Ecological seepage and composite anti-seepage system

Abstract

This utility model discloses an ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, including a base layer, a concrete protective grouting layer on top of the base layer, a drainage ditch structure at the bottom, a planting trough on the sloping surface that also serves as an ecological bank stabilization, and a concrete support enclosure on the outside. Below the inner planting trough are first and second gravel paving layers, with a guide trough underneath. The bottom of the trough connects to the lower water channel of the drainage ditch, and the top has supporting filter components. The drainage ditch has a garbage filter screen on top, and the bottom of the planting trough has a soil support mesh plate, along with supporting rods. The concrete protective grouting layer consists of lower and upper pouring layers, interspersed with a geomembrane layer. The gravel layer has particle sizes greater than 10mm and 5-8mm respectively, with an upper drainage channel connecting to the drainage ditch at the top and auxiliary filters of varying sizes at the ends. The supporting filter components include a support frame, a filter cloth cover, and a supporting mesh plate. The geomembrane layer is an HDPE membrane or a bentonite waterproof blanket. This system has good seepage prevention effect, stable structure, and can significantly reduce slope maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of seepage prevention technology, specifically to an ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy projects, ensuring the stability of critical areas such as riverbanks, dikes, and dam slopes is crucial. Protective engineering in these areas often employs various revetment structures or slope support systems as core components to maintain overall structural safety. However, traditional revetment or support systems commonly face water seepage problems, which are particularly prominent in areas like Dongting Lake, where water levels fluctuate significantly between high and low tides and geological conditions are complex. Continuous seepage not only easily leads to softening of the soil behind the structure and a decrease in bearing capacity, thus inducing slope instability or even landslides and collapses (threatening the safety of water conservancy projects), but may also raise the groundwater level at the dike foundation or reservoir area, exacerbating regional flood risks or reducing the effective storage capacity of the reservoir (seriously affecting water resource planning and flood control benefits). Furthermore, calcium crystallization caused by seepage, as well as the erosive effect of water flow on the main structure and foundation, accelerates material deterioration, significantly increasing the repair and maintenance costs throughout the project's life cycle.

[0003] To address the aforementioned seepage problem, existing technologies such as single waterproof membranes or centralized drainage holes have significant drawbacks in actual lake areas and water conservancy engineering environments: the waterproof layer is prone to failure due to uneven foundation settlement, material aging, or construction defects; and the drainage holes are easily blocked by silt, organisms, or debris in sandy nearshore areas such as Dongting Lake, making it difficult to guarantee their long-term seepage prevention and drainage effects, and failing to meet the stringent requirements of water conservancy and hydropower engineering planning for long-term structural safety, stability, and durability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system to solve the problems of structural instability, frost heave damage and high maintenance costs caused by seepage in traditional bank protection or support systems, and the failure of existing seepage prevention technologies for slopes with large water flow, such as rivers, due to material aging and debris blockage.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows: an ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, including a base layer, a concrete protective pouring layer on the top of the base layer, a drainage ditch structure at the bottom of the concrete protective pouring layer, a plurality of planting troughs on the inclined surface of the concrete protective pouring layer, and a concrete support enclosure formed in the area outside the plurality of planting troughs of the concrete protective pouring layer.

[0006] The concrete protective grouting layer has a first gravel paving layer and a second gravel paving layer located below the planting trough. The concrete protective grouting layer has several guide grooves located below the second gravel paving layer. The bottom of the guide grooves has a lower water guiding channel that communicates with the drainage ditch structure. The top of the guide grooves has a supporting filter element.

[0007] As a preferred solution for ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, the top of the drainage ditch structure is equipped with a garbage filter structure.

[0008] As a preferred solution for ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, the bottom of the planting trough is equipped with a soil support mesh.

[0009] The concrete protective pouring layer is provided with support rods at the top position of the first gravel paving layer, which are used in conjunction with the soil support mesh and the concrete support enclosure.

[0010] As a preferred solution for ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, the concrete protective pouring layer is divided into a lower pouring layer and an upper pouring layer, and a seepage prevention membrane layer is laid between the lower pouring layer and the upper pouring layer.

[0011] As a preferred option for ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, the gravel size of the first stone paving layer is greater than 10mm, and the gravel size of the second stone paving layer is 5mm-8mm.

[0012] As a preferred solution for the ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, the top of the concrete protective pouring layer is provided with several upper leakage channels that are connected to the drainage ditch structure; the end of the upper leakage channel is provided with a first auxiliary filter structure, and the end of the lower water guiding channel is provided with a second auxiliary filter structure, wherein the mesh diameter of the first auxiliary filter structure is smaller than the mesh diameter of the second auxiliary filter structure.

[0013] As a preferred solution for the ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, the supporting filter element includes a support frame body, a filter cloth cover layer is provided on the inner side of the support frame body, and a supporting mesh plate structure is provided on the upper and lower sides of the filter cloth cover layer on the inner side of the support frame body.

[0014] As a preferred option for ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, the seepage prevention membrane layer is composed of high-density polyethylene membrane or bentonite waterproof blanket.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting up a concrete support enclosure on the outside of the planting trough, the planting layer can be effectively prevented from flowing during heavy water erosion, thus enhancing structural stability; by setting up a first gravel layer and a second gravel layer with different particle sizes below the planting trough, water can be filtered in multiple layers, preventing soil erosion of the planting layer; a guide channel is set below the second gravel layer, which, together with the lower water guide channel connected to the drainage ditch structure at the bottom and the supporting filter at the top, can quickly guide water out, reducing seepage; the overall structural design is reasonable, effectively solving the problems of structural instability and frost heave damage caused by seepage in traditional bank protection or support systems, improving the seepage prevention effect and service life, and reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0017] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system proposed in this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system proposed in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system proposed in this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Base layer; 2. Concrete protective pouring layer; 3. Drainage ditch structure; 4. Garbage filter structure; 5. Concrete support enclosure; 6. Planting trough; 7. Soil support mesh; 8. Support rod; 9. First gravel paving layer; 10. Second gravel paving layer; 11. Guide channel; 12. Support filter element; 13. Upper drainage channel; 14. First auxiliary filter structure; 15. Lower water guiding channel; 16. Second auxiliary filter structure; 17. Lower pouring layer; 18. Upper pouring layer; 19. Impermeable membrane layer; 20. Main support frame; 21. Filter cloth cover layer; 22. Support mesh structure. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0024] Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, this utility model embodiment provides an ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, including a base layer 1, a concrete protective pouring layer 2 on the top of the base layer 1, a drainage ditch structure 3 at the bottom of the concrete protective pouring layer 2, a plurality of planting troughs 6 on the inclined surface of the concrete protective pouring layer 2, and a concrete support enclosure 5 formed in the area outside the plurality of planting troughs 6 of the concrete protective pouring layer 2.

[0025] Specifically, base layer 1 serves as the foundation structure, providing stable support for the entire structural system. A concrete protective layer 2 covers the top of base layer 1, forming the main protective structure. A drainage ditch structure 3 is located at the bottom of the concrete protective layer 2 to collect and drain seepage water. Planting troughs 6 are located on the sloping surface of the concrete protective layer 2 and can be used for planting vegetation, using the root system to stabilize the soil and enhance slope stability. Concrete support barriers 5 are located outside the planting troughs 6, effectively preventing the planting layer from shifting under water erosion and improving the structure's erosion resistance.

[0026] The concrete protective grouting layer 2 has a first gravel paving layer 9 and a second gravel paving layer 10 located below the planting trough 6. The concrete protective grouting layer 2 has several guide grooves 11 located below the second gravel paving layer 10. The bottom of the guide groove 11 has a lower water guiding channel 15 connected to the drainage ditch structure 3, and the top of the guide groove 11 has a supporting filter element 12.

[0027] Specifically, the first gravel layer 9 and the second gravel layer 10 use gravel of different sizes (gravel in the first gravel layer 9 is larger than 10mm, while gravel in the second gravel layer 10 is 5mm-8mm), forming a multi-layer filtration structure that can intercept silt and impurities in the water, reducing soil erosion. A guide channel 11 is located below the second gravel layer 10, guiding seepage water downwards. The lower water channel 15 directs the water in the guide channel 11 into the drainage ditch structure 3 for rapid drainage. A supporting filter element 12 is installed on top of the guide channel 11. Through the filter cloth cover 21 and the supporting mesh structure 22, it not only filters impurities in the water to prevent clogging of the channel but also supports the upper structure, ensuring the smooth operation of the water guiding system.

[0028] In this embodiment, a debris filter structure 4 is provided on the top of the drainage ditch structure 3. The debris filter structure 4 covers the top of the drainage ditch structure 3 and can intercept larger debris (such as fallen leaves, branches, etc.) in the water flow, preventing debris from entering the drainage ditch and clogging the channel, thus ensuring the drainage efficiency and long-term stability of the drainage ditch.

[0029] In this embodiment, a soil support mesh 7 is provided at the bottom of the planting trough 6; a support rod 8 is provided at the top of the first gravel paving layer 9 to cooperate with the soil support mesh 7 and the concrete support enclosure 5.

[0030] Specifically, the soil support mesh 7 is laid at the bottom of the planting trough 6 to support the soil inside the planting trough 6 and prevent the soil from collapsing due to gravity or water flow. The support rods 8 connect the soil support mesh 7 and the concrete support enclosure 5 to form a stable support system, further enhancing the overall structure of the planting trough 6 and preventing the planting layer from settling or deforming.

[0031] In this embodiment, the concrete protective pouring layer 2 is divided into a lower pouring layer 17 and an upper pouring layer 18, and an impermeable membrane layer 19 is laid between the lower pouring layer 17 and the upper pouring layer 18.

[0032] Specifically, the concrete protective pouring layer 2 adopts a double-layer pouring structure - a lower pouring layer 17 and an upper pouring layer 18, with an impermeable membrane layer 19 laid in between, such as a high-density polyethylene membrane or bentonite waterproof blanket. Through physical barrier effect, it effectively prevents water from penetrating to the base layer 1, fundamentally improving the impermeability of the project.

[0033] In this embodiment, the gravel size of the first stone paving layer 9 is greater than 10mm, and the gravel size of the second stone paving layer 10 is 5mm-8mm.

[0034] Specifically, gravel layers of different sizes form a graded filtration system. The first gravel layer 9 with larger particle size intercepts larger particles of impurities, while the second gravel layer 10 with smaller particle size further filters fine particles, achieving step-by-step purification of the water flow while ensuring water flow permeability and preventing water accumulation.

[0035] In this embodiment, the top of the concrete protective pouring layer 2 is provided with several upper water leakage channels 13 that are connected to the drainage ditch structure 3; the end of the upper water leakage channel 13 is provided with a first auxiliary filter structure 14, and the end of the lower water guiding channel 15 is provided with a second auxiliary filter structure 16. The mesh diameter of the first auxiliary filter structure 14 is smaller than the mesh diameter of the second auxiliary filter structure 16.

[0036] Specifically, the upper drainage channel 13 connects the top of the concrete protective pouring layer 2 and the drainage ditch structure 3, allowing water accumulated at the top to be quickly directed into the drainage ditch, reducing water retention in the planting trough 6 area. The first auxiliary filter structure 14 and the second auxiliary filter structure 16 are respectively located at the ends of the upper drainage channel 13 and the lower water guiding channel 15. The first auxiliary filter has a smaller mesh diameter, which can first intercept smaller particles of impurities, while the second auxiliary filter intercepts larger particles, forming a graded filtration system to prevent filter clogging and ensure the unobstructed flow of the water guiding channel.

[0037] In this embodiment, the filter support 12 includes a support frame body 20, a filter cloth cover 21 is provided inside the support frame body 20, and a support mesh structure 22 is provided on the upper and lower sides of the filter cloth cover 21 inside the support frame body 20.

[0038] Specifically, the support frame body 20 provides a frame structure for supporting the filter element 12, and the filter cloth cover 21 is wrapped inside the support frame to achieve fine filtration of the water flow. The support mesh plate structures 22 on the upper and lower sides are used to fix the filter cloth cover 21 to prevent it from deforming or breaking under the impact of water flow, while enhancing the overall strength of the support filter element 12 to ensure long-term stable operation.

[0039] In one possible embodiment, the geomembrane layer 19 is composed of a high-density polyethylene membrane or a bentonite waterproofing blanket.

[0040] Specifically, high-density polyethylene film has excellent chemical stability and impermeability, which can effectively block moisture; bentonite waterproof blanket expands when it comes into contact with water to form a dense waterproof layer. Both can form a reliable seepage barrier between the upper and lower pouring layers 17, preventing water penetration and improving the seepage prevention performance of the project.

[0041] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When water seeps into the planting trough 6, it first passes through the soil support mesh 7 at the bottom, then flows through the first gravel layer 9 (gravel size greater than 10mm) and the second gravel layer 10 (gravel size 5-8mm). These two layers of gravel with different particle sizes filter the water in multiple layers, intercepting impurities such as mud and sand. The filtered water enters the guide trough 11 below, and then is guided to the drainage ditch structure 3 through the lower water guide channel 15 connected to the drainage ditch structure 3 at the bottom of the guide trough 11. At the same time, the upper drainage channel 13 set on the top of the concrete protective grouting layer 2 can directly guide the accumulated water at the top into the drainage ditch structure 3, reducing the retention of water in the planting trough 6 area.

[0042] The debris filter structure 4 at the top of the drainage ditch structure 3 can intercept larger debris in the water flow, preventing it from entering the drainage ditch and causing blockage. The supporting filter element 12 at the top of the guide channel 11 consists of a support frame body 20, an inner filter cloth cover layer 21, and upper and lower supporting mesh plate structures 22. It can filter debris in the water and prevent the guide channel 11 and the lower water guide channel 15 from being blocked. The first auxiliary filter structure 14 and the second auxiliary filter structure 16 are set at the ends of the upper water leakage channel 13 and the lower water guide channel 15. The pore diameter of the first auxiliary filter structure 14 is smaller than that of the second auxiliary filter structure 16, which can perform graded filtration of water and further prevent the filter from being blocked.

[0043] The concrete protective pouring layer 2 is divided into a lower pouring layer 17 and an upper pouring layer 18. The impermeable membrane layer 19 (composed of high-density polyethylene membrane or bentonite waterproof blanket) laid between the two layers can effectively prevent water from penetrating into the base layer 1, thus playing a good anti-seepage role. The concrete support enclosure 5 on the outside of the planting trough 6 can prevent the planting layer from flowing away when washed by large amounts of water.

[0044] The soil support mesh 7 at the bottom of the planting trough 6 and the support rods 8 within the concrete protective grouting layer 2 work together to support the soil within the planting trough 6, enhancing the structural stability of the planting trough 6. The gravel layer of different particle sizes not only filters water but also provides support for the planting trough 6, further ensuring the stability of the entire structural system.

[0045] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0046] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system, comprising a base layer (1), a concrete protective pouring layer (2) on top of the base layer (1), a drainage ditch structure (3) at the bottom of the concrete protective pouring layer (2), and a plurality of planting troughs (6) on the inclined surface of the concrete protective pouring layer (2), characterized in that: The concrete protective pouring layer (2) forms a concrete support enclosure (5) in the area located outside the several planting troughs (6); The concrete protective grouting layer (2) has a first gravel paving layer (9) and a second gravel paving layer (10) located below the planting trough (6). The concrete protective grouting layer (2) has several guide grooves (11) located below the second gravel paving layer (10). The bottom of the guide groove (11) has a lower water guide channel (15) connected to the drainage ditch structure (3). The top of the guide groove (11) has a supporting filter element (12).

2. The ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the drainage ditch structure (3) is equipped with a garbage filter structure (4).

3. The ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the planting trough (6) is provided with a soil support mesh plate (7); the concrete protective grouting layer (2) is provided with a support rod (8) at the top of the first gravel paving layer (9) to cooperate with the soil support mesh plate (7) and the concrete support enclosure (5).

4. The ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete protective pouring layer (2) is divided into a lower pouring layer (17) and an upper pouring layer (18), and an impermeable membrane layer (19) is laid between the lower pouring layer (17) and the upper pouring layer (18).

5. The ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gravel size of the first stone paving layer (9) is greater than 10mm, and the gravel size of the second stone paving layer (10) is 5mm-8mm.

6. The ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the concrete protective pouring layer (2) is provided with several upper water leakage channels (13) that are connected to the drainage ditch structure (3); the upper water leakage channel (13) is provided with a first auxiliary filter structure (14) at the end, and the lower water guiding channel (15) is provided with a second auxiliary filter structure (16) at the end. The mesh diameter of the first auxiliary filter structure (14) is smaller than the mesh diameter of the second auxiliary filter structure (16).

7. The ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting filter element (12) includes a support frame body (20), a filter cloth cover (21) is provided on the inner side of the support frame body (20), and a supporting mesh plate structure (22) is provided on the upper and lower sides of the filter cloth cover (21) on the inner side of the support frame body (20).

8. The ecological drainage and composite seepage prevention system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The impermeable membrane layer (19) is composed of a high-density polyethylene membrane or a bentonite waterproof blanket.

Images