A modular quick-change fixture for machining aircraft gearboxes

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of aerospace parts processing technology, specifically to a quick-positioning modular quick-change fixture for processing aerospace gearboxes. It includes a part-picking module and a turntable, as well as a bridge plate and a fixture body. The bridge plate and fixture body are fixedly connected to a transverse quick-clamping module. The bridge plate is fixedly connected to the turntable. The part-picking module is fixedly connected to the fixture body via a longitudinal quick-clamping module. The fixture body includes a mounting base, a clamping device fixed to the mounting base, and a clamp. The transverse quick-clamping module includes a zero-point positioning clamping cylinder fixed to the bridge plate and a snap-fit ​​plate fixed to the mounting base; the zero-point positioning clamping cylinder and the snap-fit ​​plate are engaged. The longitudinal quick-clamping module includes a zero-point quick-clamping cylinder and an insertion plate; the zero-point quick-clamping cylinder and the insertion plate are engaged. The modular design of the overall structure modularizes each replacement process, clearly defining the division of labor among each process, greatly simplifying the fixture structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aerospace parts processing technology, specifically to a quick-positioning modular quick-change fixture for processing aerospace gearboxes. Background Technology

[0002] The aerospace manufacturing industry has entered the era of intelligent manufacturing, with demand for components such as bearings entering a phase of mass production and intelligentization. The massive market demand for these components has spurred the rapid development of intelligent production lines. As a protective component of gear assemblies, the gearbox plays a crucial role in supporting and fixing the gear transmission mechanism, ensuring the operational accuracy, lubrication, and sealing reliability of gears and shaft assemblies. During the machining of aerospace gearboxes, fixtures are required for assisted positioning before precise machining. Currently, changing the gearbox angle requires loosening and re-tightening the locking nut, a cumbersome process. Therefore, the development of a gearbox machining fixture is urgently needed to further improve its rapid changeover and precise positioning performance, thereby shortening changeover time and increasing machining efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a modularly designed fixture for machining aerospace gearboxes. A robot rapidly picks up the entire fixture using a precise clamping method and transports it to a machine tool. Through precise positioning, the fixture quickly docks with the machine tool, significantly reducing changeover time.

[0004] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a quick-positioning modular quick-change fixture for processing aircraft gearboxes, including a part-picking module and a turntable, as well as a bridge plate and a fixture body. The bridge plate and fixture body are fixedly connected to a transverse quick-clamping module. The bridge plate is fixedly connected to the turntable. The part-picking module is fixedly connected to the fixture body via a longitudinal quick-clamping module. The fixture body includes a mounting base, a clamping device fixed on the mounting base, and a clamp. The transverse quick-clamping module includes a zero-point positioning clamping cylinder fixed on the bridge plate and a snap-fit ​​plate fixed on the mounting base. The zero-point positioning clamping cylinder and the snap-fit ​​plate are snapped together. The longitudinal quick-clamping module includes a zero-point quick-clamping cylinder and an insertion plate. The zero-point quick-clamping cylinder and the insertion plate are snapped together. After the part-picking module is fixed to the fixture body via the longitudinal quick-clamping module, it is transported to the bridge plate. The fixture body is fixedly connected to the bridge plate via the snap-fit ​​with the transverse quick-clamping module.

[0005] Further improvements to the above solution: The clamping device includes an oil column, an oil cylinder, and an auxiliary pressure plate. Its piston rod is vertically upward, and the auxiliary pressure plate is fixed on the piston rod. The oil cylinder is connected to the hydraulic station through an oil circuit in the oil column. The oil cylinder drives the piston rod to extend and retract up and down, causing the auxiliary pressure plate to swing up and down to clamp or release the workpiece to be processed.

[0006] Further improvements to the above solution: The fixture includes a mandrel hydraulic base, a positioning plate, a positioning seat fixed to the outside of the positioning plate, and an expansion sleeve disposed on the outside of the positioning plate. The mandrel hydraulic base is fixedly connected to the positioning plate. The mandrel hydraulic base includes a hydraulic seat, a mandrel, and a drive structure for controlling the up-and-down movement of the mandrel. The drive structure consists of two interconnected channels running through the circumference of the hydraulic seat. The upper and lower channels are respectively provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole. The mandrel is disposed at the upper part of the channel, with its upper end extending beyond the hydraulic seat. Oil enters through the lower through hole, causing the mandrel to move upward; oil enters through the upper through hole, causing the mandrel to move downward. This realizes the connection and release operation with the mandrel connection structure and controls the up-and-down movement operation of the connection structure. The connection structure is located inside the positioning plate.

[0007] Further improvement to the above solution: The connecting structure includes a connecting key, a central disk, and a pull pin shaft arranged in sequence. The connecting key is fixedly connected to the mandrel, the connecting key is fixedly connected to the central disk, the central disk is fixedly connected to the pull pin shaft, and the bottom of the end face of the pull pin shaft is engaged with the expansion sleeve. The mandrel pulls the connecting structure, and the connecting structure moves downward along the upper part of the positioning disk with the expansion sleeve. Due to the expansion of the inner diameter of the expansion sleeve, the aviation gearbox to be processed is clamped on the positioning seat.

[0008] Further improvement to the above solution: The picking module is a robot, the picking end of the robot is fixed with a connecting plate, and the zero-point quick clamping cylinder is fixed on the connecting plate.

[0009] A further improvement to the above solution: The turntable includes a driver, a left L-shaped connecting plate fixed inside the driver, a tailstock, a base, and a right L-shaped connecting plate fixed inside the tailstock. The bridge plate is fixedly connected to the left and right L-shaped connecting plates on both sides, respectively. The driver drives the bridge plate to rotate 180° around the center of the drive shaft, thereby causing the fixture body fixedly connected to the bridge plate to move synchronously. This 180° rotation meets the needs of multi-angle machining and improves machining efficiency.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0011] 1. The overall structure features a modular design, reasonable layout, and simple structure. Each replacement process is modularized, and the division of labor among each process is clear, which greatly simplifies the fixture structure.

[0012] 2. The longitudinal rapid clamping module enables the gripping of the fixture body and its rapid fixation. The robot transports the pre-fixed fixture body, which shortens the time for manual handling, reduces labor costs, and ensures the safety of operators, achieving two goals at once.

[0013] 3. The longitudinal quick clamping module enables rapid and accurate positioning of the fixture body and the bridge plate, further shortening the changeover time and improving processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 Structural diagram of this utility model

[0015] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of this utility model

[0016] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the present invention with a lateral quick-clamping module.

[0017] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the present invention with a longitudinal quick-clamping module.

[0018] Figure 5 Structural view of the clamp of this utility model

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Picking module; 2. Turntable; 21. Driver; 22. Left L-shaped connecting plate; 23. Tailstock; 24. Base; 25. Right L-shaped connecting plate; 3. Bridge plate; 4. Fixture body; 41. Mounting base; 42. Clamping device; 42. Oil column; 422. Oil cylinder; 423. Auxiliary pressure plate; 424. Piston rod; 43. Fixture; 431. Mandrel hydraulic base; 432. Positioning plate; 433. Positioning seat; 434. Expansion sleeve; 5. Lateral quick clamping module; 5. Zero point positioning clamping cylinder; 51. Snap-fit ​​plate; 52. Longitudinal quick clamping module; 6. Zero point quick clamping cylinder; 61. Insert plate; 62. Connecting plate; 7. Hydraulic seat; 8. Mandrel; 9. Upper channel; 10. Lower channel; 11. Connecting structure; 12. Connecting key; 121. Center plate; 122. Pull pin shaft; 123. Aircraft gearbox to be processed; 13. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following will describe in detail the implementation of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the implementation process of how this application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0021] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this utility model.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; they can refer to the internal connection of two components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model provides a modularly designed jig for machining aerospace gearboxes, including a part-picking module 1 and a turntable 2, as well as a bridge plate 3 and a jig body 4. The bridge plate 3 and the jig body 4 are fixedly connected by a transverse quick-clamping module 5. The bridge plate 3 is fixedly connected to the turntable 1, and the part-picking module 1 is fixedly connected to the jig body 4 by a longitudinal quick-clamping module 6.

[0024] The picking module 1 is a robot, and the picking end of the robot is fixed with a connecting plate 7. The turntable 2 includes a driver 21, a left L-shaped connecting plate 22 fixed inside the driver 21, a tailstock 23, a base 24, and a right L-shaped connecting plate 25 fixed inside the tailstock 23. The two sides of the bridge plate 5 are fixedly connected to the left L-shaped connecting plate 22 and the right L-shaped connecting plate 25, respectively. The driver 21 drives the bridge plate 5 to rotate 180° around the center of the drive shaft, thereby driving the clamp body 4 fixedly connected to the bridge plate 5 to move synchronously.

[0025] The clamp body 4 includes a mounting base 41, a clamping device 42 fixed on the mounting base 41, and a clamp 43. The transverse quick clamping module 5 includes a zero-point positioning clamping cylinder 51 fixed on the bridge plate 3 and a snap-fit ​​plate 52 fixed on the mounting base 41. The zero-point positioning clamping cylinder and the snap-fit ​​plate 52 are snapped together. The longitudinal quick clamping module 6 includes a zero-point quick clamping cylinder 61 and a snap-fit ​​plate 62. The zero-point quick clamping cylinder 61 is fixed on the connecting plate 7. After the part removal module 1 is fixed to the clamp body 4 through the longitudinal quick clamping module 6, it is transported to the bridge plate 3. The clamp body 4 is fixedly connected to the bridge plate 3 through snap-fit ​​with the transverse quick clamping module 5.

[0026] The clamping device 42 includes an oil column 421, an oil cylinder 422, and an auxiliary pressure plate 423. Its piston rod 424 is vertically upward, and the auxiliary pressure plate 423 is fixed on the piston rod 424. The oil cylinder 422 is connected to the hydraulic station through the oil passage in the oil column 421. The oil cylinder 422 drives the piston rod 424 to extend and retract up and down, and drives the auxiliary pressure plate 423 to swing up and down to clamp or release the workpiece to be processed.

[0027] The clamp 43 includes a mandrel hydraulic base 431, a positioning plate 432, a positioning seat 433 fixed to the outside of the positioning plate 432, and an expansion sleeve 434 disposed on the outside of the positioning plate 432. The mandrel hydraulic base 431 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 432. The mandrel hydraulic base 431 includes a hydraulic seat 8, a mandrel 9, and a drive structure for controlling the up and down movement of the mandrel 9. The drive structure is a two-layer channel that runs through the circumference of the hydraulic seat and is vertically connected. The upper and lower channels are respectively provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole. The mandrel 9 is disposed in the upper part of the channel. The upper end of the mandrel 9 extends out of the hydraulic seat 8. When oil enters through the lower through hole 11, the mandrel 9 moves upward. When oil enters through the upper through hole 10, the mandrel 9 moves downward. This realizes the connection and release operation with the mandrel 9 connecting structure 12, and controls the up and down movement operation of the connecting structure 10. The connecting structure 12 is located inside the positioning plate 432.

[0028] The connecting structure 12 includes a connecting key 121, a central disk 122, and a pull pin shaft 123 arranged sequentially. The connecting key 121 is fixedly connected to the mandrel 9, the connecting key 101 is fixedly connected to the central disk 102, the central disk 102 is fixedly connected to the pull pin shaft 103, and the bottom of the end face of the pull pin shaft 103 is engaged with the expansion sleeve 434. The mandrel 9 pulls the connecting structure 10, and the connecting structure 10 moves and slides downward along the upper part of the positioning disk 432 with the expansion sleeve 434. Due to the expansion of the inner diameter of the expansion sleeve 434, the aircraft gearbox 13 to be processed is clamped on the positioning seat 433.

[0029] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: The operator moves the aircraft gearbox to be processed onto the positioning seat of the fixture, introduces oil through the upper through hole, and pulls the connecting structure as the mandrel moves downward. The pull stud in the connecting structure moves downward, causing the expansion sleeve to move downward along the positioning plate. The inner diameter of the expansion sleeve continuously expands, thereby tightening the inner diameter of the aircraft gearbox to be processed, achieving the purpose of clamping the aircraft gearbox. Then, the clamping device is activated, causing its auxiliary pressure plate to press against the top of the aircraft gearbox to be processed, thereby further fixing the aircraft gearbox to be processed. After the aircraft gearbox to be processed is fixed, the robot is fixed to the mounting base through the longitudinal quick clamping module, and the overall structure on the upper part is moved to the bridge plate. The transverse quick clamping module achieves quick docking with the bridge plate. The rotation of the driver drives the rotation of the bridge plate, which in turn drives the fixture body fixedly connected to the bridge plate to move synchronously.

[0030] To enable machining operations on aircraft gearboxes to be machined.

[0031] The foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, as previously stated, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the inventive concept described herein through the foregoing teachings or techniques or knowledge in related fields. Any modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A quick-positioning modular quick-change fixture for machining aircraft gearboxes, comprising a part-picking module and a turntable, characterized in that: It also includes a bridge plate and a clamp body. The bridge plate and clamp body are fixedly connected to a transverse quick clamping module. The bridge plate is fixedly connected to a turntable. The part-retrieving module is fixedly connected to the clamp body via a longitudinal quick clamping module. The clamp body includes a mounting base, a clamping device fixed on the mounting base, and a clamp. The transverse quick clamping module includes a zero-point positioning clamping cylinder fixed on the bridge plate and a snap-fit ​​plate fixed on the mounting base. The zero-point positioning clamping cylinder and the snap-fit ​​plate snap-fit ​​together. The longitudinal quick clamping module includes a zero-point quick clamping cylinder and an insertion plate. The zero-point quick clamping cylinder and the insertion plate snap-fit ​​together. After the part-retrieving module is fixed to the clamp body via the longitudinal quick clamping module, it is transported onto the bridge plate. The clamp body is fixedly connected to the bridge plate via snap-fit ​​with the transverse quick clamping module.

2. A quick positioning modular quick change fixture for machining of aero gear box as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The clamping device includes an oil column, an oil cylinder, and an auxiliary pressure plate. Its piston rod is vertically upward, and the auxiliary pressure plate is fixed on the piston rod. The oil cylinder is connected to a hydraulic station through an oil circuit in the oil column. The oil cylinder drives the piston rod to extend and retract up and down, which in turn drives the auxiliary pressure plate to swing up and down to clamp or release the workpiece to be processed.

3. A quick positioning modular quick change fixture for machining of aero gear box as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The fixture includes a mandrel hydraulic base, a positioning plate, a positioning seat fixed to the outside of the positioning plate, and an expansion sleeve disposed on the outside of the positioning plate. The mandrel hydraulic base is fixedly connected to the positioning plate. The mandrel hydraulic base includes a hydraulic seat, a mandrel, and a drive structure for controlling the up-and-down movement of the mandrel. The drive structure consists of two interconnected channels running through the circumference of the hydraulic seat. The upper and lower channels are respectively provided with an upper through hole and a lower through hole. The mandrel is disposed at the upper part of the channel, with its upper end extending beyond the hydraulic seat. Oil enters through the lower through hole, causing the mandrel to move upward; oil enters through the upper through hole, causing the mandrel to move downward. This realizes the connection and release operation with the mandrel connection structure and controls the up-and-down movement operation of the connection structure. The connection structure is located inside the positioning plate.

4. A quick positioning modular quick change fixture for machining of aero gear box as claimed in claim 3 wherein: The connecting structure includes a connecting key, a central disk, and a pull pin shaft arranged in sequence. The connecting key is fixedly connected to the mandrel, the connecting key is fixedly connected to the central disk, the central disk is fixedly connected to the pull pin shaft, and the bottom of the end face of the pull pin shaft is engaged with the expansion sleeve. The mandrel pulls the connecting structure, and the connecting structure, along with the expansion sleeve, moves downward along the upper part of the positioning disk. Due to the expansion of the inner diameter of the expansion sleeve, the aerospace gearbox to be processed is clamped on the positioning seat.

5. A quick positioning modular quick change fixture for machining of aero gear box as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The part-picking module is a robot, and a connecting plate is fixed to the part-picking end of the robot. The zero-point quick clamping cylinder is fixed to the connecting plate.

6. A quick-positioning modular quick-change fixture for machining aircraft gearboxes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turntable includes a driver, a left L-shaped connecting plate fixed inside the driver, a tailstock, a base, and a right L-shaped connecting plate fixed inside the tailstock. The two sides of the bridge plate are fixedly connected to the left L-shaped connecting plate and the right L-shaped connecting plate, respectively. The driver drives the bridge plate to rotate 180° around the center of the drive shaft, thereby driving the clamp body fixedly connected to the bridge plate to move synchronously.

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