A directional irradiation device for photo-induced opening of stomata in detached leaves

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of directional irradiation device of light-induced in vitro leaf stomata opening, belong to tobacco optical detection technical field, the directional irradiation device of light-induced in vitro leaf stomata opening includes base, light source assembly, multiple prism array assembly and support frame;The support frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of base, the light source assembly is set in support frame one side, the multiple prism array assembly is set on support frame and is located the light direction front of light source assembly, the multiple prism array assembly includes array base, multiple prism units and multiple micro shafts;The array base is rectangular plate structure, fixedly installed in the side of support frame away from light source assembly;Each the prism unit is movably connected with array base by corresponding micro shaft, solve the problem that traditional directional irradiation device light scattering, angle is not adjustable, leading to in vitro leaf uneven illumination, intensity is insufficient, to affect the accuracy of stomata opening experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tobacco optical detection technology, specifically, it relates to a directional irradiation device for light-induced stomatal opening of detached leaves. Background Technology

[0002] The directional irradiation device for inducing stomatal opening in detached tobacco leaves is a key piece of equipment in tobacco physiological research. It is mainly used to induce stomatal opening in detached tobacco leaves through light stimulation of specific directions and intensities, providing experimental conditions for studying stomatal movement mechanisms, photosynthetic efficiency regulation, and water use efficiency. In plant physiological research, stomata serve as important channels for gas exchange and water evaporation between leaves and the external environment; their opening state directly affects physiological processes such as photosynthetic rate and transpiration. By applying precise light stimulation to detached leaves using the directional irradiation device, the stomatal opening patterns under different light conditions can be observed, providing a theoretical basis for crop cultivation and water-saving irrigation in agricultural production.

[0003] Traditional directional illumination devices suffer from numerous drawbacks in practical applications. Structurally, the layout of the light source and focusing components in traditional devices is often unreasonable. Light emitted from the source is prone to scattering and loss during transmission, resulting in insufficient effective light intensity received by the leaves. Most traditional devices employ a fixed-angle focusing structure, failing to flexibly adjust the light direction according to the shape and size of the leaves. This leads to uneven light distribution across different areas of the leaves, with some areas suffering burns due to excessive light and others experiencing poor stomatal opening due to insufficient light. Regarding component connections, the connection stability between the focusing components and the supporting structure in traditional devices is poor. Even slight vibrations during experiments can cause the focusing angle to shift, affecting the accuracy of experimental data. Some devices have loosely installed adjusting components such as shafts, which are prone to loosening or jamming after prolonged use, leading to malfunctions in light angle adjustment and reducing the device's lifespan and reliability. In terms of illumination accuracy, traditional devices lack effective stray light control measures. Light emitted from the source, in addition to illuminating the leaves, also scatters into the surrounding environment, wasting energy and potentially interfering with other equipment or samples in the experimental environment. Meanwhile, the focusing components of traditional devices are mostly made of ordinary glass, which has low light transmittance and is susceptible to aging due to environmental factors, further reducing light utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the overall structural stability of traditional devices is insufficient, making them prone to tipping or shaking during experiments, affecting the normal progress of the experiment. These drawbacks severely restrict the accuracy and efficiency of light-induced stomatal opening experiments on detached leaves, making it difficult to meet the needs of refined research. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a directional irradiation device for light-induced stomatal opening of detached leaves, which solves the problem that the traditional directional irradiation device has scattered light and non-adjustable angle, resulting in uneven light and insufficient intensity on detached leaves, thus affecting the accuracy of stomatal opening experiments.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a directional irradiation device for light-induced stomatal opening in detached leaves, comprising a base, a light source assembly, a prism array assembly, and a support frame; the support frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base, the light source assembly is disposed on one side of the support frame, and the prism array assembly is disposed on the support frame and located in front of the light emission direction of the light source assembly; the light source assembly can emit blue light and red light, and the intensity of the blue light and red light and the ratio of their combination are adjustable.

[0007] The technical advantages of this invention's directional irradiation device for inducing stomatal opening in detached blades are as follows: By clearly defining the overall structure and positional relationships of the base, light source assembly, prism array assembly, and support frame, a stable basic framework for the directional focusing device is constructed. The rational layout of each component ensures that the light emitted by the light source can be efficiently transmitted to the prism array assembly, providing structural support for subsequent directional focusing. This solves the problem of light loss caused by the chaotic layout of components in traditional devices, and improves the overall stability and light utilization rate of the device.

[0008] Based on the above technical solution, the directional irradiation device for light-induced stomatal opening of detached blades of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0009] The multi-prism array assembly includes an array base, multiple prism units, and multiple micro-rotating shafts. The array base has a rectangular plate structure and is fixedly installed on the side of the support frame away from the light source assembly. Each prism unit is movably connected to the array base through a corresponding micro-rotating shaft.

[0010] The miniature rotating shaft comprises a shaft body, a retaining ring, a bearing sleeve, and an anti-slip washer. The shaft body is cylindrical and made of high-strength stainless steel. One end has an external thread for connection and fixation to the threaded hole on the bottom surface of the prism unit; the other end has an annular groove for installing the retaining ring. The bearing sleeve is made of brass with a smooth inner hole, forming a clearance fit with the shaft body to allow for smooth rotation. The retaining ring is an elastic metal ring that fits into the annular groove at the end of the shaft body, limiting axial displacement between the shaft body and the bearing sleeve. The anti-slip washer is made of silicone and is fitted onto the end of the shaft body closest to the prism unit. When the shaft body is connected to the prism unit, the washer is compressed to form a seal, preventing dust from entering the shaft clearance. The shaft body has a diameter of 2-3 mm and a length of 8-12 mm. The outer diameter of the bearing sleeve is 1-1.5 mm larger than the shaft body diameter. The overall structure is compact and can fit the densely arranged mounting hole layout on the array base.

[0011] Furthermore, the prism unit adopts a triangular prism structure made of quartz material, with a cross-section of an isosceles triangle, and both refractive surfaces of the prism unit are treated with anti-reflective coating.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the prism unit is made of quartz material to form a triangular prism structure and the refractive surface is treated with an anti-reflection coating. Quartz material has high light transmittance and good chemical stability, ensuring low light transmission loss; the triangular prism structure can stably achieve the orientation of light refraction; the anti-reflection coating effectively reduces light reflection loss, increasing light transmittance by more than 20%, and enhancing the light intensity received by the stomata of the blades.

[0013] Furthermore, the micro-rotating shafts are spaced apart along the length of the array base, and the axis of the micro-rotating shafts is perpendicular to the surface of the array base. The prism unit achieves rotation around its own axis through the micro-rotating shafts.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The micro-rotating axes are clearly distributed at intervals along the length of the array base, and their axes are perpendicular to the surface of the array base, ensuring the stability and consistency of the prism unit rotation adjustment. The vertically distributed rotating axes allow for more precise angle adjustment of the prism unit, avoiding deviations during adjustment, ensuring controllable light refraction direction, and solving the problem of focusing deviation caused by axis tilt.

[0015] Furthermore, the light source assembly includes a light source body and a light source mounting base; the light source mounting base has a columnar structure and is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base, the light source body is installed on the top of the light source mounting base, and the light emitting surface of the light source body faces the multi-prism array assembly; the light source body is composed of light-emitting units that can emit blue light and red light respectively, and the driving circuit of each light-emitting unit has the function of independently adjusting the current magnitude to control the intensity and combination ratio of blue light and red light.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: By fixing the light source body with the light source mounting bracket and ensuring that the light emitting surface of the light source faces the multi-prism array assembly, the light emitted by the light source can be directly directed to the prism array, reducing the loss in the light transmission path. The columnar structure of the light source mounting bracket can stably support the light source body, preventing the light source from shaking and affecting the stability of the illumination, thus improving the reliability of the light source operation.

[0017] Furthermore, the support frame includes two opposing vertical plates and a horizontal plate. The two vertical plates are respectively vertically fixed to both sides of the upper surface of the base. The two ends of the horizontal plate are respectively fixedly connected to the top ends of the two vertical plates. The array base is fixedly installed on the side surface of the horizontal plate facing the light source assembly.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The support frame adopts a combination structure of two vertical plates and one horizontal plate. The vertical plates are fixed to both sides of the base, and the horizontal plate is connected to the top of the vertical plates and the array base is installed. This structure forms a stable portal support, providing a solid installation foundation for the array base, which can withstand the weight of the prism unit and the forces during the adjustment process, avoids the light deviation caused by the deformation of the array base, and enhances the structural strength of the device.

[0019] Furthermore, the array base has multiple mounting holes, one end of the micro-rotor is embedded in the mounting hole and rotates with the array base, and the other end of the micro-rotor is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the prism unit.

[0020] The diameter of the mounting hole is 0.01-0.03 mm larger than the outer diameter of the bearing sleeve. The shaft body and the bearing sleeve form a clearance fit, and the axial displacement of the shaft body end is restricted by a limiting ring.

[0021] Furthermore, the base has a rectangular plate structure, the connection position between the support frame and the base is located in the middle region along the length of the base, and the light source assembly is located on one side of the support frame near the base.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the base adopts a rectangular plate structure, the support frame is located in the middle of the base, and the light source assembly is located on one side of the support frame near the base. The rectangular base increases the contact area between the device and the placement surface, improves the overall stability of the device, and prevents the device from tipping over; the positional layout of the support frame and the light source assembly keeps the center of gravity of the device in the center, further enhancing the placement stability and facilitating the fixation of the device during experimental operations.

[0023] Furthermore, the multiple prism units are arranged in a matrix on the array base, with a gap between adjacent prism units, the gap width being no greater than the width of the prism unit.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: multiple prism units are arranged in a matrix on the array base with gaps between adjacent units. The matrix arrangement can fully cover the blade area, ensuring that all parts of the blade can receive directional light. The reasonable gap setting avoids light interference between prism units, prevents light reflection between adjacent units from causing light disorder, and ensures the uniformity of light.

[0025] Furthermore, the central axis of the light source assembly and the central axis of the prism array assembly are located on the same horizontal plane, and their central axes are set parallel to each other.

[0026] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the central axes of the light source component and the multi-prism array component are on the same horizontal plane and parallel to each other, ensuring that the light emitted by the light source can be incident perpendicularly on the surface of the prism array, reducing refraction errors caused by deviations in the incident angle of the light. The parallel and coplanar axes make the light transmission path more stable, improve the focusing accuracy, and solve the problem of light dispersion caused by axis misalignment.

[0027] It also includes a control module, which is electrically connected to the light source assembly and is used to preset and automatically adjust the light intensity and combination ratio of blue light and red light. The control module has a human-computer interaction interface and can input and store the lighting parameters for different experimental needs.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the directional irradiation device for inducing stomatal opening in detached leaf blades provided by this utility model are:

[0029] In terms of improving the precision of illumination, the device adopts a multi-prism array structure. Each prism unit can be independently rotated and its angle adjusted via a micro-shaft. This allows for flexible adjustment of the light refraction direction according to the specific morphology of the detached leaf and experimental requirements, enabling the light to be precisely focused on the target area of ​​the leaf. This precise control avoids the problems of diffused or excessively strong illumination in traditional devices, ensuring that all parts of the leaf receive appropriate light intensity, providing stable light stimulation for stomatal opening, and effectively improving the reliability of experimental results.

[0030] To improve light efficiency, the prism unit uses high-transmittance quartz material and undergoes anti-reflection coating on the refractive surface, minimizing reflection and absorption losses during light transmission and significantly improving light transmittance. Simultaneously, the central axes of the light source assembly and the multi-prism array assembly are kept on the same horizontal plane and parallel to each other, ensuring that the light emitted from the light source is perpendicularly incident on the prism array surface. This reduces refraction errors caused by deviations in the incident angle, allowing more light to be effectively utilized, enhancing the light intensity received by the leaf stomata, and improving light utilization efficiency.

[0031] The structural stability of the device has been significantly enhanced. The base adopts a rectangular plate structure, increasing the contact area with the placement surface. The support frame consists of a portal structure composed of two vertical plates and one horizontal plate, providing solid support for the array base and effectively preventing the device from tipping over or shaking during experiments. The miniature rotating shaft is interference-fitted with the mounting holes of the array base through a bearing sleeve. Combined with the functions of the limiting ring and anti-slip washer, stable installation and smooth rotation are achieved, preventing adjustment failures caused by loosening or falling off the shaft, extending the service life of the device, and improving long-term reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 Example diagram of a directional irradiation device for inducing stomatal opening in detached leaves;

[0034] Figure 2 Example diagram of embodiment two of a directional irradiation device for inducing stomatal opening in detached leaves;

[0035] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0036] 10. Base; 20. Light source assembly; 21. Light source body; 22. Light source mounting bracket; 30. Multiprism array assembly; 31. Array base; 32. Prism unit; 40. Support frame; 41. Vertical plate; 42. Horizontal plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] This utility model provides a directional irradiation device for light-induced stomatal opening of detached leaves, comprising a base 10, a light source assembly 20, a prism array assembly 30, and a support frame 40; the support frame 40 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 10, the light source assembly 20 is disposed on one side of the support frame 40, and the prism array assembly 30 is disposed on the support frame 40 and located in front of the light emission direction of the light source assembly 20. The light source assembly can emit blue light and red light, and the intensity of the blue light and red light and the ratio of their combination are adjustable.

[0039] When using, place the base stably on the experimental table, ensuring it is level and does not wobble. Mount the light source onto the base using the light source holder, and adjust the height of the light source holder to position the light source at a suitable light emission height.

[0040] Embed the bearing sleeve of the miniature rotating shaft into the mounting hole of the array base to ensure a firm interference fit; pass the shaft through the bearing sleeve, and install a limiting ring at the end of the shaft to restrict axial displacement; after putting an anti-slip washer on the other end of the shaft, connect and fix the threaded hole on the bottom of the prism unit to the external thread of the shaft to ensure that the prism unit is firmly installed and can rotate flexibly.

[0041] Place the detached blade at a preset position in the light-emitting direction of the prism array assembly, ensuring that the area of ​​the blade to be irradiated is directly facing the light-emitting surface of the prism array.

[0042] Turn on the light source body so that the light emitted by it is directed toward the prism array assembly.

[0043] According to the light requirements of different areas of the blade, the miniature shaft corresponding to each prism unit is rotated one by one. By adjusting the refraction angle of the prism unit, the light is precisely focused on the target area of ​​the blade after being refracted by the prism, forming a directional light-concentrating effect.

[0044] Lighting process monitoring: During the lighting process, the angle of the prism unit can be finely adjusted at any time according to the opening of the stomata on the leaves to ensure stable lighting effect.

[0045] After completing the illumination experiment, turn off the light source, remove the detached blade, and rotate the prism unit back to its initial position for future use.

[0046] In the above technical solution, the multiprism array assembly 30 includes an array base 31, multiple prism units 32, and multiple micro-rotating shafts; the array base 31 has a rectangular plate structure and is fixedly installed on the side of the support frame 40 away from the light source assembly 20; each prism unit 32 is movably connected to the array base 31 through a corresponding micro-rotating shaft.

[0047] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the prism unit 32 adopts a triangular prism structure made of quartz material, and its cross-section is an isosceles triangle. Both refractive surfaces of the prism unit 32 are treated with anti-reflective coating.

[0048] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the micro-rotating shafts are spaced apart along the length of the array base 31, and the axis of the micro-rotating shafts is perpendicular to the surface of the array base 31. The prism unit 32 realizes the rotation around its own axis through the micro-rotating shafts.

[0049] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the light source assembly 20 includes a light source body 21 and a light source mounting base 22; the light source mounting base 22 has a columnar structure and is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base 10, the light source body 21 is installed on the top of the light source mounting base 22, and the light emitting surface of the light source body 21 is set towards the prism array assembly 30.

[0050] The light-emitting unit of the light source body adopts independently packaged blue LED chips and red LED chips. The peak wavelength of the blue LED chip is 450-470nm, and the peak wavelength of the red LED chip is 650-670nm. The two types of chips are evenly distributed alternately on the light-emitting surface of the light source body to ensure uniform light mixing.

[0051] The driving circuit consists of two independent constant current driving sub-circuits, corresponding to the blue LED and the red LED respectively. Each driving sub-circuit includes a current-limiting resistor, an operational amplifier, and a field-effect transistor (FET). By adjusting the reference voltage signal of the operational amplifier, the conduction level of the FET can be changed, thereby adjusting the current flowing through the LED chip (the current adjustment range for blue light is 50-300mA, and for red light it is 100-500mA). The current magnitude has a linear relationship with the light intensity. By independently adjusting the current of the two sub-circuits, the light intensity of blue and red light can be controlled separately; by setting the ratio of the two currents (e.g., blue light: red light = 1:1 to 1:5), different light quality combinations can be adjusted. The driving circuit and the light source body are integrated into the same housing, and the housing surface has heat dissipation holes to ensure long-term operational stability.

[0052] The control module uses an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller as its core control unit. This microcontroller has abundant I / O interfaces and PWM output channels, which can meet the independent control requirements of dual light sources. The control module is connected to the drive circuit of the light source components via wires. The PWM output terminal of the microcontroller is connected to the reference voltage adjustment terminal of the two drive sub-circuits respectively. By changing the duty cycle of the PWM wave (adjustment range 0-100%), the current magnitude is precisely controlled.

[0053] The human-machine interface consists of a 12864-character LCD display and four mechanical buttons. The display shows the current blue light intensity, red light intensity, and their combination ratio in real time. The buttons correspond to the functions of "parameter setting," "adjustment," "storage," and "start / stop." The control module integrates an EEPROM storage unit, capable of storing at least 10 sets of preset illumination parameters (each set including blue light intensity, red light intensity, and duration). During experiments, preset parameters can be recalled via buttons for automatic operation, eliminating the need for repeated adjustments. The STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller operates at 3.3V and is powered by an external 5V power adapter to ensure voltage matching with the drive circuit.

[0054] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the support frame 40 includes two vertical plates 41 and a horizontal plate 42 arranged opposite to each other. The two vertical plates 41 are respectively vertically fixed to both sides of the upper surface of the base 10, and the two ends of the horizontal plate 42 are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the two vertical plates 41. The array base 31 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the horizontal plate facing the light source assembly 20.

[0055] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the array base 31 is provided with multiple mounting holes, one end of the micro rotating shaft is embedded in the mounting hole and rotates with the array base 31, and the other end of the micro rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center position of the bottom surface of the prism unit 32.

[0056] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the base 10 has a rectangular plate structure, the connection position between the support frame and the base 10 is located in the middle region of the length direction of the base 10, and the light source assembly 20 is located on one side of the support frame near the end of the base 10.

[0057] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, multiple prism units 32 are arranged in a matrix on the array base 31, with gaps between adjacent prism units 32, the gap width being no greater than the width of the prism unit 32.

[0058] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the central axis of the light source assembly 20 and the central axis of the prism array assembly 30 are located on the same horizontal plane, and their central axes are set parallel to each other.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a rectangular stainless steel base, a light source assembly, a multi-prism array assembly, and a support frame. The base is 30cm long and 20cm wide, with a rust-proof surface. The support frame consists of two 15cm high aluminum alloy vertical plates and a 25cm long horizontal plate. The vertical plates are bolted to the two sides of the base, and the ends of the horizontal plate are welded to the top of the vertical plates. The light source assembly includes a height-adjustable cylindrical light source holder (8-12cm high) and a 5W LED light source body. The holder is installed on the left side of the base, 5cm from the edge, with the light-emitting surface of the light source body facing the multi-prism array assembly horizontally to the right. The array base of the multi-prism array assembly is a 20cm long and 15cm wide acrylic plate. Six quartz triangular prism units are mounted via miniature rotating shafts, arranged in a 2x3 matrix, with a 2cm spacing between adjacent prism units. Each prism unit has a bottom side length of 3cm and a height of 4cm. The miniature rotating shaft uses a stainless steel shaft (diameter 2mm, length 10mm), a brass bearing sleeve, and a silicone anti-slip washer. The shaft is fixed to the center of the bottom surface of the prism unit by threads.

[0061] The light emitted by the LED light source is directed towards a 2×3 matrix of quartz prism units. The high light transmittance of the quartz material allows the light to pass through efficiently, and the triangular prism structure of the prisms changes the direction of light propagation through refraction. The researchers adjusted the angle of each prism unit by rotating a miniature shaft, so that the refracted light was precisely focused on the surface of the detached leaf. The light was absorbed by the photosynthetic pigments in the guard cells of the stomata, triggering a series of physiological reactions within the cells and promoting the opening of the stomata.

[0062] Suitable for directional irradiation experiments on small detached leaves, such as young leaves of herbaceous plants (like alfalfa and spinach leaves). These leaves typically have an area of ​​10-15 cm². A 2×3 matrix prism unit layout can completely cover the leaf area without wasting extra light.

[0063] The compact matrix layout makes the device small in size, requiring minimal space on the experimental bench, and facilitating operation in confined spaces such as clean benches. The adjustment of the six prism units requires minimal effort, allowing researchers to quickly calibrate the illumination angle, improving adjustment efficiency by 25%. The reasonable spacing between adjacent prisms avoids light interference, increasing illumination uniformity at the blade edges by 10% and enhancing the stability of experimental data.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, the base, light source assembly, and support frame structure of this device are identical to those in Embodiment 1, with the only difference being the multi-prism array assembly. The array base of the multi-prism array assembly is an acrylic plate 30cm long and 25cm wide. Sixteen quartz triangular prism units are mounted in a 4x4 matrix using miniature rotating shafts of the same specifications, with a spacing of 1.5cm between adjacent prism units. Each prism unit has a base side length of 2.5cm and a height of 4cm. The material and connection method of the miniature rotating shafts are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0066] The light emitted by the LED light source is refracted by quartz prism units arranged in a 4×4 matrix, forming multiple directional beams. Due to the greater number and denser distribution of prism units, the light can be subdivided into 16 independently controllable directional beams. By adjusting the angle of prism units in different areas, the light can be focused on different parts of the detached leaf. After the light acts on the stomata of the leaf, it activates light-dependent proton pumps, promoting solute accumulation in guard cells and achieving precise control of stomatal opening.

[0067] It is suitable for experiments involving large detached leaves or leaf sections, such as mature leaves of dicotyledonous plants like cotton and soybean (usually 20-30 cm² in area), or for scenarios requiring comparative studies of different areas such as the sides of the main vein, leaf margin, and leaf center.

[0068] The dense 4×4 matrix layout ensures full illumination of the leaves, avoiding insufficient light in the edge areas of large leaves. Sixteen prism units allow for more precise zone control, enabling individual adjustment of the illumination angle based on the stomatal characteristics of different parts of the leaf, thus allowing for more accurate studies of stomatal opening differences in various leaf regions. The densely arranged prism units improve illumination uniformity by 20%, making it particularly suitable for experiments requiring high light gradients. The overall structure of the device is stable and can meet the needs of long-term continuous experiments.

[0069] Specifically, the principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0070] The technical principle of this invention is based on the laws of optical refraction and structural mechanics. Through a rational component design and layout, it achieves precise directional illumination of detached blades. From an optical perspective, when light enters another medium from one medium, refraction occurs at the interface. The angle of refraction is related to the angle of incidence and the refractive indices of the two media. The prism unit in the device adopts a triangular prism structure. Utilizing the difference in refractive index between quartz and air, the light emitted from the light source is refracted at the two refractive surfaces of the prism, changing the direction of light propagation. By adjusting the angle of the prism unit, i.e., changing the angle of incidence, the direction of the refracted light can be precisely controlled according to experimental requirements, achieving directional guidance of the light.

[0071] The multi-prism array design utilizes the principles of light superposition and directional coverage. Multiple prism units are arranged in a matrix on the array base. Each prism unit can independently adjust its refraction direction, converting scattered light emitted from the light source into multiple directional beams that cover different areas of the blade. This design avoids the problem of limited illumination range of a single beam of light, achieving comprehensive and precise illumination coverage of the blade through the synergistic effect of multiple beams. Simultaneously, the anti-reflection coating on the prism unit surface reduces light reflection loss. According to Fresnel's law of reflection, the coating layer causes destructive interference of reflected light, thereby increasing light transmittance and ensuring that more light can pass through the prism and reach the blade surface.

[0072] In terms of structural mechanics, the support frame of the device adopts a portal frame structure. Utilizing the principle of triangular stability, the two vertical plates and the horizontal plate form a stable force-bearing system, which can effectively bear the weight of the array base and prism units, and resist the forces generated during adjustment, preventing structural deformation. The rectangular plate structure of the base increases the force-bearing area, reducing the pressure of the device on the placement surface. Combined with the layout design with the center of gravity in the center, the device remains stable during the experiment, avoiding tipping or displacement due to external forces.

Claims

1. A directional irradiation device for light-induced stomatal opening in detached leaf blades, characterized in that, It includes a base, a light source assembly, a prism array assembly, and a support frame; the support frame is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base, the light source assembly is disposed on one side of the support frame, and the prism array assembly is disposed on the support frame and located in front of the light emission direction of the light source assembly; the light source assembly can emit blue light and red light, and the intensity of the blue light and red light and the ratio of their combination are adjustable.

2. The directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-prism array assembly includes an array base, multiple prism units, and multiple micro-rotating shafts; the array base has a rectangular plate structure and is fixedly installed on the side of the support frame away from the light source assembly; each prism unit is movably connected to the array base through a corresponding micro-rotating shaft.

3. The directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf blades according to claim 2, characterized in that, The prism unit is a triangular prism structure made of quartz material, with an isosceles triangle cross-section. Both refractive surfaces of the prism unit are treated with anti-reflective coating.

4. The directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf blades according to claim 3, characterized in that, The micro-rotating shafts are spaced apart along the length of the array base, and the axis of the micro-rotating shafts is perpendicular to the surface of the array base. The prism unit achieves rotation around its own axis through the micro-rotating shafts.

5. The directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf according to claim 4, characterized in that, The light source assembly includes a light source body and a light source mounting base; the light source mounting base has a columnar structure and is vertically fixed to the upper surface of the base; the light source body is installed on the top of the light source mounting base, and the light-emitting surface of the light source body faces the multi-prism array assembly; the light source body is composed of light-emitting units that can emit blue light and red light respectively, and the driving circuit of each light-emitting unit has the function of independently adjusting the current magnitude to control the intensity and combination ratio of blue light and red light.

6. The directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf blades according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support frame includes two opposing vertical plates and a horizontal plate. The two vertical plates are respectively fixed vertically to both sides of the upper surface of the base. The two ends of the horizontal plate are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the two vertical plates. The array base is fixedly installed on the side surface of the horizontal plate facing the light source assembly.

7. The directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf according to claim 6, characterized in that, The array base has multiple mounting holes. One end of the micro-rotor is embedded in the mounting hole and rotates with the array base. The other end of the micro-rotor is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the prism unit.

8. The directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf according to claim 7, characterized in that, The base has a rectangular plate structure, and the connection between the support frame and the base is located in the middle region along the length of the base. The light source assembly is located on one side of the support frame near the base.

9. A directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf blades according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple prism units are arranged in a matrix on the array base, with gaps between adjacent prism units, the width of which is no greater than the width of the prism unit.

10. A directional irradiation device for photo-induced stomatal opening of detached leaf blades according to claim 9, characterized in that, The central axis of the light source assembly and the central axis of the prism array assembly are located on the same horizontal plane, and their central axes are set parallel to each other.

Images