Shaft structure of vertical axis wind turbine with damping device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a vertical axis wind turbine shaft system structure with a vibration damping device, including a central shaft, a fixed disk, a movable ring and a self-aligning roller thrust bearing surrounding the central shaft, and at least three spring-hydraulic vibration dampers. The ends of the spring-hydraulic vibration dampers are hinged to the fixed disk and the movable ring, respectively. When the central shaft deflects around the center of curvature of the outer raceway of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing, the central shaft drives the movable ring to offset and rotate. During the process of the movable ring moving from its initial alignment state to its maximum rotation angle or maximum offset distance, the distance between the movable ring and the fixed disk is always greater than or equal to 0 mm from a top-view perspective. All spring-hydraulic vibration dampers deflect in the same direction circumferentially around the movable ring, and the radial angle between all spring-hydraulic vibration dampers and the movable ring is always greater than 0°. This utility model enables the wind turbine to maintain good stability even in high wind conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind turbine technology, specifically to a vertical axis wind turbine shaft system structure with a shock absorption device. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical axis wind turbines have received increasing attention in recent years due to their compact structure, insensitivity to wind direction, lower noise, and potential suitability for urban and distributed applications. Their core component, the shaft system, plays a crucial role in transmitting the wind energy torque captured by the rotor to the generator and supporting the rotor's rotation.

[0003] Vertical axis wind turbines, due to their unique aerodynamic working principle, are prone to generating strong periodic pulsating torque and alternating radial loads on their central axis, which can lead to resonance and make the turbine less stable in high wind environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical axis wind turbine shaft system structure with a shock absorption device, which can enable the wind turbine to maintain better stability in high wind environments.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solution:

[0006] A vertical axis wind turbine shaft system structure with vibration damping devices includes a central shaft, a fixed disk sleeved outside the central shaft, a movable ring separately disposed from the fixed disk sleeved on the central shaft, and a self-aligning roller thrust bearing disposed below the movable ring. It also includes at least three spring-hydraulic vibration dampers arranged around the movable ring, with their ends hinged to the fixed disk and the movable ring, respectively.

[0007] As the central shaft deflects around the center of curvature of the outer raceway of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing, the central shaft drives the movable ring to shift and rotate.

[0008] All spring-hydraulic shock absorbers are in a compressed state before the active ring moves from its initial alignment state to its maximum offset distance;

[0009] During the process of the movable ring moving from the initial centering state to the state of maximum offset, the spring hydraulic damper facing away from the offset direction of the movable ring changes from a compressed state to a tensile state, and the compression of the remaining spring hydraulic dampers increases. When the spring hydraulic damper facing away from the deflection direction of the movable ring is in a tensile state, the tension on the spring hydraulic damper causes the movable ring to rotate. The pressure generated by the rotation of the movable ring compresses the remaining spring hydraulic dampers. At the same time, the spring hydraulic damper located in the deflection direction of the central axis is also subjected to the pressure generated by the offset of the central axis.

[0010] During the process of the movable ring rotating from its initial alignment state to its maximum rotation angle or maximum offset distance, from the top view of the fixed plate, the distance between the movable ring and the fixed plate is always greater than or equal to 0 mm. All spring hydraulic shock absorbers deflect to the same side in the circumferential direction of the movable ring, and the included angle between all spring hydraulic shock absorbers and the radial direction of the movable ring is always greater than 0°.

[0011] When the central axis is offset, the compression degree of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber closer to the central axis is greater than that of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber farther from the central axis.

[0012] During the central axis offset process, the movable ring rotates around its own axis, and the direction of rotation of the movable ring is opposite to the direction of rotation of the spring hydraulic shock absorber around the hinge point of the spring hydraulic shock absorber on the fixed plate.

[0013] During the return of the central shaft to its centering position, the rotation direction of the movable ring is opposite to that during the offset of the central shaft, and the rotation direction of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber is opposite to that during the offset of the central shaft. Both the hydraulic damping and spring force of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber are adjustable to suit vertical axis fans of different sizes. Its function is to allow the central shaft to drive the movable ring to offset or rotate, converting the offset and rotation of the central shaft into the stroke of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber; the spring-hydraulic shock absorber can buffer and absorb vibrations experienced by the central shaft, improving its stability; and through the spatial arrangement of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber and the movable ring, when the central shaft offsets, the central shaft pushes the movable ring to move laterally, while the obliquely hinged spring-hydraulic shock absorber generates a torque to resist this displacement, forcing the movable ring to rotate around its own axis. The rotation direction of the movable ring is always opposite to the swing direction of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber.

[0014] Furthermore, at least three preload adjustment devices are provided around the movable ring between the movable ring and the fixed plate. Each preload adjustment device includes an adjusting rod and an elastic element coaxially arranged, and includes adjusting spherical bearings at both ends of the integral assembly of the adjusting rod and the elastic element. Its function is to adjust the position of the central shaft by means of the preload adjustment devices, ensuring that the initial position of the central shaft and the movable ring is coaxial with the fixed plate; and to adjust the stretching length of the elastic element by means of the adjusting rods, thereby controlling the preload on the central shaft and ensuring its alignment.

[0015] Furthermore, the adjusting rod includes an inner rod and an outer rod that are threaded together. The elastic element includes a preload spring and end caps fixedly connected to both ends of the preload spring. One end cap is connected to the adjusting rod, and the other end cap is connected to the adjusting spherical bearing. Its function is that the threaded design of the inner and outer rods allows for precise control of the preload force; the preload spring provides an elastic basis, allowing for dynamic fine-tuning of the preload force on the central axis; and the end caps enclose the preload spring and transmit force, thus connecting the elastic element to the adjusting spherical bearing and the adjusting rod.

[0016] Furthermore, the inner rod is connected to the end cap, and the outer rod is connected to the adjusting spherical bearing. The adjusting spherical bearing connected to the outer rod has an insert section for embedding into the outer rod. The outer wall of the insert section facing the inner rod and the inner wall of the outer rod away from the inner rod both have shoulders. The function of the insert section and the shoulders is to axially limit the outer rod and the connected adjusting spherical bearing, preventing the outer rod from detaching from the adjusting spherical bearing.

[0017] Furthermore, the spring-hydraulic shock absorber is equipped with shock-absorbing fish-eye bearings at both ends. A vertical pin parallel to the central axis is fixedly connected to the fixed plate. A vertical rod parallel to the central axis is provided inside the outer wall of the movable ring. The shock-absorbing fish-eye bearings at both ends of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber are respectively fitted onto the vertical pin and the vertical rod. A bolt parallel to the central axis is provided on the top surface of the movable ring. The adjusting fish-eye bearings at both ends of the preload adjusting device are respectively fitted onto the vertical pin and the bolt. Its function is to provide a hinge rod parallel to the central axis through the arrangement of the vertical pin, vertical rod, and bolt; and to ensure that the preload adjusting device and the spring-hydraulic shock absorber are at different heights and do not interfere with each other by placing the vertical pin and vertical rod at different positions on the movable ring.

[0018] Furthermore, the movable ring includes an upper ring and a lower ring, with one part of the vertical rod located on the upper ring and the other part on the lower ring. Bolts are threadedly connected to both the upper and lower rings. Its function is to facilitate the mounting of the shock-absorbing fisheye bearing on the vertical rod through the upper and lower rings; and to provide a hinge rod and connect the upper and lower rings through the bolts.

[0019] Furthermore, a self-aligning bearing is provided between the inner wall of the movable ring and the outer wall of the central shaft. Its function is to allow the movable ring to adaptively oscillate when the central shaft rotates or shifts, thus avoiding rigid interference.

[0020] Furthermore, it includes a bearing plate arranged parallel to the fixed plate. A constant velocity universal joint coupling connected to the central shaft is mounted on the bottom surface of the bearing plate. A self-aligning roller thrust bearing is located on the top surface of the bearing plate, and a bearing cover is provided on the top of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing. The constant velocity universal joint coupling is either a ball cage coupling or a three-ball pin coupling. Its function is to compensate for angular misalignment of the central shaft and maintain transmission efficiency; to withstand axial wind pressure loads and allow for slight misalignment of the shaft system through the self-aligning roller thrust bearing; and to support the thrust bearing and mount the constant velocity universal joint coupling through the bearing plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the constant velocity universal joint coupling is a ball cage coupling, with the center of the ball of the constant velocity universal joint coupling coinciding with the center of curvature of the outer raceway of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing. Its function is to maintain the normal operation of the constant velocity universal joint coupling during shaft rotation through the design of the spatial and dimensional relationships between the constant velocity universal joint coupling and the self-aligning roller thrust bearing.

[0022] Furthermore, it also includes a motor plate arranged parallel to the fixed plate, with a generator connected to the bottom of the motor plate, and the generator connected to a constant velocity universal joint coupling. A bearing plate is located between the fixed plate and the motor plate, and both the fixed plate and the bearing plate, as well as the bearing plate and the motor plate, are connected and supported by studs.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0024] 1. By setting up the movable ring, the central shaft can drive the movable ring to offset or rotate, converting the offset and rotation of the central shaft into the stroke of the spring hydraulic shock absorber; by setting up the spring hydraulic shock absorber, the vibration received by the central shaft can be buffered and consumed, improving the stability of the central shaft; by designing the spatial arrangement relationship between the spring hydraulic shock absorber and the movable ring, it can be ensured that all spring hydraulic shock absorbers are compressed together when the central shaft offsets or rotates.

[0025] 2. By setting the preload adjustment device, the position of the central shaft can be adjusted so that the initial position of the central shaft and the movable ring is coaxial with the fixed plate; by setting the adjustment rod, the tension length of the elastic element can be adjusted, thereby controlling the preload on the central shaft and centering the central shaft.

[0026] 3. The constant velocity universal joint coupling can compensate for angular misalignment of the central shaft and maintain transmission efficiency; the self-aligning roller thrust bearing can withstand axial wind pressure loads and allow for slight misalignment of the shaft system; the bearing plate can support the thrust bearing and install the constant velocity universal joint coupling. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of Example 1;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of Example 1;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the preload adjustment device in Example 1.

[0030] Reference numerals: 1. Central shaft; 2. Fixed disc; 3. Movable ring; 4. Spring hydraulic shock absorber; 5. Adjusting rod; 6. Elastic element; 7. Adjusting spherical bearing; 8. Inner rod; 9. Outer rod; 10. End cap; 11. Preload spring; 12. Embedded section; 13. Shaft shoulder; 14. Shock-absorbing spherical bearing; 15. Vertical nail; 16. Vertical rod; 17. Bolt; 18. Upper ring; 19. Lower ring; 20. Self-aligning bearing; 21. Bearing plate; 22. Constant velocity universal joint coupling; 23. Self-aligning roller thrust bearing; 24. Bearing cover; 25. Motor plate; 26. Generator. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "have," "install," "connect," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A vertical axis wind turbine shaft system structure with vibration damping device, such as Figure 1As shown, the device includes a central shaft 1, a fixed disk 2 sleeved outside the central shaft 1, a movable ring 3 separately disposed from the fixed disk 2, and a self-aligning roller thrust bearing 23 disposed below the movable ring 3. It also includes at least three spring-hydraulic shock absorbers 4 arranged around the movable ring 3, with their ends hinged to the fixed disk 2 and the movable ring 3, respectively.

[0036] As the central shaft 1 deflects around the center of curvature of the outer raceway of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing 23, the central shaft 1 drives the movable ring 3 to shift and rotate.

[0037] Before the moving ring 3 moves from its initial alignment state to its maximum offset distance, all spring hydraulic shock absorbers 4 are in a compressed state;

[0038] During the process of moving ring 3 from the initial centering state to the state of maximum offset, the spring hydraulic damper 4 facing away from the offset direction of moving ring 3 changes from a compressed state to a tensile state, and the compression of the other spring hydraulic dampers 4 increases. When the spring hydraulic damper 4 facing away from the deflection direction of moving ring 3 is in a tensile state, the tension on the spring hydraulic damper 4 causes moving ring 3 to rotate. The pressure generated by the rotation of moving ring 3 compresses the other spring hydraulic dampers 4. At the same time, the spring hydraulic damper 4 located in the deflection direction of central axis 1 is also subjected to the pressure generated by the offset of central axis 1.

[0039] During the process of the movable ring 3 rotating from its initial alignment state to its maximum rotation angle or maximum offset distance, from the top view of the fixed plate 2, the distance between the movable ring 3 and the fixed plate 2 is always greater than or equal to 0mm, all spring hydraulic shock absorbers 4 deflect to the same side in the circumferential direction of the movable ring 3, and the radial angle between all spring hydraulic shock absorbers 4 and the movable ring 3 is always greater than 0°.

[0040] When the central axis 1 is in an offset state, the compression degree of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 near the central axis 1 is greater than that of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 far from the central axis 1.

[0041] During the offset of the central axis 1, the movable ring 3 rotates around its own axis. The direction of rotation of the movable ring 3 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the spring hydraulic shock absorber 4 around the hinge point of the spring hydraulic shock absorber 4 on the fixed plate 2.

[0042] During the return of the central shaft 1 to its center position, the rotation direction of the movable ring 3 is opposite to the rotation direction of the movable ring 3 during the offset of the central shaft 1, and the rotation direction of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 is also opposite to the rotation direction of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 during the offset of the central shaft 1. Its function is that, through the arrangement of the movable ring 3, the central shaft 1 can drive the movable ring 3 to offset or rotate.

[0043] Before the moving ring 3 moves from its initial alignment state to its maximum offset distance, all spring hydraulic shock absorbers 4 are in a compressed state;

[0044] When the movable ring 3 is at its maximum offset distance, the spring hydraulic shock absorber 4, which is opposite to the offset direction of the movable ring 3, is in its natural state.

[0045] The offset and rotation of the central shaft 1 are converted into the stroke of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4. The spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 can buffer and absorb the vibrations received by the central shaft 1, thereby improving the stability of the central shaft 1. Through the design of the spatial arrangement relationship between the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 and the movable ring 3, when the central shaft 1 is offset, the central shaft 1 pushes the movable ring 3 to move laterally, and the obliquely hinged spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 generates a torque when resisting the displacement, forcing the movable ring 3 to rotate around its own axis. The rotation direction of the movable ring 3 is always opposite to the swing direction of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4.

[0046] At least three preload adjustment devices are provided around the movable ring 3 between the movable ring 3 and the fixed plate 2. Each preload adjustment device includes an adjusting rod 5 and an elastic element 6 arranged coaxially. The device also includes adjusting fisheye bearings 7 at both ends of the adjusting rod 5 and the elastic element 6, which form a whole. Its function is to adjust the position of the central shaft 1 so that the initial position of the central shaft 1 and the movable ring 3 is coaxial with the fixed plate 2; and to adjust the stretching length of the elastic element 6 by adjusting the adjusting rod 5, thereby controlling the preload on the central shaft 1 and ensuring its alignment.

[0047] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the adjusting rod 5 includes an inner rod 8 and an outer rod 9 that are threaded together. The elastic element 6 includes a preload spring 11 and end caps 10 fixedly connected to both ends of the preload spring 11. One end cap 10 is connected to the adjusting rod 5, and the other end cap 10 is connected to the adjusting spherical bearing 7. Its function is that the threaded design of the inner rod 8 and outer rod 9 allows for precise control of the preload force; the preload spring 11 provides an elastic basis, allowing for dynamic fine-tuning of the preload force on the central shaft 1; and the end caps 10 enclose the preload spring 11 and transmit force, thus connecting the elastic element 6 to the adjusting spherical bearing 7 and the adjusting rod 5.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the inner rod 8 is connected to the end cap 10, and the outer rod 9 is connected to the adjusting spherical bearing 7. The adjusting spherical bearing 7 connected to the outer rod 9 is provided with an insert section 12 for embedding into the outer rod 9. Shoulders 13 are provided on both the outer wall of the insert section 12 facing the inner rod 8 and the inner wall of the outer rod 9 away from the inner rod 8. Their function is to axially limit the outer rod 9 and the adjusting spherical bearing 7 connected to it through the design of the insert section 12 and the shoulders 13, preventing the outer rod 9 from detaching from the adjusting spherical bearing 7.

[0049] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 has shock-absorbing fish-eye bearings 14 at both ends. A vertical pin 15 parallel to the central axis 1 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 2. A vertical rod 16 parallel to the central axis 1 is provided inside the outer wall of the movable ring 3. The shock-absorbing fish-eye bearings 14 at both ends of the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 are respectively sleeved on the vertical pin 15 and the vertical rod 16. A bolt 17 parallel to the central axis 1 is provided on the top surface of the movable ring 3. Adjustment fish-eye bearings 7 at both ends of the preload adjustment device are respectively sleeved on the vertical pin 15 and the bolt 17. Its function is to provide a hinge rod parallel to the central axis 1 through the arrangement of the vertical pin 15, the vertical rod 16, and the bolt 17; and to ensure that the preload adjustment device and the spring-hydraulic shock absorber 4 are at different heights and do not interfere with each other through the different positions of the vertical pin 15 and the vertical rod 16 on the movable ring 3.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, the movable ring 3 includes an upper ring 18 and a lower ring 19. A portion of the vertical rod 16 is located on the upper ring 18, and the other portion is located on the lower ring 19. Bolts 17 are threadedly connected to both the upper ring 18 and the lower ring 19. Their function is to facilitate the mounting of the shock-absorbing fisheye bearing 14 on the vertical rod 16 through the arrangement of the upper ring 18 and the lower ring 19; and to provide both a hinge rod and the ability to connect the upper ring 18 and the lower ring 19 through the bolts 17.

[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, a self-aligning bearing 20 is provided between the inner wall of the movable ring 3 and the outer wall of the central shaft 1. Its function is to allow the movable ring 3 to oscillate adaptively when the central shaft 1 rotates or shifts, thus avoiding rigid interference.

[0052] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a bearing plate 21 arranged parallel to the fixed disk 2. A constant velocity universal joint coupling 22 connected to the central shaft 1 is provided on the bottom surface of the bearing plate 21. A self-aligning roller thrust bearing 23 is provided on the top surface of the bearing plate 21, and a bearing cover 24 is provided on the top of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing 23. The constant velocity universal joint coupling 22 is a ball cage coupling or a three-ball pin coupling. Its function is to compensate for the angular misalignment of the central shaft 1 and maintain transmission efficiency; to withstand axial wind pressure loads and allow slight misalignment of the shaft system through the self-aligning roller thrust bearing 23; and to support the thrust bearing and install the constant velocity universal joint coupling 22 through the bearing plate 21.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 1As shown, the constant velocity universal joint coupling 22 is a ball cage coupling, and the center of the ball in the constant velocity universal joint coupling 22 coincides with the center of curvature of the outer raceway of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing 23. Its function is to maintain the normal operation of the constant velocity universal joint coupling 22 when the central shaft 1 rotates by designing the spatial and dimensional relationships between the constant velocity universal joint coupling 22 and the self-aligning roller thrust bearing 23.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a motor plate 25 arranged parallel to the fixed plate 2. A generator 26 is connected to the bottom end of the motor plate 25, and the generator 26 is connected to the constant velocity universal joint coupling 22. The bearing plate 21 is located between the fixed plate 2 and the motor plate 25. The fixed plate 2 and the bearing plate 21, as well as the bearing plate 21 and the motor plate 25, are connected and supported by studs.

[0055] The working principle of this embodiment is explained as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the obliquely hinged spring-hydraulic damper 4 converts the offset of the central shaft 1 into the clockwise rotation of the movable ring 3, driving all the spring-hydraulic dampers 4 to swing counterclockwise. The springs buffer low-frequency vibrations while the hydraulic damping dissipates high-frequency impacts. The initial verticality of the central shaft 1 is corrected by adjusting the preload adjustment device. The design of the curvature center of the outer raceway of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing 23 strictly coinciding with the ball center of the ball cage coupling ensures that the thrust bearing self-aligns to maintain the bearing seat level when the central shaft 1 rotates. At the same time, the ball cage coupling maintains constant speed output without displacement deviation. Finally, the oblique damping synergy improves the system's impact resistance, providing core technical support for the vertical axis fan in terms of anti-turbulence and anti-resonance.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model and within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical axis wind turbine shaft system structure with a vibration damping device, comprising a central shaft (1), characterized in that: It also includes a fixed disc (2) sleeved outside the central shaft (1), a movable ring (3) separately disposed from the fixed disc (2) and a self-aligning roller thrust bearing (23) disposed below the movable ring (3) on the central shaft (1), and at least three spring hydraulic shock absorbers (4) arranged around the movable ring (3), the first and last ends of the spring hydraulic shock absorber (4) being hinged to the fixed disc (2) and the movable ring (3) respectively. As the central shaft (1) deflects around the center of curvature of the outer raceway of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing (23), the central shaft (1) drives the movable ring (3) to shift and rotate. Before the active ring (3) moves from its initial alignment state to its maximum offset distance, all spring hydraulic dampers (4) are in a compressed state; During the process of the movable ring (3) from the initial centering state to the maximum offset state, the spring hydraulic damper (4) facing away from the offset direction of the movable ring (3) changes from the compressed state to the tensile state, and the compression degree of the remaining spring hydraulic dampers (4) increases. When the spring hydraulic damper (4) facing away from the deflection direction of the movable ring (3) is in the tensile state, the tension of the spring hydraulic damper (4) causes the movable ring (3) to rotate. The pressure generated by the rotation of the movable ring (3) compresses the remaining spring hydraulic dampers (4). At the same time, the damper located in the deflection direction of the central axis (1) is also subjected to the pressure generated by the offset of the central axis (1). During the process of the movable ring (3) rotating from its initial alignment state to its maximum rotation angle or maximum offset distance, from the top view of the fixed plate (2), the distance between the movable ring (3) and the fixed plate (2) is always greater than or equal to 0 mm, all spring hydraulic shock absorbers (4) deflect to the same side in the circumferential direction of the movable ring (3), and the radial angle between all spring hydraulic shock absorbers (4) and the movable ring (3) is always greater than 0°. When the central axis (1) is in an offset state, the compression degree of the spring hydraulic damper (4) near the central axis (1) is greater than that of the spring hydraulic damper (4) far from the central axis (1). During the offset of the central axis (1), the movable ring (3) rotates around its own axis. The direction of rotation of the movable ring (3) is opposite to the direction of rotation of the spring hydraulic damper (4) around the hinge point of the spring hydraulic damper (4) on the fixed plate (2). During the process of the central shaft (1) returning to center, the rotation direction of the movable ring (3) is opposite to the rotation direction of the movable ring (3) during the offset process of the central shaft (1), and the rotation direction of the spring hydraulic shock absorber (4) is opposite to the rotation direction of the spring hydraulic shock absorber (4) during the offset process of the central shaft (1).

2. The shaft system structure of a vertical axis wind turbine generator with a vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three preload adjustment devices are provided between the movable ring (3) and the fixed plate (2) and surround the movable ring (3). The preload adjustment device includes an adjustment rod (5) and an elastic element (6) arranged coaxially. The preload adjustment device includes adjustment fisheye bearings (7) at both ends of the adjustment rod (5) and the elastic element (6) forming an integral whole.

3. The shaft system structure of a vertical axis wind turbine generator with a vibration damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting rod (5) includes an inner rod (8) and an outer rod (9) that are threaded together. The elastic element (6) includes a preload spring (11) and end caps (10) that are fixedly connected to both ends of the preload spring (11). One end cap (10) is connected to the adjusting rod (5), and the other end cap (10) is connected to the adjusting fisheye bearing (7).

4. The shaft system structure of a vertical axis wind turbine generator with a vibration damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner rod (8) is connected to the end cap (10), and the outer rod (9) is connected to the adjusting fisheye bearing (7). The adjusting fisheye bearing (7) connected to the outer rod (9) is provided with an embedding section (12) for embedding into the outer rod (9). The outer wall of the embedding section (12) facing the inner rod (8) and the inner wall of the outer rod (9) away from the inner rod (8) are both provided with a shoulder (13).

5. The shaft system structure of a vertical axis wind turbine generator with a vibration damping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spring hydraulic shock absorber (4) is provided with shock-absorbing fish-eye bearings (14) at both ends. A vertical nail (15) parallel to the central shaft (1) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (2). A vertical rod (16) parallel to the central shaft (1) is provided inside the outer wall of the movable ring (3). The shock-absorbing fish-eye bearings (14) at both ends of the spring hydraulic shock absorber (4) are respectively sleeved on the vertical nail (15) and the vertical rod (16). A bolt (17) parallel to the central shaft (1) is provided on the top surface of the movable ring (3). The adjusting fish-eye bearings (7) at both ends of the preload adjusting device are respectively sleeved on the vertical nail (15) and the bolt (17).

6. The shaft system structure of a vertical axis wind turbine generator with a vibration damping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The movable ring (3) includes an upper ring (18) and a lower ring (19). A part of the vertical rod (16) is located on the upper ring (18) and the other part of the vertical rod (16) is located on the lower ring (19). The bolt (17) is threadedly connected to both the upper ring (18) and the lower ring (19).

7. The shaft system structure of a vertical axis wind turbine generator with a vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A self-aligning bearing (20) is provided between the inner wall of the movable ring (3) and the outer wall of the central shaft (1).

8. The shaft system structure of a vertical axis wind turbine generator with a vibration damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a bearing plate (21) arranged parallel to the fixed plate (2), a constant velocity universal joint coupling (22) connected to the central shaft (1) on the bottom surface of the bearing plate (21), a self-aligning roller thrust bearing (23) on the top surface of the bearing plate (21), and a bearing cover (24) on the top of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing (23).

9. A vertical axis wind turbine shaft system structure with a vibration damping device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The constant velocity universal joint coupling (22) adopts a ball cage coupling, and the center of the ball of the constant velocity universal joint coupling (22) coincides with the curvature center of the outer raceway of the self-aligning roller thrust bearing (23).

10. A vertical axis wind turbine shaft system structure with a vibration damping device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a motor plate (25) arranged parallel to the fixed plate (2), a generator (26) connected to the bottom end of the motor plate (25), and the generator (26) is connected to the constant velocity universal joint coupling (22).

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