A double-headed anti-loosening locking device

Abstract

A double-ended anti-loosening locking device is used to lock a locking element onto a base component at the fastening hole. It consists of a double-ended bolt, a first nut, a first ratchet washer, a knurled layer on the base component, a second nut, a second ratchet washer, and a locking nut. The end face of the first nut adjacent to the first ratchet washer, the end face of the second nut adjacent to the second ratchet washer, and the end face of the locking nut all have knurled layers. This invention uses a double-ended bolt, which overcomes the positional limitation of the bidirectional thread boundary line for through-type fastening. Simultaneously, the nut and locking nut can be easily fixed together as one unit using the ratchet washer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to mechanical fasteners, specifically a double-headed anti-loosening locking device. Background Technology

[0002] For general fasteners, the most convenient and quickest way is to use screws or bolts. For fasteners that cannot be penetrated, self-tapping screws or embedded sleeves can be used. However, these types of fasteners are prone to loosening after a period of vibration and lose their fastening function, which can pose a safety hazard, especially in some important situations.

[0003] Traditional methods for preventing bolt loosening include using bolts with reverse threads, a pair of interlocking washers, eccentric nuts, spring washers, winged washers, double nuts, adhesive or nylon threaded pairs, etc. Not only are these methods complex to operate, but actual measurements after lateral vibration show that the residual torque does not meet the requirements for high-specification applications, such as the anti-loosening requirements for high-speed rail contact networks. The current highest standard is ISO16130:2015, which requires the ratio of residual axial force to initial axial force after lateral vibration to be greater than 85%.

[0004] Double nuts with bidirectional threads have a particularly prominent role in preventing loosening and fastening. However, the dividing point of the bidirectional threads needs to be set between the two nuts. Since the thickness of the fastener is fixed, it is difficult to set the position of the bidirectional thread split line exactly to meet the requirements, which limits the adaptability of the anti-loosening bolt. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a more effective and universal anti-loosening locking device.

[0006] A double-headed anti-loosening locking device is used to lock a locking member onto a base component at a fastening hole in the base component. It is characterized by comprising, in sequence, a double-headed bolt, a first nut, a first ratchet washer, a knurled layer on the base component, a second nut, a second ratchet washer, and a locking nut. The end face of the first nut adjacent to the first ratchet washer, the end face of the second nut adjacent to the second ratchet washer, and the end face of the locking nut are all provided with knurled layers.

[0007] Preferably, the threads of the double-ended bolt at the mating second nut and locking nut are opposite in direction.

[0008] The first and second ratchet washers have ratchet teeth on the radial inner or outer ring of the washer. The ratchet teeth are twisted, and the two sides of the ratchet teeth protrude from the two end surfaces of the washer.

[0009] In the installed state, the knurled layer is provided with spiral knurled grooves, and the width of the knurled grooves is interference-fitted with the protruding ratchet teeth of the first and second ratchet washers.

[0010] Preferably, the knurled layer has bidirectional spiral knurling grooves, the width of which smoothly narrows from the outer circle to the inner circle.

[0011] This utility model uses a double-ended bolt, which breaks through the positional limitation of the bidirectional thread dividing line for through-type fastening. The length from the position of the bidirectional thread dividing line to the bolt end can be flexibly set by the position of the first nut, so that the position of the bidirectional thread dividing line is not limited by the thickness of the workpiece being fastened. At the same time, the first nut can be easily fixed to the adjacent base component.

[0012] This utility model employs a ratchet washer in conjunction with knurled layers on both sides. The ratchet washer has ratchet protruding on both sides of the axial direction, and the two sides of the ratchet are respectively embedded in the knurled grooves of the knurled layer. Under tightening pressure, an interference fit is formed, which makes the first nut and the adjacent base component fixed together, and the second nut and the locking nut or locking component fixed together. Because the ratchet is embedded in the knurled groove, the components on both sides are connected and cannot rotate relative to each other, so that the locking component and the base component cannot be loosened, thereby playing a role in preventing loosening. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of this utility model in use.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a view of the knurled end face of the lock nut.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a planar structural diagram of a ratchet washer.

[0016] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Side view.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a planar structural diagram of another type of ratchet washer.

[0018] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 AA section view.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-First nut, 2-First ratchet washer, 3-Knurled layer, 4-Base component, 5-Locking component, 6-Second nut, 7-Second ratchet washer, 9-Locking nut, 10-Double-ended bolt, 11-Knurled groove, 12-Ratchet, 13-Fasting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: In the description of the present invention, the terms "inner end face," "outer end face," etc., indicate the positional relationship based on the drawings and the orientation or positional relationship used. Relative to the center of the whole, the end face closer to the center is the inner end face, and the end face farther from the center is the outer end face. "Axial direction" refers to the direction of the screw's central axis. This simplified description is only for ease of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] The double-ended bolt of this utility model has a bolt head without bulges, both ends of the bolt are studs, and the middle part can be a smooth rod or threaded.

[0022] The aforementioned double-headed anti-loosening locking device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the locking member 5 is used to lock the base member 4 at the fastening hole 13. The base member 4 and the locking member 5 are fastened with a through bolt. The locking device is provided with a first nut 1, a first ratchet washer 2, a knurled layer 3 of the base member 4, the base member 4, the locking member 5, a second nut 6, a second ratchet washer, and a locking nut 9 on the double-ended bolt 10 in sequence. The end face of the first nut 1 and the end face of the base member 4 adjacent to the first ratchet washer 2, as well as the end face of the second nut 6 and the end face of the locking nut 9 adjacent to the second ratchet washer 7, are all provided with a knurled layer 3.

[0023] The structures of the first ratchet washer 2 and the second ratchet washer 7 are as follows: Figure 3-6 As shown, a ratchet 12 is provided on the radial inner or outer ring of the washer. The ratchet 12 is twisted, and the two sides of the ratchet 12 protrude from the two end surfaces of the washer. Figure 3 , 4 The washer has ratchet teeth 12 on its radial outer ring. Figure 5 , 6 The inner radial ring of the washer is provided with ratchet teeth 12. The ratchet washer is made of aluminum alloy or stainless steel, preferably of elastic steel. Some of the ratchet teeth 12 are used as spring washers. The twisted ratchet teeth 12 are knurled and are integrated with the knurling under tightening pressure.

[0024] The knurled layer 3 is provided with spiral knurled grooves 11, such as... Figure 2As shown, in the installed state, some of the knurled grooves 11 are interference-fitted with the protruding ratchet teeth 12 of the first and second ratchet washers 2 and 7. The knurled layer 3 has bidirectional spiral knurled grooves 11, the width of which smoothly narrows from the outer circle to the inner circle. Simultaneously, the knurled pattern also has knurled grooves 12 with opposite spiral directions. The width of the knurled grooves 11 is wider on the outer circle and narrower on the inner circle, with a smooth width change. The narrower part is interference-fitted with the protruding ratchet teeth 12 of the ratchet washer. The bidirectional spiral knurled grooves 11 have two advantages: during tightening, some of the ratchet teeth 12 are embedded in the knurled grooves 11 and then pressed into the narrower knurled grooves 11, forming an interference fit, thus fixing the first nut 1 to the base component 4, or the second nut 6 and the locking nut 9, as a whole. During vibration, the reverse spiral knurled grooves 11 make the fit between the ratchet teeth 12 and the knurled grooves 11 even tighter. Although some of the ratchet teeth 12 are located in the knurled grooves 11, which tend to loosen during reverse movement, some ratchet teeth 12 remain within the narrower knurled grooves 11 during reverse movement, thus restraining the tendency to loosen and preventing the first nut 1 from being shaken by the base component 4, as well as the second nut 6 and locking nut 9. This prevents the fasteners from loosening even during vibration. As an example, the ratchet washer is made of Q235A steel, and the nut and bolt that mate with the ratchet washer are made of 45# steel. The ratchet washer has a lower hardness than the nut, and under the pressure of the nut, the ratchet washer deforms and partially embeds itself into the knurled grooves, significantly increasing the friction.

[0025] Furthermore, the threads of the double-ended bolt 10 have opposite directions of rotation at the mating second nut 6 and locking nut 9. Taking the second nut 6 as an example, it advances when rotated counter-clockwise and retreats when rotated clockwise. During the locking operation, the second nut 6 rotates counter-clockwise to advance and tighten against the clamping object, then rotates clockwise to tighten the locking nut 9, securing it as a single unit through the knurled engagement of the second ratchet washer 7. At this point, the forward tendency of the locking nut 9 is blocked; if it tends to retreat, it rotates clockwise, and the locking nut 9 follows suit, but the clockwise rotation only causes the locking nut 9 to advance, clamping the second nut 6 more tightly, thus preventing the second nut 6 from loosening.

[0026] At this time, the position of the bidirectional thread dividing line is limited to the position between the second nut 6 and the locking nut 9. If the thickness of the base component 4 + locking component 5 is not within the preset range, it is difficult to guarantee that the position of the bidirectional thread dividing line is between the second nut 6 and the locking nut 9. Since a double-ended bolt is used, the position limitation of the bidirectional thread dividing line is broken. The bolt head is replaced by the first nut 1. Since the first nut 1 and the base component 4 are fitted with the first ratchet washer 2 and the knurled layer 3, they are fixed together under the action of tightening force. The fixed position can be changed according to the actual locking. Therefore, the position limitation of the bidirectional thread dividing line of the single-ended bolt is broken.

[0027] In actual operation, a knurled layer 3 is pre-cut at the connection of the base component 4. First, the second nut 6, the second ratchet washer 7, and the locking nut 9 are fitted in. The position of the bidirectional thread dividing line is screwed between the second nut 6 and the locking nut 9. The locking nut 9 is tightened appropriately. Then, the double-ended bolt 10 is inserted into the locking component 5 and the base component 4. The first ratchet washer 2 and the first nut 1 are fitted in at the other end and tightened. Finally, the locking nut 9 is tightened again, and the overall installation is completed. The installed locking device can withstand impact and vibration. The residual axial force exceeds the requirement of the international standard ISO16130:2015 that the ratio of the residual axial force to the initial axial force after lateral vibration is greater than 85%, and the actual measurement exceeds 90%.

Claims

1. A double-end anti-loose locking device for locking a locking member (5) on a base member (4) at a fastening hole (13) of the base member (4), characterized in that: It is composed of a double-ended bolt (10), a first nut (1), a first ratchet washer (2), a knurled layer (3) on the base component (4), a second nut (6), a second ratchet washer, and a locking nut (9). The end face of the first nut (1) adjacent to the first ratchet washer (2), the end face of the second nut (6) adjacent to the second ratchet washer (7), and the end face of the locking nut (9) are all provided with knurled layer (3).

2. The double end lock washer of claim 1, wherein: The double-ended bolt (10) has opposite threads at the mating second nut (6) and locking nut (9).

3. The double end lock washer of claim 1, wherein: The first ratchet washer (2) and the second ratchet washer (7) have ratchet teeth (12) on the radial inner or outer ring of the washer. The ratchet teeth (12) are twisted and the two sides of the ratchet teeth (12) protrude from the two end surfaces of the washer.

4. The dual end lock washer of claim 3, wherein: The knurled layer (3) is provided with a spiral knurled groove (11), and the width of the knurled groove (11) is interference-fitted with the protruding ratchet (12) of the first ratchet washer (2) and the second ratchet washer (7).

5. The double-headed anti-loosening locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knurled layer (3) is provided with bidirectional spiral knurled grooves (11), the width of which smoothly narrows from the outer ring to the inner ring.

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