Machine for harvesting onions

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of harvesting machines of hair scallion picking and cutting leaf and soil, including rack, and be set to rack on: scallion leaf gather mechanism, install in the first end of rack along operating direction;Shovel mechanism, set to the same side of scallion leaf gather mechanism and located just below it;Hair scallion conveying turnover mechanism, set to the second end of rack away from first end;Conveying turnover compression mechanism, install in one side of hair scallion conveying turnover mechanism and with its clamping work section corresponding;Hair scallion leaf cutting mechanism, set to the end output side of hair scallion conveying turnover mechanism;Wherein, scallion leaf gather mechanism, shovel mechanism, hair scallion conveying turnover mechanism, conveying turnover compression mechanism and hair scallion leaf cutting mechanism are sequentially arranged along hair scallion processing path.The utility model has the advantages of being able to complete excavation, soil removal, turnover and accurate leaf cutting in one time, and adapting to hair scallion cluster growth creeping form.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a harvester for picking, cutting leaves, and removing soil from scallions. Background Technology

[0002] As an important economic crop, the harvesting process of shallots is quite complicated. After the shallots mature, their leaves often lie flat on the ground, and usually three or four bulbs grow in a cluster. In terms of planting patterns, double rows on one ridge and triangular staggered planting are commonly used. The traditional harvesting process requires that the shallots be dug out of the soil first, then the leaves are cut, then they are spread out to dry, and finally they can be bagged. At present, this process mainly relies on manual labor.

[0003] Existing technologies include some onion harvesting machinery, mostly tractor-tethered, using an eccentric wheel-driven bucket to vibrate and dig the onions from the soil, then using vibration to initially remove the soil before scattering them in the field. However, the core function of these devices is focused on digging and initial soil removal, generally lacking integrated, automated leaf-cutting capabilities. Harvested onions still require manual secondary leaf-cutting, failing to fundamentally reduce overall harvesting costs and exhibiting insufficient automation. Furthermore, some harvesting or leaf-cutting equipment exists both domestically and internationally for root crops like radishes, such as using rotating cutter rollers to shred or cut the leaves before or after digging. However, the physical morphology of onions (clustered growth, creeping leaves), planting methods, and specific requirements for leaf-cutting precision make them significantly different from crops like radishes. Directly applying existing technologies makes it difficult to achieve efficient, low-damage, and controllable-length onion harvesting operations.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the above-mentioned technical problems, there is an urgent need to design an automated harvesting equipment that can adapt to the characteristics of shallot planting and integrate digging, soil removal, turning and precise leaf cutting functions to realize a one-time operation of the entire shallot harvesting process, effectively replace manual labor, and improve harvesting efficiency and quality. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a scallion harvesting, leaf cutting, and soil removal machine that can complete digging, soil removal, turning, and precise leaf cutting in one go, and is adapted to the clump-growing and creeping form of scallions, thus solving the problems in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A scallion harvester for picking, cutting leaves, and removing soil includes a frame and a component mounted on the frame: A scallion leaf gathering mechanism is installed at the first end of the frame along the working direction; The soil-moving mechanism is located on the same side as the onion leaf gathering mechanism and directly below it; The scallion conveying and flipping mechanism is located at the second end of the frame, away from the first end; The conveying and flipping clamping mechanism is installed on one side of the scallion conveying and flipping mechanism and corresponds to its clamping working section; The scallion leaf cutting mechanism is located at the end output side of the scallion conveying and flipping mechanism; The onion leaf gathering mechanism, soil shoveling mechanism, onion conveying and turning mechanism, conveying, turning and pressing mechanism, and onion leaf cutting mechanism are arranged sequentially along the onion processing path.

[0007] Preferably, the scallion leaf gathering mechanism includes two gathering rods hinged to the frame, a first drive motor fixed to the gathering rods, and gathering rollers fixed to the output shaft of the first drive motor.

[0008] It is worth noting that the gathering mechanism is designed to allow for flexible adjustment of the opening width through the hinged gathering rod, thereby adapting to different ridge widths and the triangular staggered planting pattern of shallots, ensuring effective coverage. The first drive motor drives the gathering roller to rotate actively, which can effectively lift, gather and guide the shallot leaves that are lying flat on the ground or intertwined to the subsequent mechanism. This active leaf-lifting method avoids the leaf pulling damage or omission that is easily caused by passive soil shoveling, significantly improving the harvest integrity rate and creating favorable conditions for subsequent smooth clamping and turning.

[0009] Preferably, the earthmoving mechanism includes a bucket, an angle adjusting linkage, and an electric cylinder. One end of the angle adjusting linkage is hinged to the frame, and the other end of the angle adjusting linkage is hinged to the bucket. The cylinder body of the electric cylinder is hinged to the frame, and the output shaft of the electric cylinder is hinged to the middle of the angle adjusting linkage.

[0010] It is worth noting that the four-bar linkage adjustment mechanism, which is driven by an electric cylinder to adjust the angle of the bucket, can adjust the entry angle and digging depth of the bucket in real time, accurately and effortlessly. This allows the device to flexibly adapt to the operational needs under different soil hardness and moisture conditions, and maintain stable digging performance in uneven fields. The optimized entry angle can reduce the forward resistance of the bucket, while cutting the roots of the shallots more cleanly and efficiently and loosening the soil, effectively separating the shallots from the soil, reducing the difficulty of subsequent soil removal and the risk of bulb damage, and improving the quality and consistency of the digging operation.

[0011] Preferably, the scallion conveying and turning mechanism includes a second drive motor, a drive shaft and a driven shaft driven by the second drive motor, and a synchronous belt surrounding the drive pulley mounted on the drive shaft and the driven pulley mounted on the driven shaft; The spatial installation positions of the drive shaft and the driven shaft are set such that the synchronous belt twists at least 90 degrees in the section from the drive pulley to the driven pulley, so that the shallots held between the synchronous belts can complete the flipping with the bulbs facing up and the leaves facing down.

[0012] It is worth noting that this flipping mechanism utilizes spatially staggered pulleys to twist the synchronous belt during transport, thereby automatically and continuously flipping the gripped onions from their natural posture upon excavation (bulbs down, leaves up, or lying flat) to an ideal posture with bulbs facing upwards and leaves drooping downwards. This design cleverly uses the continuous transport process to complete the posture adjustment, eliminating the need for additional complex flipping robots or intermittent actions. The structure is simple and reliable. The flipped posture allows the onion leaves to droop naturally and converge, providing a clear and consistent cutting reference plane for the subsequent cutting mechanism, which is a key prerequisite for ensuring precise and controllable leaf cutting length.

[0013] Preferably, the conveyor flipping and pressing mechanism includes a swing arm rotatably mounted on the frame, a pressure roller disposed on the swing arm, and an elastic element connecting the other end of the swing arm and the frame. The pressure roller is pressed against the outer side of the section where the synchronous belt is twisted under the preload of the elastic element.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic element is a compression spring or a torsion spring.

[0015] It is worth noting that this clamping mechanism provides a constant preload through elastic elements (such as compression springs or torsion springs), driving the rocker arm to keep the pressure roller always in contact with the outer side of the torsional section of the synchronous belt. This elastic clamping method can adapt to the thickness changes of the synchronous belt caused by clamping the onions and the varying sizes of the onion clusters, ensuring that the onions are stably clamped during flipping and conveying, preventing slippage or excessive compression. Especially for onions with three or four bulbs clustered together, the elastic clamping can better accommodate their irregular shape, ensuring the reliability of the flipping action and the continuity of conveying, thereby guaranteeing the smooth operation of the entire process.

[0016] Preferably, the scallion leaf cutting mechanism includes a fixed block fixed to the frame, a third drive motor fixed to the fixed block, and a rotating cutter rotatably mounted on the frame, wherein the output shaft of the third drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft on the rotating cutter.

[0017] It is worth noting that the cutting mechanism directly drives a high-speed rotating blade via a third drive motor to cut the leaves of onions that have been flipped, have their bulbs facing upwards, and have been stably transported to a designated position. Since the onions have been flipped and are basically aligned, the rotating blade can make a concentrated cut at the base of the drooping leaves in one go, resulting in high cutting efficiency. The cutting mechanism can be adjusted in height as a whole, thereby precisely controlling the stubble length of the cut leaves. This avoids damaging the upper part of the bulbs due to cutting too short, which could lead to rotting during storage, while also preventing the leaves from being too long, which could affect subsequent bagging and product appearance. This meets the strict requirements for leaf cutting quality in the commercial processing of onions.

[0018] Preferably, the frame is equipped with a controller for controlling the operation of the first drive motor, the second drive motor and the third drive motor.

[0019] It is worth noting that the integrated controller, as the core of the machine's control, can coordinate the start and stop and speed matching of each drive motor. It can realize the sequential linkage control of processes such as gathering, digging, conveying, flipping, and cutting, ensuring that the actions of each mechanism are smooth and rhythmically matched, forming an efficient and stable automated production line. Through preset programs or simple operation, the controller enables the device to complete the entire process from field to leaf cutting with one click, greatly reducing the skill requirements and labor intensity of operators, improving the automation and intelligence level of the whole machine, and ensuring the efficiency and reliability of harvesting operations.

[0020] Preferably, the elastic element is a compression spring, one end of which is connected to the swing arm and the other end is connected to the frame.

[0021] It is worth noting that this technical solution specifically defines the elastic element as a compression spring. The compression spring, with its compact structure, convenient installation, and simple preload adjustment, can provide a stable and continuous elastic thrust to the swing arm, ensuring that the pressure roller is always pressed against and tightly against the outside of the torsional section of the synchronous belt with a constant pressure. Compared with the torsion spring, the compression spring has better fatigue life and force stability under long-term vibration conditions. It is particularly suitable for dynamic load changes caused by soil turbulence and uneven size of onion clusters during field operations, ensuring that the clamping force is always maintained within a suitable range, preventing the onions from slipping off and avoiding squeezing and damaging the bulbs.

[0022] Preferably, the twist angle of the synchronous belt is between 90 and 180 degrees.

[0023] It is worth noting that this technical solution further optimizes the twisting angle of the synchronous belt from "at least 90 degrees" to a specific range of "90 degrees to 180 degrees". When the twisting angle is 90 degrees, it is sufficient to allow the shallots, which were originally with the bulbs at the bottom and the leaves at the top, to complete a basic posture flip. When the twisting angle increases to more than 90 degrees or even 180 degrees, gravity can be used to assist in soil removal, allowing the shallots held between the synchronous belts to achieve a more thorough soil shaking effect during long-distance transport. Experiments have verified that a twisting range of 90 degrees to 180 degrees can achieve thorough flipping and full soil removal of shallots of different sizes and cluster shapes while ensuring that the shallots are stably held, and at the same time avoid excessive wear of the synchronous belt or shedding of the shallots due to excessive twisting.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The beneficial effect of this utility model is that by setting up a scallion leaf gathering mechanism, a soil shoveling mechanism, a scallion conveying and turning mechanism, a conveying, turning and pressing mechanism, and a scallion leaf cutting mechanism that work in sequence and cooperate with each other, a continuous automated processing line from the field to the completion of leaf cutting is constructed, realizing the integrated operation of scallion digging, soil removal, turning and leaf cutting, solving the problem of single function and reliance on manual secondary leaf cutting in the existing technology, significantly improving harvesting efficiency and reducing overall costs; 2. In response to the characteristics of scallion leaves being laid flat, clustered, and planted in a triangular pattern, the gathering mechanism's gathering rod and rotating gathering rollers first effectively lift and gather the messy, ground-hugging scallion leaves; the soil-shoveling mechanism then shovels up the scallions along with the soil and separates them; through the spatially staggered pulleys in the conveying and flipping mechanism, the synchronous belt is twisted, thereby automatically and continuously flipping the scallions of different postures into an ideal state with the bulbs facing upwards and the leaves drooping downwards during the conveying process, and combined with the elastic pressing mechanism to ensure stable conveying, this series of posture pretreatments creates the necessary conditions for subsequent precise leaf cutting; 3. The rotating blades of the cutting mechanism cut the scallions, which have been flipped and aligned and whose leaves are concentrated and drooping, in one go. This integrated process not only ensures the precise control of the leaf cutting length and avoids damage to the bulbs or leaving too many leaves, but also, through the coordination of the controller, makes the actions of each link consistent and matched, which greatly reduces the intensity of operation and skill requirements. It achieves a high degree of adaptation to the special physical morphology and agronomic requirements of scallions, and significantly improves the harvest quality and the level of automation of the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of this utility model; Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the scallion leaf gathering mechanism of this utility model. Figure 3 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the onion conveying and flipping mechanism of this utility model. Figure 4 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the conveying, flipping, and pressing mechanism and the onion leaf cutting mechanism of this utility model. Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the earth-moving mechanism of this utility model. Figure 6 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the controller of this utility model.

[0026] Reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Frame; 2. Onion leaf gathering mechanism; 21. Gathering rod; 22. First drive motor; 23. Gathering roller; 3. Soil-shoveling mechanism; 31. Bucket; 32. Angle adjustment linkage; 33. Electric cylinder; 4. Onion conveying and turning mechanism; 41. Second drive motor; 42. Drive shaft; 43. Driven shaft; 44. Synchronous belt; 5. Conveying, turning, and pressing mechanism; 51. Swing rod; 52. Pressure roller; 53. Elastic element; 6. Onion leaf cutting mechanism; 61. Fixing block; 62. Third drive motor; 63. Rotating cutter; 7. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] To address the shortcomings of existing onion harvesting machinery, such as limited functionality, lack of integrated leaf-cutting capabilities, reliance on manual secondary operations, low efficiency, and difficulty in adapting to the unique physical characteristics and cultivation methods of onions, the following technical solution is proposed. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-6 ; A scallion harvester for picking, cutting leaves, and removing soil includes a frame 1 and a component mounted on the frame 1: The scallion leaf gathering mechanism 2 is installed at the first end of the frame 1 along the working direction; The soil-moving mechanism 3 is located on the same side as the onion leaf gathering mechanism 2 and directly below it; The scallion conveying and flipping mechanism 4 is located on the second end of the frame 1, away from the first end; The conveying and flipping clamping mechanism 5 is installed on one side of the scallion conveying and flipping mechanism 4 and corresponds to its clamping working section; The scallion leaf cutting mechanism 6 is located at the end output side of the scallion conveying and flipping mechanism 4; Among them, the onion leaf gathering mechanism 2, the soil shoveling mechanism 3, the onion conveying and turning mechanism 4, the conveying, turning and pressing mechanism 5, and the onion leaf cutting mechanism 6 are arranged in sequence along the onion processing path.

[0029] The core of this scallion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine lies in integrating the traditionally separate processes of digging, soil cleaning, sorting, and leaf-cutting into an automated operation path through the sequential and spatial coordination of various functional modules.

[0030] When in use, the machine first moves along the planting ridge. The scallion leaf gathering mechanism 2 at the front end actively gathers and lifts the scallion leaves that are laid flat and intertwined on the ground, changing the disordered state into an orderly guide, creating the initial conditions for subsequent clamping operations. Next, the soil-shoveling mechanism 3, located directly below the onion leaf gathering mechanism 2, completes the actions of entering the soil, digging up and separating the roots from the soil during its movement, so that the onion plant is removed from the soil and the soil is initially removed. Subsequently, the dug-up shallots enter the shallot conveying and flipping mechanism 4. The core function of this mechanism is the standardization of material posture: through a specific spatial conveying path design, the shallots with randomly input postures are forced to adjust to a uniform posture with the bulbs facing upwards and the leaf clusters facing downwards during the conveying process. This flipping action is a key prerequisite for achieving precise leaf cutting in the subsequent process. At the same time, the conveying, flipping and pressing mechanism 5 applies appropriate elastic constraints to the scallions during the flipping process to ensure that they remain stable during posture changes and conveying, and to prevent slippage or deviation. Finally, the scallions that have completed posture standardization and are transported to the end reach the scallion leaf cutting mechanism 6. At this time, all the scallions are presented with the bulbs on top and the leaves and roots neatly aligned. The cutting mechanism performs the cutting operation on a uniform height reference, removing the leaf clusters in one go, thereby achieving the process requirements of consistent cut length and no damage to the bulbs.

[0031] In summary, the entire system achieves one-time automated processing from a messy field state to a harvested finished product through the continuous and coordinated operation of the onion leaf gathering mechanism 2, the soil shoveling mechanism 3, the onion conveying and turning mechanism 4, the conveying, turning and pressing mechanism 5, and the onion leaf cutting mechanism 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, specifically, the scallion leaf gathering mechanism 2 includes two gathering rods 21 hinged to the frame 1, a first drive motor 22 fixed to the gathering rods 21, and a gathering roller 23 fixed to the output shaft of the first drive motor 22.

[0033] In this embodiment, specifically, the shoveling mechanism 3 includes a bucket 31, an angle adjusting link 32, and an electric cylinder 33. One end of the angle adjusting link 32 is hinged to the frame 1, and the other end of the angle adjusting link 32 is hinged to the bucket 31. The cylinder body of the electric cylinder 33 is hinged to the frame 1, and the output shaft of the electric cylinder 33 is hinged to the middle of the angle adjusting link 32.

[0034] In this embodiment, the onion conveying and flipping mechanism 4 specifically includes a second drive motor 41, a drive shaft 42 and a driven shaft 43 driven by the second drive motor 41, and a synchronous belt 44 surrounding the drive pulley mounted on the drive shaft 42 and the driven pulley mounted on the driven shaft 43. The spatial installation positions of the drive shaft 42 and the driven shaft 43 are set such that the synchronous belt 44 twists at least 90 degrees in the section from the drive pulley to the driven pulley, so that the shallots held between the synchronous belt 44 can complete the flipping with the bulbs facing up and the leaves facing down.

[0035] In this embodiment, specifically, the conveying flipping and pressing mechanism 5 includes a swing rod 51 rotatably mounted on the frame 1, a pressure roller 52 disposed on the swing rod 51, and an elastic element 53 connected between the other end of the swing rod 51 and the frame 1. The pressure roller 52 is pressed against the outer side of the section of the synchronous belt 44 that is twisted under the pre-tightening force of the elastic element 53.

[0036] In this embodiment, specifically, the elastic element 53 is a compression spring or a torsion spring.

[0037] In this embodiment, the onion leaf cutting mechanism 6 specifically includes a fixed block 61 fixed to the frame 1, a third drive motor 62 fixed to the fixed block 61, and a rotating cutter 63 rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The output shaft of the third drive motor 62 is connected to the rotating shaft on the rotating cutter 63.

[0038] In this embodiment, specifically, a controller 7 for controlling the operation of the first drive motor 22, the second drive motor 41 and the third drive motor 62 is provided on the frame 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, specifically, the elastic element 53 is a compression spring, one end of which is connected to the swing arm 51 and the other end is connected to the frame 1.

[0040] In this embodiment, specifically, the twist angle of the synchronous belt 44 is 90 degrees to 180 degrees.

[0041] Working principle: Before operation, the controller 7 presets the operating parameters of each mechanism. After the equipment is started, the controller 7 coordinates and controls the first drive motor 22, the second drive motor 41 and the third drive motor 62 to run according to the preset program. As the equipment moves along the working direction, the scallion leaf gathering mechanism 2 works first. The first drive motor 22 drives the gathering roller 23 to rotate, and the two gathering rods 21 gather the scattered and creeping scallion leaves towards the center line of the equipment and lift them up. Next, the soil-shoveling mechanism 3 located directly below it begins to work. The electric cylinder 33 drives the angle adjustment linkage 32 to adjust the soil entry angle of the bucket 31, smoothly shoveling up the scallions and the soil around their roots, thus achieving the initial separation of the scallions from the soil. Subsequently, the scallions are guided and enter the scallion conveying and flipping mechanism 4. The second drive motor 41 drives the drive shaft 42, which drives the driven shaft 43 to rotate through the synchronous belt 44. At the same time, the elastic element 53 (compression spring or torsion spring) of the conveying and flipping clamping mechanism 5 causes the pressure roller 52 to press against the outside of the torsion section of the synchronous belt 44 through the swing rod 51, ensuring that the scallions are stably clamped. During the process of the synchronous belt 44 moving from the driving pulley to the driven pulley, the synchronous belt 44 is twisted at least 90 degrees due to the spatial staggered arrangement of the driving shaft 42 and the driven shaft 43. The scallions sandwiched in it are forced to turn into a uniform posture with the bulbs facing up and the leaves facing down. During the turning process, the attached soil falls off under the action of gravity and vibration, thus completing the soil removal. Finally, the scallions, after being turned over and removed from the soil, are conveyed to the end, where the third drive motor 62 of the scallion leaf cutting mechanism 6 drives the rotating blade 63 to rotate at high speed, precisely cutting the clusters of leaves in one go. The cut scallion bulbs fall into the collection device, thus realizing continuous automated operation of the entire process of scallion harvesting, soil removal, turning over, and leaf cutting.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine for harvesting, cutting leaves, and removing soil from scallions, characterized in that: Includes the rack (1), and the components mounted on the rack (1): Onion leaf gathering mechanism (2) is installed at the first end of the frame (1) along the working direction; The soil-moving mechanism (3) is located on the same side as the onion leaf gathering mechanism (2) and directly below it; The scallion conveying and flipping mechanism (4) is set on the second end of the frame (1) away from the first end; The conveying and flipping clamping mechanism (5) is installed on one side of the scallion conveying and flipping mechanism (4) and corresponds to its clamping working section; The scallion leaf cutting mechanism (6) is located at the end output side of the scallion conveying and flipping mechanism (4); Among them, the onion leaf gathering mechanism (2), the soil shoveling mechanism (3), the onion conveying and turning mechanism (4), the conveying, turning and pressing mechanism (5), and the onion leaf cutting mechanism (6) are arranged in sequence along the onion processing path.

2. The onion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scallion leaf gathering mechanism (2) includes two gathering rods (21) hinged to the frame (1), a first drive motor (22) fixed to the gathering rods (21), and a gathering roller (23) fixed to the output shaft of the first drive motor (22).

3. The onion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shoveling mechanism (3) includes a bucket (31), an angle adjustment link (32) and an electric cylinder (33). One end of the angle adjustment link (32) is hinged to the frame (1), and the other end of the angle adjustment link (32) is hinged to the bucket (31). The cylinder body of the electric cylinder (33) is hinged to the frame (1), and the output shaft of the electric cylinder (33) is hinged to the middle of the angle adjustment link (32).

4. A scallion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scallion conveying and flipping mechanism (4) includes a second drive motor (41), a drive shaft (42) and a driven shaft (43) driven by the second drive motor (41), and a synchronous belt (44) surrounding the drive pulley mounted on the drive shaft (42) and the driven pulley mounted on the driven shaft (43). The spatial installation positions of the drive shaft (42) and the driven shaft (43) are set such that the synchronous belt (44) rotates at least 90 degrees in the section from the drive pulley to the driven pulley, so that the shallots held between the synchronous belts (44) can complete the flipping with the bulbs facing up and the leaves facing down.

5. A scallion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The conveyor flipping and pressing mechanism (5) includes a swing arm (51) rotatably mounted on the frame (1), a pressure roller (52) disposed on the swing arm (51), and an elastic element (53) connected between the other end of the swing arm (51) and the frame (1). The pressure roller (52) is pressed against the outside of the section of the synchronous belt (44) that is twisted under the preload of the elastic element (53).

6. A scallion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic element (53) is a compression spring or a torsion spring.

7. A scallion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scallion leaf cutting mechanism (6) includes a fixed block (61) fixed to the frame (1), a third drive motor (62) fixed to the fixed block (61), and a rotating cutter (63) rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The output shaft of the third drive motor (62) is connected to the rotating shaft on the rotating cutter (63).

8. A scallion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The frame (1) is equipped with a controller (7) for controlling the operation of the first drive motor (22), the second drive motor (41) and the third drive motor (62).

9. A scallion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The elastic element (53) is a compression spring, one end of which is connected to the rocker arm (51) and the other end is connected to the frame (1).

10. A scallion harvesting, leaf-cutting, and soil-removing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The twist angle of the synchronous belt (44) is 90 degrees to 180 degrees.

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