A TBM roller cutter with variable spacing for intrusive rock breaking loading device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusion rock breaking loading device, including: a force transmission beam, multiple T-shaped connecting rods, a scale, and a limiting block. The top surface of the force transmission beam is connected to the upper loading end of the rock mechanics testing machine, and a T-shaped slide is opened on the bottom surface, which is arranged through the axial direction of the force transmission beam. One end of each T-shaped connecting rod slides in the T-shaped slide, and the other end is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped cutter. A scale is provided on the force transmission beam, and the limiting block is locked in the T-shaped slide. The arc-shaped cutter can not only adjust the spacing by sliding along the T-shaped slide, but also slide out and slide in from one end of the T-shaped slide, realizing the rapid removal, rapid replacement, and rapid installation of the cutter. This greatly reduces the time for repositioning and calibration when replacing the cutter, and the cutter spacing can be continuously adjusted to achieve reliable and stable intrusion rock breaking with multiple cutters of variable spacing, truly simulating the actual situation of TBM roller cutter intrusion rock breaking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rock breaking technology for full-face tunnel boring machines (TBMs), specifically a TBM cutter variable spacing intrusion rock breaking loading device. Background Technology

[0002] Full-face tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are core equipment for long-distance, large-section tunnel construction. TBM cutterheads, as key cutting tools that directly contact the rock mass and undertake rock-breaking tasks, directly determine the TBM's tunneling efficiency, construction costs, and the overall project schedule through their performance (such as rock-breaking efficiency, wear resistance, and impact resistance). In-depth research into the rock-breaking mechanism of TBM cutterheads and optimization of cutterhead tunneling parameters are of paramount importance for improving TBM construction technology and reducing project risks.

[0003] To scientifically evaluate the performance of novel roller cutter designs and delve into their rock-breaking mechanisms under different rock strata conditions (such as crack propagation patterns, specific energy consumption, and load characteristics), numerous repeatable comparative tests must be conducted on a test platform closely resembling real-world working conditions. However, existing test devices mostly use bolts to fix the rollers in a fixed position, with a fixed spacing between multiple rollers. Replacing a roller typically requires disassembling a large number of bolts, repositioning, and recalibrating—complex steps that result in lengthy replacement times, significantly reducing effective test time and making it difficult to meet the need for multiple rounds of multivariate comparative tests within a short period. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a TBM cutter variable spacing intrusion rock-breaking loading device that can more quickly replace cutters of different specifications and adjust the cutter spacing more quickly and accurately, thereby improving the efficiency of the test and meeting the needs of conducting multiple rounds of multivariate comparative tests in a short period of time.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is:

[0006] A TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusion rock-breaking loading device includes: a force transmission beam, the top surface of which is connected to the upper loading end of a rock mechanics testing machine, and a T-shaped slide rail on the bottom surface, the T-shaped slide rail being axially connected to the force transmission beam, the T-shaped slide rail including a wide groove at the top and a narrow groove communicating with the wide groove; multiple T-shaped connecting rods, each T-shaped connecting rod having a horizontal part and a vertical part, one end of the vertical part being vertically connected to the horizontal part, and the other end being fixedly connected to an arc-shaped roller cutter, the horizontal part sliding in the wide groove at the top of the T-shaped slide rail; a scale, set on the side of the force transmission beam, the scale line of the scale being zero at the middle position of the T-shaped slide rail and extending to both sides along the axial direction of the force transmission beam; multiple limiting blocks, all of which can be locked in the T-shaped slide rail, and each T-shaped connecting rod has a limiting block at both ends, the two limiting blocks respectively abutting against the two sides of the horizontal part of the T-shaped connecting rod to fix the position of the T-shaped connecting rod on the T-shaped slide rail.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the force transmission beam is provided with a stud for connecting to the screw hole on the upper loading end of the rock mechanics testing machine.

[0008] Furthermore, each surface of the horizontal section is a smooth, flat surface, and the width and thickness of the horizontal section are matched with the width and height of the wide groove, respectively, so that the horizontal section can slide stably in the T-shaped slide.

[0009] Furthermore, the limiting block is a U-shaped clamping plate structure, having a connecting plate and two vertical clamping plates. One end of the two vertical clamping plates is connected to both sides of the connecting plate, and the two vertical clamping plates are symmetrically arranged. The limiting block is nested on one side of the narrow groove of the T-shaped slide, and both ends of the limiting block are respectively close to the horizontal part of two adjacent T-shaped connecting rods. The side of the narrow groove is located between the two vertical clamping plates, and the two vertical clamping plates are used to clamp the side of the narrow groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the arc-shaped hob is machined according to the dimensions of the TBM disc hob. Specifically, the arc-shaped hob is the arc-shaped portion cut from the TBM disc hob.

[0011] Furthermore, the arc-shaped hob and the T-shaped connecting rod are integrally manufactured.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0013] The force transmission beam of this invention employs a T-shaped slide rail nested within a T-shaped connecting rod connected to an arc-shaped cutter. The T-shaped slide rail is a continuous channel, allowing the T-shaped connecting rod on the arc-shaped cutter to not only slide along the T-shaped slide rail but also slide in and out from one end, enabling rapid removal, replacement, and installation of the cutter. This facilitates subsequent testing of rock-breaking mechanisms under different cutter excavation parameters. Furthermore, after replacement, the cutter slides within the T-shaped slide rail, and the spacing between the arc-shaped cutters can be quickly and accurately adjusted using a scale on the force transmission beam to control the rock-breaking range and fracture propagation depth. The adjusted arc-shaped cutters are fixed in position using limiting blocks, significantly reducing the time required for repositioning and calibration during cutter replacement. The cutter spacing can be continuously adjusted, enabling reliable and stable rock-breaking with varying spacing among multiple cutters, realistically simulating the actual rock-breaking conditions of a TBM cutter. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a front view of the structural schematic diagram of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structural schematic diagram of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the structural schematic diagram of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model applied on a test bench.

[0019] Among them, 1. stud, 2. force transmission beam, 3. T-shaped slide, 4. arc-shaped hob, 5. T-shaped connecting rod, 6. scale, 7. limit block, 8. test bench. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 5 The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0021] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0022] Example

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusion rock-breaking loading device includes: a force transmission beam 2, multiple T-shaped connecting rods 5, a scale 6, and a limiting block 7. The top surface of the force transmission beam 2 is connected to the upper loading end of the rock mechanics testing machine, and a T-shaped slide 3 is opened on the bottom surface. The T-shaped slide 3 is arranged through the axial direction of the force transmission beam 2. The T-shaped slide 3 includes a wide groove at the top and a narrow groove communicating with the wide groove. Each T-shaped connecting rod 5 has a horizontal part and a vertical part. One end of the vertical part is vertically connected to the horizontal part, and the other end is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped roller cutter 4. The horizontal part slides on the top of the T-shaped slide 3. The scale 6 is set on the side of the force transmission beam 2. The scale line of the scale 6 extends to both sides along the axis of the force transmission beam 2 with the middle position of the T-shaped slide 3 as the zero mark. Multiple limiting blocks 7 can be locked in the T-shaped slide 3. Each T-shaped connecting rod 5 has a limiting block 7 at both ends. The two limiting blocks 7 abut against the two sides of the horizontal part of the T-shaped connecting rod 5 respectively to fix the position of the T-shaped connecting rod 5 on the T-shaped slide 3. The T-shaped connecting rod 5 is clamped and fixed by the limiting blocks 7 on both sides to prevent the T-shaped connecting rod 5 and the arc-shaped hob 4 from shaking during the test.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the top of the force transmission beam 2 is provided with a stud 1, which is used to connect with the screw hole on the upper loading end of the rock mechanics testing machine.

[0025] In some embodiments, each surface of the horizontal portion is a smooth, flat surface, and the width and thickness of the horizontal portion are matched with the width and height of the wide groove, respectively. That is, the top surface, bottom surface, and left and right sides of the horizontal portion are all in contact with the wide groove of the T-shaped slide 3, so that the horizontal portion can slide stably in the T-shaped slide 3.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the limiting block 7 is a U-shaped clamping plate structure, with a connecting plate and two vertical clamping plates. One end of the two vertical clamping plates is connected to both sides of the connecting plate, and the two vertical clamping plates are symmetrically arranged. The limiting block 7 is nested on one side of the narrow groove of the T-shaped slide 3, and the two ends of the limiting block 7 are respectively close to the horizontal part of two adjacent T-shaped connecting rods 5. The side of the narrow groove is located between the two vertical clamping plates, and the two vertical clamping plates are used to clamp the side of the narrow groove.

[0027] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the arc-shaped cutter 4 is machined according to the dimensions of the TBM disc cutter. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped cutter 4 is a circular arc section cut from the TBM disc cutter, and the arc-shaped cutter 4 and the T-shaped connecting rod 5 are integrally manufactured. The contact arc plate required for the test is made with commonly used cutter dimensions and specifications, saving costs and loading the rock specimen according to actual conditions to simulate the real process of rolling intrusion and rock breaking loading.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown, the force transmission beam 2 is tightly assembled to the test bench 8 via studs 1, allowing for rapid replacement of different hobbing cutter specifications without disassembly. These different hobbing cutter specifications include, for example, hobbing cutters with different cutter ring shapes, materials, cutting angles, and cutter widths. This not only reduces manufacturing costs but also saves testing time, facilitating the study of hobbing cutter intrusion rock-breaking characteristics and the optimization of process parameters.

[0029] The specific steps of the TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusion rock-breaking loading device in this embodiment are as follows:

[0030] The force transmission beam 2 is tightly assembled with the upper loading end of the test bench 8 via studs 1. The test bench 8 provides a frame and pressure for the force transmission beam 2, so that the force transmission beam 2 can move up and down with the upper loading end and pressure sensor of the test bench 8, and can uniformly transmit pressure to the arc-shaped roller cutter 4.

[0031] The T-shaped slide 3 running through the force transmission beam 2 allows for rapid switching of the arc-shaped cutter 4 without disassembly. The structural matching between the top wide groove of the T-shaped slide 3 and the horizontal part of the T-shaped connecting rod 5 prevents uneven force distribution and vertical misalignment of the arc-shaped cutter 4 during loading. A millimeter-scale ruler 6 on the force transmission beam 2 allows for quick and precise adjustment of the spacing between the two arc-shaped cutters 4. In this embodiment, the force transmission beam 2 is 200mm long. Using the center scale line of the force transmission beam 2 as a reference, the spacing between the two arc-shaped cutters 4 is adjusted to 80mm, meaning a single cutter spacing of 40mm is used as the center reference. The cutter spacing for other tests can be determined according to experimental requirements without exceeding the length of the force transmission beam 2.

[0032] After the T-shaped connecting rod 5 on the arc-shaped hob 4 is nested with the T-shaped slide rail 3 of the force transmission beam 2, in order to limit the distance between the two arc-shaped hobs 4 and ensure that the arc-shaped hobs 4 are fixed in position on the T-shaped slide rail 3, the limiting block 7 of the U-shaped clamping plate structure is nested on the side of the narrow groove of the T-shaped slide rail 3. It is worth noting that the U-shaped clamping plate structure can undergo plastic deformation. By pressing the two vertical clamping plates of the limiting block 7 toward each other, the two vertical clamping plates clamp the side of the narrow groove located in the middle. Through the above operation, the limiting blocks located on both sides of the T-shaped connecting rod 5 are... 7. After fixing the T-shaped slide rail 3, clamp the T-shaped connecting rod 5 in the middle position to prevent the T-shaped connecting rod 5 and the arc-shaped cutter 4 from shaking during the test. At this time, fix the arc-shaped cutter 4 after the spacing adjustment. After ensuring the stability of the arc-shaped cutter 4 during the loading process, start the cutter intrusion simulation experiment. After recording the data, release the limit block 7 and continue to adjust the spacing between the arc-shaped cutters 4 according to the above method. Complete multiple sets of tests. After the test of one specification of cutter is completed, multiple different specifications of cutters can be replaced to study the performance of different cutters and rock breaking mechanism.

[0033] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A TBM roller cutter with variable spacing for intrusive rock breaking loading, characterized in that, include: The force transmission beam (2) has its top surface connected to the upper loading end of the rock mechanics testing machine, and its bottom surface has a T-shaped slide (3). The T-shaped slide (3) is provided through the axial direction of the force transmission beam (2). The T-shaped slide (3) includes a wide groove at the top and a narrow groove connected to the wide groove. Multiple T-shaped links (5), each T-shaped link (5) has a horizontal part and a vertical part, one end of the vertical part is vertically connected to the horizontal part, and the other end is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped hob (4), and the horizontal part slides in the wide groove at the top of the T-shaped slide (3); A scale (6) is set on the side of the force transmission beam (2). The scale line of the scale (6) is zero at the middle position of the T-shaped slide (3) and extends to both sides along the axis of the force transmission beam (2). Multiple limiting blocks (7) can be locked in the T-shaped slide (3), and each of the two ends of the T-shaped connecting rod (5) is provided with a limiting block (7). The two limiting blocks (7) respectively abut against the two sides of the horizontal part of the T-shaped connecting rod (5) to fix the position of the T-shaped connecting rod (5) on the T-shaped slide (3).

2. The TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusive rock-breaking loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the force transmission beam (2) is provided with a stud (1) for connecting with the screw hole on the upper loading end of the rock mechanics testing machine.

3. The TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusion rock-breaking loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each surface of the horizontal section is a smooth, flat surface, and the width and thickness of the horizontal section are matched with the width and height of the wide groove, respectively, so that the horizontal section can slide stably in the T-shaped slide (3).

4. The TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusion rock-breaking loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting block (7) is a U-shaped clamping plate structure, with a connecting plate and two vertical clamping plates. One end of the two vertical clamping plates is connected to both sides of the connecting plate, and the two vertical clamping plates are symmetrically arranged. The limiting block (7) is nested on one side of the narrow groove of the T-shaped slide (3), and the two ends of the limiting block (7) are respectively close to the horizontal part of two adjacent T-shaped connecting rods (5). The side of the narrow groove is located between the two vertical clamping plates, and the two vertical clamping plates are used to clamp the side of the narrow groove.

5. The TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusion rock-breaking loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped hob (4) is machined according to the dimensions of the TBM disc hob.

6. The TBM roller cutter variable spacing intrusion rock-breaking loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped hob (4) and the T-shaped connecting rod (5) are integrally manufactured.

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