Locking mechanism and impact testing device

Abstract

This application relates to a locking mechanism and an impact testing device. The impact testing device includes a base, a load frame elastically connected to the base, and a locking mechanism. The locking mechanism includes a mounting base and a locking hook, with the locking hook rotatably connected to the mounting base. The locking hook includes an integrally connected contact portion and a locking portion arranged at an angle to each other. The contact portion has a contact surface, and the locking portion has a locking surface. The contact surface is used to contact the locked component when the locking hook is in the released position to trigger the locking hook to rotate to the engaged position. When the locking hook is in the engaged position, the locking surface abuts against the locked component to restrict the degree of freedom of the locked component. Thus, when the base is impacted, the base can act as the locked component to trigger the locking mechanism to quickly lock the base, thereby allowing the load frame to reliably vibrate relative to the base at a certain frequency without interference. Therefore, it can realistically simulate the impact response and tolerance of elastically mounted shipborne equipment under impact conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of impact resistance testing technology for ship equipment, and in particular to a locking mechanism and impact testing device. Background Technology

[0002] During their service, ships inevitably experience non-contact impacts such as transient shock waves and bubble pulsation pressure in the water. Military vessels, in particular, may also be attacked by weapons such as bombs, missiles, torpedoes, and mines. For a long time, researchers have studied the impact environment experienced by equipment installed on ships under impact loads such as underwater explosions. This research aims to simulate the impact environment at the actual installation sites of shipborne equipment, assess its response and tolerance under real impact conditions, and evaluate and verify its shock resistance performance, thereby ensuring the impact safety and reliability of shipborne equipment.

[0003] However, in recent years, with the development of research technology on the impact resistance of ship equipment, the increasing requirements for blast protection, and the continuous advancement of equipment development and offensive weapon technology, a large number of devices have adopted flexible installation designs due to stealth considerations. Therefore, when simulating the impact on shipborne equipment, the test specimen needs to be placed in a load frame elastically connected to a base, and then the base is subjected to impact, causing the load frame to vibrate relative to the base, in order to simulate the impact response and tolerance of the elastically installed shipborne equipment under impact conditions. The combined weight of the load frame and the base can reach tens of tons. When the base is impacted, how to quickly and reliably lock the base to make it immediately stop so that the load frame can reliably vibrate at a certain frequency, thereby simulating real working conditions, has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a locking mechanism and an impact testing device including the locking mechanism to address the problem of how to quickly and reliably lock the base when simulating shipborne equipment being impacted, so that the load frame can reliably vibrate at a certain frequency.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, a locking mechanism is provided, comprising:

[0006] Mounting base;

[0007] A locking hook is rotatably connected to the mounting base so as to rotate relative to the mounting base to an engaged position or a released position. The locking hook includes a contact portion and a locking portion integrally connected and arranged at an angle to each other. The contact portion has a contact surface, and the locking portion has a locking surface. The contact surface is used to contact the locked member when the locking hook is in the released position to trigger the locking hook to rotate to the engaged position. When the locking hook is in the engaged position, the locking surface abuts against the locked member to restrict the degree of freedom of the locked member.

[0008] In one embodiment, the mounting base has a first limiting groove with an opening at its upper end. The first limiting groove is used to accommodate at least a portion of the locked member. When the locking hook engages the locked member, the locking portion closes the opening of the first limiting groove.

[0009] In one embodiment, the locking part has a second limiting groove, the groove wall of the second limiting groove is constructed as the locking surface, and when the locking hook is in the engagement position, the second limiting groove and the first limiting groove are arranged opposite to each other and together form a locking position for accommodating the locked part.

[0010] In one embodiment, the mounting base includes a base plate and two upright plates disposed on the base plate. The two upright plates are spaced apart, and each upright plate has a groove. The first limiting groove is formed by the grooves of the two upright plates. The locking hook is disposed between the two upright plates and rotatably connected to each upright plate.

[0011] In one embodiment, a locking pin is movably mounted on the mounting base, one end of the locking pin having a latch; the locking pin is movable relative to the mounting base so that the latch is in a locked position exposed relative to the mounting base or in an unlocked position retracted relative to the mounting base.

[0012] When the latch is in the locked position, the lock hook can be abutted by the latch and fixed in the engaged position; when the latch is in the unlocked position, the lock hook can rotate relative to the mounting base to the released position.

[0013] In one embodiment, the locking pin is elastically connected to the mounting base via a first elastic element configured to provide an elastic force that enables the bolt to automatically return from the unlocked position to the locked position.

[0014] In one embodiment, the mounting base is provided with a drive cylinder connected to the locking pin, the drive cylinder being used to drive the locking pin to move relative to the mounting base.

[0015] In one embodiment, the contact portion has an avoidance groove, and the groove wall of the avoidance groove forms two stepped surfaces that are at an angle to each other. When the locking pin is in the locking position, the locking tongue abuts against one of the stepped surfaces.

[0016] In one embodiment, the locking hook is elastically connected to the mounting base or a base via a second elastic element configured to provide an elastic force that enables the locking hook to automatically rotate from the engaged position to the released position when the latch moves from the locked position to the unlocked position.

[0017] According to another aspect of this application, an impact testing apparatus is provided, including a locking mechanism as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0018] The aforementioned locking mechanism and impact testing device including the locking mechanism, by rotatably connecting the locking hook of the locking mechanism to the mounting base, and designing the locking hook to include a contact part and a locking part arranged at an angle to each other, such that when the locking hook is in the released position and the contact surface of the locking hook contacts the locked part, the locking hook will be triggered to rotate to the engaging position, at which point the locking surface abuts against the locked part. This quickly restricts the degree of freedom of the locked part. Thus, when the base of the impact testing device is impacted, the base can act as the locked part, triggering the locking mechanism to quickly lock the base, causing it to immediately come to a stop. This allows the load-bearing frame to reliably vibrate relative to the base at a certain frequency without interference, thus realistically simulating the impact response and tolerance of elastically installed shipborne equipment under impact conditions, and also realistically simulating the inherent characteristics of the ship's deck. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an impact test provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of region A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of a locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application (the locking hook is in the released position).

[0022] Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of a locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application Figure 1 (The locking hook is in the released position.)

[0023] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of a locking mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application Figure 2 (The locking hook is in the engagement position.)

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 10. Impact testing apparatus; 100. Loading frame; 200. Base; 201. Pin; 300. Base; 400. Locking mechanism; 410. Mounting seat; 410a. First limiting groove; 411. Base plate; 412. Vertical plate; 4121. Groove; 420. Locking hook; 420a. Second limiting groove; 420b. Clearance groove; 420c. Stepped surface; 421. Contact part; 4211. Contact surface; 422. Locking part; 4221. Locking surface; 430. Locking pin; 431. Locking tongue; 440. First elastic element; 450. Drive cylinder; 460. Second elastic element; 500. Elastic component. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0028] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0032] This application provides a locking mechanism and an impact testing device including the locking mechanism. The impact testing device is used to simulate the scenario when test pieces such as shipborne equipment elastically installed in a ship are subjected to an explosive impact or a collision. The purpose is to obtain the impact response parameters of the test pieces in order to evaluate whether the test pieces fail after being subjected to an impact or collision in the above-mentioned scenario, thereby ensuring the pass rate of the test pieces.

[0033] The structure of the locking mechanism and impact testing device provided in this application will be described below. It is understood that the locking mechanism provided in this application is not limited to use in the impact testing device, but can also be used in any scenario where locking is required. The impact testing device is not limited to use only for impact simulation of shipborne equipment that is elastically installed in ships, but can also be used to conduct impact tests on any test piece that has this simulation requirement, and there are no particular limitations in this regard.

[0034] See Figure 1 See Figure 1 , Figure 1 A perspective view of an impact testing device 10 according to an embodiment of this application is shown. The impact testing device 10 provided in an embodiment of this application includes a load frame 100, a base 200, a base 300, and a locking mechanism 400. The load frame 100 is elastically connected to the base 200 by an elastic element 500 such as a spring, a magnetorheological fluid damper, or a damping cylinder. The base 300 is installed on a ground foundation, and the locking mechanism 400 is installed on the base 300. The base 200 and the load frame 100 are located above the base 300. The load frame 100 is used to carry the test specimen, and the load frame 100 and the base 200 can move in a vertical or approximately vertical direction under the drive of the drive mechanism. The base 200 is used to collide with the base 300 so that the load frame 100 can vibrate relative to the base 200 to simulate the scenario when the test specimen is subjected to an explosion or physical impact. The locking mechanism 400 is used to quickly lock the base 200 at the moment of collision between the base 200 and the base 300 so that the base 200 is immediately stationary. This allows the load frame 100 to reliably vibrate relative to the base 200 without interference from other factors, thereby improving the realism of the simulation.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, cylindrical pins 201 are provided on both sides of the base 200. The number of locking mechanisms 400 is the same as the number of pins 201, and all locking mechanisms 400 correspond one-to-one with all pins 201. When the base 200 and the base 300 collide, the pins 201 are locked by the locking mechanisms 400 as locked parts, thereby achieving the purpose of making the base 200 stand still immediately.

[0036] More specifically, regarding the structure of the locking mechanism 400, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the locking mechanism 400 includes a mounting base 410 and a locking hook 420 rotatably connected to the mounting base 410. The locking hook 420 can rotate relative to the mounting base 410 to be positioned... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The release position shown or Figure 5 As shown in the engagement position, when the locking hook 420 rotates to the engagement position, the locking hook 420 engages with the corresponding pin 201 to fix the base 200; when the locking hook 420 rotates to the release position, the restriction on the vertical degree of freedom of the base 200 is released, and the vibration mechanism can be lifted upward under the drive of the drive mechanism.

[0037] To ensure that the base 200 comes to an immediate stop upon impact with the base 300, the locking mechanism 400 passively locks the base 200. Specifically, at the instant the base 200 impacts the base 300, the pin 201 contacts the locking hook 420, triggering the locking hook 420 to rotate relative to the mounting base 410 from the released position to the engaged position. This allows the base 200 to be locked immediately at the fastest speed, completely preventing relative movement between the base 200 and the base 300 after impact.

[0038] More specifically, in Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment, the locking hook 420 is approximately in the shape of a "7". It includes a contact portion 421 and a locking portion 422 that are integrally connected and set at an angle to each other. The contact portion 421 has a contact surface 4211, and the locking portion 422 has a locking surface 4221 that matches the outer peripheral surface profile of the pin 201. The contact surface 4211 is used to contact the bottom end surface of the pin 201 at the moment when the base 200 and the base 300 collide, so as to trigger the locking hook 420 to rotate from the release position to the engagement position.

[0039] Optionally, the mounting base 410 has a first limiting groove 410a with an opening at the upper end. The groove wall contour of the first limiting groove 410a matches the outer peripheral surface contour of the pin 201. When the locking hook 420 engages the pin 201, the locking hook 420 closes the opening of the first limiting groove 410a. Similarly, the locking part 422 is provided with a second limiting groove 420a. The groove wall of the second limiting groove 420a is constructed as a locking surface 4221. The outline of the locking surface 4221 also matches or approximately matches the outline of the outer peripheral surface of the pin 201. The second limiting groove 420a and the first limiting groove 410a are arranged opposite to each other and together form a locking position with an outline shape consistent with the pin 201 and used to accommodate the pin 201. When the locking hook 420 is in the biting position, the locking part 422 hooks the pin 201, and the locking surface 4221 can fit against the pin 201, thereby firmly restricting the degree of freedom of the pin 201 to achieve quick locking. When it is necessary to unlock the base 200, the locking hook 420 is rotated from the biting position to the release position by manual or other external force to complete the unlocking.

[0040] Furthermore, to more securely fix the pin 201 in the locking position, such as... Figure 3As shown, the mounting base 410 includes a base plate 411 and two upright plates 412 disposed on the base plate 411. The two upright plates 412 are spaced apart, and each upright plate 412 has a groove 4121. The groove wall contour of the groove 4121 matches the outer peripheral surface contour of the pin 201. The first limiting groove 410a is formed by the grooves 4121 of the two upright plates 412. The locking hook 420 is disposed between the two upright plates 412 and rotatably connected to each upright plate 412. It can be seen that by setting two upright plates 412, the grooves 4121 of the two upright plates 412 jointly support the pin 201, thereby increasing the contact area with the pin 201, thus more firmly supporting the pin 201 and preventing the pin 201 from tilting or shaking.

[0041] Considering that the locking hook 420 needs to remain in the engaged position and cannot rotate arbitrarily during the locking process of the base 200 in the engaged position, based on the above embodiment, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a locking pin 430 is movably mounted on the mounting base 410. One end of the locking pin 430 has a locking tongue 431, and the locking pin 430 can move relative to the mounting base 410 so that the locking tongue 431 can be in a locked position exposed on the surface of the mounting base 410 facing the locking hook 420, or in an unlocked position retracted relative to that surface of the mounting base 410. When the locking tongue 431 is in the locked position, the locking hook 420 is abutted by the locking tongue 431 and fixed in the engaged position. When the locking tongue 431 is in the unlocked position, the locking hook 420 can rotate relative to the mounting base 410 to the released position. This ensures that the locking hook 420 is reliably locked during the locking process of the base 200, effectively preventing accidents caused by unreliable locking.

[0042] Furthermore, considering that the locking tongue 431 needs to remain stationary when it is in the locked position to lock the locking hook 420 in the engaged position, based on the above embodiment, the locking pin 430 is elastically connected to the mounting base 410 via a first elastic element 440, and the locking pin 430 is connected to a drive cylinder 450. The first elastic element 440 is configured to provide an elastic force that enables the locking tongue 431 to automatically reset from the unlocked position to the locked position. The drive cylinder 450 is used to enable the locking pin 430 to overcome the elastic force provided by the first elastic element 440, so that it can move from the locked position to the unlocked position.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 5As shown, since the groove wall of the second limiting groove 420a needs to be tightly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the pin 201, in order to avoid interference between the locking tongue 431 of the locking pin 430 and the locking hook 420, the contact part 421 of the locking hook 420 is provided with a relief groove 420b. The groove wall of the relief groove 420b forms two stepped surfaces 420c that are at an angle to each other. When the locking pin 430 is in the locked position, the locking tongue 431 abuts against one of the stepped surfaces 420c, thereby avoiding interference with the locking hook 420 and abutting against the locking hook 420, so that the locking hook 420 is fixed in the engagement position.

[0044] Alternatively, such as Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the locking hook 420 can be elastically connected to the mounting base 410 via a second elastic element 460. The second elastic element 460 is configured to provide an elastic force that allows the locking hook 420 to rotate from the engaged position to the released position when the locking bolt 431 moves from the locked position to the unlocked position. Thus, when the locking pin 430 moves from the locked position to the unlocked position, that is, when the locking bolt 431 retracts into the mounting base 410, the locking hook 420 can automatically rotate from the engaged position to the released position under the elastic force provided by the second elastic element 460, thereby eliminating the need for manual unlocking. It is understood that the second elastic element 460 can also be elastically connected to the base 300, and this is not limited thereto.

[0045] Therefore, it can be seen that, through the locking mechanism 400 of the above embodiment, at the moment the base 200 and the base 300 collide, the locking hook 420 can automatically engage the pin 201 of the base 200, thereby quickly locking the base 200, and thus allowing the carrying frame 100 to reliably vibrate relative to the base 200; when unlocking is required, as long as the drive cylinder 450 is controlled to drive the locking pin 430 to move, the locking hook 420 can automatically release the pin 201 to complete the unlocking, which greatly saves labor.

[0046] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0047] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A locking mechanism, characterized in that, include: Mounting base (410); A locking hook (420) is rotatably connected to the mounting base (410) so as to be able to rotate relative to the mounting base (410) to an engaged position or a released position; the locking hook (420) includes a contact portion (421) and a locking portion (422) integrally connected and arranged at an angle to each other. The contact portion (421) has a contact surface (4211), and the locking portion (422) has a locking surface (4221). The contact surface (4211) is used to contact the locked member when the locking hook (420) is in the released position to trigger the locking hook (420) to rotate to the engaged position; when the locking hook (420) is in the engaged position, the locking surface (4221) abuts against the locked member to restrict the degree of freedom of the locked member.

2. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (410) has a first limiting groove (410a) with an opening at the upper end. The first limiting groove (410a) is used to accommodate at least a portion of the locked member. When the locking hook (420) engages the locked member, the locking part (422) closes the opening of the first limiting groove (410a).

3. The locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The locking part (422) is provided with a second limiting groove (420a). The groove wall of the second limiting groove (420a) is constructed as the locking surface (4221). When the locking hook (420) is in the engagement position, the second limiting groove (420a) and the first limiting groove (410a) are arranged opposite to each other and together form a locking position for accommodating the locked part.

4. The locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting base (410) includes a base plate (411) and two upright plates (412) disposed on the base plate (411). The two upright plates (412) are spaced apart, and each upright plate (412) has a groove (4121). The first limiting groove (410a) is formed by the grooves (4121) of the two upright plates (412). The locking hook (420) is disposed between the two upright plates (412) and rotatably connected to each upright plate (412).

5. The locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, A locking pin (430) is movably mounted on the mounting base (410), one end of which has a locking tongue (431); the locking pin (430) is movable relative to the mounting base (410) so that the locking tongue (431) is in a locked position exposed relative to the mounting base (410) or in an unlocked position retracted relative to the mounting base (410); When the latch (431) is in the locked position, the hook (420) can be abutted by the latch (431) and fixed in the engaged position; when the latch (431) is in the unlocked position, the hook (420) can rotate relative to the mounting base (410) to the released position.

6. The locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The locking pin (430) is elastically connected to the mounting base (410) via a first elastic element (440), the first elastic element (440) being configured to provide an elastic force that enables the bolt (431) to automatically return from the unlocked position to the locked position.

7. The locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting base (410) is provided with a drive cylinder (450) connected to the locking pin (430), and the drive cylinder (450) is used to drive the locking pin (430) to move relative to the mounting base (410).

8. The locking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The contact portion (421) is provided with a relief groove (420b), and the groove wall of the relief groove (420b) forms two stepped surfaces (420c) that are at an angle to each other. When the locking pin (430) is in the locked position, the locking tongue (431) abuts against one of the stepped surfaces (420c).

9. The locking mechanism according to any one of claims 5-8, characterized in that, The locking hook (420) is elastically connected to the mounting base (410) or a base (300) via a second elastic element (460), the second elastic element (460) being configured to provide an elastic force that enables the locking hook (420) to automatically rotate from the engaged position to the released position when the locking tongue (431) moves from the locked position to the unlocked position.

10. An impact testing apparatus, characterized in that, Includes the locking mechanism (400) as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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