Large-diameter soil well mouth excavation reinforcing structure
By installing a lock wall and other reinforcement structures at the wellhead, the problems of high construction difficulty and high investment in the excavation and support of large-diameter earth wells were solved, the stability and safety of the wellhead were improved, and the construction cycle was shortened.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- POWERCHINA HUADONG ENG CORP LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
Smart Images
Figure CN224378906U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of wellhead reinforcement, and in particular to a wellhead excavation reinforcement structure for large-diameter earth wells. Background Technology
[0002] Pumped storage power stations consist of inlet / outlet, water diversion system, underground powerhouse, and tailrace system. Gate wells are generally arranged in an open layout, depending on the arrangement of the inlet / outlet structure, the geological and topographical conditions of the platform, and the project investment. For open gate wells, especially when the geological conditions at the wellhead section are mainly weathered and covered by overburden, the following measures are generally taken: Earthwork trenching is used to remove the weathered and overburdened layers at the wellhead section, and temporary slopes are constructed around the wellhead, with the slopes reinforced with shotcrete. After the temporary platform is excavated and formed, the locking ring beam and locking anchor bolts are constructed, followed by the excavation of the gate well. After the concrete lining of the gate well is completed, the area outside the trenched section of the well ring is sealed with backfilled stone.
[0003] Conventional methods for excavating and supporting the wellhead section, especially for wellheads with deep overburden or completely weathered layers, are limited by the site area constraints of the gate well platform. This results in a large overall excavation area for the wellhead section, difficulties in draining the new wellhead platform, a long construction period, and high project investment. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to improve the problems mentioned above in the prior art where the excavation and support of wellheads is limited by the site area of the gate well platform, the overall excavation range of the wellhead section is large, the drainage of the new wellhead platform is difficult, the construction period is long, and the project investment is high, this utility model provides a large-diameter earth wellhead excavation and reinforcement structure.
[0005] This utility model provides a reinforcement structure for the excavation of large-diameter earth wells, employing the following technical solution:
[0006] A large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation and reinforcement structure includes a vertical well. The wellhead of the vertical well is provided with a fully weathered section and a strongly weathered section, with the fully weathered section located above the strongly weathered section. A temporary slope is provided on the outer side of the fully weathered section, and a vertical slope is provided at the bottom of the temporary slope, with the bottom of the vertical slope flush with the strongly weathered section. A lock wall is provided between the temporary slope and the vertical slope and the vertical well, and drainage holes are provided in the lock wall.
[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the wellhead can be reinforced by setting a lock wall at the wellhead. The construction is simple, the investment is low, the support effect is obvious, and the impact on the gate well platform construction site is small. Compared with traditional reinforcement measures, this reinforcement structure can complete the second phase of lining work of the cavern with a lining lifting system during the construction period. The drainage holes can effectively remove accumulated water and reduce the soil moisture content, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the surrounding rock of the well body during the construction period.
[0008] Optionally, the surface of the temporary slope is covered with wire mesh, and concrete is sprayed onto the outside of the wire mesh.
[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, the temporary slopes can be effectively prevented from being weathered and eroded by rainwater from the surface inwards.
[0010] Optionally, both the inner and outer walls of the lock wall are provided with reinforcing steel bars, and the reinforcing steel bars adopt a double-layer structure.
[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the seismic resistance of interlocking walls can be effectively increased, making them safer and more reliable in natural disasters such as earthquakes.
[0012] Optionally, the interior of the interlock wall is provided with a number of distribution bars and a number of tie bars. The tie bars are in the shape of an "S" and their two ends are connected to two of the distribution bars respectively.
[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, the overall stability of the interlocking wall is effectively improved, and cracking caused by temperature changes or shrinkage deformation is prevented.
[0014] Optionally, the outer wall of the shaft is connected to a number of system anchors, which are vertically arranged with respect to the shaft and arranged in a quincunx pattern on the outside of the shaft.
[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the rock around the shaft wall can be reinforced through the cooperation of several system anchor bolts, enabling it to withstand the pressure of the surrounding rock and soil and maintain the stability of the shaft.
[0016] Optionally, the outer wall of the lock wall near the strongly weathered section is connected with several lock anchor rods, and the angle between the several lock anchor rods and the shaft is 15°.
[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, several interlocking anchor bolts pass through loose and unstable rock and soil, and are anchored to the deep stable rock and soil, providing sufficient tension to overcome the self-weight and sliding force of the sliding rock and soil, which can effectively prevent the well wall from sliding and collapsing.
[0018] Optionally, the outer side of the lock wall is backfilled with stone chips.
[0019] By adopting the above technical solutions, the stone chips have good compressive strength and adsorption properties, which can effectively prevent wellhead collapse and protect the safety of subsequent construction personnel.
[0020] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
[0021] By installing a lock wall at the shaft opening, the shaft opening can be reinforced. This method is easy to construct, requires low investment, provides significant support, and has minimal impact on the gate shaft platform construction site. Compared to traditional reinforcement measures, this reinforcement structure can complete the second-stage lining work of the tunnel using a single lining lifting system during the construction period. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical shaft opening section excavation support structure of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the lock wall of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interlocking wall support structure of this utility model.
[0026] In the diagram: 1. Shaft; 2. Lock wall; 3. Fully weathered section; 4. Strongly weathered section; 5. System anchor bolt; 6. Lock anchor bolt; 7. Temporary slope; 8. Vertical slope; 9. Distribution reinforcement; 10. Tie reinforcement; 11. Reinforcing steel; 12. Drainage hole. Detailed Implementation
[0027] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-3 The present invention will be described in further detail below.
[0028] Please refer to the attached diagram in the instruction manual. Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model provides an embodiment of a large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation and reinforcement structure, comprising a vertical well 1. A plurality of system anchor bolts 5 are connected to the outer wall of the vertical well 1. The system anchor bolts 5 are vertically arranged to the vertical well 1 and are arranged in a quincunx pattern on the outer side of the vertical well 1. Through the cooperation of the system anchor bolts 5, the rock surrounding the well wall of the vertical well 1 can be reinforced, enabling it to withstand the pressure of the surrounding soil and rock, and maintaining the stability of the vertical well 1.
[0029] The shaft 1 has a fully weathered section 3 and a strongly weathered section 4 at its opening, with the fully weathered section 3 located above the strongly weathered section 4. A temporary slope 7 is provided on the outer side of the fully weathered section 3, and the surface of the temporary slope 7 is covered with wire mesh, with concrete sprayed onto the outer side of the wire mesh. This effectively prevents the temporary slope 7 from being weathered and eroded by rainwater from the surface inwards.
[0030] A vertical slope 8 is installed at the bottom of the temporary slope 7, and the bottom of the vertical slope 8 is flush with the strongly weathered section 4. A lock wall 2 is installed between the temporary slope 7, the vertical slope 8, and the shaft 1. The inner and outer walls of the lock wall 2 are reinforced with reinforcing steel bars 11, and the reinforcing steel bars 11 adopt a double-layer structure. This can effectively increase the seismic resistance of the lock wall 2, making it safer and more reliable in natural disasters such as earthquakes. Drainage holes 12 are provided on the lock wall 2. The outer side of the lock wall 2 is backfilled with stone chips. Stone chips have good compressive strength and adsorption properties, which can effectively prevent the shaft from collapsing and protect the safety of subsequent construction personnel.
[0031] Several anchor bolts 6 are connected to the outer wall of the lock wall 2 on the side near the strongly weathered section 4. The angle between the anchor bolts 6 and the shaft 1 is 15°. The anchor bolts 6 pass through the loose and unstable rock and soil and are anchored to the deep stable rock and soil, providing sufficient tension to overcome the self-weight and sliding force of the sliding rock and soil, which can effectively prevent the shaft wall from sliding and collapsing.
[0032] The interior of the interlocking wall 2 is provided with several distribution ribs 9 and several tie ribs 10. The tie ribs 10 have an "S" shaped structure, and their two ends are connected to two of the distribution ribs 9 respectively. This effectively improves the overall stability of the interlocking wall 2 and prevents cracking caused by temperature changes or shrinkage deformation.
[0033] Working principle: At the fully weathered section 3 of the shaft 1 opening, the excavation is expanded by 80cm. Temporary slope 7 is excavated around the shaft body at a slope ratio of 1:0.5-1:1. Steel wire mesh is laid on the slope surface of temporary slope 7 and concrete spraying is carried out to ensure the safety and stability of the shaft opening area during the construction period.
[0034] Next, a vertical slope 8 is excavated below the toe of the temporary slope 7, with an expansion of 60-80cm. The toe of the vertical slope 8 is excavated to the strongly weathered section 4. During the excavation, a system of anchor bolts 5 is arranged vertically to the shaft wall, and the system of anchor bolts 5 is arranged in a quincunx pattern. This can reinforce the rock around the shaft wall of the shaft 1, enabling it to withstand the pressure of the surrounding rock and soil and maintain the stability of the shaft 1.
[0035] By opening drainage holes 12 on the lock wall 2, water accumulation can be effectively drained and the soil moisture content can be reduced to ensure the safety and stability of the surrounding rock of the well during construction. In addition, a lock anchor rod 6 with an outward expansion of 15° is set at the strongly weathered section 4 to provide sufficient tension for the vertical shaft 1, overcome the self-weight and sliding force of the sliding rock and soil, and effectively prevent the well wall from sliding and collapsing.
[0036] Meanwhile, by adopting a double-layer reinforced steel bar 11 for the interlock wall 2, and setting distribution bars 9 and tie bars 10 inside the interlock wall 2, the seismic resistance of the interlock wall 2 can be effectively increased, the overall stability of the interlock wall 2 can be improved, and cracking caused by temperature changes or shrinkage deformation can be prevented.
[0037] The above are all preferred embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation and reinforcement structure, comprising a vertical well (1), characterized in that: The shaft (1) is provided with a fully weathered section (3) and a strongly weathered section (4) at the wellhead, and the fully weathered section (3) is located above the strongly weathered section (4). A temporary slope (7) is provided on the outside of the fully weathered section (3). A vertical slope (8) is provided at the bottom of the temporary slope (7), and the bottom of the vertical slope (8) is flush with the strongly weathered section (4). A lock wall (2) is provided between the temporary slope (7) and the vertical slope (8) and the shaft (1). A drainage hole (12) is provided on the lock wall (2).
2. The large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temporary slope (7) is covered with wire mesh, and concrete is sprayed on the outside of the wire mesh.
3. The large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner and outer walls of the lock wall (2) are provided with reinforcing steel bars (11), and the reinforcing steel bars (11) adopt a double-layer structure.
4. The large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interior of the lock wall (2) is provided with several distribution bars (9) and several tie bars (10). The tie bars (10) are in an "S" shape and their two ends are connected to two of the distribution bars (9).
5. The large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the shaft (1) is connected to a number of system anchors (5), which are vertically arranged with respect to the shaft (1). The system anchors (5) are arranged in a quincunx pattern on the outside of the shaft (1).
6. The large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the lock wall (2) near the strongly weathered section (4) is connected to several lock anchor rods (6), and the angle between the several lock anchor rods (6) and the shaft (1) is 15°.
7. The large-diameter earthen wellhead excavation reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the lock wall (2) is backfilled with stone chips.