A lumbar puncture model for teaching

Abstract

The utility model relates to medical education field especially, especially relates to a teaching lumbar puncture model, including spine component, contains a plurality of vertebra model and intervertebral piece, the intervertebral piece includes each other's connection nucleus pulposus model, annulus fibrosus model and yellow ligament model, bone component contains the sacrum model and ilium model connected, and is connected with spine component, ligament component contains interspinal ligament, muscle component is constituted by lower muscle model and upper muscle model, skin component covers on upper muscle model, and is equipped with the puncture hole of being able to penetrate in the target area corresponding position, the puncture hole penetrates upper muscle model, interspinal ligament and yellow ligament model in proper order, fixed component is used for supporting and fixed muscle component, the vertebra model, bone component adopts hard material to make, the intervertebral piece, ligament component, muscle component, skin component adopt flexible material to make. Its solved the technical problem that the simulation degree of existing lumbar puncture model is insufficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical education, and in particular to a lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, spinal puncture is a crucial skill in medical education and clinical training. However, traditional medical models often fail to accurately reflect key characteristics during the puncture process, such as the sensation of tissue layers, changes in resistance, and fluid outflow, making it difficult for learners to master the correct puncture techniques.

[0003] While existing lumbar puncture training modules have improved the simulation accuracy of puncture training to some extent, they still have some shortcomings, such as low model fidelity, discrepancies between puncture resistance and real-world conditions, and high model wear and tear. Therefore, developing a more realistic, durable, and easily observable lumbar puncture simulation model for teaching purposes is of great significance for improving the quality of medical education and clinical training. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, in response to the above problems, this utility model proposes a lumbar puncture model for teaching, which solves the technical problem of insufficient simulation level of existing lumbar puncture models.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes, comprising:

[0006] A spinal assembly comprising multiple vertebral models and intervertebral components connecting adjacent vertebral models, wherein the intervertebral components include interconnected nucleus pulposus models, annulus fibrosus models, and ligamentum flavum models;

[0007] The bone assembly, comprising connected sacral and iliac bone models, is connected to the spinal assembly;

[0008] Ligamentary components, including the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments that connect to the spinal components;

[0009] The muscle assembly consists of a lower muscle model and an upper muscle model, with an installation chamber between them for installing the spinal assembly and the bone assembly.

[0010] A skin component covers the upper muscle model and has a permeable puncture hole at the corresponding position of the target area. The puncture hole penetrates the upper muscle model, the supraspinous and interspinous ligament, and the ligamentum flavum model in sequence. The vertebral model located at the puncture hole has a hollow part, and the puncture hole is connected to the hollow part of the vertebral model.

[0011] Fixation components are used to support and stabilize muscle components;

[0012] The vertebral model and bone components are made of rigid materials, while the intervertebral components, ligament components, muscle components, and skin components are made of flexible materials, with the hardness decreasing in that order, to simulate the puncture feel of real human tissue.

[0013] Furthermore, the fixing component includes a base plate, a side plate, an upper cover, and a lower cover. The base plate is fixedly connected to the side plate via corner brackets. The upper cover and the lower cover are respectively fixed to the base plate and located at the upper and lower ends of the muscle component. The base plate is made of hard plastic and has an anti-slip texture on its surface.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper cover and the lower cover are respectively provided with handles, and the handles are provided with flexible silicone sleeves.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper and lower covers are respectively provided with locking protrusions, and the upper and lower ends of the muscle component are respectively provided with locking recesses. The upper and lower covers are respectively engaged with the muscle component by means of locking protrusions and locking recesses.

[0016] Furthermore, the skin component and the muscle component are bonded together with silicone rubber.

[0017] Furthermore, the spinal assembly also includes a nerve assembly made of silicone, and the spinal assembly is provided with a slot for securing the nerve assembly.

[0018] Furthermore, the intervertebral component has a Shore A hardness of 50-60, the ligament component has a Shore A hardness of 40-50, the muscle component has a Shore A hardness of 30-40, and the skin component has a Shore A hardness of 20-30.

[0019] Furthermore, the vertebral model, nucleus pulposus model, and annulus fibrosus model are connected by adhesive, and the spinal components are connected to the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments by adhesive.

[0020] Furthermore, the hollow section is provided with a simulated body fluid sac filled with simulated body fluid, which is used to simulate the outflow of body fluid when the puncture is successful. The vertebral model with the hollow section is detachably connected to the adjacent intervertebral piece.

[0021] By adopting the aforementioned technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0022] 1. This model uses materials of varying hardness to manufacture the intervertebral disc, ligament, muscle, and skin components, accurately simulating the layered structure of real human lumbar tissue and the tactile changes during puncture. The model features a permeable puncture hole in the target area corresponding to the upper muscle model. This puncture hole sequentially penetrates the upper muscle model, the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments, and the ligamentum flavum model, directly connecting to the hollow part of the vertebral model. Because the upper muscle model, supraspinous and interspinous ligaments, and ligamentum flavum model are all made of flexible materials with gradually decreasing hardness, their puncture holes develop a self-compressing and sealing characteristic. When the puncture needle is inserted, it is compressed by the inner wall of the puncture hole, providing a near-realistic puncture experience and effectively improving training results.

[0023] 2. The fixing components include a base plate, side plates, a top cover, and a bottom cover. The base plate is fixedly connected to the side plates via corner brackets. This connection method is firm and stable, providing a solid support foundation for the muscle assembly. The top and bottom covers are fixed to the base plate and located at the top and bottom of the muscle assembly, respectively, further securing the muscle assembly within a specific space. This prevents displacement or shaking during use, ensuring the stability and integrity of the model and facilitating accurate medical procedures.

[0024] The base plate is made of rigid plastic, providing sufficient strength to support the various components of the model. The surface features an anti-slip texture, increasing friction between the base plate and the placement surface.

[0025] 3. Handles are provided on both the top and bottom covers to facilitate the user's handling and movement of the entire medical model.

[0026] 4. The top and bottom covers are engaged with the muscle components via a combination of protruding and recessed locking mechanisms. This locking method ensures a tight connection, effectively preventing the top and bottom covers from separating from the muscle components and guaranteeing the fixation effect of the fixing components on the muscle components, thus maintaining a stable structural state of the model during use. The locking structure design makes the assembly and disassembly of the top and bottom covers from the muscle components simple and quick.

[0027] 5. The skin component and the upper muscle model are bonded together using silicone rubber. Silicone rubber has excellent adhesion and flexibility, allowing the skin and muscle components to bond tightly together, forming a unified whole. This bonding method effectively prevents gaps or detachment between the skin and muscle components, ensuring the model's appearance integrity and structural stability.

[0028] 6. The spinal component also includes a neural component, which is made of silicone. Silicone can effectively simulate the flexibility and elasticity of nerves. The spinal component has slots for securing the neural component. This design accurately fixes the neural component in the corresponding position on the spine, simulating the real anatomical relationship between human nerves and the spine. Furthermore, the neural component, vertebral model, nucleus pulposus model, annulus fibrosus model, and ligamentum flavum model each possess different radiopaque images, thus forming different radiopaque images.

[0029] 7. The hardness of the intervertebral component is clearly specified as Shore A50-60, the ligament component as Shore A40-50, the muscle component as Shore A30-40, and the skin component as Shore A20-30. This gradient setting of hardness makes the tactile feel of each component closer to the actual hardness of the corresponding human tissue.

[0030] 8. Choosing the right adhesive can ensure that the connection between the components is firm and reliable, and will not easily separate due to external force under normal use.

[0031] 9. By placing a simulated body fluid sac within the hollow section and filling it with simulated body fluid (such as physiological saline or staining solution), learners can observe the outflow of simulated body fluid when successfully puncturing the hollow section of the vertebral model. This process highly simulates the outflow of cerebrospinal fluid during a successful lumbar puncture in a real clinical setting. This intuitive feedback mechanism greatly enhances the realism and effectiveness of the training, helping learners better understand and master puncture techniques. Furthermore, it allows for convenient replacement of the simulated body fluid sac. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the upper muscle model and the lower muscle model in a separated state.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper cover, lower cover, and lower muscle model in their separated state.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower muscle model in conjunction with the spinal and bone components.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the spinal assembly.

[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The structural diagrams of the spinal and neural components are omitted.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intervertebral disc and the vertebral model in a separated state.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the puncture site.

[0041] Figure label:

[0042] 1. Spinal component; 11. Vertebra model; 111. Hollow section; 12. Intervertebral component; 121. Nucleus pulposus model; 122. Annulus fibrosus model; 123. Ligamentum flavum model; 13. Nerve component; 14. Snap groove; 2. Bone component; 21. Sacrum model; 22. Iliac bone model; 3. Ligament component; 4. Muscle component; 41. Lower muscle model; 42. Upper muscle model; 43. Installation chamber; 44. Snap recess; 5. Skin component; 61. Base plate; 62. Side plate; 63. Top cover; 631. Anti-slip stripe; 64. Bottom cover; 65. Corner code; 66. Handle; 67. Snap protrusion; 7. Puncture hole; 71. Target area; 8. Puncture needle; 9. Simulated body fluid sac. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] refer to Figures 1 to 9 This embodiment provides a lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes, including:

[0045] The spinal component 1 includes a plurality of vertebral models 11 and intervertebral components 12 connecting adjacent vertebral models 11. The intervertebral component 12 includes a nucleus pulposus model 121, an annulus fibrosus model 122 and a ligamentum flavum model 123 that are connected to each other.

[0046] Bone assembly 2, which includes a connected sacral model 21 and an iliac model 22, and is connected to the spinal assembly 1;

[0047] Ligament component 3, the ligament component 3 including the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments connected to the spinal component 1;

[0048] Muscle component 4, which includes a lower muscle model 41 and an upper muscle model 42, with an installation chamber 43 provided between the lower muscle model 41 and the upper muscle model 42, and the spinal component 1 and the bone component 2 installed in the installation chamber 43.

[0049] Skin component 5 covers the upper muscle model 42 and has a permeable puncture hole 7 at the corresponding position of the target area 71. The puncture hole 7 penetrates the upper muscle model 42, the supraspinous and interspinous ligament and the ligamentum flavum model 123 in sequence. The vertebral model 11 located at the puncture hole 7 is provided with a hollow part 111. The puncture hole 7 is connected to the hollow part 111 of the vertebral model 11.

[0050] A fixation component is provided, on which the lower muscle model 41 is placed;

[0051] The vertebral model 11 and bone component 2 are made of rigid materials, while the intervertebral component 12, ligament component 3, muscle component 4, and skin component 5 are made of flexible materials. The hardness of the intervertebral component 12, ligament component 3, muscle component 4, and skin component 5 decreases sequentially, and the density of the spinal component 1, bone component 2, ligament component 3, muscle component 4, and skin component 5 gradually decreases, thereby forming different imaging images.

[0052] For example, the density of spinal component 1 is 1.2 g / cm³. 3 Bone component 2 has a density of 1.1 g / cm³. 3 The density of ligament component 3 is 0.9 g / cm³. 3 The density of muscle component 4 is 0.8 g / cm³. 3 The density of skin component 5 is 0.7 g / cm³. 3 .

[0053] Although the aforementioned puncture hole 7 penetrates part of the upper muscle model 42, it is actually only a very thin layer, simulating subcutaneous tissue. The actual penetration process of the puncture needle should be through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, and then reach the epidural space. This design only simulates this process.

[0054] The fixing assembly includes a base plate 61, a side plate 62, an upper cover 63, and a lower cover 64. The base plate 61 is fixedly connected to the side plate via corner brackets 65. The upper cover 63 and the lower cover 64 are respectively fixed to the base plate 61 and are located at the upper and lower ends of the muscle assembly 4. The base plate 61 is made of hard plastic and has an anti-slip texture on its surface.

[0055] The upper cover 63 and lower cover 64 are each provided with a handle 66, and the handle 66 is provided with a flexible silicone sleeve. The upper cover 63 and lower cover 64 are each provided with a locking protrusion 67, and the upper end and lower end of the muscle component 4 are each provided with a locking recess 44. The upper cover 63 and lower cover 64 are engaged with the muscle component 4 by means of the locking protrusion 67 and the locking recess 44. The size of the locking protrusion 67 and the locking recess 44 can be set according to actual needs, for example, the height of the locking protrusion 67 is 5mm and the width is 3mm. The inner surface of the upper cover 63 is provided with anti-slip stripes 631. Similarly, the inner surface of the lower cover 64 can also be provided with anti-slip stripes.

[0056] The skin component 5 and the muscle component 4 are bonded together with silicone rubber. The silicone rubber coating thickness can be 0.5 mm to ensure a strong bond.

[0057] The spinal assembly 1 also includes a nerve assembly 13, which is made of silicone. The spinal assembly 1 has a locking groove 14 for locking the nerve assembly 13. In this design, the hollow portion 111 and the locking groove 14 are shared.

[0058] The intervertebral disc component 12 has a Shore A hardness of 50-60, the ligament component 3 has a Shore A hardness of 40-50, the muscle component 4 has a Shore A hardness of 30-40, and the skin component 5 has a Shore A hardness of 20-30. For reference, the hardness selection can be: intervertebral disc component 12 Shore A55, ligament component 3 Shore A45, muscle component 4 Shore A35, and skin component 5 Shore A25. Specifically, the intervertebral disc component 12, ligament component 3, muscle component 4, and skin component 5 can be made of flexible silicone, flexible silicone, flexible foam, and flexible silicone film, respectively.

[0059] The vertebral model 11, the nucleus pulposus model 121, and the annulus fibrosus model 122 are connected by adhesive bonding, and the spinal component 1 is connected to the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments by adhesive bonding. The adhesive is either instant adhesive, developing adhesive, or other common adhesive. In this design, developing adhesive is preferred, such as silicone rubber developing adhesive. Specific models can be V-1510 silicone rubber developing adhesive, KN-300XY silicone developing adhesive, or KJ-998BL medical silicone developing adhesive.

[0060] The hollow portion 111 contains a simulated body fluid sac 9 filled with simulated body fluid, which is used to simulate the outflow of body fluid upon successful puncture. The vertebral model 11 with the hollow portion 111 is detachably connected to the adjacent intervertebral piece 12. The simulated body fluid can be physiological saline or a stained liquid, and the simulated body fluid sac 9 can be made of a thin-walled elastic membrane.

[0061] The different components mentioned above can be distinguished by different colors. By setting different densities, good distinguishability can be achieved during development. The rigid plastic mentioned above can be PP material or other materials. The base plate 61 mentioned above can be made of rigid ABS plastic.

[0062] Although the present invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims, and all such changes shall be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes, characterized in that, include: A spinal assembly comprising multiple vertebral models and intervertebral components connecting adjacent vertebral models, wherein the intervertebral components include interconnected nucleus pulposus models, annulus fibrosus models, and ligamentum flavum models; The bone assembly, comprising connected sacral and iliac bone models, is connected to the spinal assembly; Ligamentary components, including the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments that connect to the spinal components; The muscle assembly consists of a lower muscle model and an upper muscle model, with an installation chamber between them for installing the spinal assembly and the bone assembly. A skin component covers the upper muscle model and has a permeable puncture hole at the corresponding position of the target area. The puncture hole penetrates the upper muscle model, the supraspinous and interspinous ligament, and the ligamentum flavum model in sequence. The vertebral model located at the puncture hole has a hollow part, and the puncture hole is connected to the hollow part of the vertebral model. Fixation components are used to support and stabilize muscle components; The vertebral model and bone components are made of rigid materials, while the intervertebral components, ligament components, muscle components, and skin components are made of flexible materials, with the hardness decreasing in that order, to simulate the puncture feel of real human tissue.

2. The lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing assembly includes a base plate, side plates, an upper cover, and a lower cover. The base plate is fixedly connected to the side plates via corner brackets. The upper cover and lower cover are respectively fixed to the base plate and located at the upper and lower ends of the muscle assembly. The base plate is made of hard plastic and has an anti-slip texture on its surface.

3. The lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper and lower covers are each provided with a handle, and the handle is provided with a flexible silicone sleeve.

4. The lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper and lower covers are respectively provided with locking protrusions, and the upper and lower ends of the muscle component are respectively provided with locking recesses. The upper and lower covers are respectively locked to the muscle component by locking protrusions and locking recesses.

5. The lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The skin component and the muscle component are bonded together with silicone rubber.

6. The lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spinal assembly also includes a nerve assembly made of silicone, and the spinal assembly has a slot for securing the nerve assembly.

7. A lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The intervertebral component has a Shore A hardness of 50-60, the ligament component has a Shore A hardness of 40-50, the muscle component has a Shore A hardness of 30-40, and the skin component has a Shore A hardness of 20-30.

8. A lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The vertebral models, nucleus pulposus models, and annulus fibrosus models are connected by adhesive bonding, and the spinal components are connected to the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments by adhesive bonding.

9. A lumbar puncture model for teaching purposes according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The hollow section contains a simulated body fluid sac, which is used to simulate the outflow of body fluid when the puncture is successful. The vertebral model with the hollow section is detachably connected to the adjacent intervertebral piece.

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