A study elevator model
By using a modular design and intelligent control system for the elevator model, the problems of static display, insufficient interactivity, and poor environmental adaptability of traditional elevator teaching models are solved. This achieves a dynamic teaching effect with high fidelity and low cost, and enhances students' practical ability and engineering cognition.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHANG JIA JIE BAI LONG LIFT TOUR DEV LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
AI Technical Summary
Traditional elevator teaching models suffer from problems such as static display, insufficient interactivity, low detail reproduction, and poor environmental adaptability. Dynamic models, on the other hand, are costly, bulky, and lack control precision.
An elevator model was designed, which includes multiple cars, a hoist, a traction system, a PLC control module, a human-machine interface, and a photoelectric encoder. It adopts a modular design, uses nylon fishing line instead of steel wire rope, and combines an intelligent control system to achieve high fidelity, low cost, and strong interactivity.
It enables dynamic display of elevator operation, improves teaching effectiveness, enhances students' practical skills and understanding of engineering facilities, reduces maintenance costs, and improves control precision.
Smart Images
Figure CN224472121U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of teaching aid technology, specifically relating to an elevator model for study tours. Background Technology
[0002] In the elevator field, traditional teaching models have the following limitations: 1. Static display: Most models are fixed structures, unable to dynamically demonstrate the equipment's operation, making it difficult for students to understand the mechanical transmission principles. 2. Insufficient interactivity: Lacking an operational interface, students cannot explore the equipment's working logic through practice. 3. Low detail reproduction: Ordinary models simplify key components (such as the traction system and control system), limiting teaching effectiveness. 4. Poor environmental adaptability: Model materials are prone to aging, leading to decreased accuracy after long-term use and high maintenance costs.
[0003] While some existing dynamic models can simulate equipment operation, they suffer from problems such as high cost, large size, and insufficient control precision. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a teaching model that combines high fidelity, low cost, and strong interactivity. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the problems in the background technology, this utility model proposes an elevator model for educational purposes, comprising: multiple cars; multiple hoists, with the multiple cars respectively arranged within the multiple hoists and sliding up and down on the hoists via guide rails; and a control system, which includes a traction system, a PLC control module, a human-machine interface, and a photoelectric encoder. The traction system is used to pull the cars, the PLC control module is used to control the rising and falling of the cars, and the human-machine interface displays the elevator model's operating parameters.
[0005] Optionally, the traction system includes: a traction main unit, a counterweight, a speed limiter, and a speed limiter rope tensioner pulley. The traction wire rope passes around the traction main unit, with one end supporting the car to form a first traction rope head, and the other end supporting the counterweight to form a second traction rope head. The speed limiter and the speed limiter rope tensioner pulley work together. One end of the compensating wire rope is connected to the bottom of the car, and the other end passes around the compensating rope pulley and is connected to the counterweight.
[0006] Alternatively, the tow rope can be made of nylon fishing line.
[0007] Optionally, the PLC control module is used to adjust the motor speed and direction, as well as simulate floor docking logic.
[0008] Optionally, a photoelectric encoder is used to provide feedback on floor positioning, and the photoelectric encoder feeds back the position signal to the PLC control module.
[0009] Optionally, the control system includes an electromagnetic brake mounted on a brake on the traction machine turntable.
[0010] Optionally, the elevator model includes: a linear light strip laid along the hoistway and controlled by a control system.
[0011] Optionally, the elevator model includes: an audio-visual synchronization system, a decibel meter, and an environmental simulation module, wherein the environmental simulation module includes linear light strips and the audio-visual synchronization system.
[0012] Optionally, the control system includes a shielded wire to prevent interference with the motor encoder signal.
[0013] Optionally, the elevator model includes a light curtain anti-pinch device installed on the door seam of the car.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The elevator model of this utility model, through the combination of mechanical structure, intelligent control and interactive functions, intuitively demonstrates the engineering principles and operating mechanism of the elevator. It is suitable for teaching scenarios in disciplines such as geography, architecture, and mechanical engineering, and aims to enhance students' understanding and practical ability of large-scale engineering facilities. Attached Figure Description
[0015] To facilitate understanding of this invention, it will be described in more detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. These drawings depict only typical embodiments of this invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.
[0016] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention from one angle.
[0017] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention from another angle.
[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the traction system of this utility model.
[0019] Figure Labels
[0020] 1-Car; 2-Derrick; 21-Frame; 22-Base; 3-Control system; 4-Traction system; 41-Traction main unit; 42-Counterweight; 43-Speed governor; 44-Speed governor rope tensioner pulley; 45-Compensation rope pulley. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the listed embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other, wherein the same components are indicated by the same reference numerals.
[0022] like Figure 1-2As shown, the research model for elevators of this utility model includes: a car 1, a hoist 2, and a control system 3. It adopts a modular design, facilitating transportation and assembly (assembly time ≤ 2 hours). The figure shows three elevators; more elevators can be installed as needed, all controlled by the same control system 3.
[0023] The car 1 is made of steel plate frame and glass. Preferably, a composite structure of 3mm steel plate and 2mm inorganic glass is used, and the size can be scaled down to 1:50 according to the actual size (actual car size 1400×2500×2800mm). The car assembly process is as follows: the steel plates are welded and then polished, and the glass parts are seamlessly bonded using UV adhesive.
[0024] The derrick 2 houses the car 1, which slides up and down within the guide rails of the derrick 2. The guide rails are preferably made of stainless steel (0.8mm). The derrick 2 includes a frame 21 and a base 22. The figure shows multiple derricks that can accommodate three cars 1. The derrick 2 is made of 3mm thick acrylic sheet, laser-cut, with a fluorocarbon coating (color code RAL 9006), improving weather resistance by 50%.
[0025] The control system 3 includes a traction system, which includes a motor, gear set, traction sheave, traction rope, and counterweight. Figure 3 One embodiment of the traction system 4 is shown. The traction system 4 includes a traction main unit 41, which is located in a machine room. A traction wire rope 45 passes around the traction main unit 41, with one end supporting the car to form a first traction rope head. The other end supports the counterweight 42 to form a second traction rope head. A speed limiter 43 and a speed limiter rope tensioner 44 work together. One end of a compensating wire rope is connected to the bottom of the car, and the other end passes around the compensating rope spool 45 and is connected to the counterweight 43.
[0026] The motor is preferably a 200W servo motor, positioned on both sides of the car and the counterweight to achieve smooth lifting. The motor drives the traction sheave via a gear set, and the traction rope pulls the car 1 and the counterweight in opposite directions to conform to the law of conservation of energy. The counterweight is used to offset the weight of the car 1, reducing the motor load and extending the equipment's lifespan. The module of this invention underwent speed stability testing: after 100 consecutive runs under no-load, half-load, and full-load conditions, the speed fluctuation was ≤ ±0.05m / s.
[0027] Preferably, the gear set is lubricated with silicone grease, which reduces the noise to 42dB.
[0028] Preferably, the traction rope is a nylon fishing line (1.0mm in diameter). Replacing the traditional steel wire rope with nylon fishing line reduces the cost by 70% while meeting the dynamic load requirements (maximum load 1.5kg).
[0029] Preferably, the weight of the guide counterweight has an error of ±5% to ensure operational stability.
[0030] Furthermore, the control system 3 also includes a PLC control module, a human-machine interface, and a photoelectric encoder.
[0031] The human-machine interface integrates a touchscreen control panel, supporting parameter settings and real-time display of operating data. The interface displays data such as speed, load, and energy consumption in real time. Users can manually adjust motor parameters (speed, acceleration) and operating parameters through the interface, observe car operation and data changes, and verify physical laws. Students can independently adjust the traction torque to verify the principle of "energy conversion."
[0032] The photoelectric encoder is used for floor positioning feedback. The photoelectric encoder (0.1mm resolution) feeds back the position signal to the PLC control module to ensure docking accuracy. The docking accuracy of this invention has been tested: after calibration of the photoelectric encoder, the average docking error of 10 docking tests is ≤±1.5mm.
[0033] The PLC control module incorporates a PID algorithm to adjust the motor speed and direction (adjustable from 0.5-1.6 m / s), achieving a car stopping error of ≤±2 mm. Additionally, the PLC control module accepts manual adjustment; when it receives input traction torque, it adjusts the motor speed and direction accordingly.
[0034] The PLC control module receives positioning feedback from the photoelectric encoder and supports floor call signals, motor direction / speed adjustment (adjustable from 0.5-1.6m / s), and fault self-diagnosis functions.
[0035] The PLC control module has a built-in PLC program that simulates floor docking logic (response time ≤ 1 second) and a fault code library (containing 16 common fault types). Teachers can manually trigger PLC fault codes (such as motor overload) to guide students in troubleshooting the cause.
[0036] Preferably, the control system 3 also includes a shielded wire, the function of which is to prevent interference with the motor encoder signal.
[0037] Preferably, the control system 3 also includes a light curtain anti-pinch device to prevent the elevator from trapping objects or passengers. Installed on the door seam of the car 1, the light curtain anti-pinch device uses infrared sensing with a sensing range of 0-100mm and a response time ≤0.1 seconds.
[0038] Preferably, the control system 3 further includes an emergency braking device, which includes an electromagnetic brake mounted on the brake on the traction machine turntable. The electromagnetic brake is triggered when the encoder determines that the car 1 is overspeeding by 15%, and the braking distance is ≤50mm.
[0039] Preferably, the control system 3 further includes an environmental simulation module, which comprises a linear light strip and an audio-visual synchronization system. The linear light strip is laid along the derrick and uses 35m LED light strips (color temperature 4000K) to simulate the nighttime lighting effect of a real elevator. Preferably, the control system 3 also includes an audio-visual synchronization system that broadcasts floor information via voice. Preferably, the control system 3 also includes a decibel meter to monitor operating noise (≤45dB) and display it on the human-machine interface.
[0040] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. The terms "in one embodiment," "in another embodiment," "in yet another embodiment," or "in still another embodiment" used in this specification all refer to one or more of the same or different embodiments according to this disclosure. Ordinary variations and substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this utility model's technical solution should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An elevator model for educational research, characterized in that, include: Multiple cars; Multiple derricks and multiple cars are respectively installed in multiple derricks and slide up and down on the derricks via guide rails; The control system includes a traction system, a PLC control module, a human-machine interface, and a photoelectric encoder. The traction system is used to pull the elevator car, the PLC control module is used to control the car's ascent and descent, and the human-machine interface displays the elevator model's operating parameters.
2. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction system includes: Traction main unit, counterweight, speed limiter, and speed limiter rope tensioner pulley. The traction wire rope passes around the traction host, with one end supporting the car to form the first traction rope head, and the other end supporting the counterweight to form the second traction rope head. The speed limiter and the speed limiter rope tensioner work together. One end of the compensating wire rope is connected to the bottom of the car, and the other end passes around the compensating rope pulley and is connected to the counterweight.
3. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The traction rope is a nylon fishing line.
4. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PLC control module is used to adjust the motor speed and direction, as well as simulate floor docking logic.
5. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photoelectric encoder is used to provide feedback on floor positioning, and the photoelectric encoder sends the position signal back to the PLC control module.
6. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes: An electromagnetic brake, which is mounted on the brake on the traction machine turntable.
7. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: The linear light strip is laid along the derrick and is controlled by the control system.
8. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: The system includes an audio-visual synchronization system, a decibel meter, and an environmental simulation module, wherein the environmental simulation module includes linear light strips and the audio-visual synchronization system.
9. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes: Shielded cable to avoid interference with motor encoder signals.
10. The elevator model according to claim 1, characterized in that, include: The light curtain anti-pinch device is installed on the door seam of the car.