A base ring and a stereotactic apparatus including the base ring.

Abstract

This utility model discloses a base ring and a stereotactic apparatus including the base ring. The base ring has one adaptive column and three rigid contact columns. The base ring is a component of the stereotactic apparatus and is used in framed stereotactic surgery. Based on the improved supine installation technique, it reduces the invasive problems caused by changing the "four-point" base ring fixation to a "three-point" fixation, further lowering the technical threshold of framed stereotactic surgery, especially opening the door for grassroots clinicians and benefiting a wider range of people in rural areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of stereotactic neurosurgery, and in particular to a base ring and a stereotactic apparatus containing the base ring. Background Technology

[0002] Cerebral hemorrhage is one of the major diseases threatening the lives and health of Chinese residents, and how to treat it safely and effectively remains a global challenge. Precise puncture and aspiration based on stereotactic technology, compared with traditional craniotomy or endoscopic surgery, can significantly reduce iatrogenic damage, more effectively protect residual neurological function, and has a high hematoma clearance rate, fewer complications, and faster postoperative recovery. Because it is minimally invasive and inexpensive, it is more readily accepted by patients and their families.

[0003] Compared with frameless stereotactic technologies (neuronavigation, robotics), framed stereotactic systems are not only more accurate and reliable, but also have lower technical barriers and cheaper equipment, making them more popular in grassroots hospitals.

[0004] The "four-point" base ring is a commonly used fixation method in current surgeries. However, when performing unilateral suboccipital posterior cranial surgery and requiring the removal of one posterior column, changing the "four-point" to a "three-point" approach increases the risk of postoperative infection due to the close proximity of the head screw wound to the incision. Furthermore, if the "three-point" base ring is installed non-invasively, patient non-cooperation, the weight of the head, and limited operating space often result in the patient's head being pushed towards the corner of the empty base ring on the posterior column, making centered installation a difficult task for most surgeons. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention discloses a base ring and a stereotactic apparatus containing the base ring, wherein all the adaptive posts of the base ring can be fixed to the skull in a non-invasive manner. This reduces the problem of the wound being too close to the incision caused by the "four-point" head screw, which increases the risk of postoperative infection, while the base ring has good stability.

[0006] This utility model provides the following technical solution: a base ring, wherein the base ring is connected to a head via four pillars, one of which is an adaptive pillar, the adaptive pillar comprising:

[0007] (1) Top of the ball;

[0008] (2) A flexible support body that is in contact with the head; the flexible support body has a receiving space for accommodating the dome so that the dome can rotate within the receiving space;

[0009] (3) A screw fixedly connected to the dome, wherein the screw is threadedly connected to the base ring.

[0010] The support includes a flexible bowl and a connecting ring, which are threaded together to form the accommodating space; the inner diameter of the connecting ring is smaller than the diameter of the dome.

[0011] The flexible support body is connected to the curved top surface of the head.

[0012] This invention also provides a stereotactic instrument, including the aforementioned base ring.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: based on the improved supine installation technology, the use of adaptive columns reduces the invasive problems caused by changing the "four-point" base ring fixation to the "three-point" type. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the various components of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible bowl holder.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting ring.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dome.

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a screw. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The adaptive nature described in this application refers to: the flexible support body 1 and the head flexible adaptive fit, the support screw adaptively adjusting the support angle through the dome, and the screw adaptively adjusting its support height through the thread on it.

[0021] The stereo positioning device described in this invention is a device used to accurately measure and control the position of objects in three-dimensional space, and is widely used in neuroscience, medical surgery, industrial manufacturing, and scientific research. Its main structure includes a base ring, a moving arm / frame, a positioning probe, a scale / reading device, a locking mechanism, and auxiliary accessories.

[0022] The four-point method is a widely used fixing technique in stereo positioning instruments and other precision equipment, especially suitable for applications requiring high precision and stability. Compared to traditional three-point fixing or other fixing methods, the four-point method distributes force evenly on the target object through four contact points, reducing local stress concentration and thus improving overall stability, ensuring accurate positioning over long periods.

[0023] This invention provides an improved four-point base ring fixation method, aiming to solve the problems of traditional four-point base ring fixation methods, particularly reducing the trauma during surgery. In stereotactic neurosurgery, the base ring (also known as a head frame or positioning frame) is a key tool for accurately determining the location of targets within the brain. While the traditional four-point fixation method can provide stable positioning support, its installation process may require penetration of the skin or even the skull, causing unnecessary pain and risks to the patient.

[0024] Unlike the existing "four-point" base ring, this invention reduces the number of wounds caused during base ring fixation through improved design, thus lowering the degree of invasiveness to patients. This is particularly important for primary healthcare institutions with relatively scarce medical resources and limited technical capabilities, as it means more doctors can perform this type of surgery, thereby allowing a wider range of patients to benefit from advanced treatment methods.

[0025] The design connects to the patient's head via four pillars, one of which is a specially designed adaptive pillar with the following key features:

[0026] Flexible support 1:

[0027] Dome 2: A spherical component located inside the flexible support, allowing for free rotation within a certain range. This enables the adaptive column to better adapt to the different head shapes of patients.

[0028] Screw 3: Fixedly connected to the dome and threaded to the base ring. By adjusting the position of the screw, the height or pressure of the self-adaptive column can be adjusted to achieve the best fixing effect.

[0029] Matching the flexible support to the curvature of the head: The entire flexible support is designed to closely conform to the curve of the patient's skull, which increases both comfort and positioning accuracy.

[0030] The main advantage of this design is that it improves patient comfort while enhancing the stability and adaptability of the base ring system, especially when dealing with structural differences between individuals. The embodiments of this invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection" and "installation" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed" means that the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after the connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this utility model, such as "inner," "outer," "top," and "bottom," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this utility model.

[0032] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0033] The base ring provided by this utility model is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the base ring is connected to the head via four posts, one of which is an adaptive post, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a flexible support 1 that is in contact with the head, a dome 2, and a screw for connecting with the base ring and adjusting the contact state between the base ring and the head.

[0034] The dome 2 described in this application is a spherical body located within a flexible support body. When it is subjected to the force of a screw, it is in contact with the flexible support body.

[0035] The flexible support 1 has a receiving space for accommodating the dome, allowing the dome to rotate within the receiving space; and the receiving space has an opening that serves as a clearance space for the screw, allowing the screw to pass through the opening and connect to the dome located in the receiving space, or serves as a clearance space for the dome, such that a portion of the dome is located outside the receiving space, allowing the screw to connect to that portion of the dome.

[0036] The accommodating space is generally a spherical cavity with a radius slightly larger than the radius of the dome, ensuring precise positioning while allowing the dome to rotate. The flexible support 1 is a flexible support component that adapts to the curvature of the head, increasing both comfort and positioning accuracy. This flexible support 1 can be made of existing materials such as silicone and polyurethane through 3D printing, model injection molding, etc., to obtain an integrated support structure.

[0037] Figure 2A split structure of the flexible support 1 is presented, which, compared to a one-piece structure, offers replaceability and ease of assembly and disassembly. Specifically, the flexible support 1 includes a flexible bowl holder 1-1 and a connecting ring 1-2. The flexible bowl holder 1-1 and the connecting ring are threaded together. The flexible bowl holder has a hemispherical recess 1-11, and its bottom 1-13 is a curved surface that conforms to the head. The thread 1-12 is located below the hemispherical recess 1-11. The connecting ring 1-2 has a hemispherical recess 1-21 corresponding to the hemispherical recess 1-11. The hemispherical recesses 1-11 and 1-21 combine to form a receiving space for accommodating the spherical dome, and the hollow area of ​​the connecting ring 1-2 serves as an opening for the receiving space, allowing the screw to connect to the spherical dome.

[0038] In use, the operator first places the flexible bowl support 1-1 on a flat surface, then places the spherical dome 2 into the spherical recess 1-11 of the flexible bowl support 1-1, connecting the threaded side 2-1 of the spherical dome to the screw rod with the screw rod facing upwards. The connecting ring is then passed through the screw rod and fitted onto the thread 1-12 of the flexible bowl support 1-1, and then tightened to ensure a stable connection between the bottom of the connecting ring and the flexible bowl support 1-1, fixing the spherical dome between the connecting ring 1-2 and the flexible bowl support 1-1. The connecting ring fixes the spherical dome within the accommodating space formed by the flexible bowl support 1-1 and the connecting ring. The spherical portion 2-2 of the spherical dome can rotate freely within the accommodating space. The inner ring diameter 1-22 of the connecting ring is smaller than the diameter of the spherical dome, thus confining the spherical dome within the accommodating space. This yields the adaptive column described in this invention.

[0039] In addition, this utility model also provides a stereotactic instrument, which is firmly and accurately fixed to the skull by the aforementioned base ring.

[0040] When using it, first place two posts on the side of the base ring aligned with the back of the head. The post on the right rear is the adaptive post, and the other post is the head nail. The adaptive post is the post to be removed. The shallow concave disc at the bottom of the bowl support faces the skull and fits against the skull.

[0041] The base ring is then fitted onto the skull, pressing it against the head pins and adaptive posts. Under gravity, the adaptive posts fit snugly against the scalp, supporting the skull. The depth of the posts can be controlled by the threads on the screws. Once the skull is stably supported by the two rear posts and does not wobble or rotate, the head pins on the forehead are secured. First, tighten the two head pins adjacent to the adaptive posts, then fix the skull diagonally. After reaching the desired torque, tighten the head pins on the opposite side of the adaptive posts.

[0042] Finally, the adaptive post was removed. Specifically, the threaded screw was first rotated to move the adaptive post away from the scalp, then the screw was separated from the dome, and the adaptive post was successfully removed. At this point, the entire stereotactic base ring installation and fixation process was successfully completed, fully preparing the patient for subsequent surgery or other medical procedures.

[0043] Alternatively, the left rear pillar can be designated as an adaptive pillar, and the other pillar as a head nail. The adaptive pillar is the pillar to be removed, with the shallow concave disc at the bottom of the bowl support facing the skull and fitting snugly against it.

[0044] The base ring is then fitted onto the skull, pressing it against the head pins and adaptive posts. Under gravity, the adaptive posts fit snugly against the scalp, supporting the skull. The depth of the posts can be controlled by the threads on the screws. Once the skull is stably supported by the two rear posts and does not wobble or rotate, the head pins on the forehead are secured. First, tighten the two head pins adjacent to the adaptive posts, then fix the skull diagonally. After reaching the desired torque, tighten the head pins on the opposite side of the adaptive posts.

[0045] Finally, the adaptive post was removed. Specifically, the threaded screw was first rotated to move the adaptive post away from the scalp, then the screw was separated from the dome, and the adaptive post was successfully removed. At this point, the entire stereotactic base ring installation and fixation process was successfully completed, fully preparing the patient for subsequent surgery or other medical procedures.

[0046] Furthermore, the adaptive column can also be applied to the forehead, specifically the left and right anterior columns, to facilitate surgical procedures on the patient's forehead.

[0047] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A base ring connected to a head by four posts, characterized in that, One of the columns is an adaptive column, which includes: Top of the ball (2); A flexible support (1) that is in contact with the top of the head; the flexible support (1) has a receiving space for accommodating the dome so that the dome can rotate within the receiving space; A screw (3) is fixedly connected to the dome (2), and the screw (3) is threadedly connected to the base ring.

2. The base ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support (1) includes a flexible bowl support and a connecting ring, which are threaded together to form the accommodating space; the inner diameter of the connecting ring is smaller than the diameter of the dome.

3. The base ring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible support (1) is in contact with the curved top surface of the head.

4. A stereotactic instrument, characterized in that, Includes the base ring as described in claim 1.

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