Wearable electroencephalographic monitoring and intervention hat structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a wearable brain electricity monitoring and intervention cap body structure relates to intelligent wearable equipment technical field. The cap body structure includes cap body and cap body framework, and the cap body framework is located in cap body, and the cap body framework includes annular framework, transverse framework and longitudinal framework, and transverse framework includes left horizontal pole and right horizontal pole who sets up respectively left and right direction along the annular framework, and longitudinal hanger includes front longitudinal pole and rear longitudinal pole who sets up respectively front and rear direction along the annular framework, and the inside end of left horizontal pole, right horizontal pole, front longitudinal pole and rear longitudinal pole and top adjusting knob are connected, and the outside end of rear end of annular framework and rear longitudinal pole and rear adjusting knob are connected. The cap body structure is comfortable and stable and has various functions, can satisfy the long -term monitoring of brain -computer interface field, closed -loop control application demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of intelligent wearable device technology, and in particular to a wearable electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring and intervention cap structure. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional EEG recording caps are mostly medical elastic mesh caps or headbands, which are complicated to wear and inconvenient for daily use. Meanwhile, brain function intervention devices (such as transcranial electrical / magnetic stimulation devices) are usually independent of EEG recording devices, making simultaneous monitoring and intervention difficult. Some portable dry electrode EEG devices have emerged, but they suffer from problems such as poor electrode contact, discomfort when worn, and lack of multimodal feedback. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to provide a wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure that is comfortable, stable, and multifunctional, and can meet the application needs of long-term monitoring and closed-loop control in the field of brain-computer interface.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure, including a cap body and a cap frame, wherein the cap frame is located inside the cap body, and the cap frame includes a ring frame, a transverse frame and a longitudinal frame. The transverse frame includes a left crossbar and a right crossbar respectively arranged along the left and right directions of the ring frame. The longitudinal frame includes a front longitudinal bar and a rear longitudinal bar respectively arranged along the front and rear directions of the ring frame. The outer ends of the left and right crossbars are fixedly connected to the ring frame. The front end of the front longitudinal bar is connected to the ring frame. The inner ends of the left crossbar, right crossbar, front longitudinal bar and rear longitudinal bar are connected to the top adjustment knob. The rear end of the ring frame and the outer end of the rear longitudinal bar are connected to the rear adjustment knob.

[0005] A further technical solution is that a number of electrode contacts are arranged on the surface of the cap frame that contacts the human body.

[0006] A further technical solution is that: the electrode contacts are provided with 16 points, which are evenly distributed at predetermined positions on the inner side of the annular frame, the transverse frame, and the longitudinal frame.

[0007] A further technical solution is as follows: the cap body includes an outer fabric layer, an elastic layer, and an inner lining layer. The outer fabric layer is the outermost layer and is a removable and breathable fabric layer. The elastic layer is the next outermost layer, which is close to the frame and all wires and wraps the wiring. The inner lining layer is close to the cap frame and scalp, and is locally thickened to serve as a direct mounting base for each sensor.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the cap structure also includes a variety of sensors and an integrated circuit board unit, wherein the various sensors are electrically connected to the integrated circuit board unit and are used to collect various states of the user.

[0009] A further technical solution is as follows: the sensor includes a bone conduction headphone module and a near-infrared sensor. The bone conduction headphone module is located in the middle of the cap and is positioned close to the ear. When the cap is worn, the bone conduction headphone module can contact the ear. The near-infrared sensor is located on the upper left front of the cap, close to the scalp, with its base embedded in the liner and its sensor head slightly protruding from the elastic layer.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the cap structure also includes a forehead electromagnetic stimulation coil, which is a flat coil embedded in the inner lining of the cap lip, close to the forehead area, and one can be set on each side.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The cap structure described in this application achieves multi-functional integration of EEG signal acquisition and transcranial stimulation, near-infrared monitoring, and auditory feedback under comfortable and stable wearing through a clever cap frame and modular layout, which meets the application needs of long-term monitoring and closed-loop control in the field of brain-computer interface. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cap frame in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cap body in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of functional modules inside the cap in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode contact installation structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electrode contact structure in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top adjustment knob in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] The components are as follows: 1. Ring-shaped frame; 2. Transverse frame; 2a. Left crossbar; 2b. Right crossbar; 3. Longitudinal frame; 3a. Front longitudinal bar; 3b. Rear longitudinal bar; 4. Rear adjustment knob; 5. Top adjustment knob; 6. Electrode contact; 6-1. Upper mounting base; 6-2. Lower mounting base; 6-3. Conductive sheet; 6-4. Wire; 6-5. Bottom cover; 6-6. Clip groove; 6-7. Clip; 6-8. Gel electrode; 7. Forehead electromagnetic stimulation coil; 8. Bone conduction earphone module; 9. Near-infrared sensor; 10. Integrated circuit board unit; 11. Inner liner; 12. Elastic layer; 13. Outer fabric layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0022] like Figures 1-3 As shown in the figure, this utility model discloses a wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure, including a cap body and a cap frame. The cap frame is located inside the cap body. The cap frame includes a ring frame 1, a transverse frame 2, and a longitudinal frame 3. The transverse frame 2 includes a left crossbar 2a and a right crossbar 2b respectively arranged along the left and right directions of the ring frame 1. The longitudinal frame 3 includes a front longitudinal bar 3a and a rear longitudinal bar 3b respectively arranged along the front and rear directions of the ring frame 1. The outer ends of the left crossbar 2a and the right crossbar 2b are fixedly connected to the ring frame 1. The front end of the front longitudinal bar 3a is connected to the ring frame 1. The inner ends of the left crossbar 2a, the right crossbar 2b, the front longitudinal bar 3a, and the rear longitudinal bar 3b are connected to a top adjustment knob 5. The rear end of the ring frame 1 and the outer end of the rear longitudinal bar 3b are connected to a rear adjustment knob 4. Sixteen electrode contacts 6 are arranged on the surface of the cap frame that contacts the human body. The electrode contacts 6 are evenly distributed at preset positions on the inner side of the annular frame, the transverse frame, and the longitudinal frame.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-2As shown in this application, the annular frame 1 surrounds the inner edge of the hat body (corresponding to the position of the traditional hat brim sweatband), indicated by a thick line. It is disconnected at the rear and connected via a rear adjustment knob 4. The transverse frame 2 runs left-right, spanning the center of the hat top, and consists of a left horizontal bar 2a and a right horizontal bar 2b, converging at the center line of the hat top and connecting to the top adjustment knob 5. The longitudinal frame 3 runs front-back, spanning the hat top, and includes a front longitudinal bar 3a and a rear longitudinal bar 3b, also converging at the top with the top adjustment knob 5. The rear adjustment knob 4 is prominently displayed at the center of the rear of the hat body and meshes with gears at both ends of the annular frame. The top adjustment knob 5 is located at the center of the hat top, at the intersection of the transverse and longitudinal frames, exposed, connecting the transverse and longitudinal frames, and can adjust the lengths of the transverse frame 2 and the longitudinal frame 3. The electrode contacts 6 are 16 dot-shaped marks, evenly distributed at predetermined positions on the inner sides of the annular frame, transverse frame, and longitudinal frame. Each point is labeled with a number (E1-E16).

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the hat body includes an outer fabric layer 13, an elastic layer 12, and an inner lining layer 11. The outer fabric layer 13 is the outermost layer and is a removable, breathable fabric layer. The elastic layer 12 is the next outermost layer, closely attached to the frame and all wires, wrapping the wiring. The inner lining layer 11 is closely attached to the hat frame and scalp, with localized thickening, serving as a direct mounting base for various sensors. The hat body structure also includes multiple sensors and an integrated circuit board unit 10. The multiple sensors are electrically connected to the integrated circuit board unit 10 for collecting various states of the user.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the sensor includes a bone conduction headphone module 8 and a near-infrared sensor 9. The bone conduction headphone module 8 is located in the middle of the cap and close to the ear. When the cap is worn, the bone conduction headphone module 8 can contact the ear. The near-infrared sensor 9 is located on the upper left front of the cap, close to the scalp. The base is embedded in the inner lining layer 11, and the sensor head slightly protrudes from the elastic layer 12. The cap structure also includes a forehead electromagnetic stimulation coil 7, which is a flat coil embedded in the inner lining layer 11 of the cap, close to the forehead area, with one coil on each side.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bone conduction headphone module 8, near-infrared sensor 9, and integrated circuit board unit 10 are roughly distributed in the cap body by using dashed outlines and dashed boxes at the corresponding positions in the top view.

[0027] The forehead electromagnetic stimulation coil 7 is a flat coil embedded in the inner lining of the cap, close to the forehead area, with one coil on each side. Its lead wires run inside the elastic layer. The bone conduction headphone module 8 is located on both sides of the cap near the ears, fixed to the inner lining side plate and isolated by shock-absorbing pads. The near-infrared sensor 9 is located on the upper left front, with the probe close to the scalp, the base embedded in the lining, and the sensor head slightly protruding from the elastic layer. The integrated circuit board unit 10 is a rectangular board located at the lower rear of the cap, where the main wiring converges, and it contains the battery module. The wires (multiple) are indicated by dashed lines of different colors, showing the overall routing of all modules to the circuit board. The exposed positions of the rear adjustment knob 4 and the top adjustment knob 5 are connected to the internal gear transmission structure.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the electrode contacts, as shown below. Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the electrode contacts. Contact fixing method: The electrode is embedded in the slot / circular hole section of the frame. Elastic layer / lining wire harness fixing points: This shows how the wiring is positioned using nylon cable ties, embedded in wiring grooves, or slots to prevent loosening. The frame gear adjustment mechanism includes a rear adjustment knob 4 and a top adjustment knob 5, as shown... Figure 6 As shown: Mechanical details of the meshing gear between the knob on the back of the cap and the ring frame (such as internal and external tooth grooves, positioning pawl, and limit snap ring), as well as the connection and telescopic mechanism at the intersection of the knob on the top of the cap and the horizontal and vertical frames.

[0029] Overall structure of the cap (see) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The cap structure of this utility model adopts the shape of a duckbill / baseball cap, including a visor and a hemispherical body. An internal supporting frame is provided, including a ring frame 1, a transverse frame 2, and a longitudinal frame 3, which together constitute the main supporting framework of the cap. The frame material is selected from tough and insulating materials, such as ABS plastic, PP plastic, carbon fiber or bamboo fiber composite materials, glass fiber reinforced nylon, silicone rubber, etc., to ensure that the frame has sufficient strength to support each module while also possessing a certain degree of elasticity and lightweight characteristics.

[0030] The circular frame 1 is arranged in a circle along the inner side of the brim, corresponding to the position of the sweatband on a traditional hat. It is approximately 8–20 mm wide and 5 mm thick, and is divided into two sections at the back of the hat. The left and right sections of the circular frame each have toothed grooves at their rear center ends, which are connected to a rear adjustment knob 4 (see...) via gear engagement. Figure 1 and Figure 6The knob is located on the outer side of the center at the back of the cap. Tightening or loosening the knob pulls the two sections of the ring frame closer or further apart, allowing for fine-tuning of the cap's diameter by approximately 3–5 mm. This mechanism accommodates different head sizes, ensuring that the electrodes inside the ring frame fit snugly against the scalp without excessive pressure. The inner end of the rear adjustment knob 4 is fixed to the ring frame via a bracket, with its vertical height (i.e., the distance between the top of the knob and the frame) approximately 40–60 mm. This ensures sufficient space for the knob and gear mechanism while preventing the cap from bulging excessively.

[0031] The transverse frame 2 consists of a pair of arched supports running left and right, located slightly below the top of the cap (see...). Figure 1 This is equivalent to an arc running from the left temporal region through the top of the head to the right temporal region. The transverse skeleton consists of a left transverse bar 2a and a right transverse bar 2b, which meet at the center of the top of the head. A gear and a top adjustment knob 5 are located at the center of the top of the head (see...). Figure 1 , Figure 6 The top adjustment knob 5 is connected to the left crossbar 2a and the right crossbar 2b via gears. Rotating the knob can simultaneously change the extension length of the two horizontal frames, achieving a 3-5mm fine adjustment in the left and right directions. The width of the horizontal frames is approximately 8-12mm, and the thickness is approximately 5mm. They are arched at a certain angle to the top of the head, making them slightly higher than the scalp surface as they pass through the hair, thus creating space below to accommodate wiring and provide breathability.

[0032] The longitudinal skeleton 3 consists of a pair of arched struts running forward and backward, equivalent to an arc running from the center of the forehead, over the top of the head, to the back of the head (see...). Figure 1 The longitudinal frame consists of a front longitudinal bar 3a and a rear longitudinal bar 3b, connected at the center of the top of the head (where it intersects with the transverse frame) via a gear mechanism using the same top adjustment knob 5. Similarly, the top adjustment knob 5 allows the front longitudinal bar 3a and the rear longitudinal bar 3b to extend or retract relative to each other by 3–5 mm. Thus, the transverse and longitudinal frames share a central knob for front-to-back dimensional adjustment. The longitudinal frame has similar dimensions to the transverse frame (8–12 mm wide, 5 mm thick) and is similarly arched to conform to the head's curvature.

[0033] The intersection and fixation of the three-way frame: The transverse frame 2 and the longitudinal frame 3 intersect perpendicularly at the center of the hat top, and are connected and fixed by a set of gear / knob assemblies (see...). Figure 1The connector ensures vertical support for both frames and allows for length adjustment via knobs. The top adjustment knob 5 at the intersection passes through the inner lining 11, elastic layer 12, and outer fabric layer 13, protruding from the center of the cap top, resembling the button on a regular hat. The adjustment knob at the rear of the ring frame 1 is exposed at the lower center of the back of the cap, corresponding to the tightness adjustment area on a typical baseball cap. All exposed knobs are rounded and discreet, not affecting aesthetics. The ends of the horizontal and vertical frames connect to the ring frame via support members, forming a cage-like structure with a degree of elasticity. This structure, while ensuring support strength, allows for slight expansion or contraction in three mutually perpendicular directions via knob adjustment, thus adapting to different head shapes and curvatures.

[0034] Electrode contact 6 distribution and fixing method (see) Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown): The cap frame integrates 16 dry electrodes or hydrogel electrode contacts 6 for collecting EEG signals.

[0035] like Figures 4-5 As shown, the electrode contact 6 includes an upper mounting base 6-1 and a lower mounting base 6-2. The cap frame passes through the space between the upper mounting base 6-1 and the lower mounting base 6-2, and the upper mounting base 6-1, the lower mounting base 6-2, and the cap frame are fixed together. A conductive sheet 6-3 is provided on the lower surface of the lower mounting base 6-2. One end of the wire 6-4 passes through the upper mounting base 6-1 and the lower mounting base 6-2 in sequence and is electrically connected to the conductive sheet 6-3. Preferably, the conductive sheet is a silver chloride conductive sheet. The other end of the wire 6-4 is electrically connected to the integrated circuit board unit 10. A bottom cover 6-5 is rotatably connected to the lower mounting base 6-2. A gel electrode mounting hole is formed in the center of the bottom cover 6-5. The gel electrode 6-8 is located in the gel electrode mounting hole and is in contact with the conductive sheet 6-3. Further, as... Figure 5 As shown, one end of the bottom cover 6-5 is rotatably connected to the lower mounting base 6-2 through a cooperating rotating shaft, and the other end of the bottom cover 6-5 is engaged with the buckle 6-7 on the lower mounting base 6-2 through a cooperating snap-fit ​​groove 6-6.

[0036] In use, the upper mounting base 6-1 and the lower mounting base 6-2 are fixed to the cap frame via slots. The disposable gel electrode 6-8 is aligned with the silver chloride conductive sheet of the lower mounting base 6-2, and the electrical signal is transmitted through the gel-silver chloride conductive sheet-electrode lead. The hole on the bottom cover 6-5 allows the gel electrode to pass through and contact the scalp. The elasticity of the gel itself ensures effective contact between the electrode and the scalp while maintaining the wearer's comfort. The conical structure of the bottom cover 6-5 ensures that the gel electrode is stably fixed to the module base. The bottom cover 6-5 is tightly connected to the snap-fit ​​slot 6-6 via the snap-fit ​​6-7. The overall structure is robust and easy to disassemble and assemble, ensuring that the electrode contacts have both reliable mechanical fixation and efficient signal acquisition during use.

[0037] Circular skeleton electrodes: Eight electrode contacts are installed at predetermined positions on the inner side of the circular skeleton 1. Specifically, two contacts are installed in each of the left and right anterior regions of the circular skeleton (roughly corresponding to the left and right prefrontal lobes), located at the inner 1 / 3 and outer 1 / 3 of the left anterior and right prefrontal regions, respectively; similarly, two contacts are installed in each of the left and right posterior regions of the circular skeleton (approximately on both sides of the occipital bone), located at the inner 1 / 3 and outer 1 / 3 of the left posterior and right posterior brain regions, respectively. Thus, two contacts are arranged in each of the four quadrants surrounding the head circumference (anterior left, anterior right, posterior left, and posterior right), for a total of eight contacts. This distribution ensures that the electrodes on the circular skeleton basically cover commonly used EEG lead sites such as the frontal poles and occipital region. Each circular contact enters the inner layer (elastic layer) of the cap through its bottom electrode lead and extends posteriorly to the integrated circuit board at the back of the cap.

[0038] Transverse skeleton electrodes: A total of four electrode contacts are installed on the transverse skeleton 2 running left and right. Each of the left and right transverse struts contains two contacts, located approximately 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the length of each strut, respectively—one near the midline of the head and one near the lateral side. Thus, there are two contacts on the left strut and two on the right strut, symmetrically distributed, for a total of four. They are roughly located to the left and right of the parietal region, allowing for the acquisition of EEG data from the parietal lobe. The transverse skeleton contacts are also embedded within the skeleton, with electrode leads extending from the bottom to the elastic layer inside the cap and then posteriorly to connect to the integrated circuit board.

[0039] Longitudinal skeletal electrodes: Four electrode contacts are installed on the longitudinal skeletal frame 3 running anteroposteriorly. Two contacts are located on the anterior half (near the forehead) and two on the posterior half (near the occipital region), roughly one at one-third and two-thirds of the distance from the center of the top of the head, respectively. The anterior contacts cover the anterior region of the top of the head (near the center and forehead), while the posterior contacts cover the posterior region of the top of the head (near the center and towards the back of the head). The electrode leads of the longitudinal skeletal frame 4 contacts extend from the bottom to the elastic layer inside the cap and then posteriorly, converging into the integrated circuit board behind the cap. In this way, the transverse and longitudinal skeletal frames provide eight channels in the top and central regions, forming 16 contacts together with the eight contacts of the ring skeletal frame, covering EEG, EOG, EMG testing, and electrical stimulation of major brain regions.

[0040] The electrode contact array of this invention adopts the general distribution of the international 10-20 system and has been optimized for the characteristics of everyday hats. All electrode contacts are dry and do not require conductive gel. To improve flexibility, the contact structure is designed to be compatible with two types of additional accessories: one is to add a removable gel pad to some contacts in the forehead area to enhance conductive contact; the other is to add small, fine-toothed electrode caps (similar to comb electrodes) to contacts on the horizontal and vertical struts of the head to help separate hair and get closer to the scalp. Users can attach gel sheets or comb electrodes to the contacts as needed to switch between dry and wet electrodes or improve signal quality in hairy areas. These contact accessories are easy to install, remove, and replace.

[0041] Each electrode contact is securely glued or snap-fitted to the inside of the frame, and can be removed for maintenance when not in use. The electrode lead solder joints behind the contacts are insulated and sealed. The electrode leads use flexible, thin-diameter shielded wires to reduce signal interference and facilitate wire threading. After exiting from the bottom of the contact (outside the frame), the electrode leads all enter the elastic layer 12 of the cap, and then converge in the circuit board area at the center of the rear of the cap. The entire wiring process is covered inside the cap, without any exposed wiring, which is both aesthetically pleasing and avoids the risk of pulling.

[0042] The specific structure of the adjustment knob is as follows: Figure 6As shown, this application proposes an integrated knob-driven rack and pinion adjustment mechanism to precisely adjust the inner edge size of the hat for a comfortable fit, addressing the internal space and ergonomic requirements of the hat frame. This mechanism controls the knob diameter within a 2-3 cm range, balancing tactile feel and space utilization. An involute gear at the bottom of the knob meshes with an internal toothed rack fixed at the intersection of the annular and transverse frames, enabling smooth rotation of the adjustment ring and thus adjusting the annular size of the hat's inner edge. To prevent accidental rotation and ensure adjustment stability, a spring-loaded positioning pawl anti-reverse mechanism is designed, along with a limit spring to restrict the maximum rotation angle of the knob, preventing damage to the mechanism. Considering wearing comfort, the knob shaft adopts a telescopic connection structure with elastic washers, allowing for axial fine-tuning to buffer the mechanical impact during wear and adapt to changes in head shape. The rack is securely connected to the frame through multi-point fixing clamps, enhancing overall structural stability and preventing loosening and skipping during adjustment. The overall design emphasizes the organic integration of the helmet frame and the adjustment mechanism, solving the problems of space limitations and insufficient comfort in traditional adjustment structures, and is suitable for the size adjustment needs of various functional helmets and safety helmets.

[0043] Functional module integration and installation methods (see) Figure 2 and Figure 3 This cap integrates multiple functional modules in different locations for brain stimulation, sensing, and signal processing. These modules cleverly utilize the space in different areas of the cap, appearing neither obtrusive nor unnatural, while still fitting well to the corresponding body parts. The main modules and their installation are as follows:

[0044] Transcranial electromagnetic stimulation coil 7: Installed in the inner layer of the forehead of the cap, it can be unilateral or one on each side. Specifically, a flat electromagnetic coil module is embedded in the inner lining of the visor (the front edge of the cap). The size of this coil is customized according to the size of the visor (e.g., a rectangular coil, approximately 60-80% of the length and width of the visor, with a thickness of several millimeters). The installation position is located in the central area at the junction of the left and right anterior quadrants of the visor, corresponding to the upper center of the wearer's forehead. The coil module is fixed to the inner lining by adhesive or slots and is not visible in daily life. The two wires of the coil are introduced into the elastic layer of the cap through the inner lining of the visor and connected to the stimulation control circuit at the rear. This coil is used to generate a transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or transcranial electrical stimulation (tACS / tDCS, such as electrodes embedded in the coil) field, which can be targeted to the frontal brain region for intervention. The coil module is designed to be detachable / replaceable: the inner lining has a reserved opening, allowing the user to replace the coil unit with different frequency or intensity specifications as needed.

[0045] Bone conduction headphone module 8: Installed on the left and right sides of the cap, near the ears. A flat bone conduction speaker is located in the inner lining layer on the left and right rear sides of the cap. Both are positioned slightly behind the auricle at the lower edge of the cap side, fixed to the rigid inner lining plate by screws or clips, and separated from the fabric layer by shock-absorbing pads. The bone conduction headphone module transmits sound signals to the skull through vibration, thus not obstructing the ear canal. The module is detachably fixed for easy replacement or removal when not in use. Its wires enter the elastic layer through nearby inner lining holes and converge into the rear circuit board. Bone conduction headphones can be used for sound cues, voice interaction, or auditory stimulation: for example, playing cue tones when abnormal brain activity is detected, or providing auditory feedback in neurofeedback training.

[0046] Near-infrared brain oxygen sensor 9: Installed in the inner lining layer on the front side of the cap. The preferred location is in the upper left quadrant (symmetrical installation on the right or both sides is also possible depending on requirements). This sensor contains an optical probe that emits infrared light and detects reflected light, used to measure changes in blood oxygenation in the cerebral cortex. The sensor is fixed in place by a bracket within a small hole in the inner lining, with the probe close to the scalp. The module is designed to be removable and replaceable for easy probe calibration or upgrades. The sensor's signal cable, after exiting the mounting bracket, is also embedded in the elastic layer channel and led to the rear circuit board interface.

[0047] Integrated circuit board unit 10: Located in the central bottom area at the back of the hat, above the back of the head and near the adjustment strap at the back of the hat (see...). Figure 2 This area features ample internal space within the cap. A circuit board mounting slot is designed at the junction of the central rear of the ring-shaped frame 1 and the rear section of the longitudinal frame 3, where an integrated control circuit board is fixed. The circuit board is roughly square, with sides approximately 60–80 mm long, and a thickness depending on the component height (estimated 5–15 mm). Integrated on the board are: a multi-channel EEG signal amplification and acquisition unit, an AI signal processing chip (such as the NMA-1 neural signal processor), a stimulation control module (driving the frontal coil for rTMS / tES), motion sensors (such as a gyroscope / accelerometer for monitoring head position), a wireless communication module (such as WiFi / Bluetooth for data transmission), and power management and battery interfaces. The circuit board is secured to the frame support with screws or clips, located near the outer side of the back of the head but with padding to ensure comfortable wear. The circuit board is also designed to be removable: for example, it can be removed for maintenance or upgrades via a concealed cover at the rear.

[0048] Each module is connected to the circuit board unit 10 via wires, enabling centralized management of signals and power. Specifically, the twisted-pair cable of the electromagnetic stimulation coil 7, the photoelectric probe cable of the near-infrared sensor 9, the audio cable of the left and right bone conduction earphone modules 8, and the signal cables of the 16 electrode contacts 6 all extend to the circuit board area at the back of the cap. Pluggable connectors are used at the circuit board interface for easy independent module replacement. The elastic layer and inner lining of the cap are pre-laid with wiring channels to neatly accommodate and fix all the above connections, preventing tangling and pulling. Sensitive EEG signal lines are shielded and kept as far away as possible from the electromagnetic coil and power lines to reduce noise interference. The wire bundles on the elastic layer are also secured with nylon cable ties or Velcro fasteners to ensure that the cables do not loosen or shift during long-term use.

[0049] The layered structure and materials of the cap (see Figure 3 The hat body of this utility model consists of three layers from the inside out: an inner rigid interlayer 11, an elastic support layer 12, and an outer fabric layer 13.

[0050] Inner Liner 11: This thin, rigid or semi-rigid material plate, closely attached to the outer side of the frame, serves as direct support and isolation for module mounting. The inner liner material can be ABS sheet or PVC board, etc. Modules (coils, earphones, sensors, circuit boards) at the forehead visor, left and right ear sides, and back of the head are all fixed to their corresponding inner liner plates, ensuring stable positioning and preventing direct pressure on the head. A thin layer of sponge or silicone padding is placed on the side of the inner liner plate facing the scalp to increase wearing comfort. The inner liner is cut to the shape of the cap and has several openings: for exposing electrode contacts 6, for passing through knobs, and for module probes (such as NIRS) to be close to the skin. The inner liner is designed in sections, such as a top section, a forehead visor section, left and right side sections, and a lower back side section, which are fixed to the frame by overlapping or bonding.

[0051] Elastic Layer 12: Located between the inner lining and the outer fabric, this is a hood made of an elastic material (such as neoprene elastic fabric or Lycra elastic fabric), similar to the lining of a hat. The elastic layer serves two main functions: firstly, it covers the frame and wiring, preventing direct contact with the hair and scalp, thus improving comfort; secondly, it provides a certain elastic tension, gently tightening the hood around the head and providing stability in conjunction with the frame. The elastic layer is of moderate thickness and breathable. Wiring channels can be installed inside as needed to embed the wires. Electrode wires and module wires transition between the inner lining and the elastic layer, ultimately ending within the elastic layer's internal space and leading to the rear. The elastic layer also acts as a sweat liner, absorbing scalp sweat and preventing it from seeping into the circuitry.

[0052] Outer Layer 13: This is the outermost fabric of the hat, determining its appearance. Common hat materials such as breathable cotton, cotton-linen blends, and polyester can be used. The outer layer is cut to the shape of a baseball cap, including six pieces of patchwork fabric for the crown and the visor fabric, sewn together and placed over the elastic layer. Besides its decorative function, the outer layer also provides some sun protection, dust protection, and protection for internal components. To maintain breathability, the fabric layer can be designed with perforations or mesh patterns (e.g., small holes on the crown, breathable mesh on the sides), working in conjunction with the breathable material of the inner layer to create airflow paths and reduce stuffiness during prolonged wear. The outer layer is detachably connected to the hat body via Velcro or zippers for easy removal for washing and changing colors and styles. For example, hidden zippers at the brim and back allow the entire cover to be removed. Users can even prepare multiple covers with different appearances to change according to the occasion, achieving a consistent electronic function while offering diverse aesthetics. The front of the fabric layer can be printed or embroidered with the company logo or other decorative patterns.

[0053] It should be noted that the openings on the outer fabric layer 13 correspond to the positions of the internal knobs and interfaces, allowing the knobs to be exposed on the cap surface for easy adjustment, while maintaining an overall appearance almost identical to a regular hat. Visually, only two small round knobs are visible in the center of the top and back of the cap; the rest is completely similar to a typical baseball cap. This design greatly improves the device's concealment and accessibility.

[0054] Mechanical Adjustment and Adaptation Structure: This invention utilizes the aforementioned dual-knob, three-directional adjustment mechanism to adapt to different user head shapes. During use, the wearer first puts the device on their head like a regular hat. If it feels too loose or some electrodes are not firmly attached, the rear adjustment knob 4 can be turned to reduce the diameter of the ring frame until the ring electrodes (especially those on the forehead and back of the head) lightly press against the scalp. Then, the top adjustment knob 5 is turned to adjust the horizontal and vertical frame lengths until the electrodes on the top of the hat are in full contact with the scalp and the pressure is even. The combination of the two knobs allows for fine adjustments in the front-back and left-right directions, eliminating electrode suspension or localized pressure pain caused by differences in head shape length and width. After adjustment, the knob's built-in ratchet and stop design locks the length, preventing loosening during use. This mechanical adaptation structure ensures that a single hat size can cover a wide range of head circumferences, eliminating the need for multiple sizes like traditional electrode hats. Furthermore, the knobs are located outside the hat, allowing users to easily fine-tune the tightness themselves without professional assistance.

[0055] Assembly and Maintenance: This cap features a modular design, making it easy to assemble and replace components, facilitating maintenance and upgrades. For initial assembly, follow the instructions... Figure 1The ABS skeleton is formed by connecting the various sections of the frame through a knob and gear mechanism, and two knobs are installed. Then, 16 electrode contacts are embedded into the predetermined holes on the inner side of the frame and fixed, and the connecting wires are welded. Next, the various parts of the inner lining layer (11) are installed, including the inner lining plate of the cap tongue (with the electromagnetic stimulation coil 7 embedded), the left and right inner lining plates (with the bone conduction headphone module 8 and near-infrared sensor 9 fixed), and the rear inner lining plate (with the integrated circuit board unit 10 fixed). The inner lining plates are connected to the corresponding frame sections with screws. Then, all the module wires are gathered and organized on the back of the inner lining and plugged into the corresponding interface of the integrated circuit board unit 10. After testing that the function is normal, the circuit board protective cover is put on. Then, the elastic layer 12 is wrapped on and sewn or glued to the edge of the inner lining so that the elastic layer covers all components. Finally, the outer fabric layer 13 is put on from top to bottom, adjusted and aligned with the knob hole position and the cap tongue position, and fixed to the elastic layer or inner lining by the preset hook and loop fasteners to complete the assembly.

[0056] During maintenance or upgrades, the device can be disassembled in reverse: for example, if electrodes or modules need to be replaced, simply remove the outer fabric layer and a portion of the elastic layer to expose the inner liner, and the corresponding module can then be removed and replaced without completely disassembling other parts. The electrode contacts, being prone to contamination, can be removed for cleaning or replaced with new aluminum alloy contacts as needed. The outer fabric layer can be frequently removed for cleaning to maintain its cleanliness and appearance. The battery (if an independent battery module is used) can be designed to be located at the rear of the cap adjacent to the circuit board, and is also detachably secured for easy removal for charging or replacement. Overall, this device ensures structural stability while considering ease of maintenance in daily use.

[0057] Wearing Method and Advantages: In terms of wearing method, this invention is almost identical to a regular hat: the user simply adjusts it to a comfortable and snug fit, and the internal circuitry is activated to begin the brainwave signal acquisition and intervention function. Compared to traditional brainwave devices and head-mounted stimulation devices, this solution has the following significant advantages:

[0058] With its everyday appearance and discreet design, the device resembles a baseball cap, blending seamlessly into daily life. Users are unlikely to draw attention when wearing it at home, outdoors, or in public, reducing psychological burden. This is a significant improvement over traditional mesh cap-style EEG devices that require adhesive conductive paste, numerous cables, and an odd appearance. The brim also provides sun and rain protection, offering multiple benefits.

[0059] Multi-mode integration with rich functionality: This cap integrates EEG monitoring, transcranial magnetic stimulation / electrical stimulation, cerebral oxygenation monitoring, and auditory feedback, achieving a true closed-loop brain-computer interface. Traditionally, these functions required separate devices, such as an EEG cap + TMS device + NIRS cap + earphones. Now, a single system can accomplish all of these functions, significantly improving the synchronization and convenience of use.

[0060] Adaptive fit for superior signal quality: A mechanically adjustable frame combined with an elastic layer provides double fixation, ensuring reliable and even electrode adhesion and reducing poor contact or pressure point pain caused by individual differences. Dry electrodes combined with a comb-like structure effectively penetrate the hair shaft, achieving a stable low-impedance signal without the need for conductive gel. Furthermore, an impedance monitoring unit (with optional AI algorithm) can alert the user to any loose electrode position, allowing for easy adjustment of the knob.

[0061] Comfortable and breathable for extended wear: The cap is made of lightweight materials with a balanced weight distribution (elastic support at the top distributes weight evenly across the head), ensuring no noticeable pressure even after prolonged wear. A breathable layer and decorative perforations guarantee airflow, while a built-in or optional micro-fan module (an upgrade option) further enhances heat dissipation. Compared to some tight-fitting headband-style devices that can cause stuffiness and discomfort, this solution is suitable for scenarios requiring continuous monitoring for several hours or even sleep monitoring.

[0062] Maintainable and Upgradeable: Modular design enhances equipment lifespan and expandability. For example, aged electrodes can be replaced with new ones, eliminating the need for the entire device to be scrapped. Users can also select upgrade modules as needed (such as higher-density electrode arrays, stimulation modules for other brain regions, etc.). Different users can also share a single cap, adapting their respective lead configurations by changing the inner electrode module, making it economical and efficient.

[0063] Wide range of applications: This cap-style system can be used for EEG monitoring and treatment in medical / research settings (such as epilepsy monitoring and stimulation, stroke rehabilitation training, etc.), as well as for brain health management in daily life (such as attention monitoring, sleep-aiding relaxation stimulation, etc.). Its wireless data transmission function allows connection to mobile phone / computer APP to realize home self-brain-computer interaction training or remote doctor monitoring, greatly expanding the application scenarios of EEG and brain stimulation technology.

[0064] In summary, this utility model provides a cleverly designed and functionally integrated wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure, solving the problems of separation of EEG acquisition and intervention, bulky equipment, and unsuitability for daily use in existing technologies. This solution has significant innovation and practical value, providing a new solution for the fields of brain-computer interfaces and neuromodulation, and has broad application prospects. All features are fully illustrated in the specific embodiments. The contents shown are only preferred embodiments of this utility model. All equivalent modifications and improvements made based on the content of this specification fall within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure, characterized in that: The hat includes a hat body and a hat frame. The hat frame is located inside the hat body. The hat frame includes a ring frame (1), a transverse frame (2), and a longitudinal frame (3). The transverse frame (2) includes a left crossbar (2a) and a right crossbar (2b) respectively arranged along the left and right directions of the ring frame (1). The longitudinal frame (3) includes a front longitudinal bar (3a) and a rear longitudinal bar (3b) respectively arranged along the front and rear directions of the ring frame (1). The outer ends of the left crossbar (2a) and the right crossbar (2b) are fixedly connected to the ring frame (1). The front end of the front longitudinal bar (3a) is connected to the ring frame (1). The inner ends of the left crossbar (2a), the right crossbar (2b), the front longitudinal bar (3a), and the rear longitudinal bar (3b) are connected to the top adjustment knob (5). The rear end of the ring frame (1) and the outer end of the rear longitudinal bar (3b) are connected to the rear adjustment knob (4).

2. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Several electrode contacts (6) are arranged on the surface of the cap frame that contacts the human body.

3. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode contacts (6) are provided in 16 locations, which are evenly distributed in the inner preset positions of the annular frame, the transverse frame, and the longitudinal frame.

4. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cap body includes an outer fabric layer (13), an elastic layer (12), and an inner lining layer (11). The outer fabric layer (13) is the outermost layer and is a removable and breathable fabric layer. The elastic layer (12) is the next outermost layer, which is close to the frame and all wires and wraps the wiring. The inner lining layer (11) is close to the cap frame and scalp, and is locally thickened, serving as a direct mounting base for each sensor.

5. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cap structure also includes a variety of sensors and an integrated circuit board unit (10). The various sensors are electrically connected to the integrated circuit board unit (10) and are used to collect various states of the user.

6. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The sensor includes a bone conduction headphone module (8) and a near-infrared sensor (9). The bone conduction headphone module (8) is located in the middle of the cap and close to the ear of the human body. When the human body wears the cap structure, the bone conduction headphone module (8) can contact the ear of the human body. The near-infrared sensor (9) is located on the upper left front of the cap body, close to the scalp. The base is embedded in the inner lining layer (11), and the sensor head protrudes slightly from the elastic layer (12).

7. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The cap structure also includes a forehead electromagnetic stimulation coil (7), which is a flat coil embedded in the cap inner liner (11), close to the forehead area, with one coil on each side.

8. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode contact (6) includes an upper mounting base (6-1) and a lower mounting base (6-2). The cap frame passes through the space between the upper mounting base (6-1) and the lower mounting base (6-2), and the upper mounting base (6-1), the lower mounting base (6-2), and the cap frame are fixed together. A conductive sheet (6-3) is provided on the lower surface of the lower mounting base (6-2). One end of a wire (6-4) passes through the upper mounting base (6-1) and the lower mounting base (6-2) in sequence and is electrically connected to the conductive sheet (6-3). The other end of the wire (6-4) is electrically connected to the integrated circuit board unit (10). A bottom cover (6-5) is rotatably connected to the lower mounting base (6-2). A gel electrode mounting hole is formed in the center of the bottom cover (6-5). The gel electrode (6-8) is located in the gel electrode mounting hole and is in contact with the conductive sheet (6-3).

9. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the bottom cover (6-5) is rotatably connected to the lower mounting base (6-2) via a cooperating rotating shaft, and the other end of the bottom cover (6-5) is engaged with the buckle (6-7) on the lower mounting base (6-2) via a cooperating snap-fit ​​groove (6-6).

10. The wearable EEG monitoring and intervention cap structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The conductive sheet (6-3) is a silver chloride conductive sheet.

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