Antenna device and radar system

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and discloses an antenna device and a radar system. The antenna device comprises an antenna main body, an antenna unit and an isolation structure. The antenna unit is arranged on the antenna main body, and the antenna unit has a radiation port on the radiation surface of the antenna main body; the isolation structure is connected to the antenna main body and is arranged at least partially protruding from the radiation surface, and the antenna unit is correspondingly provided with one isolation structure, and the orthographic projection of the isolation structure on the radiation surface along a first direction divides the radiation port into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiation ports, and the first direction is perpendicular to the radiation surface; the size of the part of the isolation structure protruding from the radiation surface in the first direction is h, and the following condition is met: h 2 ≤ (1.05 lambda) 2 / 4-d 2 / 4; lambda represents the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency of the antenna device, and d represents the size of the radiation port in a second direction; wherein the antenna device and the radar system provided by the application can improve the energy of the front beam and meet the energy requirement of the front direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device and radar system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of electronic devices such as vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar systems, wide-bandwidth, high-transmission-rate, miniaturized, and multifunctional integrated electronic devices remain a development trend. Since high-frequency bands such as millimeter waves can meet the above requirements, millimeter-wave radar antenna devices have received widespread attention.

[0003] Front-facing radar refers to radar used to detect obstacles in front of objects (such as vehicles). In related technologies, a front-facing radar antenna device includes an antenna device body, which is equipped with antenna elements. These antenna elements form a radiating port on the radiating surface of the antenna device body, radiating and receiving electromagnetic waves. The structure of a front-facing radar antenna device is typically a symmetrical bell-shaped structure. Furthermore, because the electromagnetic waves are radiated directly from the radiating port, the difference between the energy at small angles and zero degrees is small, resulting in lower energy in the beam directly in front of the front-facing radar antenna device. This can easily lead to problems in meeting the energy requirements directly in front of the front-facing radar antenna device. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an antenna device to solve the technical problem of low energy of the front beam.

[0005] This application also provides a radar system capable of meeting the frontal energy requirements.

[0006] Antenna device, including:

[0007] Antenna body;

[0008] An antenna element is disposed on the antenna body, and the antenna element has multiple radiating ports spaced apart along a third direction on the radiating surface of the antenna body;

[0009] An isolation structure is connected to the antenna body and at least partially protrudes from the radiating surface. Each antenna element is provided with one isolation structure. The orthogonal projection of the isolation structure onto the radiating surface along a first direction divides the radiating port into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiating ports. The first direction is perpendicular to the radiating surface.

[0010] The portion of the isolation structure protruding from the radiating surface has a dimension h in the first direction, and satisfies: h 2 ≤(1.05λ) 2 / 4-d 2 / 4; λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna device, and d represents the size of the radiation port in the second direction; wherein, the second direction is the arrangement direction of the two sub-radiation ports of the radiation port.

[0011] In some embodiments, the radiation ports are spaced apart along a third direction, the isolation structure is an integral structure, and the isolation structure is arranged across the multiple radiation ports along the third direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the length direction of the isolation structure is a third direction, and the ends of the isolation structure extend beyond the radiation port.

[0013] In some embodiments, both the antenna element and the isolation structure are provided.

[0014] In some embodiments, multiple antenna elements and isolation structures are provided in a one-to-one correspondence, and the orthographic projection of the isolation structure on the radiating surface along the first direction divides the radiating port of the corresponding antenna element into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiating ports.

[0015] In some embodiments, the radiation port is provided with multiple locations spaced apart along a third direction, and the isolation structure includes multiple isolation segments, each of which is connected to the antenna body;

[0016] The isolation section is provided corresponding to the radiation port, and the orthographic projection of the isolation section on the radiation surface along the first direction divides the corresponding radiation port into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiation ports.

[0017] In some embodiments, the isolation structure is perpendicular to the radiating surface.

[0018] In some embodiments, the antenna unit includes a first cavity, the first cavity forming the radiation port on the radiating surface, the first cavity having a stepped structure, and the isolation structure being connected to a connecting portion, the connecting portion being connected to the stepped surface of the first cavity.

[0019] In some embodiments, the isolation structure and the antenna body are an integral structure; or, the isolation structure is fixedly connected to or detachably connected to the antenna body.

[0020] A radar system, including the antenna assembly described above.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0022] The provided antenna device and radar system have an isolation structure disposed on the antenna body. The orthographic projection of the isolation structure onto the radiating surface of the antenna body along the first direction divides each radiating port into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiating ports. This allows electromagnetic waves propagating from the two sub-radiating ports to pass through the isolation structure, flow around it, and then propagate to the far field. Consequently, the isolation structure and the antenna body cooperate to form a fractional structure. When electromagnetic wave energy is radiated from the radiating port, it flows around the surface of the isolation structure, causing the isolation structure to adjust the shape of the beam. By adjusting the dimensions of the portion of the isolation structure protruding from the radiating surface in the first direction to satisfy the relationship, the beam can be shaped into a shape with high energy in the center radiation pattern and lower energy at small angles on both shoulders. That is, it can improve the zero-degree gain. The part with high energy in the center radiation pattern directly in front allows the antenna device to meet the energy requirements in front, thereby increasing the detection range in front of the antenna device. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a side view of an antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 The enlarged view at point A is shown below;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation structure of the antenna device provided in this application embodiment, including the isolation section;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged view of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a simplified schematic diagram showing the relationship between the isolation structure and the size of the radiation port provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of antenna device A and antenna device B provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 11This is the radiation pattern of the antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application when it is adjusted to beam combining.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0035] 1. Antenna body; 11. Radiation surface;

[0036] 2. Antenna element; 21. Radiating port; 211. Sub-radiating port; 22. First cavity;

[0037] 3. Isolation structure; 31. Connecting part; 32. Isolation section;

[0038] X, third direction; Z, first direction; Y, second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the technical problems solved by this application, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this application and not for limiting it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0040] It should be understood that the phrase "an embodiment" or "one embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in one embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0041] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0042] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" specifically refers to two or more.

[0044] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0045] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it can be located in between the component.

[0046] The technical solution of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] This embodiment provides an antenna device that can enhance the energy in front of the device, meeting the application scenarios with high energy requirements in front of the device.

[0048] The antenna device in this embodiment can be a waveguide antenna device, which has advantages such as low insertion loss, high gain, and easy achievement of ultra-low sidelobes.

[0049] For example, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the antenna device includes an antenna body 1, antenna elements 2, and an isolation structure 3, all disposed on the antenna body 1. The antenna body 1 has a radiating surface 11. It is understood that the antenna body 1 may also have a feeding surface (not shown in the figure). The feeding surface and the radiating surface 11 can be arranged adjacent to each other or opposite to each other; this embodiment does not limit this arrangement.

[0050] Optionally, the shape of the antenna body 1 can be set according to actual needs. For example, in this embodiment, the antenna body 1 is rectangular. In other embodiments, the shape of the antenna body 1 can also be cylindrical, frustum-shaped, truncated cone, etc., and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0051] In this embodiment, the antenna element 2 is disposed on the antenna body 1, and the antenna element 2 has a radiation port 21 on the radiation surface 11 of the antenna body 1. Optionally, each antenna element 2 may have one or more radiation ports 21 on the radiation surface 11, which is not limited in this embodiment. When the antenna element 2 has multiple radiation ports 21, the multiple radiation ports 21 may be arranged at intervals along a third direction X.

[0052] Electromagnetic waves within antenna element 2 can propagate outward through radiation port 21, or antenna element 2 can receive electromagnetic waves through radiation port 21. Exemplarily, in this embodiment... Figure 1 The diagram shows an antenna element 2 comprising four radiating ports 21. Figure 5 The diagram shows an antenna element 2 comprising five radiating ports 21.

[0053] In this embodiment, the radio frequency signal is transmitted to the inside of the antenna body 1 through the feed surface, and after being converged and reasonably distributed inside the antenna body 1, it reaches the radiating surface 11. Finally, the radio frequency signal is radiated out in the form of electromagnetic waves through the radiating port 21 on the radiating surface 11.

[0054] It should be noted that the third direction X can be the length or width direction of the antenna body 1, but the third direction X is perpendicular to the thickness (or height) direction of the antenna body 1. This embodiment does not limit this. In this embodiment, the third direction X is the length direction of the antenna body 1.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the isolation structure 3 is disposed on the antenna body 1, that is, the isolation structure 3 is fixedly connected to the antenna body 1. Furthermore, as... Figure 3 As shown, the isolation structure 3 may be at least partially protruding from the radiating surface 11. In this embodiment, each antenna element 2 is provided with an isolation structure 3, that is, the antenna element 2 and the isolation structure 3 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0056] In one embodiment, the isolation structure 3 is located at the center of the radiation port 21. Specifically, as shown... Figure 7 or Figure 8As shown, the orthographic projection of the isolation structure 3 along the first direction Z onto the radiating surface 11 divides the radiating port 21 of the corresponding antenna element 2 into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiating ports 211. Furthermore, the two sub-radiating ports 211 have the same area. This arrangement ensures that the two sub-radiating ports 211 have equal and symmetrical areas, resulting in equal energy radiated from both sub-radiating ports 211. This facilitates the coherence of the electromagnetic waves radiated from the two sub-radiating ports 211, with the coherent position directly above the isolation structure 3, thus achieving the requirement of high intermediate energy.

[0057] It should be noted that the center of symmetry of the two sub-radiation ports 211 of the radiation port 21 is the orthographic projection of the isolation structure 3 onto the radiation surface 11.

[0058] In this embodiment, the first direction Z is perpendicular to the radiating surface 11, that is, the first direction Z is the thickness direction of the antenna body 1.

[0059] It should also be noted that the radiation port 21 in this embodiment is specifically a two-dimensional structure, that is, the radiation port 21 has dimensions in the length and width directions of the antenna body 1, but does not have dimensions in the thickness direction of the antenna body 1.

[0060] In one embodiment, the size of the isolation structure 3 is sufficient to adjust the beam into a combined beam. For example, as... Figure 7 As shown, the portion of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiation surface 11 has a dimension of h in the first direction Z, in millimeters.

[0061] In this embodiment, h satisfies: h 2 ≤(1.05λ) 2 / 4-d 2 / 4. When h satisfies the relationship, the electromagnetic waves radiated from each sub-radiating port 211 can coherently converge at the middle position after flowing around the isolation structure 3. That is, the radiation pattern shows a significant enhancement at zero-degree gain, thus meeting the requirement of high energy in the middle radiation pattern and low energy in the side radiation patterns. Here, λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna device, in millimeters, and can also be considered as the operating wavelength of the antenna device. d represents the size of the radiating port 21 in the second direction Y, in millimeters. The second direction refers to the arrangement direction of the two sub-radiating ports 211 of the radiating port 21.

[0062] In some embodiments, the third direction X, the first direction Z, and the second direction Y in this embodiment are perpendicular to each other. When the third direction X is the length direction of the antenna body 1, the first direction Z is the thickness direction of the antenna body 1, and the second direction Y is the width direction of the antenna body 1.

[0063] It can be seen that the dimensions of the isolation structure 3 when adjusting the radiation pattern are related to the operating wavelength of the antenna device, as well as the dimensions of the radiation port 21.

[0064] In this embodiment, the antenna device has an isolation structure 3 disposed on the antenna body 1. The orthographic projection of the isolation structure 3 along the first direction Z onto the radiating surface 11 of the antenna body 1 divides each radiating port 21 into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiating ports 211. This allows electromagnetic waves propagating from the two sub-radiating ports 211 to pass through the isolation structure 3, flow around it, and then propagate to the far field. Consequently, the isolation structure 3 and the antenna body 1 cooperate to form a fractional structure. When electromagnetic wave energy is radiated from the radiating port 21, it flows around the surface of the isolation structure 3, causing the isolation structure 3 to adjust the shape of the beam. By adjusting the size of the portion of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiating surface 11 in the first direction Z to satisfy the relationship, the beam can be shaped into a shape with high energy in the middle radiation pattern and lower energy at small angles on both shoulders. That is, it can improve the zero-degree gain. The part with high energy in the middle radiation pattern at the front allows the antenna device to meet the energy requirements at the front, thereby increasing the detection range at the front of the antenna device.

[0065] It should be noted that in this embodiment, high energy in the intermediate radiation pattern refers to a large zero-degree gain in the antenna radiation pattern.

[0066] Furthermore, the radiation pattern of radar antenna devices in related technologies is relatively narrow, which typically results in a narrow azimuth field of view (FOV). However, the antenna device provided in this embodiment, when applied to a front radar, significantly widens the radiation pattern, thereby increasing the FOV of the front radar.

[0067] Furthermore, antenna devices in related technologies suffer from interference with the main lobe at small angles (e.g., between 20° and 30°). However, the antenna device provided in this embodiment, due to the isolation structure 3, can reduce the interference of targets at small angles (e.g., between 20° and 30°) on the directly forward beam, thereby improving detection accuracy.

[0068] In some alternative implementations, when d = 4 mm, λ = 3.92 mm, h ≤ 0.49 mm, the dimensions of the isolation structure 3 satisfy the requirement of adjusting the beam into a combined beam.

[0069] In this embodiment, the isolation structure 3 can be an integral structure or a split structure. This embodiment will provide a detailed description of both cases.

[0070] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, the isolation structure 3 is a one-piece structure, that is, the isolation structure 3 is a single piece, and also, the isolation structure 3 is a continuous structure. When the antenna element 2 includes multiple radiating ports 21, the isolation structure 3 is arranged across multiple radiating ports 21 along the third direction X, thereby ensuring that the orthogonal projection of the isolation structure 3 along the first direction Z on the radiating surface 11 divides each radiating port 21 into two sub-radiating ports 211. By setting the isolation structure 3 as a one-piece structure, on the one hand, it facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the isolation structure 3 and reduces structural complexity; on the other hand, it avoids the phenomenon of horizontal radiation pattern appearing due to the inability of the discontinuous isolation structure 3 to block the radiating ports 21, thus interfering with the radiation continuity in the horizontal direction and ensuring the shape of the horizontal radiation pattern; it should also be noted that the continuous isolation structure 3 can effectively increase the beamwidth of the radiation pattern, thereby improving the FOV of the antenna device. Furthermore, the radiation continuity in the horizontal direction of the continuous isolation structure 3 is better, and the horizontal radiation of the continuous isolation structure 3 does not have pits, ensuring the phase of the antenna device.

[0071] In at least one possible implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the isolation structure 3 is an integral structure, it extends along the third direction X, meaning its length is along the third direction X. To further improve the mutual interference when the two sub-radiating ports 211 propagate along the third direction X, in this embodiment, the ends of the isolation structure 3 extend beyond the radiating ports 21. That is, one end of the isolation structure 3 extends beyond the radiating port 21 closest to it and located at the edge, and the other end extends beyond the other radiating port 21 closest to it and located at the edge. This ensures that the electromagnetic waves propagated from the two sub-radiating ports 211 located at the edge can still be blocked by the isolation structure 3 when extending along the third direction X, reducing the impact of the coupling of these electromagnetic waves on the phase of the antenna device. Furthermore, the fact that the ends of the isolation structure 3 extend beyond the radiating ports 21 also increases the connection area between the isolation structure 3 and the antenna body 1, thereby improving the connection strength between the isolation structure 3 and the antenna body 1, reducing the risk of separation between the isolation structure 3 and the antenna body 1, and providing higher reliability.

[0072] It is understandable that the two ends of the isolation structure 3 may not extend beyond the radiation port 21, but this embodiment does not limit this.

[0073] In other embodiments, the isolation structure 3 is a split structure, for example, as Figure 6As shown, the isolation structure 3 includes multiple isolation segments 32, which are spaced apart along the third direction X and are not connected to each other. Each isolation segment 32 is connected to the antenna body 1. The multiple isolation segments 32 correspond one-to-one with multiple radiating ports 21. The orthographic projection of the isolation segment 32 along the first direction Z onto the radiating surface 11 divides the corresponding radiating port 21 into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiating ports 211. Thus, by setting multiple isolation segments 32, the separation of each radiating port 21 can also be achieved. Optionally, in this embodiment, the isolation segment 32 is arranged across the corresponding radiating port 21 along the third direction X, and both ends of the isolation segment 32 can be connected to the antenna body 1 through connecting posts or other components.

[0074] It should be noted that the height of the isolation section 32 is equal to the height of the isolation structure 3, so as to ensure that the electromagnetic waves propagating from the two sub-radiation ports 211 can coherently flow around the isolation section 32.

[0075] It is evident that whether the isolation structure 3 is continuous or discontinuous, it can effectively divide the radiation port 21 into two sub-radiation ports 211 with equal areas.

[0076] Optionally, the isolation structure 3 in this embodiment can be in the form of a flat plate. In other optional embodiments, the isolation structure 3 can also be a metal sheet. For example, the metal sheet can be vertically inserted into the antenna body 1, which can reduce the size of the isolation structure 3 along the second direction Y at the radiation port 21.

[0077] Optionally, the material of the isolation structure 3 can be a conductor or a non-conductor, and this embodiment does not limit this. For example, the material of the isolation structure 3 can be a metal.

[0078] In some alternative implementations, the isolation structure 3 can be an integral part of the antenna body 1 to improve the connection strength between the isolation structure 3 and the antenna body 1.

[0079] It is understandable that the isolation structure 3 and the antenna body 1 can be separate structures, not an integral one. That is, the isolation structure 3 can be fixedly connected to the antenna body 1 or detachably connected. For example, the antenna body 1 and the isolation structure 3 can be fixedly connected together after processing. With this configuration, multiple identical antenna bodies 1 and multiple identical or different isolation structures 3 can be manufactured. Depending on specific needs, the isolation structure 3 can be connected to different positions on the antenna body 1, thereby obtaining antenna devices with different electrical performance.

[0080] In one implementation, please continue to see Figure 3When at least a portion of the isolation structure 3 protrudes from the radiating surface 11 of the antenna body 1, the isolation structure 3 is perpendicular to the radiating surface 11. This arrangement ensures that the isolation structure 3, while fulfilling its separation function, does not excessively block electromagnetic waves propagating from the radiating port 21, thus preventing unnecessary energy loss and ensuring a high gain in the antenna's radiation pattern. For example, the isolation structure 3 can be plate-shaped, with its length direction being the third direction X, its height direction the second direction Y, and its thickness direction the first direction Z.

[0081] In at least one embodiment, one or more antenna elements 2 may be provided, and each antenna element 2 corresponds to an isolation structure 3.

[0082] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, both antenna element 2 and isolation structure 3 are provided. At this time, the orthogonal projection of isolation structure 3 along the first direction Z on the radiation surface 11 divides all the radiation ports 21 of antenna element 2 into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiation ports 211.

[0083] In another embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, there are multiple antenna elements 2 and isolation structures 3 in a one-to-one correspondence. The orthogonal projection of each isolation structure 3 along the first direction Z on the radiation surface 11 divides all the radiation ports 21 of the corresponding antenna element 2 into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiation ports 211.

[0084] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 4 or Figure 7 As shown, antenna element 2 includes a first cavity 22, which forms a radiation port 21 on the radiation surface 11. When there are multiple radiation ports 21, there are multiple corresponding first cavities 22. Optionally, antenna element 2 may include a power divider, which includes multiple first cavities 22.

[0085] Please continue reading Figure 4 or Figure 7 The first cavity 22 has a stepped structure, that is, the first cavity 22 is a stepped hole. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the isolation structure 3 is connected to a connecting portion 31, which is connected to the stepped surface of the first cavity 22. With this configuration, the isolation structure 3 has a portion extending into the first cavity 22, and the isolation structure 3 is connected to the cavity wall of the first cavity 22, so as to increase the connection area between the isolation structure 3 and the antenna body 1, thereby further improving the connection strength between the antenna body 1 and the isolation structure 3.

[0086] In one possible implementation, the surface of the connecting portion 31 facing the center of the first cavity 22 is flush with the cavity wall of the first cavity 22 closest to its center, so that the arrangement of the connecting portion 31 does not affect the minimum cross-section of the first cavity 22, thereby ensuring the efficiency of energy transmission.

[0087] The relationship between the dimensions of the isolation structure 3 and the radiation pattern will be explained next. The height of the portion of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiation surface 11 can, to a certain extent, control the shape of the radiation pattern. Figure 9 This is a simplified geometric diagram of the divided radial ports 21. Figure 9 In the diagram, h represents the dimension of the portion of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiating surface 11 in the first direction Z, D represents the length of the segmented wavefront, and d represents the dimension of the radiating port 21 in the second direction Y. The third direction X, the first direction Z, and the second direction Y are all perpendicular to each other. For example, the second direction Y is the width direction of the antenna body 1.

[0088] It should be noted that, Figure 9 The thickness of the isolation structure 3 is ignored in the geometric diagram shown. Since the thickness of the isolation structure 3 is relatively small compared to the size of the radiation port 21 in the second direction Y, the influence of the isolation structure 3 on the phase is small. Therefore, the bonding relationship can be simplified to... Figure 9 The diagram shown.

[0089] from Figure 9 As can be seen from this, the distance from the wavefront center of the two sub-radiation ports 211 formed by the orthographic projection of the isolation structure 3 to the center of the isolation structure 3 is: D / 2*2=D, and the phase represented by this distance is 2π / λ*D.

[0090] In this embodiment, it is assumed that two antenna devices are simply used to represent the two sub-radiating ports 211 obtained by the division. According to the combined radiation pattern of the two antenna devices: Figure 10 As shown, assuming the two antenna devices are antenna device A and antenna device B, and the distance between them is d1, then the expression for the simultaneous radiation of the two antenna devices is: A+B=e^(jΦsinθ)+e^(j(Φ+ΔΦ)sinθ), where ΔΦ represents the phase difference between the two antenna devices. According to the relationship between the distances between the antenna devices, the phase difference between the two antenna devices can be approximately expressed as: ΔΦ=2π / λ*d1.

[0091] First, we need to determine the broad condition for the same direction, which is: ΔΦ≤1.05π. Substituting ΔΦ=2π / λ·d1 into the equation, we get d1≤(1.05λ) / 2.

[0092] Then, the broad condition of being in the same direction is substituted into the expression, where d1 = D, D 2 =h 2 +(d / 2) 2 At this point, the relationship that the dimensions of the portion of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiation surface 11 in the first direction Z should satisfy during beam combining can be obtained as follows:

[0093] h 2 ≤(1.05λ) 2 / 4-d 2 / 4.

[0094] Optionally, this embodiment also simulated antenna devices with isolation structures 3 of different sizes, and obtained... Figure 11 The simulation diagram shown.

[0095] in, Figure 11 This indicates the case where the radiation pattern is a beam combiner. Figure 11 The horizontal axis represents the observation angle in degrees, and the vertical axis represents the gain in dB. Figure 11 The blue line in the diagram represents the radiation pattern of the antenna device whose dimensions in the first direction Z are within the range of values ​​for the portion of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiating surface 11. Figure 11 The red line in the diagram represents the radiation pattern of the antenna device when the size of the portion of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiating surface 11 in the first direction Z is equal to the critical value. Figure 11 The yellow line in the diagram represents the radiation pattern of the antenna device when the portion of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiating surface 11 has a dimension outside the range in the first direction Z.

[0096] from Figure 11 As can be seen, when the size of the part of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiating surface 11 in the first direction Z is equal to the critical value or within the range of values, the zero-degree gain of the antenna device is greater than the zero-degree gain when the size of the part of the isolation structure 3 protruding from the radiating surface 11 in the first direction Z is outside the critical value. This achieves the goal of high energy in the middle radiation pattern and low energy in the side radiation patterns of the antenna device.

[0097] This embodiment also provides a radar system, including the antenna device described above. The radar system provided in this embodiment has high flexibility and is easy to adjust its electrical functions.

[0098] For example, the radar system in this embodiment can be a front radar, an angle radar, etc., and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0099] This embodiment specifically uses an in-vehicle radar system as an example for explanation. This radar system can be a speed-measuring radar system. For example, this speed-measuring radar system can measure the rotational speed of wheels to determine the speed of vehicles such as cars. The in-vehicle radar system can also be an obstacle detection radar system. For example, this obstacle detection radar system can observe the terrain in low or very poor visibility conditions and warn the driver to prevent accidents. The in-vehicle radar system can also be an adaptive cruise control radar. For example, this adaptive cruise control radar can adapt to the environment around the vehicle and maintain a safe speed with the vehicle in front based on the speed of the vehicle itself and the vehicle in front.

[0100] Understandably, both signal transmission and reception in a radar system require an antenna. The radar system may also include radio frequency (RF) circuitry (not shown in the figure) and a circuit board (not shown in the figure), with one end of the antenna electrically connected to the RF circuitry. This RF circuitry can be a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC) integrated on the circuit board. For example, the antenna is mounted on the circuit board, and one end of the antenna can be electrically connected to the RF circuitry on the circuit board via a transition structure such as a feed network, enabling the mutual transmission of RF signals between the antenna and the RF circuitry.

[0101] In addition, the circuit board also houses processing units such as digital signal processors (DSPs). The DSP and RFIC can be located on opposite surfaces of the circuit board, and are electrically connected via traces on the board. The antenna and RFIC are positioned on the same side of the circuit board for easy electrical connection. In practical applications, other functional chips such as memory chips and control chips are also mounted on the circuit board.

[0102] In practical applications, radar systems also include radomes. Antennas, circuit boards, and other components are housed within these radomes to protect them from external environmental influences. The radomes possess excellent electromagnetic wave penetration characteristics and are mechanically robust enough to withstand harsh external environments. They protect the radar system's components from dust or water damage. The circuit boards can be secured to the inner wall of the radome at both ends using support pillars, enhancing the stability of the circuit boards and the components integrated within them.

[0103] It is understandable that a radar system is equipped with a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna or the receiving antenna may include one or more antennas.

[0104] Obviously, the above embodiments of this application are merely examples for clear illustration and are not intended to limit the implementation of this application. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, include: Antenna body; An antenna element is disposed on the antenna body, and the antenna element has a radiation port on the radiation surface of the antenna body; An isolation structure is connected to the antenna body and at least partially protrudes from the radiating surface. Each antenna element is provided with one isolation structure. The orthogonal projection of the isolation structure onto the radiating surface along a first direction divides the radiating port into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiating ports. The first direction is perpendicular to the radiating surface. The portion of the isolation structure protruding from the radiating surface has a dimension h in the first direction, and satisfies: h 2 ≤(1.05λ) 2 / 4-d 2 / 4; λ represents the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the antenna device, and d represents the size of the radiation port in the second direction; the second direction is the arrangement direction of the two sub-radiation ports of the radiation port.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation ports are spaced apart along a third direction. The isolation structure is an integral structure and spans the multiple radiation ports along the third direction. The third direction, the first direction, and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

3. The antenna device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The isolation structure extends beyond the radiation port at its third-direction end.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the antenna element and the isolation structure are provided.

5. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna elements and the isolation structure are provided in a one-to-one correspondence. The orthographic projection of the isolation structure on the radiation surface along the first direction divides the radiation port of the corresponding antenna element into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiation ports.

6. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation ports are spaced in multiples, and the isolation structure includes multiple isolation sections, each of which is connected to the antenna body; The isolation section is provided corresponding to the radiation port, and the orthographic projection of the isolation section on the radiation surface along the first direction divides the corresponding radiation port into two symmetrically arranged sub-radiation ports.

7. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The isolation structure is perpendicular to the radiation surface.

8. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The antenna unit includes a first cavity, which forms the radiation port on the radiating surface. The first cavity has a stepped structure, and the isolation structure is connected to a connecting part, which is connected to the stepped surface of the first cavity.

9. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The isolation structure is an integral part of the antenna body; or the isolation structure is fixedly connected to or detachably connected to the antenna body.

10. A radar system, characterized in that, Includes the antenna device as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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