Variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential wall columns

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high -rise residential wall column variable cross section form, including from top to bottom detachable connection's upper layer sub -form, middle layer sub -form and lower layer sub -form, the one side of middle layer sub -form is provided with the longitudinal recess towards the pouring area, the notch of recess faces the pouring area, and the lower extreme of recess is located in the middle layer sub -form, and the upper end of recess is open to the outside, and the lower extreme of recess is used for embedding the opposite -pulled screw rod, and the lower extreme of upper layer sub -form is provided with the longitudinal insertion board, and the insertion board is used for inserting recess, and the lower extreme of insertion board can be pasted opposite -pulled screw rod. The utility model divides form into three layer sub -forms from top to bottom, and three layer sub -forms are connected through the mode who splices, and the both ends of expansion sub -form are detachably connected with other sub -forms, and the opposite -pulled screw rod is embedded in the middle layer sub -form, and then make form according to need repeatedly use, save a large quantity of form making's time, and avoid the waste of form simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a variable cross-section template for wall columns in high-rise residential buildings. Background Technology

[0002] In the structural design of high-rise residential buildings, variable cross-section walls and columns are a commonly used engineering technique. Its core principle stems from the non-uniform distribution of vertical loads along the height of a high-rise building. The bottom floors bear the cumulative load of all floors above them, resulting in the highest axial force design value; as the height increases, the cumulative load decreases layer by layer, and the corresponding axial force design value also decreases.

[0003] Based on the principles of structural mechanics and material optimization, the cross-sectional dimensions of vertical load-bearing components (such as shear walls and frame columns) do not necessarily have to remain consistent from bottom to top. Variable cross-section design involves, based on the actual internal forces calculated for each floor, systematically reducing the cross-sectional dimensions (such as thickness, width, or diameter) of walls or columns in upper floors, while meeting structural safety (strength, stability) and stiffness requirements. This change typically occurs in specific structural transfer floors or equipment floors.

[0004] When pouring concrete for a variable cross-section wall, it is usually necessary to temporarily fabricate formwork according to the design of the variable cross-section wall. However, the fabricated formwork can only be used for a single variable cross-section wall and cannot be reused for other variable cross-section walls. The formwork must be fabricated again, which is very detrimental to the construction progress and requires a lot of time and manpower to fabricate the formwork. At the same time, the use of formwork for one time also results in the waste of formwork. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a variable cross-section template for high-rise residential wall columns. The template is divided into three sub-templates from top to bottom. The three sub-templates are spliced ​​together, and the two ends of the extended sub-templates are detachably connected to other sub-templates. Tie rods are detachably embedded in the middle sub-template, so that the template can be reused as needed, saving a lot of template production time and avoiding template waste.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a variable cross-section formwork for wall columns of high-rise residential buildings, including an upper sub-formwork, a middle sub-formwork, and a lower sub-formwork that are detachably connected from top to bottom. The middle sub-formwork has a longitudinal groove on the side facing the pouring area, the groove opening faces the pouring area, the lower end of the groove is located inside the middle sub-formwork, the upper end of the groove is connected to the outside, and the lower end of the groove is used to embed tie rods. The lower end of the upper sub-formwork is provided with a longitudinal insertion plate, which is used to insert into the groove, and the lower end of the insertion plate can fit against the tie rods.

[0007] Furthermore, a placement groove is provided at the bottom of the groove at the lower end of the groove, and the opening of the placement groove is the same as the opening of the groove.

[0008] Furthermore, a rubber strip is provided on the groove wall at the lower end of the groove, and a rubber strip is also provided on the bottom of the plug plate, with the two rubber strips positioned opposite each other vertically.

[0009] Furthermore, there are multiple grooves, and these grooves are evenly distributed along the horizontal direction on one side of the middle sub-formwork facing the pouring area.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the upper sub-template is provided with a protrusion, and the top of the middle sub-template is provided with a recess, the protrusion and the recess being matched.

[0011] Furthermore, there are multiple protrusions, and the number of depressions is equal to the number of protrusions, with their positions corresponding one-to-one.

[0012] Furthermore, the middle layer sub-template is provided with a slide bar in the bottom extension direction, and the lower layer sub-template is provided with a slide groove in the top extension direction. The slide bar matches the slide groove, and the left and right ends of the slide groove are respectively connected to the outside.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper sub-template, the middle sub-template, and the lower sub-template are each provided with detachable connectors at their left and right ends.

[0014] Furthermore, the longitudinal sections of the upper sub-template, the middle sub-template, and the lower sub-template are all right-angled trapezoids, and the outer contours of the upper sub-template, the middle sub-template, and the lower sub-template are smooth.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper sub-template, the middle sub-template, and the lower sub-template are provided with anti-slip layers at both ends.

[0016] This utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0017] This utility model provides a variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential walls and columns. By innovatively designing the traditional integral formwork into a detachable and splicable three-layer structure (upper sub-formwork, middle sub-formwork, and lower sub-formwork) from top to bottom, and supplementing it with a modular end connection design, it fundamentally solves the key problems mentioned in the background art, such as the inability to reuse variable cross-section wall casting formwork, low production efficiency, and serious waste. Specifically: 1) Significantly improves the reusability and versatility of the formwork: The standardized design and detachable connection of the three-layer sub-formwork (such as protrusions / recesses, sliding strips / grooves, and end connectors) allow for flexible combination, replacement, or adjustment of the size or quantity of specific layers (especially the middle sub-formwork) according to different variable cross-section height and position requirements. This enables a single formwork system to adapt to various variable cross-section working conditions, completely changing the traditional "one wall, one formwork" customization model and greatly reducing the number and frequency of special formwork production. 2) Optimized construction efficiency and convenience: The pre-designed longitudinal grooves and bottom placement slots on the middle-layer sub-formwork provide standardized, quick-installation / removal mounting positions for tie rods. Simultaneously, the insert plates of the upper-layer sub-formwork can precisely insert into the grooves and fit the tie rods, combined with rubber strip sealing. This ensures the positioning accuracy, structural integrity, and grout leakage prevention of the formwork assembly, while significantly simplifying the installation and disassembly process of key load-bearing components (tie rods), substantially shortening formwork erection and dismantling time. 3) Effectively reduced material costs and resource consumption: Because the formwork can be reused in different projects or at different variable cross-section locations within the same project, it directly avoids the production and use of large quantities of disposable formwork, saving raw materials such as timber or steel, and reducing procurement costs and waste disposal burden. 4) Enhanced structural reliability and construction quality: The modular design (such as right-angled trapezoidal contours, smooth outer surfaces, and anti-slip layers) ensures that the assembled formwork system has stable structural performance and good surface quality, which is beneficial for concrete forming results. In summary, this layered modular detachable template system, through structural innovation, achieves a comprehensive technical effect of efficient reuse, rapid assembly, precise positioning, and cost savings, effectively overcoming the core drawbacks of existing technologies in the construction of variable cross-section walls.

[0018] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This utility model provides an overall structural schematic diagram of a variable cross-section template for wall columns in high-rise residential buildings.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view diagram of the template of this utility model when spliced ​​together in the case of trapezoidal variable cross section.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a transverse sectional view of the template of this utility model used for splicing when the cross-section of the wall column changes at the corner.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1. Upper sub-formwork; 2. Recess; 3. Middle sub-formwork; 4. Groove; 5. Placement slot; 6. Sliding strip; 7. Sliding groove; 8. Lower sub-formwork; 9. Rubber strip; 10. Insert plate; 11. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0026] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential wall columns, including an upper sub-formwork 1, a middle sub-formwork 3, and a lower sub-formwork 8 that are detachably connected from top to bottom. The middle sub-formwork 3 has a longitudinal groove 4 on the side facing the pouring area. The groove 4 faces the pouring area, and the lower end of the groove 4 is located inside the middle sub-formwork 3. The upper end of the groove 4 is connected to the outside. The lower end of the groove 4 is used to embed tie rods. The lower end of the upper sub-formwork 1 is provided with a longitudinal insertion plate 10. The insertion plate 10 is used to insert into the groove 4, and the lower end of the insertion plate 10 can fit against the tie rods.

[0027] The core of this utility model, which relates to a variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential walls and columns, lies in solving the problems of traditional variable cross-section wall casting formwork being unusable, having low construction efficiency, and causing serious material waste through a layered, modular, and detachable structure.

[0028] During construction, workers assemble the templates of this utility model according to the variable cross-section of the wall column to be poured. During installation, the three sub-templates (upper sub-template 1, middle sub-template 3, and lower sub-template 8) are slightly tilted when erected to fit the variable cross-section of the wall column. The installation process is as follows: first, the lower sub-template 8 is placed and installed, and then the middle sub-template 3 is installed above the lower sub-template 8. Tie rods are horizontally inserted into the lower end of the groove 4, with the two ends of the tie rods located at the lower ends of the grooves 4 of the two middle sub-templates 3 opposite to each other in the pouring area. Then, the plug plate 10 is inserted into the groove 4 to fix the tie rods located at the bottom of the groove 4. Only the head of the tie rod is located in the groove of the groove 4. When the plug plate 10 is inserted, the installation of the upper sub-template 1 above the middle sub-template 3 is also completed.

[0029] The template of this utility model consists of an upper sub-template 1, a middle sub-template 3, and a lower sub-template 8, which are detachably connected from top to bottom. This layered design solves the problem of the traditional "one template per wall" customization, eliminating the need for repeated template production.

[0030] The core innovation of this utility model lies in its layered design, and the longitudinal groove 4 opened on the pouring side of the middle sub-formwork 3, with its lower end closed for embedding the tie rod, and its upper end open for easy operation. After the plug plate 10 at the bottom of the upper sub-formwork 1 is inserted into the groove 4, its lower end directly abuts against the tie rod.

[0031] The resulting technical effects are:

[0032] ① The plug plate 10 and the groove 4 form a vertical force transmission path, which directly transmits the tension force of the tie rod to the upper structure, avoiding stress concentration caused by abrupt changes in cross section of traditional templates;

[0033] ② Groove 4 serves as a standardized interface, improving the installation / removal efficiency of the tie rod by more than 50%;

[0034] ③ The quick assembly and disassembly of the three-layer sub-formwork increases the formwork reuse rate by 3-5 times.

[0035] Meanwhile, this utility model optimizes the installation of the tie rod. Its structure includes a placement groove 5 at the bottom of the lower end of the groove 4, the opening of which is identical to the opening of the groove 4. Furthermore, there are multiple grooves 4, evenly spaced horizontally on one side of the middle layer sub-formwork 3 facing the pouring area.

[0036] The groove 4 has a rubber strip 9 on its lower wall and the plug plate 10 has a rubber strip 9 on its bottom, with the two rubber strips 9 positioned opposite each other.

[0037] In this invention, the placement groove 5 is designed by adding a placement groove 5 at the bottom of the groove 4, which is in the same direction as the groove opening. Its width is slightly larger than the diameter of the tie rod, which can be 1-3 mm larger. The principle is that the placement groove 5 provides lateral limiting space for the tie rod, preventing the rod from shifting due to the lateral pressure of the concrete during pouring, and ensuring that the tie force is evenly distributed.

[0038] Meanwhile, this utility model uses rubber strips 9 for sealing. The lower end of the groove 4 and the bottom of the plug plate 10 are provided with opposing rubber strips 9. When the plug plate 10 is inserted, the double rubber strips 9 are compressed to form a double sealing interface, which completely prevents cement grout from seeping into the groove 4, thus solving the problems of screw corrosion and disassembly difficulties caused by grout leakage.

[0039] For the parallel layout of multiple grooves 4, multiple grooves 4 are evenly distributed horizontally along the middle layer sub-formwork 3 to adapt to the stress requirements of wall columns of different widths. By increasing or decreasing the number of grooves 4 to match the tie rod spacing specifications, the stability of the formwork is improved, as well as the stability of the wall after pouring.

[0040] For the detachable connection between the three sub-templates, i.e., quick positioning between layers, in this utility model, the bottom of the upper sub-template 1 is provided with a protrusion 11, and the top of the middle sub-template 3 is provided with a recess 2, with the protrusion 11 and the recess 2 matching each other. There are multiple protrusions 11, and the number of recesses 2 is equal to the number of protrusions 11, with their positions corresponding one-to-one.

[0041] The interlocking mechanism consists of protrusions 11 and recesses 2. Multiple protrusions 11 are provided at the bottom of the upper sub-formwork 1, and corresponding recesses 2 are provided at the top of the middle sub-formwork 3. The protrusions 11 and recesses 2 form a mechanical interlocking structure, which realizes precise horizontal positioning between layers and prevents misalignment caused by lateral pressure of concrete.

[0042] The middle layer sub-template 3 is provided with a slide bar 6 in the bottom extension direction, and the lower layer sub-template 8 is provided with a slide groove 7 in the top extension direction. The slide bar 6 matches the slide groove 7, and the left and right ends of the slide groove 7 are respectively connected to the outside.

[0043] The guide formed by the sliding strip 6 and the sliding groove 7 is provided at the bottom of the middle sub-formwork 3 and at the top of the lower sub-formwork 8. The sliding strip 6 slides along the sliding groove 7 to achieve rapid longitudinal connection, which is especially suitable for segmented construction scenarios of super high-rise buildings, improving assembly efficiency by 40%.

[0044] Finally, there is the modular expansion and structural reinforcement of this utility model, namely... Figure 4 In this case, the various modules are spliced ​​together. Detachable connectors are provided at both ends of the upper sub-template 1, the middle sub-template 3, and the lower sub-template 8. This completes the splicing process.

[0045] Since this utility model needs to adapt to the variable cross section of the wall column, the template needs to be set in a right-angled trapezoid at the edge after splicing. Therefore, the longitudinal cross section of the upper sub-template 1, the middle sub-template 3 and the lower sub-template 8 are all right-angled trapezoids, and the outer contours of the upper sub-template 1, the middle sub-template 3 and the lower sub-template 8 are smooth.

[0046] To further optimize the splicing and prevent grout leakage, the upper sub-formwork 1, the middle sub-formwork 3, and the lower sub-formwork 8 are provided with anti-slip layers at their left and right ends.

[0047] In this invention, the ends have detachable connectors, and each sub-template is equipped with bolts or snap-fit ​​connectors on its left and right ends. This allows for the horizontal splicing of multiple templates, meeting the needs of wall columns of any length, and offering excellent scalability.

[0048] Meanwhile, to accommodate the variable cross-section of the walls and columns, the templates located at the edges after splicing adopt a right-angled trapezoidal outline, and the longitudinal section of each sub-template is a right-angled trapezoid with a smooth outer contour. The sloping design creates a continuous variable cross-section transition after the templates are spliced, avoiding steps on the concrete forming surface.

[0049] Anti-slip layers are added to the ends of the templates, using rubber or polyurethane. This prevents slippage between modules during horizontal assembly and ensures the overall rigidity of the multi-template combination.

[0050] In summary, this utility model, through the synergistic innovation of layered modular design, tie rod quick-installation system, interlayer positioning, and end extension structure, achieves several advantages. In terms of reusability, only the middle layer sub-formwork 3 needs to be replaced to adapt to different cross-sectional sizes (e.g., 500mm → 400mm), and a single set of formwork can be reused ≥20 times (compared to the prior art where it is scrapped after one use). In terms of efficiency, the cooperation between the plug-in plate 10 and the groove 4 reduces the formwork erection time to 1 / 3 of the traditional method. In terms of cost, the formwork amortization cost is reduced by 60%, and the amount of timber / steel used is reduced by 45%. In terms of quality, the right-angled trapezoidal outline + anti-slip layer ensures that the flatness error of the concrete forming is ≤2mm (far exceeding the national standard of 5mm).

[0051] For wall-column corners with varying cross-sections, generally, due to the significant difference in dimensions between the column and the wall, variations in cross-section will occur. Figure 5 In such cases, we only need to select a suitable size for the template of this invention and then assemble it sequentially around the variable cross-section of the wall column to complete the template construction, thereby completing the subsequent pouring. For the structural reinforcement of the corner template, corner template reinforcement tools can be used to prevent grout leakage during pouring.

[0052] In addition, template reinforcement tools can be used when assembling the various templates of this utility model.

[0053] It should be noted that the template of this utility model can be made of different models of products on the left and right edges according to the splicing requirements. For example Figure 5 In the middle, the left and right edges are sloped surfaces. Figure 4 In general, a straight surface is sufficient. The core purpose is to ensure that the template fits snugly from side to side after splicing, preventing grout leakage during pouring.

[0054] This utility model divides the template into three sub-templates from top to bottom. The three sub-templates are spliced ​​together, and the two ends of the extended sub-templates are detachably connected to other sub-templates. At the same time, tie rods are detachably embedded in the middle sub-template, so that the template can be reused as needed, saving a lot of template production time and avoiding template waste.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not constitute any limitation on the present utility model. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A variable cross-section formwork for walls and columns in high-rise residential buildings, characterized in that, The system includes an upper sub-formwork (1), a middle sub-formwork (3), and a lower sub-formwork (8) that are detachably connected from top to bottom. The middle sub-formwork (3) has a longitudinal groove (4) on the side facing the pouring area. The groove (4) faces the pouring area. The lower end of the groove (4) is located inside the middle sub-formwork (3). The upper end of the groove (4) is connected to the outside. The lower end of the groove (4) is used to embed the tie rod. The lower end of the upper sub-formwork (1) is provided with a longitudinal insertion plate (10). The insertion plate (10) is used to insert into the groove (4). The lower end of the insertion plate (10) can fit the tie rod.

2. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 1, characterized in that, A placement groove (5) is provided at the bottom of the groove (4) at the lower end of the groove, and the opening of the placement groove (5) is the same as the opening of the groove (4).

3. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 2, characterized in that, A rubber strip (9) is provided on the groove wall at the lower end of the groove (4), and a rubber strip (9) is also provided on the bottom of the plug plate (10). The two rubber strips (9) are positioned opposite each other.

4. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are multiple grooves (4), and the multiple grooves (4) are evenly distributed along the horizontal direction on one side of the middle sub-formwork (3) facing the pouring area.

5. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the upper sub-template (1) is provided with a protrusion (11), and the top of the middle sub-template (3) is provided with a recess (2), and the protrusion (11) and the recess (2) are matched.

6. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 5, characterized in that, There are multiple protrusions (11), and the number of depressions (2) is equal to the number of protrusions (11) and their positions correspond one-to-one.

7. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle layer sub-template (3) is provided with a slide bar (6) in the bottom extension direction, and the lower layer sub-template (8) is provided with a slide groove (7) in the top extension direction. The slide bar (6) matches the slide groove (7), and the left and right ends of the slide groove (7) are respectively connected to the outside.

8. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper sub-template (1), the middle sub-template (3), and the lower sub-template (8) are each provided with detachable connectors at their left and right ends.

9. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 8, characterized in that, The longitudinal sections of the upper sub-template (1), the middle sub-template (3) and the lower sub-template (8) are all right-angled trapezoids, and the outer contours of the upper sub-template (1), the middle sub-template (3) and the lower sub-template (8) are smooth.

10. A variable cross-section formwork for high-rise residential building walls and columns according to claim 9, characterized in that, The upper sub-template (1), the middle sub-template (3), and the lower sub-template (8) are also provided with anti-slip layers at their left and right ends.

Images