Bridge seismic support

Abstract

This utility model discloses a bridge vibration damping bearing, including an installation assembly for connecting to a bridge or other object, comprising a lower support plate and an upper support plate. This utility model constructs a graded vibration damping system of "flexible buffer + rigid damping" through the synergistic design of rubber columns and vibration damping components. Specifically, the rubber columns preferentially absorb minor vibrations of the bridge structure using elastic deformation, avoiding insufficient energy dissipation due to premature intervention of rigid components. When encountering strong vibrations, the springs and dampers in the vibration damping components work together to dissipate high-energy vibration energy through elastic deformation and fluid damping effects. This design overcomes the limitations of traditional single vibration damping mechanisms, solving the failure risk of rubber bearings under strong vibrations and compensating for the insufficient absorption of minor vibrations by rigid dampers. It achieves efficient tiered treatment of vibrations of different intensities, significantly improving the safety and durability of bridge structures under complex working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the fields of mechanical engineering and bridge engineering technology, and in particular to a bridge vibration damping bearing. Background Technology

[0002] In bridge engineering, vibration damping bearings are key components ensuring the structural safety of bridges. Their core function is to absorb and dissipate vibration energy, reducing the impact of external loads (such as vehicle traffic and seismic forces) on the bridge structure. Existing technologies commonly include rubber bearings, spring dampers, and dampers. Rubber bearings absorb low-frequency vibrations through elastic deformation, are simple in structure, and have low cost. Spring dampers, combined with damping media, can buffer medium- and high-frequency vibrations. Hydraulic or pneumatic dampers dissipate high-energy vibration energy through fluid damping effects. These technologies can all provide some vibration damping under different working conditions, but with the increase in bridge span and the complexity of traffic loads, higher requirements are placed on the graded vibration damping capacity, structural stability, and adjustability of vibration damping bearings.

[0003] However, existing bridge vibration damping bearings generally have significant drawbacks: on the one hand, a single damping mechanism is insufficient to handle vibration loads of varying intensities. For example, rubber bearings are prone to plastic deformation and failure under strong vibrations, while rigid dampers are ineffective at absorbing minor vibrations, creating damping blind spots. On the other hand, the stiffness parameters of traditional damping structures are fixed, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the damping force according to actual working conditions. Furthermore, the connection methods of support components often rely on single-point fixing, which can easily lead to loosening or stress concentration under long-term vibration, resulting in a decrease in the overall stability of the bearing. In addition, existing technologies lack a graded damping design that combines flexible buffering with rigid damping, making it difficult to achieve efficient stratified dissipation of vibration energy while ensuring structural safety. Therefore, a new type of bridge vibration damping bearing that combines adaptability and reliability is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose a bridge vibration damping bearing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A bridge vibration damping bearing includes an installation assembly for connecting to a bridge or other object, comprising a lower support plate and an upper support plate, the lower support plate and the upper support plate having the same structure and being symmetrically arranged, the lower support plate including a plate body with a rectangular structure and installation holes at the four corners of the plate body; rubber columns for absorbing minor vibrations, fixed at the middle position between the lower support plate and the upper support plate; and a vibration damping assembly for absorbing strong vibrations, fixed between the lower support plate and the upper support plate.

[0007] Preferably, the lower support plate has fixed feet at the four corners of its top.

[0008] Preferably, the lower support plate further includes a fixing ring, which is fixedly disposed at the center of the plate and sleeved on the outer wall of the rubber column.

[0009] Preferably, the vibration damping assembly includes a shock absorber, which includes a piston cylinder and a piston rod. The outer wall of the piston cylinder is provided with threads, and an internal thread knob is connected to the threads.

[0010] Preferably, a limit block is fixed at the top of the piston column of the shock absorber, and the damping assembly also includes a spring, which is movably sleeved on the shock absorber and located between the internal thread knob and the limit block.

[0011] Preferably, the piston cylinder of the shock absorber is fixed with a lower fixing lug at the bottom and the top of the limiting block is fixed with an upper fixing lug. Both the upper and lower fixing lugs are connected to the fixing feet of the lower or upper support plate.

[0012] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1. This utility model constructs a graded vibration reduction system of "flexible buffer + rigid damping" through the synergistic design of rubber columns and vibration damping components. Specifically, the rubber columns utilize elastic deformation to preferentially absorb minor vibrations of the bridge structure (such as low-frequency vibrations generated by normal vehicle traffic), avoiding insufficient energy dissipation due to premature intervention of rigid components. When encountering strong vibrations (such as seismic loads or heavy vehicle impacts), the springs and dampers in the vibration damping components work together to dissipate high-energy vibration energy through elastic deformation and fluid damping effects. This design overcomes the limitations of traditional single vibration reduction mechanisms, solving the failure risk of rubber bearings under strong vibrations and compensating for the insufficient absorption of minor vibrations by rigid dampers. It achieves efficient tiered treatment of vibrations of different intensities, significantly improving the safety and durability of bridge structures under complex working conditions.

[0014] 2. The internally threaded knob and spring preload structure in the vibration damping assembly enable the bearing to adjust the damping force according to actual working conditions. Rotating the internally threaded knob changes the spring compression, thereby adjusting the initial stiffness and damping force of the damper. This allows the bearing to adapt to complex scenarios such as changes in bridge span, fluctuations in traffic load, or differences in environmental vibration frequencies. For example, in heavy traffic sections, the spring preload can be increased to enhance rigid damping, while in high-frequency vibration environments, the preload can be decreased to enhance flexible buffering performance. This dynamically adjustable design overcomes the adaptability deficiencies of traditional fixed-stiffness vibration damping bearings, avoiding damping failure or over-design problems caused by changes in working conditions. It provides a more precise vibration control solution for bridge structures, effectively extending the bearing's service life and operational period.

[0015] 3. The mounting components employ a symmetrical upper and lower support plate structure, combined with a multi-point connection design of fixed feet, fixed rings, and fixed ears, constructing a high-strength, low-stress-concentration, stable support system. The lower and upper support plates are connected by bolts to the four corner fixed feet and fixed ears. Combined with the positioning constraint of the rubber column by the central fixed ring, the vibration load is evenly distributed to all components of the support, avoiding stress concentration and connection loosening problems caused by single-point fixing. Simultaneously, the symmetrical structural design allows the support to maintain a balanced force state when subjected to lateral, longitudinal, and vertical vibrations, significantly improving the fatigue resistance of the structure under long-term cyclic vibration. This design solves the stability degradation problem caused by insufficient connection reliability in traditional supports, and is particularly suitable for bridge projects in high-intensity earthquake zones or areas with high traffic volume, providing a solid structural guarantee for the long-term safe operation of the support. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration damping support structure;

[0017] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the lower support plate structure;

[0018] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the lower support plate structure;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration damping component structure;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shock absorber structure.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Lower support plate; 101. Plate body; 102. Mounting hole; 103. Fixing foot; 104. Fixing ring; 105. Anti-slip texture; 2. Upper support plate; 3. Rubber column; 4. Vibration damping assembly; 401. Shock absorber; 402. Spring; 403. Thread; 404. Internal thread knob; 405. Limiting block; 406. Lower fixing ear; 407. Upper fixing ear. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-5A bridge vibration damping bearing includes an installation assembly for connecting to a bridge or other object, comprising a lower support plate 1 and an upper support plate 2. The lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 2 have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. The lower support plate 1 includes a plate body 101, which has a rectangular structure and installation holes 102 at the four corners of the plate body 101; rubber columns 3, used to absorb minor vibrations, are fixed at the middle position between the lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 2; and vibration damping components 4, used to absorb strong vibrations, are fixed between the lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 2.

[0024] In this embodiment, the lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 2 of the mounting assembly have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. The mounting holes 102 at the four corners of the rectangular plates 101 of the two can be used to connect and fix them to the bridge or other objects, ensuring the stability of the support installation. The rubber column 3 in the middle position can absorb the slight vibration of the bridge and play a preliminary buffering role. The vibration damping component 4 located between the lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 2 is responsible for absorbing strong vibrations. The two work together to form a graded vibration damping system, which can effectively cope with vibrations of different intensities and improve the safety and reliability of the bridge structure.

[0025] In this utility model, fixing feet 103 are fixed at the four corners of the top of the plate 101 of the lower support plate 1.

[0026] In this embodiment, the fixing feet 103 fixed at the four corners of the top of the lower support plate 101 form four-corner bolt connection nodes with the fixing structures at corresponding positions of the upper support plate 2. Combined with the positioning constraint of the rubber column 3 by the central fixing ring 104, a multi-support balanced force system is constructed. This design evenly distributes the bridge vibration load to the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 1 through the fixing feet 103, avoiding stress concentration and fatigue fracture risks of connecting components caused by single-point fixing. Simultaneously, the symmetrical structure ensures the support maintains balanced force in a three-dimensional vibration environment. The fixing feet 103, together with the upper fixing ears 407 and lower fixing ears 406 of the vibration damping component 4, further strengthen the rigid connection between the support and the bridge structure, significantly improving the support's resistance to loosening and structural stability under long-term high-frequency vibration. This is particularly suitable for engineering applications in heavy-load traffic bridges or earthquake-prone areas.

[0027] In this utility model, the lower support plate 1 also includes a fixing ring 104, which is fixedly disposed at the center of the plate body 101 and is sleeved on the outer wall of the rubber column 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, a fixing ring 104 is fixedly installed at the center of the plate 101 of the lower support plate 1. Its inner wall is sleeved on the outer wall of the rubber column 3, which can accurately position and stably support the rubber column 3, ensuring that it works stably in the center position between the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 2, and avoiding displacement or tilting due to vibration. The fixing ring 104 and the fixing feet 103 at the four corners of the lower support plate 1 form a cooperative structure of "central constraint + four-corner support". When the rubber column 3 absorbs slight vibration, the load can be evenly transferred to the plate 101 of the lower support plate 1 through the fixing ring 104, and bidirectional force transmission can be achieved through the symmetrically arranged upper support plate 2. This design effectively enhances the overall torsional stiffness and structural balance of the support, reduces fatigue loss of the rubber column 3 due to uneven stress, and improves its working reliability in long-term vibration environment.

[0029] In this utility model, the vibration damping component 4 includes a shock absorber 401, which includes a piston cylinder and a piston rod. The outer wall of the piston cylinder is provided with a thread 403, and an internal thread knob 404 is connected to the thread 403.

[0030] In this embodiment, the damping assembly 4 includes a shock absorber 401 with a damping structure consisting of a piston cylinder and a piston rod. The thread 403 on the outer wall of the piston cylinder and the internal thread knob 404 form an adjustable connection mechanism. By rotating the internal thread knob 404, its position on the piston cylinder can be adjusted axially along the thread 403, thereby changing the compression of the spring 402 sleeved outside the shock absorber 401, achieving precise control over the initial stiffness and damping force of the shock absorber 401. This design allows the support to dynamically adjust the damping force according to the actual load on the bridge (such as light vehicle traffic or heavy truck crushing) and the environmental vibration frequency (such as high-frequency mechanical vibration or low-frequency seismic waves): when increased rigidity is required, tightening the internal thread knob 404 increases the preload of the spring 402; when flexible buffering is required, loosening the knob reduces the damping stiffness. This mechanically adjustable structure breaks through the limitations of traditional fixed-parameter shock absorbers, avoids the problems of "insufficient strength in strong earthquakes and excessive stiffness in weak earthquakes", significantly improves the adaptability of the bearing under complex working conditions, and provides a customizable vibration control solution for bridge structures.

[0031] In this utility model, the piston column top of the shock absorber 401 is fixed with a limiting block 405, and the damping assembly 4 also includes a spring 402, which is movably sleeved on the shock absorber 401 and located between the internal thread knob 404 and the limiting block 405.

[0032] In this embodiment, in the vibration damping assembly 4, the limiting block 405 fixed to the top of the piston column of the shock absorber 401 and the spring 402 movably sleeved outside the shock absorber 401 form an elastic limiting structure. The two ends of the spring 402 abut against the internal thread knob 404 and the limiting block 405, respectively. By rotating the internal thread knob 404 along the thread 403 on the outer wall of the piston cylinder of the shock absorber 401, the compression degree of the spring 402 can be adjusted, thereby changing the initial damping stiffness of the shock absorber 401. When the internal thread knob 404 is tightened, that is, when the internal thread knob 404 is rotated to be closer to the limiting block 405, the preload of the spring 402 increases, improving the rigid damping effect; when the internal thread knob 404 is loosened, that is, when the internal thread knob 404 is rotated to be farther away from the limiting block 405, the preload decreases, thereby enhancing the flexible buffering performance. Meanwhile, the limiting block 405 restricts the maximum compression stroke of the spring 402, preventing the piston rod from excessively retracting into the piston cylinder under strong vibration, which could lead to damping failure and thus forming an overload protection mechanism for the shock absorber 401. This design achieves stepless adjustment of the damping force and ensures operational reliability under extreme conditions through structural limiting, solving the problems of fixed parameters and insufficient overload resistance of traditional shock absorbers, and significantly improving the adaptability and safety of the support in complex vibration environments.

[0033] In this utility model, the bottom of the piston cylinder of the shock absorber 401 is fixed with a lower fixing ear 406, and the top of the limiting block 405 is fixed with an upper fixing ear 407. Both the upper fixing ear 407 and the lower fixing ear 406 are connected to the fixing feet 103 of the lower support plate 1 or the upper support plate 2.

[0034] In this embodiment, the lower fixing lug 406 at the bottom of the piston cylinder of the shock absorber 401 and the upper fixing lug 407 at the top of the limiting block 405 are respectively connected to the fixing feet 103 at the four corners of the lower support plate 1 and the upper support plate 2 by bolts, forming a rigid connection system of "double hinge points at the top and bottom + four corner supports". This design directly transmits the tensile and compressive loads borne by the shock absorber 401 to the fixing feet 103 of the support plate through the lower fixing lug 406 and the upper fixing lug 407, avoiding the eccentric force and structural deformation problems caused by traditional single-point connections. The symmetrical distribution of the lower fixing lug 406 and the upper fixing lug 407 enables the vibration damping component 4 to maintain force line alignment during lateral and longitudinal vibrations. Combined with the central positioning structure of the rubber column 3, it achieves three-dimensional uniform distribution of vibration load. This connection method significantly improves the connection stiffness and fatigue resistance between the shock absorber 401 and the support plate. Especially under high-frequency reciprocating vibration conditions, it can effectively reduce the risk of loosening of the connecting parts, ensure the long-term stable operation of the vibration damping component 4, and provide a reliable vibration dissipation path for the bridge structure.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A bridge vibration damping bearing, characterized in that, include: The mounting assembly for connection to a bridge or other object includes a lower support plate (1) and an upper support plate (2). The lower support plate (1) and the upper support plate (2) have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. The lower support plate (1) includes a plate body (101), which is a rectangular structure. Mounting holes (102) are provided at the four corners of the plate body (101). A rubber column (3) is used to absorb slight vibrations and is fixed at the middle position between the lower support plate (1) and the upper support plate (2); The vibration damping assembly (4) is used to absorb strong vibrations and is fixed between the lower support plate (1) and the upper support plate (2). The vibration damping assembly (4) includes a shock absorber (401). The shock absorber (401) includes a piston cylinder and a piston rod. The outer wall of the piston cylinder is provided with a thread (403). An internal thread knob (404) is connected to the thread (403).

2. A bridge vibration damping bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower support plate (1) has four fixed feet (103) at the top corners of the plate body (101).

3. A bridge vibration damping bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower support plate (1) also includes a fixing ring (104), which is fixedly disposed in the center of the plate body (101) and is sleeved on the outer wall of the rubber column (3).

4. A bridge vibration damping bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod of the shock absorber (401) is fixed with a limiting block (405). The damping assembly (4) also includes a spring (402), which is movably sleeved on the shock absorber (401) and located between the internal thread knob (404) and the limiting block (405).

5. A bridge vibration damping bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The piston cylinder of the shock absorber (401) is fixed with a lower fixing lug (406) at the bottom, and the top of the limiting block (405) is fixed with an upper fixing lug (407). Both the upper fixing lug (407) and the lower fixing lug (406) are connected to the fixing feet (103) of the lower support plate (1) or the upper support plate (2).

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