A transverse pushing-off potato soil separation type intelligent potato picking device and separation method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of transverse push-off potato-soil separation type intelligent potato picking device and separation method, and the potato and soil block after excavation reach the paving device by picking shovel and lifting device, and the paving device realizes the paving of potato and soil block;Paved potato and soil block enter the transverse push-off device of push-off section, and be distributed between adjacent two cylinders in a straight line, and the transverse push-off device circulates along vertical double-ring guide rail, and the electric push rod between adjacent two cylinders is stretched in push-off section, and potato and soil block are pushed to the potato-soil separation device at one end, and the electric push rod between adjacent two cylinders is contracted in shrink section;The machine vision system of potato-soil separation device identifies the potato and soil block pushed by transverse push-off device, if it is identified that the falling is soil block, then baffle spring device pushes baffle and quickly opens soil block, if it is identified that the falling is potato, then baffle maintains unmoved, and potato falls to the lower conveying belt, and potato-soil separation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a transverse pushing and soil separating intelligent potato picking device and separation method. Background Technology

[0002] Potato harvesting involves two stages: first, digging the potatoes to the soil surface, and second, collecting the dug potatoes. When the soil is heavy and clayey, the dug potatoes are accompanied by a large amount of soil clumps. Traditional vibratory separation and collection devices, while breaking up the soil clumps, often damage the potatoes, frequently resulting in potatoes being crushed while the soil clumps remain intact. This leads to a low net potato yield and excessive damage. A literature search revealed no effective method or device for separating potato potatoes from soil under heavy clayey soil conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a horizontally pushing and separating intelligent potato picking device and method, which can separate potatoes from soil clods after digging in heavy clay soil and pick up the potatoes.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a lateral pushing and soil separating intelligent potato picking device, comprising a frame, and a picking shovel, a lifting device, a leveling device, and a vertical double-track annular guide rail installed sequentially from front to back on the frame. Multiple lateral pushing devices that move in a ring along the vertical double-track annular guide rail are mounted on the vertical double-track annular guide rail. Each lateral pushing device is equipped with a potato-soil separating device. The upper layer of the vertical double-track annular guide rail is a pushing section, and the lower layer is a contraction section. The potato-soil separating device in the pushing section is located below one end of the lateral pushing device. The lateral pushing device includes two cylinders and an electric push rod that pushes the potatoes and soil clods between the two cylinders towards one end of the cylinder. The potato-soil separating device includes a machine vision system and a baffle located below the material falling end of the cylinder. The potato-soil separating device also includes a baffle spring device that pushes the baffle to move laterally.

[0005] In this solution, potatoes and soil clods are picked up by a picking shovel after digging. A lifting device then elevates the picked-up potatoes and soil clods to a leveling device, which spreads them evenly to prevent accumulation. The potatoes and soil clods are then conveyed to a lateral pushing device, where they are arranged in a straight line on a cylinder. An electric pusher pushes the potatoes and soil clods down into a potato-soil separation device. The machine vision system of the potato-soil separation device identifies the potatoes and soil clods falling from the lateral pushing device and separates them by the movement of baffles. The straight-line distribution of potatoes and soil between the cylinders of the lateral pushing device prevents damage to the potatoes, ensuring harvest quality. Furthermore, the rapid and accurate identification by the machine vision system and the rapid movement of the baffles in the baffle-moving device achieve potato-soil separation. This overcomes the drawback of poor soil separation during mechanized harvesting in heavy clay soil conditions and effectively saves labor costs.

[0006] As an optimization, the baffle springing device includes a telescopic electromagnet that pushes the baffle to one side and a spring that pushes the baffle to the other side. In this design, the baffle springing device operates by energizing or de-energizing the telescopic electromagnet. When the telescopic electromagnet is energized, it attracts the baffle and quickly springs away the soil clods; when the telescopic electromagnet is de-energized, the spring pushes the baffle to quickly spring away the soil clods.

[0007] As an optimization, the system also includes a collection box and a conveyor belt that transports the potatoes from below the potato-soil separation device to the collection box. The conveyor belt transports the separated potatoes to the collection box, which collects the separated potatoes.

[0008] As an optimization, the feed end of the conveyor belt extends between the push-off section and the contraction section. This facilitates the conveying of potatoes falling from the push-off section.

[0009] As an optimization, the paving device includes multiple rollers arranged in parallel front to back. The upper end of each roller rotates backward, and each roller has helical protrusions. The helical protrusions on adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions. In this design, potatoes and soil clods are paved by two adjacent helical protrusions with opposite rotation directions, and the potatoes can be separated from the soil clods.

[0010] As an optimization, the height of the multiple rollers gradually decreases from front to back. This facilitates the rearward conveying of potatoes and clods of soil onto the lateral pushing device.

[0011] As an optimization, the lifting device includes an upwardly inclined belt conveyor and a soil screening and conveying device, with conveying baffles fixedly connected to the belt conveyor. In this solution, the belt conveyor achieves the backward conveying of potatoes, and the soil screening and conveying device separates fine soil clods from the potatoes and achieves the backward conveying of potatoes.

[0012] As an optimization, the baffle moves laterally along its thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle gradually increases from top to bottom. This increases the distance at which the soil clods bounce off, thus improving the separation effect between the potatoes and the soil clods.

[0013] As an optimization, a push plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod. The lower end of the push plate is tapered and inserted between the two cylinders. This facilitates pushing the potatoes and clods of soil between the two cylinders to one end.

[0014] A method for separating potatoes and soil clods using a smart potato picking device includes the following steps:

[0015] a. After being dug up, the potatoes and soil clods are picked up by a shovel and lifted to a leveling device. The leveling device spreads the potatoes and soil clods evenly. During leveling, multiple rollers with spiral protrusions on the leveling device rotate, with adjacent rollers having opposite spiral directions, thus spreading the potatoes and soil clods evenly and preventing them from piling up.

[0016] b. After being laid out, the potatoes and soil clods enter the lateral pushing device of the pushing section, which is distributed in a straight line between two adjacent parallel cylinders. The lateral pushing device moves cyclically along the vertical double-rail circular guide rail. In the pushing section, the electric push rod between the two adjacent cylinders extends, pushing the potatoes and soil clods to the potato-soil separation device below one end. In the contraction section, the electric push rod between the two adjacent cylinders contracts.

[0017] c. The machine vision system of the potato-soil separation device identifies the potatoes and soil clods pushed down by the lateral pushing device. If the falling potatoes are identified as soil clods, the baffle springing device pushes the baffle to quickly spring away the soil clods. If the falling potatoes are identified as potatoes, the baffle remains stationary, and the potatoes fall onto the conveyor belt below, thus achieving potato-soil separation. When the baffle springing device is working, it is activated by energizing or de-energizing the telescopic electromagnet. When the telescopic electromagnet is energized, it attracts the baffle to quickly spring away the soil clods. When the telescopic electromagnet is de-energized, the spring pushes the baffle to quickly spring away the soil clods.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a transverse pushing and soil separation type intelligent potato picking device and separation method. The electric push rod of the transverse pushing device pushes the potatoes and soil clods to one side. Combined with the information of potatoes and soil clods identified by the machine vision system, the baffle in the baffle springing device moves rapidly to spring away the soil clods and collect the potatoes, thus achieving potato-soil separation. This invention can realize the automatic separation of potatoes and soil clods after digging, reduce the potato damage rate, and improve the net potato yield. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent potato picking device of the present invention, which is a horizontal pushing and separating potato soil.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral pushing device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the potato soil separation device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the motion stages of the vertical double-rail annular guide rail of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the state of the soil block being pushed aside by the telescopic electromagnet of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the state of the soil block being pushed away by the spring-driven baffle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the state of the potato falling from one side of the baffle according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the state of the potato falling from the other side of the baffle according to the present invention;

[0027] As shown in the figure:

[0028] 1. Lifting device, 2. Roller, 3. Collection box, 4. Conveyor belt, 5. Frame, 6. Pick-up shovel, 7. Cylinder, 8. Electric push rod, 9. Telescopic electromagnet, 10. Machine vision system, 11. Baffle, 12. Vertical double-rail circular guide rail, 13. Soil clod, 14. Potato. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.

[0030] like Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a transverse push-and-separate potato intelligent picking device, which includes a frame 5, and a picking shovel 6, a lifting device 1, a flattening device and a vertical double-track ring guide rail 12 installed on the frame 5 from front to back. It also includes a collection box 3 and a conveyor belt 4 that transports potatoes 14 below the potato soil separation device to the collection box 3.

[0031] The frame 5 allows for the installation of other devices and is connected to a tractor, enabling it to move via wheels.

[0032] The picking shovel 6 is used to pick up the potatoes 14 and soil clods 13 after digging, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here; the lifting device 1 transports the picked potatoes 14 and soil clods 13 to the leveling device; in this embodiment, the lifting device 1 includes an upwardly inclined belt conveyor and a soil screening and transporting device, and the belt conveyor is fixedly connected to a conveying baffle.

[0033] The soil screening and conveying device is located between the picking shovel 6 and the belt conveyor. It is also an inclined conveyor. The conveyor belt of the soil screening and conveying device is mesh or strip, which facilitates the separation of fine soil clods and potatoes and enables the potatoes to be conveyed backward.

[0034] The tiling device includes multiple rollers 2 arranged in parallel front to back. The rollers 2 are driven to rotate by a power device. The upper end of the rollers 2 rotates backward. The rollers 2 are provided with spiral protrusions, and the spiral protrusions of adjacent rollers 2 have opposite directions of rotation.

[0035] The height of the multiple rollers 2 gradually decreases from front to back. This gives the entire paving device a certain angle, preventing the potato 14 and soil clods 13 from piling up upon reaching the paving device and achieving paving.

[0036] The vertical double-rail annular guide rail 12 is equipped with multiple lateral pushing devices that move in a ring along the vertical double-rail annular guide rail 12, such as Figure 4 As shown, the vertical double-rail annular guide rail 12 is equipped with multiple guide rail sliding blocks. The vertical double-rail annular guide rail 12 drives all the guide rail sliding blocks to move cyclically. The lateral pushing device is fixed on the guide rail sliding blocks, thereby realizing the cyclic movement of the lateral pushing device.

[0037] The upper layer of the vertical double-track annular guide rail 12 is the pushing section, and the lower layer of the vertical double-track annular guide rail 12 is the contraction section. Potatoes 14 and soil clods 13 are transported by the flattening device to the transverse pushing device of the pushing section.

[0038] The lateral pushing device is equipped with a potato soil separation device. The potato soil separation device in the pushing section is located below the lateral pushing device. When the potato soil separation device and the lateral pushing device move to the contraction section, the potato soil separation device in the pushing section is located above the lateral pushing device.

[0039] The lateral pushing device includes two cylinders 7 and an electric pusher 8 that pushes the potatoes between the two cylinders 7 toward one end of the cylinder 7. The cylinders 7 extend left and right, and the two cylinders 7 are arranged in parallel front and back. The distance between the two cylinders 7 is smaller than the diameter of the potato. The potato 14 and the soil clod 13 are transported between the two cylinders 7 by a leveling device. When each lateral pushing device passes the leveling device, the potato and soil clod are pushed by the leveling device.

[0040] An electric push rod 8 is fixed between and parallel to two cylinders 7. A push plate is fixed to the telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 8. The lower end of the push plate is conical and inserted between the two cylinders 7. The push plate pushes the potatoes and soil clods out from the ends between the two cylinders 7. The electric push rod pushes the potatoes and soil clods, which are arranged in a straight line between the two cylinders, so that the potatoes and soil clods fall one by one through the potato-soil separation device.

[0041] The potato soil separation device includes a machine vision system 10 and a baffle 11 located below the material falling end of the cylinder 7. The device also includes a baffle spring device that pushes the baffle 11 to move laterally. The baffle 11 moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle 11 gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0042] The baffle spring mechanism includes a telescopic electromagnet 9 that pushes the baffle 11 to one side and a spring that pushes the baffle 11 to the other side. The baffle 11 is fixed to the telescopic shaft of the telescopic electromagnet 9.

[0043] The conveyor belt 4 transports the separated potatoes 14 to the collection box 3; the collection box 3 collects the separated potatoes 14. In this embodiment, the feed end of the conveyor belt 4 extends between the pushing section and the shrinking section.

[0044] A method for separating potatoes and soil clods using a smart potato picking device includes the following steps:

[0045] a. After being dug up, the potatoes and soil clods are picked up by the shovel 6 and the lifting device 1 and then brought to the leveling device. The leveling device lays the potatoes and soil clods flat. During leveling, multiple rollers 2 with spiral protrusions on the leveling device rotate, and the threads of adjacent rollers 2 rotate in opposite directions to achieve the leveling of the potatoes and soil clods and prevent them from piling up.

[0046] b. After being laid out, the potatoes and soil clods enter the lateral pushing device of the pushing section, which is distributed in a straight line between two adjacent parallel cylinders 7. The lateral pushing device moves cyclically along the vertical double-rail circular guide rail. In the pushing section, the electric push rod between the two adjacent cylinders extends, pushing the potatoes and soil clods to the potato-soil separation device below one end. In the contraction section, the electric push rod between the two adjacent cylinders 7 contracts.

[0047] c. The machine vision system 10 of the potato-soil separation device identifies the potatoes and soil clods pushed down by the lateral pushing device. If the falling potatoes are identified as soil clods, the baffle springing device pushes the baffle 11 to quickly spring away the soil clods. If the falling potatoes are identified as potatoes, the baffle 11 remains stationary, and the potatoes 14 fall onto the conveyor belt below, thus achieving potato-soil separation. When the baffle springing device is working, it is activated or deactivated by the telescopic electromagnet 9. When the telescopic electromagnet 9 is activated, it attracts the baffle 11 to quickly spring away the soil clods. When the telescopic electromagnet 9 is deactivated, the spring pushes the baffle 11 to quickly spring away the soil clods 13.

[0048] Of course, the above description is not limited to the examples above. Technical features not described in this invention can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. The above embodiments and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this invention and are not intended to limit this invention. This invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this invention do not depart from the spirit of this invention and should also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A lateral push-off potato soil separation potato intelligent pickup device, characterized in that: The potato and soil separating device is arranged below the end of the cylinder (7) and includes a machine vision system (10) and a baffle (11). The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom.

2. A lateral push-off potato soil separation intelligent potato picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom.

3. A lateral push-off potato soil separation intelligent potato picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom.

4. A lateral push-off potato soil separation potato intelligent picking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom.

5. A lateral push-off potato soil separation potato intelligent picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom.

6. A lateral push-off potato soil separation potato intelligent picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom.

7. A lateral push-off potato soil separation intelligent potato picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom.

8. A lateral push-off potato soil separation potato intelligent picking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom.

9. A method of separating potatoes from clods using the intelligent potato picking device of claim 2, characterized in that, The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The baffle (11) moves laterally along the thickness direction, and the thickness of the baffle (11) gradually increases from top to bottom. The potato and soil separating device is arranged below the end of the cylinder (7) and includes b. After being laid out, the potatoes and soil clods enter the lateral pushing device of the pushing section, which is distributed in a straight line between two adjacent parallel cylinders (7). The lateral pushing device moves cyclically along the vertical double-track ring guide rail. In the pushing section, the electric push rod between the two adjacent cylinders extends and pushes the potatoes and soil clods to the potato-soil separation device below one end. In the shrinking section, the electric push rod between the two adjacent cylinders (7) shrinks. c. The machine vision system (10) of the potato-soil separation device identifies the potatoes and soil clods pushed down by the lateral pushing device. If the falling potatoes are identified as soil clods, the baffle spring device pushes the baffle (11) to spring away the soil clods. If the falling potatoes are identified as potatoes, the baffle (11) remains stationary and the potatoes fall onto the conveyor belt below, thus achieving potato-soil separation. When the baffle spring device is working, it is achieved by energizing or de-energizing the telescopic electromagnet (9). When the telescopic electromagnet (9) is energized, it attracts the baffle (11) to spring away the soil clods. When the telescopic electromagnet (9) is de-energized, the spring pushes the baffle (11) to spring away the soil clods.

Images