Full-drift intelligent control fracturing robot

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of oil drilling technology and discloses a full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot, including a fracturing head, a fracturing jacket, and a connecting head. The fracturing jacket is connected between the fracturing head and the connecting head. The fracturing robot is installed inside the fracturing head. The fracturing robot includes a shell, a hovering mechanism, and a diameter-changing mechanism. One end of the shell is provided with a sealing end cap. The hovering mechanism and the diameter-changing mechanism are sequentially installed on the shell on one side of the sealing end cap. Both the hovering mechanism and the diameter-changing mechanism are fixedly connected to the shell. A fracturing inner sleeve is also provided between the diameter-changing mechanism and the fracturing jacket. A battery module that supplies power to the hovering mechanism and the diameter-changing mechanism is also installed inside the shell. The beneficial effects of the full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot provided by this utility model are: by setting up a hovering mechanism, a crawler can be formed, which can perform precise hovering. At the same time, in conjunction with the diameter-changing mechanism, the expansion components can be deployed and retracted at corresponding points, improving the accuracy of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of oil drilling technology, specifically relating to a full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot. Background Technology

[0002] With the further development of oil and gas exploration, the current challenges in oil and gas exploration and extraction include complex geological conditions and high technical requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve the research and development of key equipment for oil and gas resource extraction. Traditional oil and gas extraction relies on fracturing to collect resources. However, under complex geological conditions, traditional fracturing methods are insufficient to meet the complex storage needs of oil and gas resources. It is necessary to improve the operational precision and efficiency of fracturing tools to adapt to these challenging geological conditions.

[0003] In shale oil extraction, traditional vertical well fracturing technology is insufficient to meet the demands for high-yield and high-efficiency development. Horizontal well staged fracturing technology, on the other hand, offers better production enhancement and has gradually replaced vertical well fracturing. The principle of horizontal well staged fracturing is as follows: when the pressure of the injected fracturing fluid exceeds the pressure of the formation rock, the fracturing fluid penetrates through the sliding sleeve holes on the fracturing tool, fracturing the rock and creating fractures. Oil and gas resources then flow out through these fractures.

[0004] Traditional fracturing tools use a ball-drop method for the sliding sleeve. This method is easily affected by the environment inside the tubing, leading to inaccurate positioning and opening time of the sliding sleeve, resulting in low precision. Furthermore, horizontal well fracturing technology requires multiple operations, which can easily cause sand blockage and affect the accuracy of segmented fracturing. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the background technology and provide a full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot. This robot integrates functions such as hovering, diameter change, and setting in horizontal well segmented fracturing. It can automatically execute each function and perform multi-stage fracturing operations efficiently and accurately.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot includes a fracturing head, a fracturing jacket, and a connecting head. The fracturing jacket is connected between the fracturing head and the connecting head. The outer wall of the fracturing head has protruding steps. The fracturing robot is installed inside the fracturing head. The fracturing robot includes a shell, a hovering mechanism, and a diameter-changing mechanism. One end of the shell is provided with a sealing end cap. The hovering mechanism and the diameter-changing mechanism are sequentially installed on the shell on one side of the sealing end cap. The hovering mechanism and the diameter-changing mechanism are both fixedly connected to the shell. A fracturing inner sleeve is also provided between the diameter-changing mechanism and the fracturing jacket. A battery module that supplies power to the hovering mechanism and the diameter-changing mechanism is also installed inside the shell.

[0008] The hovering mechanism includes a cam motor, a bracket, a cylindrical cam, a flange mounting bracket, a guide device, and a U-shaped frame. The cam motor is fixed inside the housing by the bracket. The cylindrical cam is mounted on the output shaft of the cam motor. The flange mounting bracket is mounted inside the housing on one side of the cylindrical cam. A guide device is installed between the flange mounting bracket and the cylindrical cam. A roller that abuts against the cylindrical cam is installed on the end face of the guide device. A U-shaped frame symmetrically arranged along the axis of the flange mounting bracket can also be slidably mounted on the guide device. A spring is installed between the U-shaped frame and the flange mounting bracket. A support wheel that can extend out of the housing is installed on the side of the U-shaped frame away from the spring. A locking pin for locking the U-shaped frame is installed on the flange mounting bracket.

[0009] Sealing rings are installed between the U-shaped frame and the guide device, between the guide device and the outer shell, and between the cylindrical cam and the outer shell.

[0010] The variable diameter mechanism includes an expansion motor, a lead screw, a bearing housing, a movable nut, a support plate, an expansion base, and expansion plates. The expansion motor is fixed inside the housing, and a bearing housing is installed on one side of the expansion motor. The lead screw is rotatably mounted on the bearing housing. The output shaft of the expansion motor is connected to the lead screw through a coupling and can drive the lead screw to rotate. A support plate is installed on the inner wall of the housing at the end of the lead screw away from the expansion motor. An expansion base is installed in the middle of the support plate on the side away from the lead screw. Multiple expansion plates are installed on the annular surface of the expansion base. One end of each expansion plate is connected to a support rod through bolts. A movable nut is threaded onto the lead screw. A connecting rod passing through the support plate is installed on the movable nut. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to the expansion plates through the support rod. The expansion plates are located inside the fracturing inner sleeve.

[0011] The inner fracturing sleeve and the outer fracturing sleeve are connected by a safety pin.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot provided by this utility model are: by setting a hovering mechanism, it can form a crawler and perform precise hovering; at the same time, in conjunction with the diameter-changing mechanism, it can realize the expansion component to unfold and retract at corresponding points, thereby improving the accuracy of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram provided for an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the end of the outer shell at point A.

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the hovering mechanism at point B.

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged schematic diagram of the lead screw connection section of the variable diameter mechanism at point C.

[0018] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the expansion section of the variable diameter mechanism provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] The diagram shows the following components: 1. Fracturing head; 2. Fracturing outer sleeve; 3. Connector; 4. Outer shell; 41. Sealing end cap; 5. Hovering mechanism; 501. Cam motor; 502. Bracket; 503. Cylindrical cam; 504. Flange fixing bracket; 505. Guide device; 506. Roller; 507. U-shaped frame; 508. Spring; 509. Support wheel; 510. Locking pin; 511. Sealing ring; 6. Variable diameter mechanism; 601. Expansion motor; 602. Lead screw; 603. Bearing seat; 604. Moving nut; 605. Support plate; 606. Expansion base; 607. Expansion plate; 608. Coupling; 609. Connecting rod; 610. Support rod; 7. Fracturing inner sleeve; 71. Safety pin; 8. Battery module. Detailed Implementation

[0020] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot provided in this embodiment includes a fracturing head 1, a fracturing jacket 2, and a connector 3. The fracturing jacket 2 is connected between the fracturing head 1 and the connector 3. The outer wall of the fracturing head 1 is machined with an outwardly protruding step, and the end of the step facing the fracturing head 1 is machined with an angle to reduce the smoothness of running downhole. The fracturing robot is installed inside the fracturing head 1. The fracturing robot can achieve precise control of the hovering, diameter changing, and setting states. The fracturing robot includes a shell 4, a hovering mechanism 5, and a diameter changing mechanism 6. One end of the shell 4 is provided with a sealing end cap 41. The hovering mechanism 5 and the diameter changing mechanism 6 are sequentially installed on the shell 4 on one side of the sealing end cap 41. The hovering mechanism 5 and the diameter changing mechanism 6 are both fixedly connected to the shell 4.

[0021] like Figure 3As shown, the hovering mechanism 5 includes a cam motor 501, a bracket 502, a cylindrical cam 503, a flange fixing bracket 504, a guide device 505, and a U-shaped frame 507. The cam motor 501 is fixed inside the housing 4 by the bracket 502. The cylindrical cam 503 is mounted on the output shaft of the cam motor 501. The flange fixing bracket 504 is mounted inside the housing 4 on one side of the cylindrical cam 503. A guide device 505 is installed between the flange fixing bracket 504 and the cylindrical cam 503. A roller 506 that abuts against the cylindrical cam 503 is installed on the end face of the guide device 505. A U-shaped frame 507 symmetrically arranged along the axis of the flange fixing bracket 504 is also slidably mounted on the guide device 505. A spring 508 is installed between the U-shaped frame 507 and the flange fixing bracket 504. A support wheel 509 that can extend out of the outer shell 4 is installed on the side of the U-shaped frame 507 away from the spring 508. A locking pin 510 for locking the U-shaped frame 507 is installed on the flange fixing bracket 504. When the locking pin 510 is separated from the U-shaped frame 507, the U-shaped frame 507 can pop outward under the action of the spring 508. At this time, the support wheel 509 extends out of the outer shell 4 and plays the role of supporting the outer shell 4. A sealing ring 511 is installed between the U-shaped frame 507 and the guide device 505, between the guide device 505 and the outer shell 4, and between the cylindrical cam 503 and the outer shell 4. The sealing ring 511 can isolate the area in contact with the outside and reduce the impact of the external environment on the operation of the fracturing robot.

[0022] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the variable diameter mechanism 6 includes an expansion motor 601, a lead screw 602, a bearing seat 603, a moving nut 604, a support plate 605, an expansion base 606, and expansion plates 607. The expansion motor 601 is fixed inside the housing 4. A bearing seat 603 is installed on one side of the expansion motor 601. The lead screw 602 is rotatably mounted on the bearing seat 603. The output shaft of the expansion motor 601 is connected to the lead screw through a coupling 608 and can drive the lead screw to rotate. A support plate 605 is installed on the inner wall of the housing 4 at the end of the lead screw 602 away from the expansion motor 601. An expansion base 606 is installed in the middle of the side of the support plate 605 away from the lead screw 602. Multiple expansion plates 607 are installed on the annular surface of the expansion base 606. One end of the expansion plate 607 is connected to the support rod 610 by bolts. A movable nut 604 is threaded onto the lead screw 602. A connecting rod 609 passing through the support plate 605 is installed on the movable nut 604. The other end of the connecting rod 609 is connected to the expansion plate 607 through the support rod 610. The expansion plate 607 is located inside the fracturing inner sleeve 7. By controlling the rotation direction of the expansion motor 601, the expansion plate 607 can be pushed outward or retracted inward, thereby realizing the diameter change. A fracturing inner sleeve 7 is also provided between the diameter change mechanism 6 and the fracturing outer sleeve 2. A safety pin 71 is provided between the fracturing inner sleeve 7 and the fracturing outer sleeve. A battery module 8 that supplies power to the hovering mechanism 5 and the diameter change mechanism 6 is also installed inside the outer shell 4.

[0023] The method of using this utility model is as follows:

[0024] Hovering Phase: After the fracturing robot reaches the target position, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the cam motor 501 drives the cylindrical cam 503 to rotate, causing the roller 506 to rotate along the end face of the cylindrical cam 503. During this process, the guide device 505 reciprocates in a straight line inside the housing 4, causing the locking pin 510 to separate from the U-shaped frame 507. At this time, the spring 508 restores its tension and pushes the support wheel 509 out of the housing 4; this step is the hovering process.

[0025] Variable diameter stage: After the fracturing robot hovers, such as Figure 5 As shown, the expansion motor 601 drives the lead screw 602 to rotate, which in turn causes the movable nut 604 to move on the lead screw 602. The connecting rod 609 on the movable nut 604 is connected to the support rod 610. The support rod 610 is connected to the expansion plate 607. After being subjected to the axial thrust of the connecting rod 609, the expansion plate 607 expands outward to adapt to the environment of the increased well diameter in the open hole section. At this time, the expansion plate 607 expands and jams the fracturing inner sleeve 7, and continues to expand and interfere with the fracturing inner sleeve 7 to form an annular sealed isolation zone to prevent the fluid from flowing into non-target layers. This step is the diameter change process.

[0026] Sealing stage: After hovering and diameter change are completed, such as Figure 5As shown, high-pressure fracturing fluid is ejected at high speed through the full-bore flow channel and enters the well casing wall. Under the high pressure of the fracturing fluid, the fracturing robot slides along the inner wall of the fracturing inner sleeve 7. At this time, sufficient driving force is applied through the connector 3 to break the safety pin 71, thereby realizing the sliding of the fracturing robot; this step is called setting.

[0027] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications and substitutions based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts provided by the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot, comprising a fracturing head (1), a fracturing jacket (2), and a connecting head (3), wherein the fracturing jacket (2) is connected between the fracturing head (1) and the connecting head (3), the outer wall of the fracturing head (1) is machined with protruding steps, and the fracturing robot is installed inside the fracturing head (1), characterized in that: The fracturing robot includes a shell (4), a hovering mechanism (5), and a diameter-changing mechanism (6). One end of the shell (4) is provided with a sealing end cap (41). The hovering mechanism (5) and the diameter-changing mechanism (6) are installed in sequence on the shell (4) on one side of the sealing end cap (41). The hovering mechanism (5) and the diameter-changing mechanism (6) are fixedly connected to the shell (4). A fracturing inner sleeve (7) is also provided between the diameter-changing mechanism (6) and the fracturing outer sleeve (2). A battery module (8) is also installed inside the shell (4) to power the hovering mechanism (5) and the diameter-changing mechanism (6).

2. The full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hovering mechanism (5) includes a cam motor (501), a bracket (502), a cylindrical cam (503), a flange mounting bracket (504), a guide device (505), and a U-shaped bracket (507). The cam motor (501) is fixed inside the housing (4) by the bracket (502). The cylindrical cam (503) is mounted on the output shaft of the cam motor (501). The flange mounting bracket (504) is mounted inside the housing (4) on one side of the cylindrical cam (503). A guide device (507) is installed between the flange mounting bracket (504) and the cylindrical cam (503). 5) A roller (506) that abuts against the cylindrical cam (503) is installed on the end face of the guide device (505). A U-shaped frame (507) symmetrically arranged along the axis of the flange fixing frame (504) is also slidably installed on the guide device (505). A spring (508) is installed between the U-shaped frame (507) and the flange fixing frame (504). A support wheel (509) that can extend out of the outer shell (4) is installed on the side of the U-shaped frame (507) away from the spring (508). A locking pin (510) for locking the U-shaped frame (507) is installed on the flange fixing frame (504).

3. The full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sealing ring (511) is installed between the U-shaped frame (507) and the guide device (505), between the guide device (505) and the outer shell (4), and between the cylindrical cam (503) and the outer shell (4).

4. The full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable diameter mechanism (6) includes an expansion motor (601), a lead screw (602), a bearing housing (603), a movable nut (604), a support plate (605), an expansion base (606), and an expansion plate (607). The expansion motor (601) is fixed inside the outer casing (4). A bearing housing (603) is installed on one side of the expansion motor (601). The lead screw (602) is rotatably mounted on the bearing housing (603). The output shaft of the expansion motor (601) is connected to the lead screw (602) through a coupling (608) and can drive the lead screw (602) to rotate. The outer casing at the end of the lead screw (602) away from the expansion motor (601) is... (4) A support plate (605) is installed on the inner wall. An expansion base (606) is installed in the middle of the side of the support plate (605) away from the screw (602). Multiple expansion plates (607) are installed on the ring surface of the expansion base (606). One end of the multiple expansion plates (607) is connected to the support rod (610) by bolts. A movable nut (604) is threaded on the screw (602). A connecting rod (609) that passes through the support plate (605) is installed on the movable nut (604). The other end of the connecting rod (609) is connected to the expansion plate (607) through the support rod (610). The expansion plate (607) is located inside the fracturing inner sleeve (7).

5. The full-bore intelligent control fracturing robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: A safety pin (71) is provided between the fracturing inner sleeve (7) and the fracturing outer sleeve (2).

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