A vanadium redox flow battery system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of all-vanadium redox battery systems, including capacity tank and power box, further including transport and distribution tank, capacity tank is provided with first battery management unit, transport and distribution tank is provided with second battery management unit, the outer wall of power box is provided with BMS special cabin and confluence control cabinet, BMS special cabin is provided with BMS main controller, BMS main controller is connected with first battery management unit, second battery management unit and confluence control cabinet respectively. By separately setting BMS special cabin and confluence control cabinet outside power box, it is greatly convenient for the operation and maintenance management work of later period, frequent access to power box when operation and maintenance can be avoided. And by setting transport and distribution tank, most of electrolyte supply line structure and heat exchanger and cooling liquid circulation pipeline are separated from power box, reduce the occupation to power box internal installation space and simplify power box internal structure composition, it is convenient for operation and maintenance management, and using above structure also facilitate the modularization construction of liquid flow battery system, it is convenient for quick expansion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flow battery technology, specifically to an all-vanadium redox flow battery system. Background Technology

[0002] Vanadium redox flow batteries have advantages such as long life, high safety, simple energy control and management, and complete decoupling of power and capacity. They are suitable for applications such as smoothing fluctuations in new energy power generation, peak shaving and valley filling, and voltage and frequency regulation in new power systems, and have begun to be promoted and applied on a large scale in recent years.

[0003] Currently, traditional vanadium redox flow battery supply pipelines lack sophisticated management, with intricate piping distributed between the capacity tank and the power tank. This occupies space within the power tank, limiting the number of battery stacks that can be accommodated in a standard container. Furthermore, it places significant pressure on daily operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting, and can easily lead to heat dissipation difficulties in the power tank. In addition, the conventional BMS (Battery Management System) main control compartment is installed inside the power tank, which complicates electrical wiring between the power tank and the external container.

[0004] This shows that existing technologies still have certain shortcomings. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an all-vanadium redox flow battery system to solve the problems of complex internal piping structure, high operation and maintenance management difficulty of existing flow battery power boxes, and the difficulty of electrical wiring caused by the existing BMS (Battery Management System) main control compartment and the BMU (Battery Management Unit) of each module being built into the flow battery container.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides an all-vanadium redox flow battery system, including a capacity tank and a power tank, as well as a delivery and distribution tank. The capacity tank is equipped with a first battery management unit, and the delivery and distribution tank is equipped with a second battery management unit. The outer wall of the power tank is equipped with a dedicated BMS compartment and a combiner control cabinet. The dedicated BMS compartment is equipped with a BMS main controller, which is connected to the first battery management unit, the second battery management unit, and the combiner control cabinet.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the capacity tank is provided with an electrolyte storage tank and a capacity tank monitoring component. The capacity tank monitoring component includes a first temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature in the capacity tank, a liquid level sensor for monitoring the electrolyte level, and a gas monitoring and protection device and a leakage monitoring device for monitoring the safety of the electrolyte storage tank. The first temperature sensor, the liquid level sensor, the gas monitoring and protection device, and the leakage monitoring device are respectively connected to the first battery management unit.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a photothermal device for heating and keeping the capacity box warm is also provided outside the capacity box, and the photothermal device is connected to the first battery management unit.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the conveying and distributing box is provided with an electrolyte supply pipeline, a heat exchanger, a coolant circulation pipeline connected to the heat exchanger, and at least a portion of the electrolyte distribution device. The electrolyte supply pipeline and the coolant circulation pipeline are equipped with solenoid valves for controlling the electrolyte supply pipeline and the coolant circulation pipeline, and drive pumps for driving the flow of electrolyte and coolant. The conveying and distributing box also includes a monitoring component, which includes a flow sensor for monitoring electrolyte flow rate and coolant flow rate, a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the electrolyte supply pipeline and the coolant circulation pipeline, a second temperature sensor for detecting electrolyte temperature, an OCV (open circuit voltage) monitoring device for monitoring open circuit voltage, a power distribution range acquisition device for monitoring power distribution range, a flow distribution range acquisition device for monitoring flow distribution range, and a positive and negative voltage difference acquisition device for monitoring positive and negative voltage differences.

[0010] The heat exchanger, the solenoid valve, the frequency converter driving the pump, the flow sensor, the second temperature sensor, the OCV monitoring device, the power distribution range acquisition device, the flow distribution range acquisition device, and the positive and negative pressure difference acquisition device are connected to the second battery management unit.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the combiner control cabinet is used to collect DC side parameters, status, and alarm information and transmit them to the BMS main controller.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the power box is provided with a fan cooling device, a capacity recovery management device, and a SOC adjustment device, which are connected to the BMS main controller.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the power box is further provided with a fuel cell stack and an inlet / outlet pipe assembly connected to the fuel cell stack. Multiple fuel cell stacks are provided, and the inlet / outlet pipe assemblies are provided corresponding to the fuel cell stacks. An inlet pipe row is provided at the bottom of the power box, and an outlet pipe row is provided at the top of the power box.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the liquid inlet and outlet pipe group includes a corrugated pipe, a positive electrode liquid inlet pipe row, a negative electrode liquid inlet pipe row, a positive electrode liquid outlet pipe row and a negative electrode liquid outlet pipe row. The positive electrode liquid inlet pipe row and the negative electrode liquid inlet pipe row are connected to the liquid inlet pipe row, and the positive electrode liquid outlet pipe row and the negative electrode liquid outlet pipe row are connected to the liquid outlet pipe row.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, a high-voltage cable bridge and a low-voltage cable bridge are also provided inside the power box. The high-voltage cable bridge is used for laying and fixing high-voltage cables, and the low-voltage cable bridge is used for laying low-voltage cables.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the BMS special cabin and the busbar control cabinet are oppositely arranged on both sides or the same side of the power box.

[0017] Adopting the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects obtained by the present application are as follows:

[0018] 1. Adopting the above first battery management unit, second battery management unit, and BMS layout method shortens the information flow path, can improve the data processing speed and system response speed, and enhance the anti-electromagnetic interference ability. Based on the fused global information, more accurate and faster system-level control can be carried out to achieve the interlocking protection of abnormal conditions such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, temperature abnormality, and flow rate abnormality of the flow battery system.

[0019] 2. Adopting the flow battery system structure in the present application can realize the modular and centralized design of the flow battery system, facilitate on-site installation, can shorten the construction period of the flow battery energy storage system, and facilitate rapid expansion when needed.

[0020] 3. In the above solution, by setting up the conveying and distribution box, most of the electrolyte supply pipeline structure, heat exchanger and coolant circulation pipeline are separated from the power box, reducing the occupation of the internal installation space of the power box and simplifying the internal structure composition of the power box. On the one hand, it can reduce the difficulty of pipeline operation and maintenance management and reduce the operation and maintenance cost. On the other hand, it can also decouple the power box and the capacity box, significantly improve the space utilization rate in the container, avoid too many pipelines in the power box, facilitate improving the energy density of the power box, and at the same time can also avoid the problem of difficult heat dissipation caused by complex pipeline structure, facilitate improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the power box, and ensure that the stack operates at an appropriate temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view of an example all-vanadium redox flow battery system.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a frontal view of the layout of a power box section in an example.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view of the layout of a power box section in an example.

[0025] List of components and reference numerals:

[0026] 1 Capacity box; 2 First battery management unit; 3 Second battery management unit; 4 Delivery and distribution box; 5 BMS dedicated compartment; 6 Power box; 7 Busbar control cabinet; 8 Outlet pipe row; 9 Inlet pipe row; 10 High-voltage cable tray; 11 Low-voltage cable tray; 12 Battery stack; 13 Corrugated hose; 81 Positive outlet pipe row; 82 Negative outlet pipe row; 91 Positive inlet pipe row; 92 Negative inlet pipe row. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this utility model, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] It should be noted that many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this application provides an all-vanadium redox flow battery system, which includes a capacity tank 1 and a power tank 6, and a delivery and distribution tank 4. The capacity tank 1 is equipped with a first battery management unit 2, and the delivery and distribution tank 4 is equipped with a second battery management unit 3. The outer wall of the power tank 6 is equipped with a dedicated BMS (Battery Management System) compartment 5 and a combiner control cabinet 7. The dedicated BMS compartment 5 is equipped with a BMS main controller, which is connected to the first battery management unit 2, the second battery management unit 3, and the combiner control cabinet 7. Preferably, the dedicated BMS compartment 5 and the combiner control cabinet 7 are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the power tank 6, and the first battery management unit 2 and the second battery management unit 3 are respectively arranged outside the capacity tank 1 and the delivery and distribution tank 4. Of course, the dedicated BMS compartment 5 and the combiner control cabinet 7 can also be arranged on the same side or adjacent side of the power tank 6, and this application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0030] In the above scheme, by setting up the delivery and distribution box 4, most of the electrolyte supply pipeline structure, as well as the heat exchanger and coolant circulation pipeline, are separated from the power box 6. This reduces the space occupied inside the power box 6 and simplifies its internal structure. On the one hand, it reduces the difficulty of pipeline operation and maintenance management and lowers maintenance costs. On the other hand, it decouples the power box 6 from the capacity box 1, significantly improving the space utilization within the container. It avoids excessive piping in the power box 6, facilitating the addition of the fuel cell stack 12 to increase the energy density of the power box 6. It also avoids the heat dissipation difficulties caused by complex piping structures, improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the power box 6 and ensuring that the fuel cell stack 12 operates at a suitable temperature. Furthermore, this structure enables modular and centralized design of the flow battery system, facilitating on-site installation, shortening the construction cycle of the flow battery energy storage system, and allowing for rapid capacity expansion when needed.

[0031] By placing the first battery management unit 2, the second battery management unit 3, the BMS dedicated compartment 5, and the combiner control cabinet 7 outside the capacity tank 1, the conveying and distribution box 4, and the power box 6, the installation space outside the capacity tank 1, the conveying and distribution box 4, and the power box 6 can be fully utilized. In subsequent operation and maintenance management, the first battery management unit 2, the second battery management unit 3, and the MBS main controller can be operated directly from outside the capacity tank 1, the conveying and distribution box 4, and the power box 6 without frequently opening and entering and exiting the capacity tank 1, the conveying and distribution box 4, and the power box 6, thus reducing the difficulty of operation and maintenance.

[0032] Specifically, in one example, the capacity tank 1 contains an electrolyte storage tank and a monitoring component. The monitoring component includes a first temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature within the capacity tank, a level sensor for monitoring the electrolyte level, and a gas monitoring and protection device and a leakage monitoring device for monitoring the safety of the electrolyte storage tank. The first temperature sensor, level sensor, gas monitoring and protection device, and leakage monitoring device are all connected to a first battery management unit 2. The level sensor, gas monitoring and protection device, and leakage monitoring device are managed by the first battery management unit 2, which collects, processes, and transmits the operating signals from these devices to the BMS main controller. The delivery and distribution tank 4 contains an electrolyte supply pipeline, a heat exchanger, a coolant circulation pipeline connected to the heat exchanger, and at least a portion of the electrolyte distribution device. The electrolyte supply pipeline and coolant circulation pipeline are equipped with solenoid valves for controlling the electrolyte supply pipeline and coolant circulation pipeline, as well as valves for driving... The pump drives the flow of electrolyte and coolant, and also includes a delivery and distribution tank 4 monitoring component. The delivery and distribution tank 4 monitoring component includes a flow sensor for monitoring electrolyte and coolant flow rates, a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the electrolyte supply line and coolant circulation line, a second temperature sensor for detecting electrolyte temperature, an OCV monitoring device for monitoring open-circuit voltage, a power distribution range acquisition device for monitoring power distribution range differences, a flow distribution range acquisition device for monitoring flow distribution range differences, and a positive and negative pressure difference acquisition device for monitoring positive and negative pressure differences. It also includes a heat exchanger and a solenoid valve. The inverter driving the pump, flow sensor, second temperature sensor, OCV monitoring device, power distribution range acquisition device, flow distribution range acquisition device, and positive and negative pressure difference acquisition device are connected to the second battery management unit 3. The aforementioned solenoid valve, drive pump, flow sensor, pressure sensor, second temperature sensor, OCV monitoring device, power distribution range acquisition device, flow distribution range acquisition device, and positive and negative pressure difference acquisition device are managed by the second battery management unit 3. The second battery management unit 3 collects and processes the operating signals of the solenoid valve, drive pump, and conveying and distribution box 4 monitoring components and aggregates them. The signal is sent to the BMS main controller; the power box 6 is equipped with a fan cooling device, a capacity recovery management device, and a SOC (State of Charge, flow battery) regulation device. The fan cooling device, capacity recovery management device, and SOC regulation device are connected to the BMS main controller. The BMS main controller directly collects and processes the working signals of the fan cooling device, capacity recovery management device, and SOC regulation device and directly manages the fan cooling device, capacity recovery management device, and SOC regulation device; the combiner control cabinet 7 uploads DC side parameters, status, and alarm information to the BMS main controller.Preferably, the unified system information collected and processed by the first battery management unit 2, the second battery management unit 3, the BMS main controller, and the busbar control cabinet 7 is output to the EMS (Energy Management System) or the local monitoring system through a high-speed interface such as Ethernet in a standardized data format, such as 104, 61850, Modbus TCP, etc.

[0033] Adopting the above solution shortens the information flow path, improves the data processing speed and the system response speed. Based on the fused global information, more accurate and faster system-level control can be performed to achieve the interlocking protection of abnormal conditions such as overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, temperature abnormality, and flow rate abnormality of the flow battery system.

[0034] Preferably, a solar thermal device for heating and insulating the capacity tank 1 is further provided outside the capacity tank 1. The solar thermal device is connected to the first battery management unit 2 and is also managed by the first battery management unit 2. The solar thermal device collects and processes the working signals of the solar thermal device and converges and transports them to the BMS main controller. By setting the solar thermal device, the capacity tank 1 can be heated and insulated by using solar-thermal conversion. Compared with the existing electric heating and insulation method, it can greatly reduce energy consumption, reduce operating costs, and eliminate safety hazards such as electric leakage and fire caused by electric heating, and improve the operating safety performance of the flow battery system.

[0035] It should be noted here that the present application does not specifically limit the specific structures, models, and layout methods of the various sensors / monitoring devices, fan cooling devices, capacity recovery management devices, SOC adjustment devices, solar thermal devices, solenoid valves, drive pumps, etc. included in the above-mentioned capacity tank 1 monitoring component and the conveying and distribution tank 4 monitoring component. They can be adaptively selected and adjusted according to actual application requirements and cost limitations. Similarly, the present application does not specifically limit the models of the first battery management unit 2, the second battery management unit 3, the BMS main controller, and the busbar control cabinet 7, and they can also be adaptively selected and adjusted according to actual application requirements and cost limitations.

[0036] Further, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a stack 12 and an inlet and outlet liquid pipe group connected to the stack 12 are further provided inside the power box 6. There are multiple stacks 12, and the inlet and outlet liquid pipe group is arranged corresponding to the stack 12; an inlet liquid pipe row 9 is provided at the lower part of the power box 6, and an outlet liquid pipe row 8 is provided at the upper part of the power box 6. In one example, continue to refer to Figure 2 and [[ID=ID=19]] Figure 3As shown, the power box 6 also contains a fuel cell stack 12 and inlet / outlet pipe assemblies connected to the fuel cell stack 12. Multiple fuel cell stacks 12 are provided, and the inlet / outlet pipe assemblies correspond to each fuel cell stack 12. The lower part of the power box 6 has an inlet pipe row 9, and the upper part has an outlet pipe row 8. The inlet / outlet pipe assemblies include corrugated pipes, a positive electrode inlet pipe row 91, a negative electrode inlet pipe row 92, a positive electrode outlet pipe row 81, and a negative electrode outlet pipe row 82. The positive electrode inlet pipe row 91 and the negative electrode inlet pipe row 92 are connected to the inlet pipe row 9, and the positive electrode outlet pipe row 81 and the negative electrode outlet pipe row 82 are connected to the outlet pipe row 8. Preferably, the power box 6 also contains a high-voltage cable tray 10 and a low-voltage cable tray 11. The high-voltage cable tray 10 is used to support and fix high-voltage cables (such as the wires of the fuel cell stack 12), and the low-voltage cable tray 11 is used to support low-voltage cables (such as various signal lines). With the above-described piping arrangement, the specifications of the inlet and outlet liquid pipe groups can be flexibly customized according to the number of fuel cell stacks 12, greatly facilitating the spatial layout of the fuel cell stacks 12 and meeting the liquid supply requirements for fuel cell stacks 12 with different power ratings. The fuel cell stacks 12 also adopt a bottom-in, top-out liquid inlet and outlet method. Taking the positive electrode side of the fuel cell stack 12 as an example, the positive electrode electrolyte enters from the lower left corner and flows out from the upper right corner, which can ensure that the electrolyte fills all fuel cell stacks 12.

[0037] The technical solutions protected by this utility model are not limited to the above embodiments. It should be noted that any combination of the technical solutions of any embodiment with one or more other embodiments is within the protection scope of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail above with general descriptions and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of this utility model are within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A vanadium redox flow battery system, comprising a capacity tank and a power tank, characterized in that, It also includes a conveying and distribution box, the capacity box is equipped with a first battery management unit, the conveying and distribution box is equipped with a second battery management unit, the outer wall of the power box is equipped with a BMS dedicated compartment and a combiner control cabinet, the BMS dedicated compartment is equipped with a BMS main controller, and the BMS main controller is connected to the first battery management unit, the second battery management unit and the combiner control cabinet respectively; The capacity tank is equipped with an electrolyte storage tank and a capacity tank monitoring component. The capacity tank monitoring component includes a first temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature in the capacity tank, a liquid level sensor for monitoring the electrolyte level, and a gas monitoring and protection device and a leakage monitoring device for monitoring the safety of the electrolyte storage tank. The first temperature sensor, the liquid level sensor, the gas monitoring and protection device, and the leakage monitoring device are respectively connected to the first battery management unit. The conveying and distribution box is equipped with an electrolyte supply pipeline, a heat exchanger, a coolant circulation pipeline connected to the heat exchanger, and at least a portion of the electrolyte distribution device. The electrolyte supply pipeline and the coolant circulation pipeline are equipped with solenoid valves for controlling the electrolyte supply pipeline and the coolant circulation pipeline, as well as drive pumps for driving the flow of electrolyte and coolant. The power box is also equipped with a fuel cell stack and an inlet / outlet pipe assembly connected to the fuel cell stack. Multiple fuel cell stacks are provided, and the inlet / outlet pipe assemblies are arranged corresponding to the fuel cell stacks. The lower part of the power box is provided with an inlet pipe row, and the upper part of the power box is provided with an outlet pipe row. The combiner control cabinet is used to collect DC side parameters, status, and alarm information and transmit them to the BMS main controller.

2. The all-vanadium redox flow battery system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outside of the capacity box is also provided with a photothermal device for heating and keeping the capacity box warm, and the photothermal device is connected to the first battery management unit.

3. The all-vanadium redox flow battery system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a conveying and distribution box monitoring component, which includes a flow sensor for monitoring electrolyte flow and cooling flow, a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the electrolyte supply pipeline and the cooling circulation pipeline, a second temperature sensor for detecting electrolyte temperature, an OCV monitoring device for monitoring open circuit voltage, a power distribution range acquisition device for monitoring power distribution range, a flow distribution range acquisition device for monitoring flow distribution range, and a positive and negative electrode pressure difference acquisition device for monitoring positive and negative electrode pressure difference. The heat exchanger, the solenoid valve, the frequency converter driving the pump, the flow sensor, the second temperature sensor, the OCV monitoring device, the power distribution range acquisition device, the flow distribution range acquisition device, and the positive and negative pressure difference acquisition device are connected to the second battery management unit.

4. The all-vanadium redox flow battery system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power box is equipped with a fan cooling device, a capacity recovery management device, and a SOC adjustment device, which are connected to the BMS main controller.

5. The all-vanadium redox flow battery system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet and outlet pipe assembly includes a corrugated pipe, a positive electrode inlet pipe row, a negative electrode inlet pipe row, a positive electrode outlet pipe row, and a negative electrode outlet pipe row. The positive electrode inlet pipe row and the negative electrode inlet pipe row are connected to the inlet pipe row, and the positive electrode outlet pipe row and the negative electrode outlet pipe row are connected to the outlet pipe row.

6. The all-vanadium redox flow battery system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power box is also equipped with a high-voltage cable tray and a low-voltage cable tray. The high-voltage cable tray is used to support and fix high-voltage cables, and the low-voltage cable tray is used to support low-voltage cables.

7. The all-vanadium redox flow battery system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The BMS dedicated compartment and the combiner control cabinet are arranged opposite each other on either side or on the same side of the power box.

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