Low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading

Abstract

This utility model discloses a low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading, including a fixed base and an iron frame. A bracket and a measuring cylinder holder are connected to the fixed base. An electromagnetic magnet is connected to the measuring cylinder holder via a telescopic rod on the bracket. A custom weight is magnetically connected below the electromagnetic magnet. A measuring cylinder container is placed inside the measuring cylinder holder, and a first-stage weight is placed on top of the measuring cylinder container. A central guide post that slides against the inner wall of the measuring cylinder container is located below the first-stage weight. A displacement sensor is mounted on the iron frame via a fixing clamp. The displacement sensor is connected to a data acquisition instrument via a signal line. A radial constraint plate is connected to the monitoring end of the displacement sensor and is fixed to the first-stage weight. This utility model can achieve high-precision, automated loading and measurement, effectively improving the accuracy of tests in the low-pressure range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering testing equipment, specifically relating to a low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading. Background Technology

[0002] Existing consolidation testing equipment mainly consists of a consolidation container, a loading system, a deformation measuring device, and auxiliary components. The consolidation container includes a metal ring cutter, upper and lower permeable stones, and a pressure cover plate; the loading system is divided into lever type (using weights and levers to transmit pressure) and pneumatic / hydraulic type (relying on an air pump or hydraulic system for loading).

[0003] Lever-type loading systems, due to mechanical friction and weight accuracy issues, can experience fluctuations of up to ±5 kPa at low pressures. While pneumatic / hydraulic systems can perform continuous loading, they suffer from response lag and insufficient low-pressure stability. Deformation measurement devices typically employ dial indicators for manual reading. Since the reading interval is usually set to once per hour, this low-frequency reading method easily misses minute changes during the secondary consolidation stage, and manual operation can also introduce a subjective error of approximately ±0.01 mm.

[0004] Furthermore, the consolidation containers of traditional instruments can only hold soil samples up to 2 cm high, which is insufficient to accurately reflect the compression characteristics of actual engineering soil layers such as deep soft soil or layered foundations. The low sample height may also lead to premature termination of deformation monitoring, failing to fully capture the soil consolidation process. Permeable stones are easily clogged by fine particles in the soil sample over long-term use, requiring frequent replacement, which not only increases maintenance costs but also affects the continuity of testing. The entire process of traditional testing is highly dependent on manual operation, with a testing cycle of 7-14 days for a single sample. Data recording and report generation are inefficient, failing to meet the demands of modern geotechnical engineering for efficient and automated testing equipment. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading, which can achieve high-precision and automated loading and measurement, and effectively improve the accuracy of tests in the low-pressure range.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading, which includes a fixed base and an iron frame. A bracket and a measuring cylinder holder are connected to the fixed base. An electromagnetic magnet is connected to the measuring cylinder holder on the bracket via a telescopic rod. A customized weight is magnetically connected below the electromagnetic magnet.

[0007] A measuring cylinder container is placed inside the measuring cylinder holder. A first-stage weight is placed on top of the measuring cylinder container. A central guide post that slides with the inner wall of the measuring cylinder container is provided below the first-stage weight.

[0008] A displacement sensor is mounted on the iron frame using a fixing clamp. The displacement sensor is connected to a data acquisition instrument via a signal line. The monitoring end of the displacement sensor is connected to a radial constraint plate, which is fixed to the first-stage Mafa.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the fixed base is equipped with a control board and a heat dissipation grid. The control board is provided with an adjustment switch for controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod, a switch button for controlling the on and off of the electromagnetic magnet, and a display screen for displaying the working status of the consolidation device.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the electromagnetic magnet includes two electromagnetic magnets distributed vertically, and the two electromagnetic magnets are connected by a central connecting shaft and a cable connector.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the radial constraint plate is provided with a guide hole for connecting the monitoring end of the displacement sensor.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the measuring cylinder container is made of transparent plexiglass, and the inner wall is marked with two-dimensional vector distance scale lines.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model: one end of the customized weight is provided with a protrusion, and the other end is provided with a positioning groove that matches the protrusion.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] By using electromagnetic magnets and displacement sensors, high-precision and automated loading and measurement are achieved, effectively improving the accuracy of tests in the low-pressure range.

[0016] The measuring cylinder container is made of transparent plexiglass, which is easy to observe, and its height can be customized as needed to better fit actual engineering conditions and accommodate taller soil samples.

[0017] Customized weights, combined with telescopic rods and electromagnetic magnets, make loading operations more convenient, stable, and efficient.

[0018] The data acquisition instrument can provide comprehensive and accurate data support for the analysis of soil compression characteristics. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic magnet of the low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed base control plate of the low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the constraint plate of the low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a customized invention of a low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading. Figure 1 .

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a customized invention of a low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading. Figure 2 .

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Fixed base, 2. Measuring cylinder container, 3. First-stage weight, 4. Telescopic rod, 5. Electromagnetic magnet, 6. Custom weight, 7. Displacement sensor, 8. Iron stand, 9. Fixing clamp, 10. Radial constraint plate, 11. Data acquisition instrument, 12. Signal line, 13. Control board, 14. Guide hole, 15. Protrusion, 16. Positioning groove, 17. Threaded connector, 18. Hexagonal lock nut, 19. Cable connector, 20. Electromagnetic magnet, 21. Central connecting shaft, 22. Adjusting switch, 23. Switch button, 24. Display screen, 25. Heat dissipation grid, 26. Measuring cylinder holder, 27. Bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading includes a fixed base 1 and an iron frame 8. The fixed base 1 serves as the overall support base of the device and is made of high-strength steel, possessing excellent stability and load-bearing capacity. The fixed base 1 is precision-machined to form a smooth mounting surface, which is connected to a bracket 27 and a measuring cylinder holder 26. An electromagnetic magnet 5 is connected to the bracket 27 and the measuring cylinder holder 26 via a telescopic rod 4. A custom weight 6 is magnetically connected below the electromagnetic magnet 5. The telescopic rod 4 can be an electric telescopic rod, facilitating automated electric control.

[0028] The measuring cylinder holder 26 contains a measuring cylinder container 2, and a first-stage weight 3 is placed on top of the measuring cylinder container 2. A central guide post is provided below the first-stage weight 3 and slides with the inner wall of the measuring cylinder container 2. The central guide post can be integrally formed with the first-stage weight 3 into a T-shaped structure, or it can be a separate, positioning and embedding structure to ensure accurate and stable installation.

[0029] A displacement sensor 7 is installed on the iron frame 8 via a fixing clamp 9. The displacement sensor 7 is connected to the data acquisition instrument 11 via a signal line 12. The monitoring end of the displacement sensor 7 is connected to a radial constraint plate 10, which is fixed to the first-stage Mafa.

[0030] The displacement sensor 7 is a high-precision telescopic rod type displacement sensor with a range of 100mm and a measurement accuracy of 0.01mm. It can capture subtle changes in the soil consolidation process in real time and can be stably installed on the iron frame 8 to ensure measurement accuracy. Its output is connected to the data acquisition instrument 11 through the signal line 12 to realize rapid data transmission and processing, providing reliable data support for soil compression characteristic analysis.

[0031] To achieve automated control, the fixed base 1 is further equipped with a control board 13 and a heat dissipation grid 25. The control board 13 is equipped with an adjustment switch 22 for controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod 4, a switch button 23 for controlling the on / off state of the electromagnetic magnet 5, and a display screen 24 for displaying the working status of the consolidation device. The telescopic rod 4 can be raised and lowered by adjusting the switch 22, and the electromagnetic magnet 5 can be turned on and off by the switch button 23 to magnetically attract and stack the customized weights 6.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, to ensure the connection stability between the electromagnetic magnet 5 and the telescopic rod 4, the electromagnetic magnet 5 is fixed to the end of the telescopic rod 4 via a threaded connector 17 and a hexagonal locking nut 18. Furthermore, the electromagnetic magnet 5 includes two electromagnetic magnet blocks 20 distributed vertically, connected by a central connecting shaft 21 and a cable connector 19. To ensure that the center of the attracted custom weight 6 is strictly aligned with the center of the telescopic rod 4, a positioning ring is also provided on the lower electromagnetic magnet block 20.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the radial constraint plate 10 is provided with a guide hole 14 for connecting the monitoring end of the displacement sensor 7. The guide hole 14 provides a constraint on the monitoring end of the displacement sensor 7 to prevent offset and shaking, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0034] Furthermore, the measuring cylinder 2 is made of transparent plexiglass, with double-vector graduation lines marked on the inner wall. Preferably, the inner diameter of the measuring cylinder 2 is 62±0.5mm and the height is 450mm. The use of transparent plexiglass as the tube material provides good light transmittance, allowing researchers to directly observe the changes in the state of the sample during the test, such as deformation and crack development. It also facilitates cleaning and inspection of the inside of the measuring cylinder.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the custom weight 6 has a protrusion 15 at one end and a positioning groove 16 that matches the protrusion 15 at the other end. The custom weight 6 is composed of a gradient weight set precision cast from 304 stainless steel, including a basic pressure unit (e.g., a 3.125 kPa reference weight) and an extended pressure module (e.g., 1 kPa, 2 kPa, 5 kPa, 10 kPa standard split weights). The precise engagement of the protrusion 15 and the positioning groove 16 enables the positioning weight to be quickly and accurately axially positioned and stably stacked.

[0036] In a specific implementation of this utility model:

[0037] I. Experimental Procedure

[0038] 1. Soil sample preparation and placement: Prepare a soil sample that meets the test requirements, place the soil sample in graduated cylinder container 2, and place filter paper and permeable stone on top of the soil sample to ensure that the soil sample height is appropriate and can truly reflect the compression characteristics of the soil layer in actual engineering.

[0039] 2. Loading Operation: The extension length and speed of the telescopic rod 4 are controlled by the control panel 13, allowing the customized weights 6 to be sequentially attracted onto the telescopic rod 4. Different weights are stacked to apply corresponding vertical loads. After each loading, the electromagnetic magnet 5 ensures the stable placement of each customized weight 6.

[0040] 3. Weight placement procedure:

[0041] 1) Initial adsorption: When it is necessary to place the customized weight 6 on the telescopic rod 4, the operator only needs to bring a single customized weight 6 or a combination of multiple customized weights 6 close to the end of the telescopic rod 4, and the powerful magnetic force will automatically adsorb the customized weight 6 onto the electromagnetic magnet 5.

[0042] 2) Positioning structure cooperation: The positioning weight and the telescopic rod 4 are designed with positioning structures. The bottom of the positioning weight has a protrusion and the top has a positioning groove 16. These positioning structures cooperate with each other to ensure that the weight can automatically center itself after being attracted to the electromagnetic magnet 5 and remain coaxial with the telescopic rod 4.

[0043] 3) Position fine-tuning: If the position of the positioning weight needs to be fine-tuned, the operator can gently push the weight and use the flexibility of the magnetic connection to make fine-tuning until the center of the positioning weight is strictly aligned with the center of the telescopic rod 4 to achieve precise positioning.

[0044] 4. Data Acquisition: Start the data acquisition instrument 11, set an appropriate sampling frequency, and collect and store the soil sample deformation data collected by the displacement sensor 7 in real time. The data acquisition instrument 11 can simultaneously acquire data signals from other relevant sensors (such as pressure sensors), providing comprehensive data support for analyzing the compressibility characteristics of the soil.

[0045] 5. Experimental observation and recording: Since the measuring cylinder container 2 is made of transparent plexiglass, the experimenters can directly observe the changes in the state of the sample during the experiment, such as deformation and crack development, and make corresponding observation records.

[0046] II. Experiment Completion and Data Processing

[0047] 1. Unloading operation: After the test, the electromagnetic magnet 5 is de-energized through the control board 13 to make the magnetic force disappear, and the positioning weights are removed one by one.

[0048] 2. Equipment disassembly and cleaning: Disassemble components such as measuring cylinder container 2, clean and inspect the equipment, and replace any permeable stones or other components that may cause blockages in a timely manner to ensure the equipment is in good condition.

[0049] 3. Data Analysis and Report Generation: Utilizing the test data stored in the data acquisition instrument 11, the consolidation characteristics of the soil within the low-pressure range are analyzed, such as calculating parameters like the compression index and consolidation coefficient. Test reports are generated based on the analysis results, improving the efficiency of data recording and report generation.

Claims

1. A low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading, comprising a fixed base (1) and an iron frame (8), characterized in that, A bracket (27) and a measuring cylinder holder (26) are connected to the fixed base (1). An electromagnetic magnet (5) is connected to the measuring cylinder holder (26) on the bracket (27) via a telescopic rod (4). A custom weight (6) is magnetically connected below the electromagnetic magnet (5). A measuring cylinder container (2) is placed inside the measuring cylinder holder (26). A first-level weight (3) is placed on top of the measuring cylinder container (2). A central guide post that slides with the inner wall of the measuring cylinder container (2) is provided below the first-level weight (3). A displacement sensor (7) is installed on the iron frame (8) by a fixing clamp (9). The displacement sensor (7) is connected to the data acquisition instrument (11) through a signal line (12). The monitoring end of the displacement sensor (7) is connected to a radial constraint plate (10), which is fixed on the first-stage Mafa.

2. The low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed base (1) is equipped with a control board (13) and a heat dissipation grid (25). The control board (13) is equipped with an adjustment switch (22) for controlling the extension and retraction of the telescopic rod (4), a switch button (23) for controlling the on and off of the electromagnetic magnet (5), and a display screen (24) for displaying the working status of the consolidation device.

3. The low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The electromagnetic magnet (5) includes two electromagnetic magnet blocks (20) distributed vertically, and the two electromagnetic magnet blocks (20) are connected by a central connecting shaft (21) and a cable connector (19).

4. The low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The radial constraint plate (10) is provided with a guide hole (14) for connecting the monitoring end of the displacement sensor (7).

5. The low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The graduated cylinder container (2) is made of transparent plexiglass, and the inner wall is marked with two-dimensional scale lines.

6. The low-pressure consolidation device based on electromagnetic adsorption loading according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The custom weight (6) has a protrusion (15) at one end and a positioning groove (16) that matches the protrusion (15) at the other end.

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