A lower limb structure of a crash test dummy

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lower limbs structure of dummy for blasting test, including shank assembly, the shank assembly is including with the knee joint connecting piece that links with knee assembly, with the ankle joint connecting piece that links with foot assembly and is located between the tibial skeleton of knee joint connecting piece and ankle joint connecting piece, be equipped with shank sensor group for gathering shank stress or / and movement data on tibial skeleton skeleton, tibial skeleton vertical arrangement, and the first pivot center of knee joint connecting piece with second pivot center of ankle joint connecting piece all are located on the line of coincidence with the central axis of tibial skeleton. The lower limbs structure of the utility model ensures that the vertical impact force in the blasting test can be along the central axis of tibial skeleton skeleton high -efficient, directly transmit, and shank sensor group can accurately capture shank axial stress data, and at the same time meet the special working condition requirement that lower limbs keep the upright posture in the blasting test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of experimental dummies, and particularly relates to the lower limb structure of a dummy. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of human safety assessment involving explosive impact environments, blast testing is a core method for verifying the safety performance of protective equipment or vehicles. One of the core objectives of such tests is to accurately collect dynamic response parameters of the simulated human body under explosive loads, especially various biomechanical parameters of injury. These parameters are key indicators for assessing the degree of injury that a real human body may suffer and are also an important basis for optimizing protective design.

[0003] The Hybrid III dummy provides a good approximation of the kinematic behavior and force state of the human lower limbs in simulated car crash conditions. Its lower limb geometry, joint mobility characteristics, and overall dynamic response can provide important reference data for evaluating the force and kinematic impact of restraint systems on the occupant's lower limbs at the moment of impact. Currently, due to the lack of dedicated test dummies for blasting scenarios, the industry often uses the Hybrid III dummy for blasting tests. However, because the lower limb structure of the Hybrid III dummy is designed to simulate the state of driving a car, it cannot accurately collect test data under blasting conditions.

[0004] The key difference between blast tests and car crash tests lies in the fact that car crash tests often use lateral impact forces, while in some blast tests, the impact force is directed upwards. This vertical impact characteristic differs significantly from lateral collision scenarios. The lower limb structure of existing Hybrid III dummies is designed to simulate the posture of a passenger, with the knee supports and ankle components in the lower leg employing an angled design, causing the lower leg skeleton to tilt forward to more realistically recreate the leg posture of a person in a vehicle. This design presents difficulties in the specific conditions of blast tests that require simulating an upright lower leg posture, and it cannot effectively transmit vertical impact forces. This affects the dummy's sensitivity to lower leg movement trajectories and the accuracy of data acquisition during blast tests, making it difficult to meet the need for accurate assessment of the risk of lower limb injury under vertical impact. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the background art above, and to provide a lower limb structure of a dummy for blasting tests that is accurate in data acquisition and more closely resembles the impact response characteristics of the real human body under simulated blasting test conditions.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution proposed by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A lower limb structure for a dummy used in explosion tests includes a lower leg assembly. The lower leg assembly includes a knee joint connector connected to a knee assembly, an ankle joint connector connected to a foot assembly, and a tibial skeleton disposed between the knee joint connector and the ankle joint connector. The tibial skeleton is provided with a lower leg sensor group for collecting lower leg force and / or motion data. The tibial skeleton is vertically arranged, and the first pivot center of the knee joint connector and the second pivot center of the ankle joint connector are both located on a straight line coinciding with the central axis of the tibial skeleton.

[0008] In the lower limb structure of the aforementioned dummy used in the blast test, preferably, the tibial skeleton includes a tibial tube and an elastic component coaxially disposed at the end of the tibial tube. The tibial tube serves as a rigid main load-bearing structure, simulating the high-strength characteristics of the human tibia and ensuring efficient transmission of axial impact force. Since the human tibia undergoes a certain degree of elastic deformation when subjected to external force, the introduction of the elastic component simulates this elastic deformation characteristic, making the dummy's lower limb response to impact force in the blast test closer to that of a real human body, thereby making the data collected by the sensors more consistent with the response of a real human body.

[0009] In the lower limb structure of the aforementioned dummy used in the blast test, preferably, the lower leg sensor group includes a triaxial accelerometer of the lower leg located on the posterior side of the tibial canal. The triaxial accelerometer can simultaneously measure acceleration values ​​in three directions (front-back, left-right, and up-down), comprehensively capturing the impact acceleration information of the lower leg during the blast test from all directions. This further enhances the sensitivity of the lower leg's motion trajectory and the accuracy of data acquisition, providing more comprehensive technical support for the dummy's leg motion analysis. Furthermore, its location on the posterior side of the tibial canal avoids signal interference from high-activity areas such as the ankle and knee joints due to joint movement, and its proximity to the main axis of lower leg movement allows for more accurate capture of acceleration changes in all directions (front-back, left-right, and up-down). Additionally, the relatively flat and stable skeletal and muscular structure in this area facilitates sensor fixation and installation, preventing slippage or loosening due to dummy movement or external impact.

[0010] In the lower limb structure of the aforementioned dummy used for blasting tests, preferably, the lower leg sensor group includes an upper tibial force sensor and a lower tibial force sensor coaxially disposed at the upper and lower ends of the tibial skeleton, respectively. This arrangement can comprehensively measure the transmission of blasting impact force at both ends of the lower leg, accurately capture the force on the lower leg, and, through the data from the upper and lower tibial force sensors, more accurately assess the force of blasting impact on the knee and ankle joints, respectively.

[0011] In the lower limb structure of the aforementioned dummy used in the blast test, preferably, the elastic component includes an upper connector connected to the upper tibial force sensor, a lower connector connected to the tibial tube, and a rubber sleeve sandwiched between the upper and lower connectors. A columnar member is fixed to the lower end of the upper connector, and the columnar member vertically and movably penetrates the lower connector. With this configuration, under vertical impact, the lower connector can move upwards along the columnar member within a certain range and compress the rubber sleeve. The entire elastic component provides greater flexibility to the lower leg skeleton, producing a movement similar to elastic deformation of bones, effectively improving the axial impact response characteristics of the lower leg, and making the dummy's leg behave more closely to a real human body when subjected to impact.

[0012] In the lower limb structure of the aforementioned dummy used in the explosion test, preferably, the knee joint connector includes a knee joint plate horizontally positioned above the upper tibial force sensor and knee joint connecting plates vertically positioned on the left and right sides of the knee joint plate; the ankle joint connector includes an ankle skeleton connected to the lower tibial force sensor and an ankle pivot inserted into the foot assembly, the ankle pivot being vertically ball-jointed below the ankle skeleton. The knee joint connector differs from existing designs with tilt angles. The knee joint plate is a flat plate, the vertical connecting plates are connected to the knee assembly via pivots, and its pivot center is strictly aligned with the tibial axis. The ankle joint connector, by vertically positioning the ankle pivot and inserting it into the foot assembly, ensures that its rotation center is precisely collinear with the tibial axis and the lower sensor, thus creating an uninterrupted vertical force transmission path for the entire lower leg. This not only improves the stability of joint movement but also optimizes the force transmission path, ensuring the accuracy and coordination of the movement process.

[0013] Preferably, the lower limb structure of the aforementioned dummy for blasting tests also includes a foot assembly, which comprises a horizontally positioned foot plate and a foot sensor array mounted on the foot plate. This configuration differs from existing sensorless foot structures, and the foot plate is designed to be angled and embedded into the skin. The horizontal foot plate eliminates the impact force distribution deviation caused by tilting, accurately transmitting the forces experienced by the foot during impact and compression. Furthermore, it better reflects the unique working condition of uniform foot contact with the test ground during blasting tests, more realistically reflecting the stress environment of the foot during blasting tests. By mounting the foot sensor array on the foot plate, multi-dimensional data such as pressure and impact force experienced by the foot during blasting tests can be collected, aiding in the study of how blast shock waves are transmitted through the ground to the foot, as well as the foot's reaction and damage characteristics under blast impact.

[0014] In the lower limb structure of the aforementioned dummy used for blasting tests, preferably, the foot sensor group includes a triaxial foot accelerometer located in the middle of the foot sole. This triaxial foot accelerometer can simultaneously measure foot acceleration values ​​in three directions (forward / backward, left / right, and up / down), comprehensively capturing the impact acceleration information of the foot in all directions during the blasting test. Furthermore, placing the triaxial foot accelerometer in the middle position allows for accurate capture of key force information on the foot under blasting impact, providing more valuable data for assessing the risk of foot injury.

[0015] In the lower limb structure of the aforementioned blast test dummy, preferably, the foot sensor group includes a heel acceleration sensor mounted on the foot sole plate for collecting vertical acceleration data, with the heel acceleration sensor located at the heel. The data collected by the heel acceleration sensor can directly reflect the degree of impact of the blasting force on the heel area, providing crucial data for designing targeted heel protection devices.

[0016] Preferably, the lower limb structure of the aforementioned dummy used in the blasting test further includes a knee assembly. The knee assembly comprises a knee frame and knee sliders located on both sides of the knee frame. A knee wire displacement sensor is located at the lower end of each knee slider for collecting data on knee slippage injury. This configuration effectively measures the slippage injury response parameters generated by the knee during force application, while ensuring precise movement of the dummy's joints. It can more accurately simulate the motion trajectory and flexibility of real joints in various movements. By placing the knee wire displacement sensor at the lower end of the knee slider, the displacement changes of the knee joint under blasting impact can be accurately measured. By monitoring the elongation or shortening of the wire in real time, accurate knee joint displacement data can be obtained, providing precise data support for the analysis of the dummy's knee motion characteristics.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0018] The lower limb structure of this invention ensures that the vertical impact force in the blast test can be efficiently and directly transmitted along the central axis of the tibial skeleton, forming a straight vertical force transmission path. This avoids force loss or directional deviation along the transmission path and eliminates local stress concentration caused by the inclined structure. It not only improves the stability of joint movement but also optimizes the force transmission path, significantly improving the sensitivity and realism of the dummy's lower limb movement response when subjected to vertical impact force. The lower leg sensor group can accurately capture the most critical axial force data of the lower leg, thereby better meeting the specific needs of assessing the risk of lower limb injury in the context of explosive impact. At the same time, it meets the special working condition requirement of maintaining an upright posture in the blast test. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower leg assembly and foot assembly in the embodiment.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the lower leg assembly structure in an embodiment.

[0022] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the elastic component structure in an embodiment.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the elastic component in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the ankle joint connector structure in an embodiment.

[0025] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the foot assembly structure in an embodiment.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the foot assembly in an embodiment.

[0027] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the knee assembly structure in an embodiment.

[0028] Legend

[0029] 1. Lower leg assembly; 11. Tibial skeleton; 111. Tibial canal; 112. Elastic component; 1121. Upper connector; 1122. Lower connector; 1123. Rubber sleeve; 1124. Columnar component; 11241. Limiting elongated hole; 12. Knee joint connector; 121. Knee joint plate; 122. Knee joint connecting piece; 123. First pivot center; 13. Ankle joint connector; 131. Ankle skeleton; 132. Ankle pivot; 133. Second pivot center; 14. Lower leg sensor Group; 141. Lower leg triaxial accelerometer; 142. Upper tibia force sensor; 143. Lower tibia force sensor; 15. Lower leg skin; 2. Knee assembly; 21. Knee frame; 22. Knee slider; 23. Knee cable displacement sensor; 24. Knee skin; 25. Knee embedded rubber; 3. Foot assembly; 31. Foot sole; 32. Foot sensor group; 321. Foot triaxial accelerometer; 322. Heel accelerometer; 33. Foot pad; 34. Foot skin. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, it will be described more comprehensively and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0031] It should be noted that when a component is described as being "fixed to, attached to, connected to or connected to" another component, it can be directly fixed to, attached to, connected to or connected to the other component, or it can be indirectly fixed to, attached to, connected to or connected to the other component through other intermediate connectors.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0034] Example:

[0035] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the lower limb structure of the dummy used in the explosion test in this embodiment includes a lower leg assembly 1. The lower leg assembly 1 includes a knee joint connector 12 connected to a knee assembly 2, an ankle joint connector 13 connected to a foot assembly 3, and a tibial skeleton 11 disposed between the knee joint connector 12 and the ankle joint connector 13. The tibial skeleton 11 is provided with a lower leg sensor group 14 for collecting lower leg force and motion data. The tibial skeleton 11 is vertically arranged, and the first pivot center 123 of the knee joint connector 12 and the second pivot center 133 of the ankle joint connector 13 are both located on a straight line coinciding with the central axis of the tibial skeleton 11. The lower leg assembly 1 also includes lower leg skin 15 sleeved on the tibial skeleton 11.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the tibial skeleton 11 includes a tibial canal 111 and an elastic component 112 coaxially disposed at the upper end of the tibial canal 111. In other embodiments, the elastic component 112 may be coaxially disposed at the lower end of the tibial canal 111.

[0037] In this embodiment, the lower leg sensor group 14 includes a lower leg triaxial acceleration sensor 141 located on the posterior side of the tibial tube 111.

[0038] In this embodiment, the lower leg sensor group 14 includes an upper tibial force sensor 142 and a lower tibial force sensor 143, which are coaxially disposed at the upper and lower ends of the tibial skeleton 11, respectively.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the elastic component 112 includes an upper connector 1121 connected to the upper tibial force sensor 142, a lower connector 1122 connected to the tibial canal 111, and a rubber sleeve 1123 sandwiched between the upper connector 1121 and the lower connector 1122. A columnar member 1124 is fixedly provided at the lower end of the upper connector 1121, and the columnar member 1124 vertically and movably passes through the lower connector 1122. Specifically, the rubber sleeve 1123 and the lower connector 1122 are sleeved on the columnar member 1124, and the columnar member 1124 is provided with a limiting elongated hole 11241 that allows the lower connector 1122 to move upward and compress the rubber sleeve 1123.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the knee joint connector 12 includes a knee joint plate 121 horizontally disposed above the upper tibial force sensor 142, and knee joint connecting pieces 122 vertically disposed on the left and right sides of the knee joint plate 121; the ankle joint connector 13 includes an ankle skeleton 131 connected to the lower tibial force sensor 143, and an ankle pivot 132 inserted into the foot assembly 3, with the ankle pivot 132 vertically ball-jointed below the ankle skeleton 131.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, specifically, the ankle pivot 132 has a spherical body at its upper end, the ankle skeleton 131 has a groove below that fits the spherical body, the ankle skeleton 131 has a horizontal limiting hole on its front side, and the spherical body has a vertical limiting hole on its front side, so that the foot assembly 3 can move up, down, left and right at a certain angle through the ankle pivot 132.

[0042] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a foot assembly 3, which includes a horizontally arranged foot plate 31 and a foot sensor group 32 disposed on the foot plate 31.

[0043] In this embodiment, the foot sensor group 32 includes a foot triaxial acceleration sensor 321 located in the middle of the foot sole 31.

[0044] In this embodiment, the foot sensor group 32 includes a heel acceleration sensor 322 mounted on the foot sole plate 31 for collecting vertical acceleration data. The heel acceleration sensor 322 is located at the heel.

[0045] In this embodiment, the foot assembly 3 also includes foot skin 34, a foot plate 31 is horizontally disposed in the foot skin 34, a foot cylindrical connector that cooperates with the ankle pivot 132 is vertically disposed at the upper end of the foot plate 31, a foot pad 33 is attached to the lower end of the foot plate 31, and a heel acceleration sensor 322 is disposed on the rear side of the foot cylindrical connector.

[0046] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 8, it also includes a knee assembly 2, which includes a knee frame 21 and knee sliders 22 disposed on both sides of the knee frame 21. The lower end of the knee slider 22 is provided with a knee wire displacement sensor 23 for collecting knee slip injury data.

[0047] In this embodiment, the knee assembly 2 also includes knee skin 24 and knee embedded rubber 25 disposed between the knee skin 24 and the knee frame 21.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A lower limb structure for a dummy used in a blasting test, comprising a lower leg assembly (1), the lower leg assembly (1) including a knee joint connector (12) connected to a knee assembly (2), an ankle joint connector (13) connected to a foot assembly (3), and a tibial skeleton (11) disposed between the knee joint connector (12) and the ankle joint connector (13), wherein the tibial skeleton (11) is provided with a lower leg sensor group (14) for collecting lower leg force and / or motion data, characterized in that, The tibial skeleton (11) is vertically arranged, and the first pivot center (123) of the knee joint connector (12) and the second pivot center (133) of the ankle joint connector (13) are both located on a straight line that coincides with the central axis of the tibial skeleton (11).

2. The lower leg structure of the crash test dummy according to claim 1, characterized by The tibial skeleton (11) includes a tibial tube (111) and an elastic component (112) coaxially disposed at the end of the tibial tube (111).

3. The lower leg structure of the crash test dummy according to claim 2, characterized by The lower leg sensor group (14) includes a lower leg triaxial accelerometer (141) located on the posterior side of the tibial tube (111).

4. The lower leg structure of the mannequin for a blast test according to claim 2, characterized by, The lower leg sensor group (14) includes an upper tibial force sensor (142) and a lower tibial force sensor (143) respectively coaxially disposed at the upper and lower ends of the tibial skeleton (11).

5. The lower leg structure of the crash test dummy according to claim 4, wherein The elastic component (112) includes an upper connector (1121) connected to the upper tibial force sensor (142), a lower connector (1122) connected to the tibial tube (111), and a rubber sleeve (1123) sandwiched between the upper connector (1121) and the lower connector (1122). A columnar member (1124) is fixed at the lower end of the upper connector (1121), and the columnar member (1124) is movably inserted through the lower connector (1122) in a vertical direction.

6. The lower limb structure of the dummy for blasting tests according to claim 4, characterized in that, The knee joint connector (12) includes a knee joint plate (121) horizontally disposed above the upper tibial force sensor (142) and knee joint connecting pieces (122) vertically disposed on the left and right sides of the knee joint plate (121); the ankle joint connector (13) includes an ankle skeleton (131) connected to the lower tibial force sensor (143) and an ankle pivot (132) inserted into the foot assembly (3), the ankle pivot (132) being vertically ball-jointed below the ankle skeleton (131).

7. The lower leg structure of the crash test dummy according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a foot assembly (3), which includes a horizontally arranged foot plate (31) and a foot sensor group (32) disposed on the foot plate (31).

8. The lower leg structure of the crash test dummy according to claim 7, characterized by The foot sensor group (32) includes a foot triaxial accelerometer (321) located in the middle of the foot plate (31).

9. The lower leg structure of the crash test dummy according to claim 7, wherein The foot sensor group (32) includes a heel acceleration sensor (322) mounted on the foot plate (31) for collecting vertical acceleration data, and the heel acceleration sensor (322) is located at the heel.

10. The lower leg structure of the crash test dummy according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a knee assembly (2), which includes a knee frame (21) and knee sliders (22) located on both sides of the knee frame (21). The lower end of the knee slider (22) is provided with a knee wire displacement sensor (23) for collecting knee slip injury data.

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