A roof waterproofing and gluing device for house building

Abstract

This utility model relates to a rooftop waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction, comprising a high-pressure plunger pump, a first groove on opposite sides of the high-pressure plunger pump, a slider sleeved on the high-pressure plunger pump, two opposing L-shaped second grooves inside the upper half of the slider, the second grooves being adapted to the first grooves, and a corresponding insert rod in each second groove, one end of which is inserted into the first groove; an adjusting component and the long sides of the two second grooves are vertically arranged inside the slider to drive the insert rods to move; two first rotating grooves are provided on the outer side of the lower half of the slider, a rotating collar is adapted to the first rotating grooves, and multiple stirring rods are fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating collar; a driving component is located between the slider and the rotating collar to drive the rotating collar to rotate. This invention solves the problem that the raw materials in the material tank may settle or separate during storage or transportation, leading to a reduction in the waterproofing performance of the rooftop waterproofing layer sprayed by the high-pressure waterproofing sprayer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of building adhesive technology, specifically relating to a roof waterproof adhesive application device for building construction. Background Technology

[0002] Building rooftop waterproofing coating equipment, also known as high-pressure waterproofing sprayers, is a specialized device that uses high-pressure technology to atomize waterproofing materials (such as waterproof coatings, polyurethane, polyurea, etc.) and spray them evenly onto building surfaces such as rooftops, forming a dense waterproof layer. Its core principle is to pressurize the coating using a high-pressure pump or hydraulic system, causing it to rapidly atomize at the spray gun nozzle due to a sudden pressure change, forming extremely fine particles that adhere evenly to the substrate, thus constructing a continuous, seamless waterproof barrier.

[0003] Traditional high-pressure waterproof spraying machines require users to rotate a high-pressure plunger pump into a material tank before starting the machine. The plunger pump then extracts the waterproofing material from the tank and applies it through a spray gun. However, during operation, the material in the tank may settle or separate during storage or transportation, resulting in reduced waterproofing performance of the waterproof layer applied to the roof.

[0004] In summary, the existing technology has the problem that when the high-pressure plunger pump rotates and enters the material barrel, the material in the barrel separates, affecting the spraying effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this section is to outline some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and to briefly describe some preferred embodiments. Simplifications or omissions may be made in this section, as well as in the abstract and title of the present invention, to avoid obscuring the purpose of these documents, and such simplifications or omissions should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction, which can solve the problem in the prior art where the raw material in the barrel separates and affects the spraying effect when the high-pressure plunger pump rotates and enters the barrel. This utility model provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction, which includes a high-pressure plunger pump. Two opposing first sliding grooves are provided on the side of the high-pressure plunger pump. A slider is sleeved on the high-pressure plunger pump. Two opposing L-shaped second sliding grooves are provided inside the upper half of the slider. The second sliding grooves are adapted to the first sliding grooves, and each second sliding groove has a corresponding insert rod, one end of which is inserted into the first sliding groove. An adjusting component and the long sides of the two second sliding grooves are vertically arranged inside the slider to drive the insert rods to move. Two first rotating grooves are provided on the outer side of the lower half of the slider. A rotating collar is adapted to the first rotating grooves. Multiple stirring rods are fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating collar. A driving component is located between the slider and the rotating collar to drive the rotating collar to rotate.

[0007] Based on the above structure, the first rotating groove and rotating collar ensure that the rotating collar can rotate between the two first rotating grooves and around the slider. The driving component allows the user to drive the rotating collar to rotate around the slider. The stirring rods cause the rotating collar to rotate when it rotates, allowing the two stirring rods to stir the raw materials in the bucket. The first sliding groove and slider allow the slider to slide between the two first sliding grooves. The second sliding groove and rods allow the two rods to move along the two second sliding grooves respectively. The adjusting component allows the user to move the two rods away from or towards each other. When the slider moves to the appropriate position, the two rods can fix the slider around the high-pressure plunger pump.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the adjustment component further includes:

[0009] Optionally, the adjusting assembly includes a through groove communicating with the second slide groove, a first connecting rod provided in the middle of the through groove, and bolt rods fixedly connected to both ends of the first connecting rod. The bolt rods are located at the intersection of the second slide groove and the through groove, and the insert rod has an internal thread adapted to the bolt rod. Any bolt rod is fixedly connected to a rotating rod, which is a knob on the outside of the slider and has a threaded groove on the outer side of the inner side of the slider. A threaded sleeve is threadedly connected to the threaded groove. This ensures that the slider can be fixed to the periphery of the high-pressure plunger pump.

[0010] Optionally, the threads on the two bolt rods have opposite directions of rotation, but the thread pitch is the same. This ensures that when the two bolt rods rotate, the two inserts are acted upon by the opposite threads on the two bolt rods, moving them closer to or further away from each other along the two second grooves by the same distance.

[0011] Optionally, the bolt rod is located on the inner wall of the second slide groove and is rotatably connected to the second slide groove. This ensures that the bolt rod can rotate normally within the second slide groove when it rotates.

[0012] Optionally, both ends of the first connecting rod are rotatably connected to two second sliding grooves, respectively. This ensures that when the first connecting rod rotates, both ends of the first connecting rod will rotate normally within the two second sliding grooves.

[0013] Optionally, the drive assembly includes an annular groove between two first rotating grooves. Multiple toothed blocks, adapted to the position of the annular groove, are provided inside the rotating collar. These toothed blocks mesh with a gear, which is located in a first gear groove on one side of the annular groove. A second rotating groove is vertically located above the first gear groove, and a second gear groove is vertically connected above the second rotating groove. A second connecting rod is located inside the second rotating groove, with one end connected to the gear and the other end connected to a first bevel gear. The first and second bevel gears mesh with each other inside the second gear groove. The second bevel gear is connected to a motor fixed to the slider. This ensures that the raw materials do not experience sedimentation or stratification.

[0014] Optionally, the second gear groove is located inside the slider and is not connected to the first rotating groove. This ensures the stability of the slider and the rotating collar.

[0015] Optionally, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first gear groove. This ensures that when the second connecting rod rotates, one end of the second connecting rod can rotate normally within the first gear groove.

[0016] Optionally, one end of the first bevel gear is rotatably connected to the second rotating groove. This ensures that when the first bevel gear rotates, one end of the first bevel gear can rotate normally within the second rotating groove.

[0017] Optionally, the motor is provided with a waterproof shell, and the waterproof shell and the slider are fixedly connected to each other to ensure the stability of the motor.

[0018] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention utilizes a first rotating groove and a rotating collar to ensure that the rotating collar can rotate between two first rotating grooves and around the circumference of the slider. A driving component allows the user to rotate the rotating collar around the slider. A stirring rod, when the rotating collar rotates, drives two insert rods to rotate, allowing the two stirring rods to stir the raw materials in the bucket. This solves the problem that the raw materials in the bucket may settle or separate during storage or transportation, leading to a reduction in the waterproofing performance of the waterproof layer sprayed on the roof by the high-pressure waterproof spraying machine.

[0020] The utility model ensures that the slider can slide between the two first sliding grooves through the first sliding groove and the slider, and ensures that the two insert rods can move along the two second sliding grooves respectively through the set second sliding groove and the set adjustment component, so that the user can drive the two insert rods away from each other or move closer to each other through the adjustment component. When the slider moves to the appropriate position, the two insert rods can fix the slider on the periphery of the high-pressure plunger pump. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high-pressure plunger pump structure of a roof waterproofing adhesive coating device for building construction according to this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment components of a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the adjustment component of a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive assembly of a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of point A of a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to this utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the drive component of a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to this utility model;

[0029] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. High-pressure plunger pump; 2. First slide groove; 3. Slider; 4. Second slide groove; 5. Insert rod; 6. First rotating groove; 7. Rotating collar; 8. Stirring rod; 9. Through groove; 10. First connecting rod; 11. Bolt rod; 12. Rotating rod; 13. Threaded groove; 14. Threaded sleeve; 15. Annular groove; 16. Tooth block; 17. First gear groove; 18. Gear; 19. Second rotating groove; 20. Second connecting rod; 21. Second gear groove; 22. First bevel gear; 23. Second bevel gear; 24. Waterproof shell; 25. Motor. Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 This utility model will be described in further detail below.

[0031] In this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "middle," "vertical," and "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0032] Example 1: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction, including a high-pressure plunger pump 1, two first sliding grooves 2, which are formed on the periphery of the high-pressure plunger pump 1, a slider 3 slidably connected between the two first sliding grooves 2, two second sliding grooves 4 formed on the inner wall of the slider 3, and the two second sliding grooves 4 respectively communicating with the two first sliding grooves 2, two insert rods 5 slidably connected in the two second sliding grooves 4, and one end of the two insert rods 5 respectively extending to the inner wall of the two first sliding grooves 2 and engaging with the two first sliding grooves 2 respectively; an adjustment component, which is located in the slider 3 and is used to drive the two insert rods 5 to move; two first rotating grooves 6, which are formed on the periphery of the slider 3, and a rotating collar 7 rotatably connected between the two first rotating grooves 6, with multiple stirring rods 8 fixedly connected to the periphery of the rotating collar 7; and a drive component, which is located in the slider 3 and is used to drive the rotating collar 7 to rotate.

[0033] Example 2: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: The adjustment component includes: a through groove 9, which is opened in the slider 3 and communicates with two second sliding grooves 4. A first connecting rod 10 is rotatably connected in the through groove 9, and both ends of the first connecting rod 10 extend into the two second sliding grooves 4 respectively. Two bolt rods 11 are fixedly connected to both ends of the first connecting rod 10, and the two bolt rods 11 are located in the two second sliding grooves 4 respectively and are threadedly connected to two insert rods 5 respectively; a rotating rod 12, which is fixedly connected to one end of one of the bolt rods 11, and one end of the rotating rod 12 penetrates the inner wall of one of the second sliding grooves 4 and extends to the outside and is rotatably connected to the slider 3. A threaded groove 13 is opened on the periphery of the rotating rod 12, and a threaded sleeve 14 is threadedly connected to the threaded groove 13.

[0034] In operation, the user manually rotates the rotating rod 12, causing one of the bolt rods 11 to rotate within one of the second sliding grooves 4. This causes one bolt rod 11 to rotate via the first connecting rod 10, driving the other bolt rod 11 to rotate as well. As the two bolt rods 11 rotate, the two insert rods 5 are acted upon by the opposite threads on the two bolt rods 11, moving them away from each other along the two second sliding grooves 4. When the two insert rods 5 move away from each other, one end of each insert rod 5 enters the two second sliding grooves 4 from the inner walls of the two first sliding grooves 2. At this point, the slider 3 is released from its fixed position. The user then slides the slider 3 downwards along the two first sliding grooves 2. When the slider 3 reaches the desired position, the user manually rotates the rotating rod 12 in the opposite direction, causing one of the bolt rods 11 to rotate. 1. Rotate in opposite directions within one of the second slide grooves 4, causing one bolt rod 11 to drive the other bolt rod 11 to rotate in opposite directions via the first connecting rod 10. When the two bolt rods 11 rotate in opposite directions, the two insert rods 5 will be acted upon by the opposite threads on the two bolt rods 11, and move closer to each other along the two second slide grooves 4. When the two insert rods 5 move closer to each other, one end of the two insert rods 5 will be inserted from the two second slide grooves 4 into the inner wall of the two first slide grooves 2, fixing the slider 3 between the two first slide grooves 2. Then, the user rotates the threaded sleeve 14 by hand, causing the threaded sleeve 14 to move towards the slider 3 under the action of the threaded groove 13, so that the threaded sleeve 14 is tightly pressed against the slider 3, fixing the rotating rod 12 inside the slider 3 and preventing it from rotating, ensuring that the slider 3 can be fixed on the periphery of the high-pressure plunger pump 1.

[0035] Example 3: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the threads on the two bolt rods 11 have opposite directions and the same thread pitch.

[0036] Specifically, when the two bolt rods 11 rotate, the two insert rods 5 will be acted upon by the opposite threads on the two bolt rods 11, moving closer to each other or further away from each other along the two second slide grooves 4 by the same distance.

[0037] Example 4: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the bolt rod 11 is located on the inner wall of the second slide groove 4 and is rotatably connected to the second slide groove 4.

[0038] Specifically, it is ensured that when the bolt rod 11 rotates, the bolt rod 11 can rotate normally within the second slide groove 4.

[0039] Example 5: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the two ends of the first connecting rod 10 are rotatably connected to the two second sliding grooves 4 respectively.

[0040] Specifically, it is ensured that when the first connecting rod 10 rotates, both ends of the first connecting rod 10 will rotate normally within the two second sliding grooves 4 respectively.

[0041] Example 6: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the driving component includes: an annular groove 15, which is formed on the periphery of the slider 3, and a plurality of toothed blocks 16 fixed to the rotating collar 7 are arranged inside the annular groove 15; a first gear groove 17, which is formed on the inner wall of the annular groove 15, and a gear 18 rotatably connected to the first gear groove 17 and meshing with the plurality of toothed blocks 16; and a second rotating groove 19, which is formed inside the slider 3 and communicates with the first gear groove 17, and a second connecting rod 20 rotatably connected inside the second rotating groove 19, with one end of the second connecting rod 20 extending... The first gear extends into the first gear groove 17 and is fixed to the gear 18; the second gear groove 21 is opened in the slider 3 and is connected to the high-pressure plunger pump 1. The first bevel gear 22 and the second bevel gear 23 are rotatably connected in the second gear groove 21, and the first bevel gear 22 and the second bevel gear 23 mesh with each other. One end of the first bevel gear 22 passes through the inner wall of the second gear groove 21 and extends into the second rotating groove 19 and is fixed to the second connecting rod 20; the waterproof shell 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the slider 3. The waterproof shell 24 is equipped with a motor 25, and the output shaft of the motor 25 passes through the inner wall of the waterproof shell 24 and the slider 3 and extends into the second gear groove 21 and is fixed to the second bevel gear 23.

[0042] In operation, when multiple stirring rods 8 enter the material bucket, the user starts the motor 25, causing the output shaft of the motor 25 to drive the second bevel gear 23 to rotate in the second gear groove 21. The second bevel gear 23 then drives the first bevel gear 22 to rotate in the second gear groove 21, which in turn drives the second connecting rod 20 to rotate in the second rotating groove 19. The second connecting rod 20 then drives the gear 18 to rotate in the first gear groove 17. When the gear 18 rotates, it drives the rotating collar 7 to rotate between the two first rotating grooves 6 via multiple tooth blocks 16. This rotating collar 7 then drives the multiple stirring rods 8 to rotate around the slider 3, allowing the multiple stirring rods 8 to stir the raw materials in the material bucket and ensuring that the raw materials do not settle or separate.

[0043] Example 7: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: one end of the second connecting rod 20 is rotatably connected to the first gear groove 17.

[0044] Specifically, it is ensured that when the second connecting rod 20 rotates, one end of the second connecting rod 20 can rotate normally within the first gear groove 17.

[0045] Example 8: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: one end of the first bevel gear 22 is rotatably connected to the second rotating groove 19.

[0046] Specifically, it is ensured that when the first bevel gear 22 rotates, one end of the first bevel gear 22 can rotate normally within the second rotating groove 19.

[0047] Example 9: This example provides a roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction. In addition to the technical solutions of the above examples, it also has the following technical features: the output shaft of the motor 25 is rotatably connected to the waterproof housing 24 and the slider 3.

[0048] Specifically, it is ensured that when the user starts the motor 25, the output shaft of the motor 25 will rotate normally within the waterproof housing 24 and the slider 3.

[0049] Specific implementation principle: When using this utility model, the user manually rotates the rotating rod 12, causing one of the bolt rods 11 to rotate within one of the second sliding grooves 4. This causes one bolt rod 11 to rotate via the first connecting rod 10, driving the other bolt rod 11 to rotate as well. When both bolt rods 11 rotate, the two insert rods 5 are acted upon by the opposite threads on the two bolt rods 11, moving away from each other along the two second sliding grooves 4. As the two insert rods 5 move away from each other, one end of each insert rod 5 enters the two second sliding grooves 4 from the inner walls of the two first sliding grooves 2. At this point, the slider 3 is released from its fixed position. The user then manually slides the slider 3, causing it to move downwards along the two first sliding grooves 2. When the slider 3 reaches the desired position, the user manually rotates the rotating rod 12 in the opposite direction, causing one of the bolt rods 11 to rotate in the opposite direction within one of the second sliding grooves 4. One of the bolt rods 11 drives the other bolt rod 11 to rotate in the opposite direction through the first connecting rod 10. When the two bolt rods 11 rotate in the opposite direction, the two insert rods 5 will be acted upon by the opposite threads on the two bolt rods 11 and move closer to each other along the two second slide grooves 4. When the two insert rods 5 move closer to each other, one end of the two insert rods 5 will be inserted into the inner wall of the two first slide grooves 2 from the two second slide grooves 4, fixing the slider 3 between the two first slide grooves 2. Then, the user rotates the threaded sleeve 14 by hand, so that the threaded sleeve 14 is acted upon by the threads of the threaded groove 13 and moves towards the slider 3, so that the threaded sleeve 14 is tightly pressed against the slider 3, fixing the rotating rod 12 in the slider 3 and preventing it from rotating, ensuring that the slider 3 can be fixed on the periphery of the high-pressure plunger pump 1. When the slider 3 moves down to the appropriate position, the slider 3 will drive multiple stirring rods 8 to be inserted into the material bucket through the rotating collar 7.

[0050] When multiple stirring rods 8 enter the material bucket, the user starts the motor 25, causing the output shaft of the motor 25 to drive the second bevel gear 23 to rotate in the second gear groove 21. The second bevel gear 23 then drives the first bevel gear 22 to rotate in the second gear groove 21, which in turn drives the second connecting rod 20 to rotate in the second rotating groove 19. The second connecting rod 20 then drives the gear 18 to rotate in the first gear groove 17. When the gear 18 rotates, it drives the rotating collar 7 to rotate between the two first rotating grooves 6 via multiple tooth blocks 16. This causes the rotating collar 7 to drive the multiple stirring rods 8 to rotate around the slider 3, allowing the multiple stirring rods 8 to stir the raw materials in the material bucket and prevent sedimentation or stratification.

[0051] The above are all preferred embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction, comprising a high-pressure plunger pump (1), characterized in that, The high-pressure plunger pump (1) has two opposing first sliding grooves (2) on its side. The slider (3) is sleeved on the high-pressure plunger pump (1). The upper half of the slider (3) has two opposing L-shaped second sliding grooves (4). The second sliding grooves (4) and the first sliding grooves (2) are matched. The second sliding grooves (4) have matching insert rods (5). One end of the insert rods (5) is inserted into the first sliding groove (2). The adjusting component and the long side of the two second sliding grooves (4) are vertically arranged in the slider (3) to drive the insert rods (5) to move. The lower half of the slider (3) has two first rotating grooves (6) on its outer side. The rotating collar (7) is matched with the first rotating grooves (6). Multiple stirring rods (8) are fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating collar (7). The driving component is located between the slider (3) and the rotating collar (7) to drive the rotating collar (7) to rotate.

2. The roof waterproofing adhesive application equipment for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly includes a through groove (9) communicating with the second slide (4), a first connecting rod (10) is provided in the middle of the through groove (9), and bolt rods (11) are fixedly connected to both ends of the first connecting rod (10). The bolt rods (11) are located at the intersection of the second slide (4) and the through groove (9). The insert rod (5) is provided with an internal thread that is compatible with the bolt rods (11). Any bolt rod (11) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (12). The rotating rod (12) is a knob on the outside of the slider (3). A threaded groove (13) is provided on the outer side of the inner side of the slider (3). A threaded sleeve (14) is threadedly connected to the threaded groove (13).

3. The roof waterproofing adhesive application equipment for building construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The threads on the two bolt rods (11) have opposite directions of rotation and the same thread pitch.

4. The roof waterproofing adhesive application equipment for building construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bolt rod (11) is located on the inner wall of the second slide (4) and is rotatably connected to the second slide (4).

5. A roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two ends of the first connecting rod (10) are rotatably connected to the two second sliding grooves (4).

6. The roof waterproofing adhesive application equipment for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes an annular groove (15) between two first rotating grooves (6), and a plurality of tooth blocks (16) adapted to the position of the annular groove (15) are provided on the inner side of the rotating collar (7). The tooth blocks (16) mesh with the gear (18), and the gear (18) is located in the first gear groove (17) on one side of the annular groove (15). A second rotating groove (19) is vertically above the first gear groove (17), and a second gear groove (21) is vertically connected above the second rotating groove (19). A second connecting rod (20) is located inside the second rotating groove (19), with one end connected to the gear (18) and the other end connected to the first bevel gear (22). The first bevel gear (22) and the second bevel gear (23) mesh with each other and are located inside the second gear groove (21). The second bevel gear (23) is connected to the motor (25) fixed on the slider (3).

7. A roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second gear groove (21) is located inside the slider (3) and is not connected to the first rotating groove (6).

8. A roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the second connecting rod (20) is rotatably connected to the first gear groove (17).

9. A roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the first bevel gear (22) is rotatably connected to the second rotating groove (19).

10. A roof waterproofing adhesive application device for building construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The motor (25) is provided with a waterproof shell (24) on the outside, and the waterproof shell (24) and the slider (3) are fixedly connected.

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