A heat exchanger head structure of gas-liquid two-phase distribution

Abstract

This utility model discloses a heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation, belonging to the technical field of heat exchanger head technology. The head structure disclosed in this utility model includes a sealing tile, a sealing body, a first end cap, a first connecting pipe, a liquid distribution plate, and a second connecting pipe. The sealing tile and the sealing body are fixedly connected, and the bottom end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the top end of the sealing body. The surface of the liquid distribution plate is covered with through holes for liquid and gas passage and to ensure uniform liquid distribution. The liquid distribution plate is horizontally positioned within the sealing tile and the sealing body, and its periphery is tightly fitted and fixed to the inner walls of the sealing tile and the sealing body. To achieve uniform inlet liquid distribution and prevent mutual resistance between outlet gases, several first connecting pipes are provided on the upper surface of the liquid distribution plate. The bottom end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the liquid distribution plate, and the top end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the first end cap via a sealing strip. A gap is left between the top end of the first connecting pipe and the first end cap for gas flow and to prevent liquid inflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of heat exchanger head technology, specifically relating to a heat exchanger head structure with gas-liquid two-phase flow separation. Background Technology

[0002] Plate-fin heat exchangers are characterized by their compact structure and high heat transfer efficiency. Compared with traditional shell-and-tube heat exchangers, their heat transfer efficiency can be improved by 20% to 30%, and the cost can be reduced by 50%. Therefore, they are widely used in energy, power, chemical, metallurgy, machinery, transportation and other fields, and their application areas are constantly expanding. The end cap is a key component of the plate-fin heat exchanger, its function being to distribute and collect the medium and connect the plate bundles and process piping. In traditional gas-liquid two-phase heat exchangers, the liquid flow exhibits a wall-attaching phenomenon, resulting in uneven liquid distribution, thus requiring the addition of a liquid distributor. However, the addition of a liquid distributor to the end cap causes the gas and liquid flows to interfere with each other. Since gas and liquid enter and exit within the same end cap, the through-holes on the liquid distributor must accommodate both media. If the inlet liquid velocity is too high, the gas cannot be discharged in time, affecting the heat exchange effect; if the outlet gas velocity is too high, the liquid cannot flow downwards. Therefore, if gas and liquid flow in the same channel, it will hinder their normal flow, thus affecting the heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a head structure that can solve the problem of mutual interference between gas and liquid two-phase flows. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of mutual interference between gas and liquid two-phase flow in existing end caps, and to provide a heat exchanger end cap structure with gas-liquid two-phase flow separation.

[0004] The specific technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation, including a sealing tile, a sealing body, a first end cap, a first connecting pipe, a liquid distribution plate, and a second connecting pipe. The sealing tile and the sealing body are fixedly connected, and the sealing tile and the sealing body are combined to form a head base. The bottom end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the top end of the sealing body.

[0006] The surface of the liquid distribution plate is covered with through holes for liquid and gas to pass through. The liquid distribution plate is horizontally set inside the head base. The periphery of the liquid distribution plate is tightly attached to and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing tile and the sealing body, respectively. The upper surface of the liquid distribution plate is provided with several first connecting pipes. The bottom end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the liquid distribution plate, and the top end of the first connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the first cap through a sealing strip. A gap is left between the top end of the first connecting pipe and the first cap for gas to flow through.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the second connector is provided with a removable second cap.

[0008] Preferably, several rows of through holes are parallel and evenly spaced on the surface of the liquid distribution plate, and the diameter of the through holes in a local area near the center of the liquid distribution plate is smaller than the diameter of the through holes in the rest of the area.

[0009] Preferably, the through holes are arranged in several circles with the center point of the liquid distribution plate as the center. In two adjacent circles of through holes, one circle of through holes surrounds the other circle of through holes, and the through holes in the remaining areas are evenly distributed.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the through holes arranged in a circular pattern is smaller than the diameter of the through holes in the remaining areas.

[0011] Preferably, the first connector has four sections, with each section spaced equidistant from the others.

[0012] Preferably, the bottom end of the first connecting pipe is fixed to the liquid distribution plate by welding.

[0013] Preferably, the sealing tile and sealing body are made of aluminum alloy.

[0014] Preferably, the first cap, seal, and liquid distribution plate are all made of aluminum alloy.

[0015] Preferably, both the first and second connecting pipes are made of aluminum alloy.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] The head structure provided by this utility model integrates a liquid distributor and a connecting pipe inside the heat exchanger head. By guiding most of the airflow through the connecting pipe to discharge, it avoids the phenomenon of gas and liquid competing for flow. This not only solves the resistance problem caused by gas-liquid mixing flow in traditional heat exchangers, but also ensures uniform liquid distribution through the porous distribution design of the liquid distribution plate. This enhances the heat transfer effect, reduces energy consumption, and improves the operating efficiency of the equipment, making it more suitable for the demand for high-efficiency heat exchange in industrial applications. It has significant economic and environmental benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the heat exchanger head for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation provided in this embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the head structure of the heat exchanger with gas-liquid two-phase flow separation provided in this embodiment.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of position AA in the middle;

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Sealing tile; 2. Sealing body; 3. First cap; 4. Sealing strip; 5. First connecting pipe; 6. Liquid distribution plate; 7. Through hole; 8. Second connecting pipe; 9. Second cap. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below. Technical features in various embodiments of this utility model can be combined appropriately without conflict.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "linking," and "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or installation, a detachable connection or installation, or an integral connection or installation. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. Terms such as "having," "comprising," and "including" as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, this embodiment provides a gas-liquid two-phase flow heat exchanger head structure, including a sealing tile 1, a sealing body 2, a first end cap 3, a first connecting pipe 5, a liquid distribution plate 6, and a second connecting pipe 8. Since the head structure provided by this utility model is mainly used in heat exchangers, considering factors such as corrosion resistance and not affecting the heat exchanger's heat exchange efficiency, in this embodiment, the sealing tile 1, sealing body 2, first end cap 3, sealing strip 4, first connecting pipe 5, liquid distribution plate 6, and second connecting pipe 8 are all made of aluminum alloy. In this embodiment, the sealing tile 1 and sealing body 2 are fixedly connected, and the sealing tile 1 and sealing body 2 combine to form a head base. In this embodiment, the head is a four-lobed head, and one end of the head base is fixedly connected to a plate-fin heat exchanger. Figure 2As shown, two sealing tiles 1 are disposed on both sides of the opening of the sealing body 2. In this embodiment, the sealing tiles 1 and the sealing body 2 are fixed together by welding. The bottom end of the second connecting pipe 8 is connected to the top end of the sealing body 2. In this embodiment, the top end of the second connecting pipe 8 is provided with a removable second cap 9. When no other external equipment is needed, the second cap 9 is fixed to the second connecting pipe 8, which can prevent external foreign objects such as dust and moisture from entering the heat exchanger while ensuring the airtightness of the internal system of the heat exchanger and protecting the internal cleanliness. When the heat exchanger needs to be connected to other equipment such as a water inlet pipe, the second cap 9 can be removed, and the top end of the second connecting pipe 8 is directly connected to the water inlet pipe.

[0027] In the device provided by this utility model, a liquid distribution plate 6 is horizontally arranged inside the end cap base. The periphery of the liquid distribution plate 6 is tightly fitted to the inner wall of the end cap 1 and the end cap 2, and is fixedly connected by welding. The surface of the liquid distribution plate 6 is covered with through holes 7 for the passage of fluid and gas. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, several rows of through holes 7 are distributed parallel to each other on the surface of the liquid distribution plate 6. These through holes 7 are horizontal in the horizontal direction and vertical in the vertical direction, with consistent spacing between adjacent through holes 7 in each row and column. When the end cap is connected to other equipment such as an inlet pipe, water flows from the top of the second connecting pipe 8 to the bottom of the end cap base and then into the heat exchanger. When water flows into the end cap structure, the flow is usually larger at the center, resulting in a relatively faster flow velocity. The flow is relatively smaller in the surrounding area near the pipe wall of the second connecting pipe 8. This uneven distribution of water entering the heat exchanger affects its heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, in this embodiment, the diameter of the through holes 7 in a localized area near the center of the liquid distribution plate 6 is smaller than the diameter of the through holes 7 in other areas. This limits the ability of a large flow of liquid in the central area to quickly pass through the through holes 7 and enter the heat exchanger, forcing excess liquid to flow to the surrounding areas. The number of smaller diameter through holes 7 at the center can be set according to the actual liquid flow rate during operation. Because the liquid flow velocity in the peripheral area is lower than that in the central area, the diameter of the through holes 7 in the peripheral area is correspondingly increased to accelerate the liquid flow rate. In this way, uniform distribution of liquid is achieved across the entire liquid distribution plate 6, ensuring that the liquid flow velocities entering the heat exchanger in the peripheral and central areas match, thereby optimizing the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. In other embodiments, the center point of the liquid distribution plate 6 can be used as the center, and the arrangement of several rings of through holes 7 in the central area can be designed as a circle. In two adjacent rings of through holes 7, one ring of through holes 7 surrounds the other ring of through holes 7, while the through holes 7 in the remaining areas remain horizontal in the horizontal direction and vertical in the vertical direction, with consistent spacing between each through hole 7, forming a neat array layout. Similarly, the diameter of the circularly arranged through holes 7 is smaller than the diameter of the horizontally and vertically uniformly arranged through holes 7, to ensure uniform distribution of liquid entering the head structure across the entire liquid distribution plate 6.

[0028] In the device provided by this utility model, the liquid distribution plate 6 is provided with a plurality of first connecting pipes 5, and the distance between any two adjacent first connecting pipes 5 remains the same. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottom end of the first connecting pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the liquid distribution plate 6 by welding, and each first connecting pipe 5 has the same size. The bottom of the first connecting pipe 5 is hollowed out and connected to the guide vanes inside the heat exchanger. In practical applications, the diameter and number of first connecting pipes 5 can be adjusted according to the gas-liquid flow rate. In this embodiment, four first connecting pipes 5 are provided. Since the first connecting pipes 5 in this embodiment are mainly used for the discharge of gas in the heat exchanger, and there is a large resistance between the gas and the liquid, depending on the different flow rates of the gas or liquid, there may be situations where the gas cannot go up or the liquid cannot go down. Therefore, a first cap 3 is provided at the top of the first connecting pipe 5 to reduce the liquid flowing into the first connecting pipe 5, so that the gas in the heat exchanger can enter the first connecting pipe 5 through the through hole and be discharged smoothly. The first connecting pipe 5 and the first cap 3 are fixedly connected by a sealing strip 4. A gap is left between the first connecting pipe 5 and the first cap 3 for gas flow and to prevent liquid entering the cap from entering the first connecting pipe 5 and causing poor gas flow. To improve the stability of the first cap 3, the seal 4, and the first connecting pipe 5, and to prevent the first cap 3 from falling off due to liquid or gas pressure, the first cap 3, the seal 4, and the first connecting pipe 5 are all fixed together by welding.

[0029] In the device provided by this utility model, the diameter and number of the first connecting pipes 5 are set according to the actual gas-liquid flow rate during use. The end cap base is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger. If other equipment, such as a water inlet pipe, needs to be connected, the second end cap 9 is removed, and the second connecting pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe. When the gas phase and liquid phase enter and exit from the same end cap, the gas, in order to overflow from the heat exchanger, must first pass through the liquid distribution plate 6 and then flow out through the first connecting pipe 5; while the liquid entering the end cap from the water inlet pipe flows in the area inside the second connecting pipe 8 but outside the first connecting pipe 5. The liquid is evenly distributed through the through holes 7 of different large diameters on the liquid distribution plate 6, so that the liquid can enter the interior of the heat exchanger evenly and improve the heat transfer effect of the heat exchanger. The design of the first connecting pipe 5 and the first cover 3 separates the flow paths of the gas phase and the liquid phase, thus completing the effective gas-liquid separation operation. This avoids the situation where the gas phase and the liquid phase cannot pass through the through hole 7 due to the large resistance between them when they pass through the same path, which would prevent the gas and liquid phases from flowing in the heat exchanger and affect the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0030] The embodiments described above are merely preferred solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation, characterized in that, It includes a sealing tile (1), a sealing body (2), a first cap (3), a first connecting pipe (5), a liquid distribution plate (6), and a second connecting pipe (8). The sealing tile (1) and the sealing body (2) are fixedly connected, and the sealing tile (1) and the sealing body (2) are combined to form a cap base. The bottom end of the second connecting pipe (8) is connected to the top end of the sealing body (2). The surface of the liquid distribution plate (6) is covered with through holes (7) for liquid and gas to pass through. The liquid distribution plate (6) is horizontally set inside the end cap base. The periphery of the liquid distribution plate (6) is tightly attached to and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end cap (1) and the end cap (2). The upper surface of the liquid distribution plate (6) is provided with several first pipes (5). The bottom end of the first pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the liquid distribution plate (6). The top end of the first pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the first end cap (3) through the seal (4). A gap is left between the top end of the first pipe (5) and the first end cap (3) for gas to flow.

2. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the second connector (8) is provided with a removable second cap (9).

3. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several rows of through holes (7) are evenly spaced and distributed on the surface of the liquid distribution plate (6). The diameter of the through holes (7) in a local area near the center of the liquid distribution plate (6) is smaller than the diameter of the through holes (7) in the rest of the area.

4. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through holes (7) are arranged in several circles with the center point of the liquid distribution plate (6) as the center. In two adjacent circles of through holes (7), one circle of through holes (7) surrounds the other circle of through holes (7), and the through holes (7) in the remaining areas are evenly distributed.

5. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the through holes (7) arranged in a circle is smaller than the diameter of the through holes (7) in the remaining areas.

6. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first connector (5) has four branches, and each first connector (5) is equidistant from the others.

7. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom end of the first connecting pipe (5) is fixed to the liquid distribution plate (6) by welding.

8. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing tile (1) and sealing body (2) are made of aluminum alloy.

9. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first cap (3), the seal (4) and the liquid distribution plate (6) are all made of aluminum alloy.

10. The heat exchanger head structure for gas-liquid two-phase flow separation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first connecting pipe (5) and the second connecting pipe (8) are made of aluminum alloy.

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