Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

This application provides an antenna structure and electronic device, relating to the fields of wireless communication and antenna technology. The antenna structure includes a first metal layer, a substrate, and a second metal layer; a first conductive structure is provided between a first surface of the substrate and the first metal layer to form a first cavity between the first metal layer and the substrate; a second conductive structure is provided between a second surface of the substrate and the second metal layer to form a second cavity between the second metal layer and the substrate, the second surface being the surface opposite to the first surface; a feed line structure is disposed on the substrate and connected to a feed point disposed on the substrate, the first cavity and / or the second cavity serving as a resonant cavity for the feed line structure; a first opening is disposed on the first metal layer for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication and antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] As electronic devices become increasingly compact and sophisticated, the available area for camera trim has significantly decreased, becoming a major limiting factor affecting the layout of critical internal components. This is especially true for dual-band Wi-Fi antennas that traditionally utilize flexible printed circuitry, where camera trim typically requires substantial installation space. This mismatch between the structural space and the dimensions of the functional components makes it difficult to directly apply existing antenna solutions to the camera trim area. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0004] This application provides an antenna structure comprising: a first metal layer, a substrate, and a second metal layer; a first conductive structure is provided between a first surface of the substrate and the first metal layer to form a first cavity between the first metal layer and the substrate; a second conductive structure is provided between a second surface of the substrate and the second metal layer to form a second cavity between the second metal layer and the substrate, the second surface being the surface opposite to the first surface; a feed structure disposed on the substrate and connected to a feed point disposed on the substrate, the first cavity and / or the second cavity serving as a resonant cavity of the feed structure; and a first opening disposed on the first metal layer for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are connected through a third conductive structure, so that the first cavity and the second cavity are a single metal cavity.

[0006] In some embodiments, the substrate has a plurality of through holes, and each through hole has a conductive post to form a third conductive structure; the two ends of the conductive post are respectively connected to the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure, so that the first cavity and the second cavity are a metal cavity.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first conductive structure includes: a plurality of first elastic conductive elements surrounding a first surface of a substrate, one end of which is connected to the first surface of the substrate and the other end of which abuts against a first metal layer; the second conductive structure includes: a plurality of second elastic conductive elements surrounding a second surface of a substrate, one end of which is electrically connected to the second surface of the substrate and the other end of which abuts against a second metal layer.

[0008] In some embodiments, a metal shield is disposed between the substrate and the second conductive structure, and a second cavity is formed between the metal shield and the second surface of the substrate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first target edge and the second target edge enclose a target region of the substrate, and the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are both disposed on the first target edge to form a second opening at the second target edge for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

[0010] In some embodiments, an isolation layer is further included, disposed between the first metal layer and the substrate, and the isolation layer has clearance holes; the feed structure includes a first trace and a second trace:

[0011] The first trace is disposed on the substrate and connected to the power supply point; the second trace is connected at one end to the first trace and at the other end is bent through a clearance hole and extends to the side of the isolation layer away from the substrate.

[0012] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device, comprising: a metal back cover, a substrate, and a screen metal layer; a first conductive structure is provided between a first side of the substrate and the metal back cover to form a first cavity between the metal back cover and the substrate; a second conductive structure is provided between a second side of the substrate and the screen metal layer to form a second cavity between the screen metal layer and the substrate, the second side being the side opposite to the first side; a feed line structure is disposed on the substrate and connected to a feed point disposed on the substrate, the first cavity and / or the second cavity serving as a resonant cavity of the feed line structure; and a first opening is disposed on the metal back cover for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

[0013] In some embodiments, the substrate has a target area, and a first target edge and a second target edge surround to form the target area of ​​the substrate. A first conductive structure and a second conductive structure are both disposed on the first target edge to form a second opening at the second target edge for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves. A screen glass cover is covered on the side of the screen metal layer away from the second cavity, and the screen glass cover has a display area corresponding to the screen metal layer and a non-display area surrounding the display area. At least a portion of the non-display area corresponds to the second opening for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

[0014] In some embodiments, it further includes: a middle frame disposed between the metal back cover and the substrate, and the middle frame is provided with a clearance hole; the feed line structure includes a first trace and a second trace: the first trace is disposed on the substrate and is connected to the feed point; the second trace has one end connected to the first trace, and the other end is bent through the clearance hole and extends to the side of the middle frame away from the substrate. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of exemplary embodiments of this application will become readily understood by reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of this application are illustrated by way of example and not limitation, with the same or corresponding reference numerals denoteing the same or corresponding parts, wherein:

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a prior art electronic device is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in this application is shown.

[0018] Figure 3 An exploded view schematically illustrates an antenna structure provided in this application;

[0019] Figure 4 A partial schematic diagram of an antenna structure provided in this application is shown schematically;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the first side of a substrate for an antenna structure provided in this application is shown.

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the second cavity of a substrate for an antenna structure provided in this application is shown.

[0022] Figure 7 A partial cross-sectional view of an electronic device provided in this application is schematically shown;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the overall efficiency simulation of an antenna structure provided in this application for Wi-Fi 2.4GHz is shown.

[0024] Figure 9 A schematic diagram illustrating the overall efficiency simulation of an antenna structure provided in this application for Wi-Fi 5GHz is shown.

[0025] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0026] 1. First metal layer; 2. Substrate; 21. First surface; 22. Second surface; 23. Target area; 231. First target edge; 232. Second target edge; 3. Second metal layer; 4. First conductive structure; 41. First elastic conductive element; 5. Second conductive structure; 51. Second elastic conductive element; 6. First cavity; 7. Second cavity; 8. Feed structure; 81. First trace; 82. Second trace; 9. Feed point; 10. First opening; 11. Third conductive structure; 12. Metal shield; 121. Connecting part; 13. Second opening; 14. Isolation layer; 141. Clearance hole; 15. Decorative part; 16. Electronic device; 161. Metal back cover; 162. Screen metal layer; 163. Screen glass cover; 164. Mid-frame; 17. Spring piece; 18. Weight reduction hole; 19. Wi-Fi antenna; A. First direction; B. Second direction; C. Substrate thickness direction. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0029] It should be noted that in the description of this specification, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model; the terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0031] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a dual-band Wi-Fi antenna 19 (2.4GHz + 5GHz) conventionally using flexible printed circuit (FPC) technology and bonded to the area of ​​the rear camera decoration of electronic devices typically requires at least approximately 420mm. 2 The installation space is limited. However, current electronic devices require smaller deco areas, making it difficult to arrange the aforementioned antennas. Therefore, as product designs become more compact, the conflict between structural space and the size of functional components becomes increasingly prominent. Traditional antenna solutions are no longer directly applicable due to space constraints, necessitating innovative optimizations in antenna design and layout to meet increasingly stringent product design requirements.

[0032] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0033] This application provides an antenna structure comprising: a first metal layer 1, a substrate 2, and a second metal layer 3; a first conductive structure 4 is provided between a first surface 21 of the substrate 2 and the first metal layer 1 to form a first cavity 6 between the first metal layer 1 and the substrate 2; a second conductive structure 5 is provided between a second surface 22 of the substrate 2 and the second metal layer 3 to form a second cavity 7 between the second metal layer 3 and the substrate 2, wherein the second surface 22 is the opposite surface to the first surface 21; a feed structure 8 is disposed on the substrate 2 and connected to a feed point 9 disposed on the substrate 2, wherein the first cavity 6 and / or the second cavity 7 serve as a resonant cavity for the feed structure 8; and a first opening 10 is disposed on the first metal layer 1 for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

[0034] In one possible scenario, as shown in Figure 3- Figure 4 As shown, this antenna structure can be applied to devices including, but not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, and laptops. The first metal layer 1 and the second metal layer 3 can be made of materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, or copper. The first metal layer 1 is stacked with the substrate 2 and the second metal layer 3, and a first conductive structure 4 is provided between the first metal layer 1 and the substrate 2. The first conductive structure 4 may include multiple first elastic conductive elements 41, which are spaced apart and surround the first surface 21 of the substrate 2. The shape of the multiple first elastic conductive elements 41 can be arbitrary, such as rectangular or circular. One end of each first elastic conductive element 41 can be welded to the first surface 21 of the substrate 2, and the other end abuts against the first metal layer 1. The first elastic conductive element 41 includes, but is not limited to, springs, conductive foam, etc. By providing the first elastic conductive element 41 between the first metal layer 1 and the substrate 2, a first cavity 6 is formed between the first metal layer 1 and the substrate 2. Simultaneously, the first elastic conductive element 41 serves as a grounding element.

[0035] A second conductive structure 5 is provided between the substrate 2 and the second metal layer 3. The second conductive structure 5 includes a plurality of second elastic conductive elements 51. The plurality of second elastic conductive elements 51 are spaced apart and surround the second surface 22 of the substrate 2. The shape of the plurality of second elastic conductive elements 51 can be arbitrary, such as rectangular, circular, etc. One end of the second elastic conductive element 51 can be electrically connected to the second surface 22 of the substrate 2 by welding, and the other end abuts against the second metal layer 3. The second elastic conductive element 51 includes, but is not limited to, spring sheet 17, conductive foam, etc. By providing the second elastic conductive element 51 between the second metal layer 3 and the substrate 2, a second cavity 7 is formed between the second metal layer 3 and the substrate 2. At the same time, the second elastic conductive element 51 serves as grounding. The first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 can be opposite each other along the thickness direction of the substrate 2, that is, the orthographic projection of the first cavity 6 along the thickness direction of the substrate 2 onto the second cavity 7 coincides with the orthographic projection of the second cavity 7 along the thickness direction of the substrate 2 onto the first cavity 6.

[0036] The substrate 2, which can be a circuit board, serves as the core support platform and electrical connection hub for the entire antenna structure. The substrate 2 not only provides physical support but also provides conductive connection paths between the feed structure 8, the feed point 9, the first metal layer 1, and the second metal layer 3. The feed structure 8 is disposed on the substrate 2, and the feed point 9 is the connection point between the feed structure 8 and the RF chip, which is used to transmit and receive RF signals. The feed structure 8 can be an antenna trace integrated on the substrate 2, either embedded or printed on it, connected to the feed point 9 on the substrate 2, and radiates the signal transmitted by the RF chip to the first cavity 6 or the second cavity 7, or simultaneously to both cavities, forming electromagnetic resonance within the cavity, thereby achieving effective radiation of signals in a specified frequency band (such as 2.4GHz or 5GHz). Additionally, the first metal layer 1 has a first opening 10 for radiating the electromagnetic energy generated within the cavity. The shape of the first opening 10 can be any shape, such as a rectangle, a circle, an irregular polygon, etc., and the size of the opening can be any size, such as a circular opening of 186mm², 186mm... 2 Rectangular openings, etc.

[0037] In an FPC antenna, the entire FPC itself is the radiator and must be fully exposed through the opening in the device's metal casing. Therefore, the opening area of ​​the device's metal casing must be slightly larger than the area of ​​the FPC antenna (approximately 420 mm²). 2The antenna structure provided in this application uses a first metal layer 1, a substrate 2, a second metal layer 3, and a first conductive structure 4 and a second conductive structure 5 to form a first cavity 6 and a second cavity 7 under the first metal layer 1. The first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 under the first metal layer 1 replace the larger FPC antenna that would otherwise be exposed to an opening. In this antenna structure, the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 achieve energy storage and radiation through electromagnetic resonance in the vertical direction. The radiation source is the electromagnetic field within the cavity. The feed line structure 8 is integrated onto the substrate 2, and a first opening 10 for radiating electromagnetic waves is then provided on the first metal layer 1. That is, the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 do not need to be completely exposed to the first opening 10; only a small opening in the first metal layer 1 is needed to achieve effective radiation, thereby significantly reducing the required opening area in the area of ​​the camera decorative component 15.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5 are connected through the third conductive structure 11, so that the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 are a metal cavity.

[0039] In one possible case, such as Figures 4-5 As shown, to achieve conductivity between the first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5, thereby merging the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 into a single metal cavity, this conductivity can be achieved in the following way: Multiple through-holes are drilled on the substrate 2, and these through-holes are metallized to form metallized vias. The two ends of these vias can be connected to the first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5 respectively by welding, thus connecting the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7. This allows the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 to function as a single metal cavity, enabling more complex multimodal coupling, supporting more operating frequencies, and more easily exciting the desired resonant modes, thereby improving radiation efficiency. Here, the metal cavity refers to the metal cavity enclosed by the first metal layer 1, the first conductive structure 4, the second conductive structure 5, and the second metal layer 3. The dimensions of the metal cavity can be set according to the actual energy of the coupled electromagnetic waves. For example, the length of the metal cavity along the first direction A can range from 38mm to 44mm, the width along the second direction B can range from 18mm to 24mm, and the height along the substrate thickness direction C can be set according to the thickness requirements of the electronic device 16. The dimensions of the metal cavity, including its length, width, and height, can be adjusted to suit specific needs.

[0040] In some embodiments, the substrate 2 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and each through hole is provided with a conductive post to form a third conductive structure 11; the two ends of the conductive post are respectively connected to the first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5, so that the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 are a metal cavity.

[0041] In one possible case, such as Figure 5As shown, multiple through holes can be formed on the substrate 2, and each through hole is equipped with a conductive post to form a third conductive structure 11. The conductive post can be made of copper, silver, or other highly conductive materials. It is inserted into the through hole and fixed by welding or conductive adhesive. The two ends of the conductive post can be connected to the first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5 by welding, respectively, to conduct electricity between the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7, thereby making the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 a metal cavity. Here, the metal cavity refers to the metal cavity formed by the first metal layer 1, the first conductive structure 4, the second conductive structure 5, and the second metal layer 3. In this embodiment, the first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5 are connected by multiple conductive posts so that the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 can be a metal cavity. The quasi-continuous boundary formed by the multiple conductive posts can uniformly distribute the current across the entire boundary, avoiding local field overload and improving radiation efficiency.

[0042] In some embodiments, a metal shield 12 is disposed between the substrate 2 and the second conductive structure 5, and a second cavity 7 is formed between the metal shield 12 and the second surface 22 of the substrate 2.

[0043] In one possible case, such as Figure 6 As shown, a second cavity 7 can be formed by enclosing the substrate 2 with a metal shield 12 disposed between the substrate 2 and the second conductive structure 5. The metal shield 12 has connecting portions 121 on its periphery that connect to the substrate 2. These connecting portions 121 support the substrate 2, creating a gap between the top of the metal shield 12 and the substrate 2, thus forming the second cavity 7. The connecting portions 121 can be support legs formed by bending the edge of the metal shield 12 downwards, or welding pillars welded to the top edge of the metal shield 12. The size of the second cavity 7 can be adjusted by controlling the height of the connecting portions 121, thereby adjusting its resonant frequency. The metal shield 12 can be made of a high-conductivity material, including but not limited to copper, aluminum, stainless steel, and silver-plated copper. The second cavity 7 formed between the top of the metal shield 12 and the substrate 2 supports electromagnetic wave resonance in a specific frequency band (e.g., 5GHz). Energy is fed from the substrate 2 through a feed line structure 8, thereby achieving efficient wireless signal transmission and reception. The second conductive structure 5 is disposed on the outside of the metal shield 12 and may include multiple elastic conductive elements (such as springs, conductive foam, etc.) to realize the electrical connection and mechanical fixation between the metal shield 12 and the second metal layer 3, and to ensure good grounding and sealing performance of the second cavity 7.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first target edge 231 and the second target edge 232 enclose and form a target region 23 of the substrate 2. The first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5 are both disposed on the first target edge 231 to form a second opening 13 at the second target edge 232 for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

[0045] In one possible case, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, target region 23 is a portion of substrate 2, corresponding to the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7. Target region 23 can be of any shape, such as rectangular, circular, or irregular. The edge of target region 23 is divided into a first target edge 231 and a second target edge 232, the lengths of which can be determined according to actual needs. For example, if target region 23 is rectangular, the first target edge 231 can occupy three sides of the rectangle, while the second target region 23 occupies only one side. The first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5 are both only disposed on the first target edge 231, so that the second target edge 232 serves as the location of the second opening 13. That is, the second target edge 232 is an open boundary without conductive connection, used for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves. The second opening 13 is located on one side of target region 23 and can be rectangular, square, or irregular in shape. This antenna structure supports multi-band operation (such as 2.4GHz and 5GHz), allowing the first opening 10 and the second opening 13 to be used as radiation or coupling paths separately or simultaneously in different modes. For example, in 2.4GHz mode, radiation is mainly achieved through the second opening 13; while in 5GHz mode, radiation can be achieved simultaneously through both the first opening 10 and the second opening 13 to enhance bandwidth and radiation efficiency. Figure 8 The figure shown is a simulation diagram of the overall efficiency of this antenna structure for Wi-Fi 2.4GHz. Figure 9 The figure shown is a simulation diagram of the overall Wi-Fi 5GHz efficiency of this antenna structure. In addition, to reduce the weight of the entire antenna structure, multiple weight-reduction holes 18 can be formed in the target area. The number and size of the weight-reduction holes 18 can be set according to actual needs. To prevent other conductive or metal components from affecting the electromagnetic waves within the metal cavity, the target area is a clear area, meaning that no wiring or other electronic components are installed within the target area.

[0046] In some embodiments, an isolation layer 14 is further included, disposed between the first metal layer 1 and the substrate 2, and the isolation layer 14 is provided with a clearance hole 141; the feed structure 8 includes a first trace 81 and a second trace 82: the first trace 81 is disposed on the substrate 2 and is connected to the feed point 9; the second trace 82 has one end connected to the first trace 81, and the other end is bent through the clearance hole 141 and extends to the side of the isolation layer 14 away from the substrate 2.

[0047] In one possible case, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7As shown, the isolation layer 14 provides physical and electrical isolation between the first metal layer 1 and the substrate 2 to prevent interference between different circuits. Its material can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ceramic substrate 2, etc. A clearance hole 141 is formed on the isolation layer 14, allowing one end of the second trace 82 to pass through the clearance hole 141 to the side of the isolation layer 14 facing away from the substrate 2. The shape of the clearance hole 141 can be arbitrary, such as rectangular or circular. The size of the clearance hole 141 is adapted to the cross-sectional area of ​​the second trace 82 to allow the second trace 82 to pass through the clearance hole 141. The feed structure 8 may include a first trace 81 and a second trace 82. The first trace 81 is disposed on the substrate 2 and connected to the feed point 9. It is used to radiate the radio frequency signal and the signal emitted by the radio frequency chip into the metal cavity, exciting electromagnetic resonance within the metal cavity, thereby achieving effective radiation of signals in a specified frequency band (such as 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz). The second trace 82 can be a flexible FPC. One end of it is pressed to the first trace 81 by a spring tab 17, and the other end is bent, passes through a clearance hole 141, and extends to the side of the isolation layer 14 facing away from the substrate 2. The extension portion of the second trace 82 to the side of the isolation layer 14 facing away from the substrate 2 corresponds to the first opening 10. The second trace 82 uses flexible FPC material. One end of it is pressed to the first trace 81 by a spring tab 17, and the other end is bent and extends through the clearance hole 141 of the isolation layer 14 to the side of the isolation layer 14 facing away from the substrate 2. This extension portion corresponds to the first opening 10. The second trace 82 not only realizes the cross-layer electrical connection from the substrate 2 to the top of the isolation layer 14, but also can directly excite the region of the first opening 10 to form electromagnetic resonance in high-frequency operating mode (such as 5GHz), improve the radiation efficiency in a specific direction, and support multi-band collaborative operation, thereby enhancing the flexibility and integration of the system.

[0048] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device 16, comprising: a metal back cover 161, a substrate 2, and a screen metal layer 162; a first conductive structure 4 is provided between a first surface 21 of the substrate 2 and the metal back cover 161 to form a first cavity 6 between the metal back cover 161 and the substrate 2; a second conductive structure 5 is provided between a second surface 22 of the substrate 2 and the screen metal layer 162 to form a second cavity 7 between the screen metal layer 162 and the substrate 2, wherein the second surface 22 is the opposite surface to the first surface 21; a feed line structure 8 is disposed on the substrate 2 and connected to a feed point 9 disposed on the substrate 2, wherein the first cavity 6 and / or the second cavity 7 serve as a resonant cavity for the feed line structure 8; and a first opening 10 is disposed on the metal back cover 161 for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

[0049] In one possible scenario, the electronic device 16 may include, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, etc. The metal back cover 161 may be the back cover of the electronic device 16 opposite to the display assembly. The material of the metal back cover 161 may be aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, copper, etc. The screen metal layer 162 is part of the display assembly of the electronic device 16, and may correspond to the display area of ​​the display screen assembly, serving as electromagnetic shielding and also participating in the electromagnetic resonance process of the second cavity 7. The material of the screen metal layer 162 may include, but is not limited to, indium tin oxide, silver nanowires, etc. The first opening 10 of the metal back cover 161 corresponds to the window area of ​​the decorative element 15. The electronic device 16 provided in this application embodiment uses a first metal layer 1, a substrate 2, a second metal layer 3, and a first conductive structure 4 and a second conductive structure 5 to form a first cavity 6 and a second cavity 7 under the first metal layer 1. The first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 under the first metal layer 1 replace the larger FPC antenna that needs to be exposed in the opening. In this antenna structure, the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 achieve energy storage and radiation through electromagnetic resonance in the vertical direction. The radiation source is the electromagnetic field within the cavity. The feed structure 8 is integrated onto the substrate 2, and then a first opening 10 for radiating electromagnetic waves is provided on the first metal layer 1. That is, the first cavity 6 and the second cavity 7 do not need to be completely exposed to the first opening 10. Effective radiation can be achieved by simply opening a small window on the first metal layer 1, thereby significantly reducing the opening area requirement in the area of ​​the camera decorative part 15.

[0050] In some embodiments, the substrate 2 has a target region 23, and a first target edge 231 and a second target edge 232 surround the target region 23 of the substrate 2. The first conductive structure 4 and the second conductive structure 5 are both disposed on the first target edge 231 to form a second opening 13 at the second target edge 232 for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves. The side of the screen metal layer 162 away from the second cavity 7 is covered with a screen glass cover plate 163, and the screen glass cover plate 163 has a display area corresponding to the screen metal layer 162 and a non-display area surrounding the display area. At least a portion of the non-display area corresponds to the second opening 13 for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

[0051] In one possible case, such as Figure 3As shown, the electronic device 16 also includes a screen glass cover 163, meaning the display assembly further includes a screen glass cover 163. The screen glass cover 163 includes a display area corresponding to the screen metal layer 162 and a non-display area surrounding the display area. Its material includes, but is not limited to, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, etc. The non-display area is used to shield internal circuits, driver ICs, flexible cables, and other components, and can be a black or dark-colored border. The second opening 13 is located at the second target edge 232 of the target area 23 of the substrate 2, without the first conductive junction and the second conductive structure 5. The non-display area of ​​the screen glass cover 163 at least partially corresponds to the second opening 13. Electromagnetic waves are emitted from the second cavity 7 through the second opening 13, penetrate the glass material of the non-display area, and ultimately radiate outwards. In addition, the propagation performance of electromagnetic waves can be further optimized by locally thinning, grooving, or coating the non-display area with a low dielectric constant material.

[0052] In some embodiments, the system further includes: a middle frame 164 disposed between the metal back cover 161 and the substrate 2, and the middle frame 164 having a clearance hole 141; the feed structure 8 includes a first trace 81 and a second trace 82: the first trace 81 is disposed on the substrate 2 and is connected to the feed point 9; the second trace 82 has one end connected to the first trace 81, and the other end is bent through the clearance hole 141 and extends to the side of the middle frame 164 away from the substrate 2.

[0053] In one possible case, such as Figure 4 , 7 As shown, the middle frame 164 is located between the metal back cover 161 and the substrate 2, and is used to provide physical and electrical isolation to prevent interference between different circuits. Its material can be polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramic substrate 2, etc. A clearance hole 141 is provided on the middle frame 164, allowing one end of the second trace 82 to pass through and wrap around to the side of the middle frame 164 away from the substrate 2. The shape of the clearance hole 141 can be arbitrary, such as rectangular, circular, etc. The size of the clearance hole 141 is adapted to the cross-sectional area of ​​the second trace 82 to allow the second trace 82 to pass through the clearance hole 141.

[0054] The feed structure 8 may include a first trace 81 and a second trace 82. The first trace 81 is disposed on the substrate 2 and connected to the feed point 9. It is used to radiate radio frequency signals and signals emitted by the radio frequency chip into the metal cavity, thereby exciting electromagnetic resonance in the metal cavity and achieving effective radiation of signals in a specified frequency band (such as 2.4GHz, 5GHz). The second trace 82 may be a flexible FPC. One end of it is pressed to the first trace 81 by a spring tab 17, and the other end is bent, passes through a clearance hole 141, and extends to the side of the middle frame 164 away from the substrate 2. The extension portion extending to the side of the middle frame 164 away from the substrate 2 corresponds to the first opening 10, so that electromagnetic waves in the metal cavity can be radiated outward through the opening. The second trace 82 is made of flexible FPC material. One end of it is pressed to the first trace 81 by a spring tab 17, and the other end is bent and extends to the side of the middle frame 164 away from the substrate 2 through a clearance hole 141. This extension portion corresponds to the first opening 10. The second trace 82 not only realizes the cross-layer electrical connection from the substrate 2 to the top of the middle frame 164, but also can directly excite the region of the first opening 10 to form electromagnetic resonance in high-frequency operating mode (such as 5GHz), improve radiation efficiency, and support multi-band collaborative operation, thereby enhancing the flexibility and integration of the system.

[0055] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by include: A first metal layer, a substrate, and a second metal layer; A first conductive structure is provided between the first surface of the substrate and the first metal layer to form a first cavity between the first metal layer and the substrate; A second conductive structure is provided between the second surface of the substrate and the second metal layer to form a second cavity between the second metal layer and the substrate, wherein the second surface is the opposite surface to the first surface; A feed line structure is disposed on the substrate and connected to a feed point disposed on the substrate, wherein the first cavity and / or the second cavity serve as the resonant cavity of the feed line structure; The first opening is disposed in the first metal layer for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are connected through a third conductive structure, so that the first cavity and the second cavity can be used as a metal cavity.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The substrate is provided with a plurality of through holes, and each through hole is provided with a conductive post to form the third conductive structure; The two ends of the conductive post are respectively connected to the first conductive structure and the second conductive structure, so that the first cavity and the second cavity form a metal cavity.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conductive structure includes: A plurality of first elastic conductive elements are disposed on the first surface of the substrate, with one end connected to the first surface of the substrate and the other end abutting against the first metal layer. The second conductive structure includes: A plurality of second elastic conductive elements are disposed on the second surface of the substrate, one end of which is electrically connected to the second surface of the substrate and the other end abuts against the second metal layer.

5. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, include: A metal shield is disposed between the substrate and the second conductive structure, and the second cavity is formed between the metal shield and the second surface of the substrate.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first target edge and the second target edge enclose the target area of ​​the substrate. The first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are both disposed at the first target edge to form a second opening at the second target edge for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

7. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, include An isolation layer is disposed between the first metal layer and the substrate, and the isolation layer is provided with clearance holes; The feeder structure includes a first trace and a second trace: The first trace is disposed on the substrate and is connected to the power supply point; The second trace has one end connected to the first trace, and the other end is bent through the clearance hole and extends to the side of the isolation layer opposite to the substrate.

8. An electronic device, comprising: include: Metal back cover, substrate, and screen metal layer; A first conductive structure is provided between the first surface of the substrate and the metal back cover to form a first cavity between the metal back cover and the substrate; A second conductive structure is provided between the second side of the substrate and the screen metal layer to form a second cavity between the screen metal layer and the substrate. The second side is the side opposite to the first side. A feed line structure is disposed on the substrate and connected to a feed point disposed on the substrate, wherein the first cavity and / or the second cavity serve as the resonant cavity of the feed line structure; The first opening is located in the metal rear shell and is used to radiate or couple electromagnetic waves.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The substrate has a target area, and a first target edge and a second target edge surround the target area of ​​the substrate. The first conductive structure and the second conductive structure are both disposed at the first target edge to form a second opening at the second target edge for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves. The side of the screen metal layer away from the second cavity is covered with a screen glass cover plate, and the screen glass cover plate has a display area corresponding to the screen metal layer and a non-display area surrounding the display area; At least a portion of the non-display area corresponds to the second opening for radiating or coupling electromagnetic waves.

10. The electronic device of claim 8, wherein, Also includes: A middle frame is disposed between the metal rear shell and the substrate, and the middle frame is provided with clearance holes; The feeder structure includes a first trace and a second trace: The first trace is disposed on the substrate and is connected to the power supply point; The second trace has one end connected to the first trace, and the other end is bent through the clearance hole and extends to the side of the middle frame away from the substrate.

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