form a stable diversion path, preventing potato chunks from accumulating and colliding. The stainless steel material ensures that it is not easily deformed during long-term use, and the specific tilt angle design balances diversion efficiency and damage prevention requirements. The overall structure solves the mixing problem caused by traditional single-channel output, significantly improving grading accuracy and harvesting smoothness.

[0038] In some embodiments, the opening size of the first inlet end is larger than the opening size of the first outlet end; the width of the first diversion channel gradually decreases from the input end of the first diversion plate 41 to the output end of the first diversion plate 41 according to a first preset gradient; the width of the second diversion channel gradually decreases from the input end of the second diversion plate 42 to the output end of the second diversion plate 42 according to a second preset gradient.

[0039] In this embodiment, the opening size of the first inlet end is larger than that of the first outlet end, forming a tapered transition structure to gradually gather dispersed materials into the diversion area. The width of the first and second diversion channels adopts a gradient decreasing design, wherein the first and second preset gradients are set according to the potato grading requirements, preferably with a reduction of 10-15mm for every 100mm of length. The input end of the first diversion plate 41 is seamlessly connected to the first outlet end, and its output end can be connected to the subsequent sorting mechanism; the second diversion plate 42 adopts the same structural configuration, and the two are symmetrically arranged to form a dual-channel sorting path. The gradient change design of the channel width ensures that the material is gradually graded during the conveying process.

[0040] This embodiment achieves efficient material collection through a gradually narrowing first inlet, and completes automatic grading in conjunction with a first and second diversion trough with gradient width changes. The reasonable transition of the opening size avoids material blockage, and the width variation of the first and second diversion troughs allows potato chunks of different sizes to be naturally separated during transport. Larger materials are preferentially discharged from the wider part of the trough, while smaller materials continue to be transported along the gradually narrowing channel, achieving non-powered grading. This solves the problems of high energy consumption and insufficient grading accuracy of traditional sorting devices, significantly reducing mechanical damage rate while ensuring sorting efficiency.

[0041] In some embodiments, the frame assembly 1 includes a base plate support group 11, which includes a first side plate, a second side plate, and a front plate; the wheel assembly 23 includes a first wheel 231 and a second wheel 232, with the first wheel 231 disposed on the first side plate and the second wheel 232 disposed on the second side plate, and the front plate disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate, and one end of the first sieve plate 31 connected to the front plate.

[0042] In this embodiment, the base plate support assembly 11 refers to the basic frame structure supporting the entire harvesting device, consisting of a first side plate, a second side plate, and a front plate. It is preferably made of channel steel to enhance structural strength. The first and second side plates are arranged parallel to each other to form the main support, and the front plate connects the two plates to form a stable structure. The first and second walking wheels 231 and 232 in the walking wheel assembly 23 are symmetrically installed on the first and second side plates. Preferably, rubber-coated steel wheels are used to adapt to the field working environment. The first screen plate 31 can be connected to the front plate by bolts, and its installation angle is preferably 15°-25° to optimize the material slippage effect.

[0043] In this embodiment, the rigid frame of the base plate support assembly 11 provides stable support, while the walking wheel assembly 23 enables flexible movement of the device. The inclined connection between the first sieve plate 31 and the front plate forms a preliminary screening surface. When the device moves, the soil and potato mixture is separated by vibration through the first sieve plate 31. The channel steel structure of the base plate support assembly 11 ensures overall torsional resistance, and the rubber-coated first and second walking wheels 231 and 232 reduce ground pressure damage. This solves the problems of loose structure and poor movement stability of traditional harvesting devices, significantly improving field passability and operational reliability while ensuring screening efficiency.

[0044] In some embodiments, the frame assembly 1 further includes a front support group 12, which includes a first support and a first cover plate. The first support is disposed on the base plate support group 11, and the first cover plate covers the top of the first support. The diesel engine 21 is disposed above the first cover plate, and the transmission group 22 is connected to the output end of the diesel engine 21.

[0045] In this embodiment, the front-end support group 12 refers to the power system support structure installed above the base plate support group 11, consisting of a first support and a first cover plate. The first support is fixed to the front plate position of the base plate support group 11, preferably using a square tube welded frame structure to provide stable support. The first cover plate is bolted onto the first support to form a flat installation platform, preferably made of anti-slip steel plate. The diesel engine 21 is installed above the first cover plate, and its output end is preferably connected to the transmission group 22 via a pulley for easy power transmission and maintenance. Furthermore, the transmission group 22 includes standard components such as a gearbox and a drive shaft, used to transmit power from the diesel engine 21 to various working parts of the harvesting device.

[0046] In this embodiment, the front-end support assembly 12 provides a stable mounting foundation for the diesel engine 21, and the anti-slip design of the first cover plate ensures that the power equipment does not shift during operation. The diesel engine 21 efficiently transmits power to the screening mechanism and the walking system via the transmission assembly 22. The overall layout is compact and reasonable, solving the problems of unstable installation and large vibration of the power system of the harvesting device, significantly improving power transmission efficiency and equipment operation stability, while facilitating daily maintenance and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0047] In some embodiments, the frame assembly 1 further includes a rear support group 13, which includes a second support and a second cover plate. The second support is disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate, and is disposed away from the front plate. The second cover plate is disposed on the second support. The walking assembly 2 further includes a first reducer 25, which is disposed on the second cover plate. The first reducer 25 is connected to the diesel engine 21 through a transmission group 22, and is drivenly connected to the first walking wheel 231.

[0048] In this embodiment, the rear support group 13 refers to the auxiliary support structure located at the tail of the frame assembly 1, consisting of a second support and a second cover plate. The second support can be a welded frame made of channel steel, vertically connected between the first side plate and the second side plate; the second cover plate is fixed to the upper surface of the second support by bolts, forming a flat equipment mounting surface. The first reducer 25 adopts a gear reducer structure, fixed to the second cover plate by bolts. Its input end is connected to the diesel engine 21 through the transmission group 22, and its output end can transmit power to the first traveling wheel 231 through a chain or drive shaft. This arrangement makes the power transmission path compact and reasonable, facilitating equipment maintenance.

[0049] In this embodiment, the rear support assembly 13 provides a stable mounting platform for the first reducer 25. Power from the diesel engine 21 is transmitted to the first reducer 25 via the transmission assembly 22, and then drives the first traveling wheel 231 through a reduction and torque amplification effect. The symmetrical arrangement of the second support enhances the overall structural rigidity, and the horizontal mounting surface of the second cover plate ensures smooth operation of the reducer. This embodiment achieves a reasonable layout of the power system, solving the problems of low transmission efficiency and unstable movement. While ensuring reliable power transmission, it significantly improves the device's passability in complex terrain.

[0050] In some embodiments, the transmission group 22 includes a first pulley group 221, which is disposed between the diesel engine 21 and the first reducer 25. The first pulley group 221 includes a first belt, a first driving pulley, and a first driven pulley. The first driving pulley is sleeved on the output end of the diesel engine 21, the first driven pulley is disposed on the input end of the first reducer 25, and the first belt is sleeved on the first driving pulley and the first driven pulley.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first pulley assembly 221 refers to a belt drive mechanism for connecting the diesel engine 21 and the first reducer 25, consisting of a first driving pulley, a first driven pulley, and a first belt. The first driving pulley is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the diesel engine 21 via a key connection, and is preferably made of cast iron to improve wear resistance. The first driven pulley is mounted on the input shaft of the first reducer 25 in the same manner, and its diameter can be designed according to the reduction ratio requirements. The first belt is preferably a V-belt or a synchronous belt, which is fitted between the two pulleys to form a closed transmission circuit. This arrangement achieves power buffering through belt drive, effectively absorbing the vibration and impact of the diesel engine 21 during operation.

[0052] This embodiment achieves flexible transmission between the diesel engine 21 and the first reducer 25 through the first pulley assembly 221. When the first drive pulley rotates with the diesel engine 21, it drives the first belt and the first driven pulley to rotate, smoothly transmitting power to the first reducer 25. The elastic characteristics of the belt drive effectively alleviate the impact load on the power system and reduce transmission noise. Simultaneously, the speed ratio can be adjusted by changing the diameter ratio of the first drive pulley and the first driven pulley. This embodiment solves the vibration transmission problem caused by rigid connections, extends the service life of the reducer, and facilitates belt maintenance and replacement, significantly improving the reliability and adaptability of the transmission system.

[0053] In some embodiments, the walking assembly 2 further includes a first rotating shaft 26, which is disposed on the second cover plate and is connected to the output end of the first reducer 25. The transmission assembly 22 further includes a second pulley assembly 222, which is disposed between the first rotating shaft 26 and the first walking wheel 231. The second pulley assembly 222 includes a second belt, a second driving wheel, and a second driven wheel. The second driving wheel is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 26, the second driven wheel is sleeved on the first walking wheel 231, and the second belt is sleeved on the second driving wheel and the second driven wheel.

[0054] In this embodiment, the first rotating shaft 26 refers to the drive shaft connecting the output end of the first reducer 25 and the second pulley assembly 222. It is fixedly mounted on the second cover plate via a bearing seat and is preferably made of medium carbon steel to balance strength and toughness. The second pulley assembly 222 refers to a secondary transmission mechanism connecting the first rotating shaft 26 and the first traveling wheel 231. Its second driving pulley is fixedly sleeved on the first rotating shaft 26 via a key connection, and the second driven pulley is mounted on the axle of the first traveling wheel 231 in the same manner. The second belt can be a transmission belt of the same type as the first belt, forming a second-stage flexible transmission circuit. This secondary transmission arrangement achieves a reasonable extension of the power transmission path, enabling the first traveling wheel 231 to obtain a suitable rotational speed.

[0055] In this embodiment, the output power of the first reducer 25 is transmitted to the second pulley group 222 via the first rotating shaft 26. After secondary transmission through the second driving pulley, the second belt, and the second driven pulley, the first traveling wheel 231 is driven to rotate. This two-stage transmission structure maintains the buffering and vibration reduction advantages of belt transmission, and also allows for flexible adjustment of the power transmission direction through the transition connection of the first rotating shaft 26. This effectively solves the problem of limited speed ratio in single-stage transmission, enabling the traveling wheel group 23 to obtain a more reasonable speed and torque. At the same time, by distributing the transmission load, the service life of each transmission component is extended, improving the adaptability and reliability of the device under different working conditions.

[0056] In some embodiments, the rear support assembly 13 further includes a third support 131 and a third cover plate 132. The third support 131 is disposed adjacent to the second support and is disposed on the side of the second support away from the front plate. The third cover plate 132 is disposed on the third support 131. The steering wheel assembly 24 includes a rotating wheel 241 and a handle 242. The rotating wheel 241 is disposed below the third cover plate 132 and is disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate. The handle 242 is disposed above the third cover plate 132, passes through the third cover plate 132 and is connected to the rotating wheel 241. The handle 242 can rotate relative to the third cover plate 132.

[0057] In this embodiment, the third bracket 131 refers to an auxiliary support structure arranged parallel to the second bracket. It can be a welded frame made of the same channel steel as the second bracket and is fixedly connected to the tail of the frame assembly 1 by bolts. The third cover plate 132 refers to a bearing platform installed on the upper surface of the third bracket 131. It is preferably made of steel plate and forms a similar mounting plane with the second cover plate. The steering wheel assembly 24 is a mechanical component used for steering. Its rotating wheel 241 is installed below the third cover plate 132 by bearings. It is preferably made of cast iron hub with rubber tread. The handle 242 is a steering operating lever that passes through the third cover plate 132. It can be linked with the rotating wheel 241 through a keyway structure. Preferably, a non-slip rubber grip is added to the upper part of the handle 242 to improve operating comfort.

[0058] This embodiment expands the load-bearing capacity of the rear support assembly 13 by adding a third bracket 131 and a third cover plate 132, providing a stable mounting base for the steering wheel assembly 24. When the operator turns the handle 242, the torque is transmitted to the rotating wheel 241 through the through structure, causing it to deflect and thus changing the direction of travel of the device. This steering mechanism works in conjunction with the walking assembly 2, maintaining the overall structural strength of the rear support assembly 13 while achieving flexible steering control of the device, effectively solving the problem of cumbersome steering of the device. By optimizing the force transmission path, the steering torque is reduced, significantly improving the mobility and ease of use of the equipment in confined spaces.

[0059] By adopting the above technical solution, this utility model differs from the prior art. Through the coordinated operation of the frame component 1, the walking component 2, and the guiding component, it achieves automatic sorting and bidirectional dispersion collection of potatoes after harvesting. When the device is working, the diesel engine 21 drives the walking wheel set 23 forward. The excavated potatoes, along with the soil, are vibrated and screened by the first screen plate 31, and then slide along the first guide plate 32 and the second guide plate 33 through the first outlet end to the second guiding component 4. The first diversion plate 41 and the second diversion plate 42 of the second guiding component 4 further guide the potatoes sliding down from both sides to the left and right sides of the frame component 1, forming a bidirectional output channel after grading. The gradually narrowing design of the first and second diversion channels allows the potatoes to naturally separate according to size during the sliding process. Larger-sized materials are discharged from the wider inlet, while smaller-sized materials continue to be transported along the gradually narrowing channel, ultimately achieving the effect of automatically dividing the harvested potatoes into two groups and dispersing them to both sides of the device. This bidirectional, decentralized collection method not only solves the mixing problem caused by the single output of traditional harvesting devices, but also allows potatoes to be discharged in an orderly manner as individual potatoes, avoiding the tedious process of subsequent manual sorting and reducing collision damage to potatoes during collection. The independent setting of the steering wheel group 24 and the walking component 2 ensures the device's steering flexibility during field operations, while the multi-stage transmission system ensures the stability of power transmission, making the entire harvesting and sorting process more efficient and reliable.

[0060] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and does not limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are similarly included in the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A potato sorting and harvesting device, characterized in that, include: Framework components; A traveling assembly is mounted on the frame assembly. The traveling assembly includes a diesel engine, a transmission assembly, a traveling wheel assembly, and a steering wheel assembly. The diesel engine and the traveling wheel assembly are connected via the transmission assembly. The steering wheel assembly is mounted on the frame assembly and is relatively independent of the traveling wheel assembly. A first guide component is disposed at the front end of the frame component. The first guide component includes a first screen plate, a first guide plate, and a second guide plate. The first screen plate is inclinedly disposed on the frame component, and the first guide plate and the second guide plate are disposed opposite to each other at both ends of the first screen plate. The second guide assembly includes a first splitter plate and a second splitter plate. The first splitter plate is disposed near the output side of the first guide plate, and the second splitter plate is disposed near the output side of the second guide plate. The output end of the first splitter plate is disposed facing one side of the frame assembly, and the output end of the second splitter plate is disposed facing the other side of the frame assembly.

2. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first screen plate includes a first support rod, a second support rod, and a plurality of crossbeams. The first support rod and the second support rod are arranged opposite to each other, and the plurality of crossbeams are spaced apart between the first support rod and the second support rod. The first screen plate is arranged at an angle to the front end of the frame assembly.

3. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first guide component includes a first inlet end and a first outlet end, wherein the first inlet end is positioned facing the front end and the first outlet end is positioned facing the back end; The first diverter plate and the second diverter plate are arranged side by side at the first outlet end. The first diverter plate is provided with a first diverter groove, and the second diverter plate is provided with a second diverter groove. The first diverter groove is connected to the first outlet end, and the second diverter plate is connected to the first outlet end.

4. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The opening size of the first inlet end is larger than the opening size of the first outlet end; The width of the first diversion channel gradually decreases from the input end of the first diversion plate to the output end of the first diversion plate according to a first preset gradient; The width of the second diversion channel gradually decreases from the input end of the second diversion plate to the output end of the second diversion plate according to a second preset gradient.

5. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame assembly includes a base plate support group, which includes a first side plate, a second side plate, and a front plate. The walking wheel assembly includes a first walking wheel and a second walking wheel. The first walking wheel is disposed on the first side plate, and the second walking wheel is disposed on the second side plate. The front plate is disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate, and one end of the first sieve plate is connected to the front plate.

6. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The frame assembly also includes a front-end support group, which includes a first support and a first cover plate. The first support is disposed on the base plate support group, and the first cover plate covers the first support. The diesel engine is disposed above the first cover plate, and the transmission group is connected to the output end of the diesel engine.

7. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The frame assembly also includes a rear support group, which includes a second support and a second cover plate. The second support is disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate, and the second support is disposed away from the front plate. The second cover plate is disposed on the second support. The walking component also includes: The first reducer is mounted on the second cover plate. The first reducer is connected to the diesel engine through the transmission assembly and is also connected to the first traveling wheel via a transmission connection.

8. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes: A first pulley assembly is disposed between the diesel engine and the first reducer. The first pulley assembly includes a first belt, a first driving pulley, and a first driven pulley. The first driving pulley is mounted on the output end of the diesel engine, and the first driven pulley is disposed on the input end of the first reducer. The first belt is mounted on the first driving pulley and the first driven pulley.

9. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The walking component also includes: A first rotating shaft is mounted on the second cover plate, and the first rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the first reducer. The transmission assembly also includes: The second pulley assembly is disposed between the first rotating shaft and the first traveling wheel. The second pulley assembly includes a second belt, a second driving pulley, and a second driven pulley. The second driving pulley is sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the second driven pulley is sleeved on the first traveling wheel, and the second belt is sleeved on the second driving pulley and the second driven pulley.

10. The potato sorting and harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rear support assembly also includes: The third bracket is disposed adjacent to the second bracket, and the third bracket is disposed on the side of the second bracket away from the front panel; The third cover plate is mounted on the third bracket; The steering wheel assembly includes: A rotating wheel is disposed below the third cover plate, and the rotating wheel is disposed between the first side plate and the second side plate; A handle is disposed above the third cover plate, the handle passes through the third cover plate and is connected to the rotating wheel, and the handle can rotate relative to the third cover plate.

Images