A high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing

Abstract

This utility model relates to a high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing for heavy-load large rock block model tests. It includes: a first plate and a second plate arranged opposite each other; a cage disposed between the first and second plates, with multiple rolling grooves pre-set on the cage; and rolling elements, each arranged correspondingly within one of the rolling grooves and held by the cage. The rolling elements abut against the surfaces of the first and second plates on both sides and can roll freely within the rolling grooves, allowing the loaded object to move freely relative to the second plate in a plane perpendicular to the loading direction along a first direction and a second direction. Furthermore, cage baffles are fixed to at least two opposite edges of the first plate to prevent the first plate from detaching from the cage during free movement. The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing proposed in this utility model has a simple and lightweight structure, can withstand large loads and move freely in any direction within a plane, avoiding the need for numerous auxiliary structures in traditional methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bearing technology, especially to planar bearings, and more specifically, to a high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing.

[0002] This application claims priority to an earlier application, application number 2024110022284, entitled "A High-Load Bidirectional Planar Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Bearing," with a priority date of July 25, 2024. The entire disclosure of that earlier application is incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0003] In fields such as complex large-scale physical model tests, there are often planar motion structures subjected to heavy loads. For example, in large-scale physical model tests of ground fissures, it is necessary to move large, heavily loaded rock blocks in a planar motion. Larger equipment often needs to move a bulky motor in one direction, requiring auxiliary equipment such as cable carriers and power cords. In this process, wear and tear, equipment failure, and electrical leakage often occur, and the complex structure makes installation very inconvenient.

[0004] Currently, existing technologies, such as Chinese patent CN2674184Y which discloses an improved unidirectional planar thrust ball bearing, employ unidirectional planar thrust balls, allowing only unidirectional movement; and CN103790956A which discloses a thrust angular contact ball bearing, where the raceway surfaces for rolling steel balls are arranged in an angular contact manner in the seat ring and shaft ring, clearly also allowing only unidirectional movement in the direction perpendicular to the paper; and CN214367257U which discloses a combined thrust bearing, employing multiple cylindrical rollers combined with multiple rolling balls, also allowing only unidirectional movement. Furthermore, existing technologies also employ double-layer support plates and guide rails to control the movement of rock blocks along a plane, but this structure is complex and cannot withstand large loads on both sides.

[0005] In summary, these traditional practices have the following shortcomings:

[0006] 1. Existing technologies cannot withstand large loads on both sides and can only move in one direction. If heavy-load objects are to move in multiple directions at the same time, multiple layers of brackets or rolling guides are required, which increases costs.

[0007] 2. If multi-layer guide rails are made, the thickness increases, the overall structure volume and mass increase, and the overall appearance becomes complex and redundant.

[0008] 3. Because it needs to withstand a large load, the structure must be designed to be strong and sturdy enough, which increases the difficulty of construction.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to make targeted improvements to the existing practices in order to solve the planar motion problem under heavy loads in complex large-scale physical model tests. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing with a simple and lightweight structure, which can withstand large loads and move freely in any direction within the plane, thus solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0011] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0012] A high-load, two-way planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing includes:

[0013] A first plate and a second plate are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first plate serves as a load plate adapted to abut against the loaded object, and the second plate serves as a thrust plate adapted to abut against the loading source, and the first plate and the second plate are spaced apart by a preset distance and are not connected;

[0014] A retainer is disposed between the first plate and the second plate, and the retainer has a plurality of pre-set rolling grooves;

[0015] Rolling elements, a plurality of which are arranged one-to-one within a plurality of rolling grooves to be held by the cage, abut against the surfaces of the first plate and the second plate on both sides respectively and are able to roll freely within the rolling grooves, so that the loaded object can move freely relative to the second plate in a plane perpendicular to the loading direction along a first direction and a second direction; and

[0016] The first plate is fixed with retainer baffles at at least two opposite edges, the retainer baffles being used to prevent the first plate from detaching from the retainer during free movement.

[0017] The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing system provided by this utility model, by means of the rolling of the rolling elements on the second plate, enables the loaded object to move freely in any direction within the plane along with the first plate. Furthermore, high loads, such as at least 500kN, can be applied to both sides of the bearing. This system can simulate the bidirectional planar motion and arbitrary planar motion of a large rock block under heavy load, ensuring the multi-degree-of-freedom planar motion of the loaded object under heavy load and expanding the motion range of the loaded object under heavy load, thus meeting the requirements of such model tests. In addition, the cage baffle, which forms a stop structure at least on two opposite edges of the first plate, prevents the cage and rolling elements from "overtraveling" during free movement, i.e., avoids overtravel.

[0018] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the second plate is larger than that of the first plate, such that there is free movement space between the perimeter of the first plate and the perimeter of the second plate.

[0019] With this improvement, the motion stroke requirement of the first plate can be met, and this stroke can be flexibly set according to the experimental requirements in the model test. It is only necessary to flexibly select the first plate and the second plate of different sizes.

[0020] In some embodiments, the rolling grooves are arranged in a matrix of multiple rows and columns on the cage.

[0021] With this improvement, by using a matrix arrangement of multiple rows and columns of rolling grooves, a sufficient number of rolling elements and a reasonable arrangement, it is possible to ensure that high loads can be applied to both sides of the bearing without damage.

[0022] In some embodiments, the rolling groove is a circular groove, and the rolling element is a steel ball embedded in the circular groove.

[0023] With this improvement, the steel ball has high load-bearing capacity and is embedded in a circular groove, enabling bidirectional multi-degree-of-freedom movement in a plane while preventing it from slipping out of the groove.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cage is a single-layer plate structure, and a plurality of the rolling grooves are formed on the single-layer plate.

[0025] With this improvement, the cage adopts a single-layer plate structure that is easy to process and manufacture, and it is easy to form circular rolling grooves on it, and the rolling elements are also easy to install.

[0026] In some embodiments, the retainer is a double-layer plate structure, which is formed by fastening a first retaining plate and a second retaining plate together. Both the first retaining plate and the second retaining plate have a plurality of constricted semicircular grooves, and two corresponding constricted semicircular grooves are fastened together to form a rolling groove.

[0027] With this improvement, the cage adopts a double-layer plate structure. The two layers interlock with each other, clamping and holding the rolling elements from both the top and bottom. The two semi-circular grooves at the top and bottom interlock to make the rolling elements more securely installed.

[0028] In some embodiments, the first retaining plate and the second retaining plate are respectively provided with a plurality of anchoring holes, which are interlocked and fixed by rivets.

[0029] With this improvement, the rivet anchoring makes the upper and lower retaining plates fit together more securely, and they are less likely to shift or separate during loading and following motion.

[0030] In some embodiments, the cage baffle has an "U"-shaped structure, with its top engaging with the upper edge of the cage.

[0031] With this improvement, the '-shaped structure is easy to install at the edge of the first plate, and after installation, it easily forms an effective stop for the cage.

[0032] In some embodiments, screw holes are provided on the side of the '-shaped structure, and screw holes are provided on at least two opposite edges of the first plate, and the retainer baffle is fixed to the first plate by fastening screws.

[0033] With this improvement, the cage baffle is screwed onto the first plate, and the cage baffle can be detached from the first plate. The split structure can be installed and removed for replacement, which can be flexibly set according to the rolling elements of different sizes and loading requirements, and also avoids the errors caused by one-piece molding.

[0034] In some embodiments, the side plates and top of the '-shaped structure are provided with a predetermined gap S from the side edges and top edges of the cage, so as to allow the cage to slide slightly within the cage baffle when under force.

[0035] This improvement allows for a slight sliding space within the cage baffle by pre-reserving a gap at an appropriate location, preventing the rolling elements from jamming with the cage, ensuring the smooth operation of the structure and reducing the failure rate.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first plate is located on the inside and the second plate is located on the outside, and the loading source is a jack.

[0037] In some embodiments, the heavy load is above 500kN.

[0038] Beneficial Effects: The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing proposed in this utility model has a simple and lightweight structure, and can withstand free movement in any direction within a plane under large loads, thus solving the aforementioned problems. Specifically, at least the following beneficial effects can be obtained:

[0039] (1) The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing proposed in this utility model can realize the free movement of the loaded object in any direction in the plane by means of the rolling of the rolling body (steel ball) on the thrust plate, and control the load to make planar movement, thus avoiding the need for a large number of auxiliary structures to cooperate in the traditional approach.

[0040] (2) The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing proposed in this utility model can increase the load of the moved heavy object by increasing the number and size of the rolling elements (steel balls), which is easy to achieve in actual use. The load can be easily applied to more than 500kN, which meets the requirements of model tests of large rock blocks.

[0041] (3) The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing proposed in this utility model can achieve the travel of the equipment by changing the size of the thrust plate, which is easy to implement in actual use.

[0042] (4) The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing proposed in this utility model has a cage that can be made of a single layer of steel plate or two layers of steel plates connected by rivets. The structure is easy to process and manufacture, and can conveniently limit the rolling elements (steel balls).

[0043] (5) The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing proposed in this utility model has a small gap between the cage and the cage baffle, so that the cage can slide slightly in the baffle when it is under force, and the rolling elements (steel balls) will not jam with the cage, ensuring the smooth realization of the structural function and reducing the failure rate.

[0044] (6) The high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing proposed in this utility model has a simple motion structure, and the components are easy to obtain and install.

[0045] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of this utility model does not mean that it will simultaneously possess or achieve multiple or all of the above-mentioned beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0047] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0048] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of the overall shape of a planar bidirectional bearing system according to this utility model is shown;

[0049] Figure 2 An exemplary schematic diagram of the internal structure of a planar bidirectional bearing system according to this utility model is shown;

[0050] Figure 3 An exemplary side view of a planar bidirectional bearing system according to the present invention is shown;

[0051] Figure 4 An exemplary schematic diagram (assembled state) of the cage and rolling elements of a planar bidirectional bearing system according to this utility model is shown.

[0052] Figure 5 An illustrative schematic diagram (expanded view) of the cage and rolling element structure of a planar bidirectional bearing system according to this utility model is shown.

[0053] Figure 6 An exemplary schematic diagram of the planar bidirectional bearing system of this utility model is shown in use.

[0054] Marked in the image:

[0055] 1-First plate (load plate); 2-Cage baffle; 3-Fasting screw; 4-Second plate (thrust plate); 5-Rolling element (steel ball); 6-Cage; 61-Rolling groove; 62-First retaining plate; 63-Second retaining plate; 64-Anchoring hole; 7-Rivet; S-Gap.

[0056] The same or corresponding marks in the diagram indicate the same or corresponding parts. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of this utility model and their descriptions are used to explain this utility model, but are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0058] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] It should be understood that the terms "comprising / including," "consisting of," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but may also include, where necessary, other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product, apparatus, process, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising / including," "consisting of," does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes said element.

[0060] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation on this utility model.

[0061] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0062] In view of the shortcomings of existing bearings in planar motion under heavy loads, this utility model designs a high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing, which mainly achieves free motion in two directions in the plane by rolling the rolling elements (steel balls) on the thrust plate. The number of rolling elements can be controlled by changing the cage size to meet the needs of planar motion under different loads.

[0063] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments.

[0064] like Figures 1 to 3 This utility model provides a high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing, which mainly includes a first plate 1 and a second plate 4 arranged opposite to each other, a cage 6, and rolling elements 5. The first plate 1 and the second plate 4 serve as the outer frame of the entire bearing, bearing external thrust loading and transmitting the thrust to the loaded object. The rolling elements 5 are held by the cage 6 and can roll freely between the first plate 1 and the second plate 4, thereby enabling the first plate 1 and the second plate 4 to move relatively freely to satisfy free movement in any direction in the plane. Furthermore, the size of the cage 6 and the number of rolling elements 5 can be flexibly adjusted to meet the needs of planar movement under different loads, especially heavy loads.

[0065] Specifically, the first plate 1 and the second plate 4 are set opposite to each other, and both can be made of steel plates. The thickness of the steel plates is set according to the test requirements such as the magnitude of the force. Figure 1The diagram shows a top-down perspective of the bearing as a whole. In practice, this bearing can be placed vertically, for example, in a large model test chamber. The first plate 1 and the second plate 4 are vertically opposite each other, for example, the first plate 1 is on the left and the second plate 4 is on the right. The first plate 1, as a load plate, is suitable for contacting the object being loaded, and the second plate 4, as a thrust plate, is suitable for contacting the loading source, which can be one or more hydraulic jacks. Furthermore, the first plate 1 and the second plate 4 are spaced at a predetermined distance, the distance depending on the size of the cage 6 and rolling elements 5 to be arranged in between. The first plate 1 and the second plate 4 are not connected; they are only clamped together from both sides by thrust in the arranged state to ensure that they do not separate or fall off during free movement.

[0066] See also Figure 1 In this embodiment of the invention, the area of ​​the second plate 4 is larger than that of the first plate 1, meaning the thrust plate is larger than the load plate. This allows for free movement between the four edges of the first plate 1 and the four edges of the second plate 4. As shown in the figure, in the xyz three-dimensional coordinate system, the distances from the two sides of the first plate 1 to the boundary of the second plate 4 in the x-direction are a and c, respectively, and the distances from the two sides of the first plate 1 to the boundary of the second plate 4 in the y-direction are b and d, respectively. Thus, the travel distance of the first plate 1 relative to the second plate 4 in the x-direction is (a+c), and the travel distance in the y-direction is (b+d). Of course, the values ​​of a, b, c, and d are set according to the experimental requirements in the model test; simply selecting different sizes of the first plate 1 and the second plate 4 is sufficient.

[0067] like Figures 2 to 4 A retainer 6 is positioned between the first plate 1 and the second plate 4, and the retainer 6 has multiple pre-set rolling grooves 61. The rolling grooves 61 can be circular recesses. Multiple rolling elements 5, for example, are steel balls, slightly smaller than the circular recesses, arranged one-to-one within the rolling grooves 61 and able to roll freely. The retainer 6 holds the rolling elements 5, clamping them between the first plate 1 and the second plate 4. The rolling elements 5 contact the inner surfaces of the first plate 1 and the second plate 4 on both sides. Because the rolling elements 5 can roll freely within the rolling grooves 61, the loaded object can move freely with the first plate 1 (load plate) when loaded. Furthermore, due to the free rolling of the rolling elements 5, the loaded object moves freely relative to the second plate 4 in a plane perpendicular to the loading direction along the first and second directions. It is easy to understand that the loading direction is the direction perpendicular to the second plate 4 (thrust plate). Figure 1In the z-direction, the first and second directions are also the x and y directions. This means that the loaded object can simultaneously perform bidirectional free movement in both the x and y directions during the loading process when a load is applied in the z-direction. For example, this can simulate the bidirectional planar movement of a rock block carrying a large heavy load, and it can also easily apply heavy loads. It is easy to understand that since the rolling body 5 rolls freely within the rolling groove 61, the loaded object not only performs bidirectional free movement in the x and y directions, but can actually perform free movement in any direction within the plane formed by the x and y directions, ensuring the range of planar movement of the loaded object under heavy load (multi-degree-of-freedom).

[0068] In this embodiment of the invention, the rolling grooves 61 are arranged in a matrix on the cage 6 in multiple rows and columns, such as 4×4, 6×6, 8×8, etc., specifically set according to the loading requirements. This makes the cage 6 structure regular, easy to process and manufacture, and easy to arrange and use on site. By arranging a sufficient number of rolling elements in an array, it is possible to ensure that high loads are applied to both sides of the bearing without damage.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, the cage 6 can be a single-layer plate structure with multiple rolling grooves formed on the single-layer plate. For example, a predetermined number and size of circular grooves are pre-cut on a steel plate. In this case, the diameter of the circular grooves should be slightly larger than the diameter of the steel ball, so that the steel ball can be embedded in them and roll freely. The single-layer plate structure of the cage is easy to process and manufacture, and the circular rolling grooves are easy to form on it. The rolling elements are also easy to install.

[0070] In another embodiment of this utility model, see Figures 3 to 5 The cage 6 adopts a double-layer plate structure, that is, two steel plates are used as the first retaining plate 62 and the second retaining plate 63 respectively. Multiple converging semicircular grooves are formed on both the first retaining plate 62 and the second retaining plate 63. These converging semicircular grooves have a diameter that gradually decreases from the direction closest to the plate to the direction furthest from the plate. Thus, when the first retaining plate 62 and the second retaining plate 63 are fastened together, the resulting rolling groove 61 is larger inside and smaller at both ends, which can firmly embed and hold the steel ball within it, preventing it from falling out during rolling. It should be noted that in this case, the steel ball must be placed in the converging semicircular groove beforehand, and then the two retaining plates must be fastened and fixed.

[0071] In this embodiment of the utility model, in order to securely fasten and fix the first retaining plate 62 and the second retaining plate 63, a plurality of anchoring holes 64 are pre-set on the first retaining plate 62 and the second retaining plate 63 respectively. The first retaining plate 62 and the second retaining plate 63 are interlocked and anchored by rivets 7, so that the upper and lower retaining plates are more firmly fastened and are less likely to misalign or separate during loading and following motion. Figure 4 , Figure 5The anchoring hole 64 is opened in the blank area between the adjacent semi-circular grooves on the first retaining plate 62 and the second retaining plate 63, so as not to affect the formation of the rolling groove.

[0072] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment of the invention, a cage baffle 2 is fixed to at least two opposite edges of the first plate 1. The cage baffle 2 forms a stop structure at at least two opposite edges of the first plate 1, thus limiting the movement of the cage 6 and the rolling elements 5 (steel balls) with the load plate (first plate 1). This prevents the cage 6 and the rolling elements 5 (steel balls) from not following the first plate 1 during free movement, and also prevents the cage 6 and the rolling elements 5 from "overstepping" during free movement, i.e., avoiding the cage 6 from detaching due to excessive travel. Of course, the cage baffle 2 can also be provided on all four sides of the first plate 1.

[0073] Combination Figure 3 In this embodiment of the utility model, the retainer baffle 2 is designed as an "L" shaped structure, or an inverted L-shaped structure. The "L" shaped structure is easy to install on the edge of the first plate 1, and after installation, it can easily form an effective stop for the retainer 6, blocking the side edge of the retainer 6, and its top can be further engaged with the upper edge of the retainer 6, restricting the retainer 6 to a predetermined range of motion.

[0074] Furthermore, a preset gap S is provided between the L-shaped structure (or inverted L-shaped structure) and the side and top edges of the cage 6 to allow slight sliding within the cage baffle 2 when the cage 6 is under force. This ensures that the rolling element 5 (steel ball) and the cage 6 will not get stuck. When the rolling element 5 (steel ball) cannot roll smoothly due to friction, manufacturing defects, errors, etc., slight sliding of the cage 6 will be very necessary.

[0075] See also Figure 2 In this embodiment of the utility model, in order to fix the retainer baffle 2 to the first plate 1, the two can be integrally formed. However, it is preferable that screw holes are provided on the retainer baffle 2 and screw holes are provided on at least two opposite edges of the first plate 1. The retainer baffle 2 is fixed to the first plate 1 by fastening screws 3. This reduces the difficulty of processing and manufacturing each component and facilitates installation, disassembly and replacement. It can be flexibly set according to the rolling elements of different sizes and loading requirements, and also avoids the errors caused by integral forming.

[0076] like Figure 6 As shown, the high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing provided by this utility model is particularly suitable for large rock block model tests, especially for large rock blocks carrying heavy loads. Figure 6The diagram shows the optimal operating condition of a high-load, two-way planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing. During use, it can be placed vertically in a model test chamber as shown in the diagram. The model test chamber has an outer frame. The first plate 1 is located inside the model test chamber and acts as a load plate, contacting the loaded object. The second plate 4 is located outside and acts as a thrust plate, contacting the loading source, such as a jack. During the test, loading pressure is applied from the outside to the inside. The loading pressure is concentrated or uniformly applied to the thrust plate (second plate 4) from the right side, and further applied to the load plate (first plate 1) via the rolling elements 5 (steel balls). With the help of the array of multiple rows and columns of rolling elements 5 (steel balls), high loads, such as at least 500kN, can be applied to both sides of the bearing. At the same time, under this high load, the loaded object can also move freely in any direction with the load plate (first plate 1). This arbitrary direction includes at least the up and down movement shown in the figure, as well as the inward and outward movement in the direction perpendicular to the paper. In this way, it can at least simulate the bidirectional planar movement of a rock block with a large heavy load, as well as the planar movement in any direction, ensuring the multi-degree-of-freedom planar movement of the loaded object under heavy load, expanding the movement range of the loaded object under heavy load, and meeting the requirements of this type of model test.

[0077] As described above, the high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing system provided by this invention achieves free movement in any direction within a plane by means of rolling elements (steel balls) rolling on a thrust plate (second plate), controlling the planar motion of the load-bearing object. The number of rolling elements is controlled by changing the cage size, and the rolling elements are also constrained. The cage and rolling elements (steel balls) can also be mounted on a load plate (first plate) via cage baffles. The equipment can adapt to different transport device designs and can meet the planar motion requirements of different loads by changing the number of rolling elements. The equipment can adapt to different stroke designs and can meet the requirements of different strokes by changing the thrust plate size, thus meeting the needs of large-scale model tests.

[0078] While several specific implementation details are included in the foregoing discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

[0079] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical applications, or technical improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-load bidirectional planar multi-degree-of-freedom bearing for heavy-load large rock mass model test, characterized in that, include: A first plate and a second plate are arranged opposite to each other, wherein the first plate serves as a load plate adapted to abut against the loaded object, and the second plate serves as a thrust plate adapted to abut against the loading source, and the first plate and the second plate are spaced apart by a preset distance and are not connected; A retainer is disposed between the first plate and the second plate, and the retainer has a plurality of pre-set rolling grooves; Rolling elements, a plurality of which are arranged one-to-one within a plurality of rolling grooves to be held by the cage, abut against the surfaces of the first plate and the second plate on both sides respectively and are able to roll freely within the rolling grooves, so that the loaded object can move freely relative to the second plate in a plane perpendicular to the loading direction along a first direction and a second direction; and The first plate is fixed with retainer baffles at at least two opposite edges, the retainer baffles being used to prevent the first plate from detaching from the retainer during free movement.

2. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of claim 1, wherein, The area of ​​the second plate is larger than that of the first plate, so that there is free space for the first plate to move between its four edges and the four edges of the second plate.

3. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of claim 1, wherein, The rolling groove is a circular groove, and the rolling element is a steel ball, which is embedded in the circular groove.

4. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of claim 1, wherein, The cage is a single-layer plate structure, and multiple rolling grooves are formed on the single-layer plate.

5. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of claim 1, wherein, The retainer has a double-layer plate structure, which is formed by the fastening of a first retaining plate and a second retaining plate. Both the first retaining plate and the second retaining plate have multiple constricted semi-circular grooves, and two corresponding constricted semi-circular grooves fasten together to form a rolling groove.

6. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of claim 5, wherein, The first retaining plate and the second retaining plate are respectively provided with multiple anchoring holes, which are interlocked and fixed by rivets.

7. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of claim 1, wherein, The cage baffle has an "U" shaped structure, and its top is engaged with the upper edge of the cage.

8. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of claim 7, wherein, The side of the '-shaped structure has screw holes, and at least two opposite edges of the first plate have corresponding screw holes. The retainer baffle is fixed to the first plate by fastening screws.

9. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of claim 7, wherein, The side plates and top of the "shaped" structure are all provided with a preset gap S from the side edges and top edges of the cage, so as to allow the cage to slide slightly within the cage baffle when under force.

10. The high load bi-directional planar multi-degree of freedom bearing of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The heavy load is above 500kN.

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