A sewage purification treatment device of vibration stirring type

By introducing vibration and stirring mechanisms into the wastewater purification treatment device, combined with a multi-layer filter cylinder structure, the problems of filter clogging and inconvenient cleaning are solved, achieving efficient filtration and convenient cleaning, and improving filtration effect and efficiency.

CN224541160UActive Publication Date: 2026-07-24CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY
View PDF 1 Cites 0 Cited by

Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY OF FORESTRY AND TECHNOLOGY
Filing Date
2025-05-27
Publication Date
2026-07-24

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing vibrating agitator-type wastewater purification devices are prone to filter clogging after prolonged use, resulting in reduced filtration efficiency. Furthermore, the fixed agitator and filter screen are difficult to clean, have a small filtration area, and low filtration efficiency.

Method used

The filter cylinder is fixed to the cover using a vibration mechanism and a stirring mechanism. It consists of a porous ceramic outer cylinder, a fiber bundle middle cylinder, and a filter cloth inner cylinder. The vibration mechanism oscillates and stirs the sewage. The elastic support supports the treatment box. The filter cylinder can be cleaned by opening the cover, thus increasing the filtration area.

Benefits of technology

It effectively reduces filter pore clogging, improves filtration effect, enhances cleaning convenience, increases filtration area, improves filtration efficiency, and enhances the interception effect of suspended solids and colloidal pollutants in sewage.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

Smart Images

  • Figure CN224541160U_ABST
    Figure CN224541160U_ABST
Patent Text Reader

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vibration stirring type sewage purification treatment device, including processing box, filter cylinder, vibrating mechanism, stirring mechanism and the cover of processing box top, filter cylinder fixed on the cover and located in the processing box, vibrating mechanism and stirring mechanism all are fixed on the cover and all reach in filter cylinder, be equipped with the liquid inlet component for adding sewage to filter cylinder in the cover, vibrating mechanism and stirring mechanism all are fixed on the cover and reach in filter cylinder, and the bottom of processing box is equipped with elastic support and liquid discharge component. This vibration stirring type sewage purification treatment device has the advantages of facilitating to avoid the blockage, convenient cleaning, improving the filtering efficiency and effect etc.
Need to check novelty before this filing date? Find Prior Art

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment equipment, specifically to a vibration stirring sewage purification treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, wastewater treatment refers to the process of purifying wastewater to meet the water quality requirements for discharge into a water body or for reuse. Wastewater treatment is widely used in various fields such as construction, agriculture, transportation, energy, petrochemicals, environmental protection, urban landscaping, medical care, and catering. After long-term use, the filter screen is prone to partial clogging, which can reduce the filtration effect of the treatment equipment. At the same time, traditional wastewater treatment equipment has a fixed structure, making it inconvenient for users to clean it regularly.

[0003] Existing technology CN216259489U provides a wastewater purification treatment device based on vibration stirring, including a treatment tank, a stirring mechanism, and a bottom tank. The treatment tank includes a tank shell and a filter screen. The filter screen is installed on the lower end face of the tank shell and is fixedly connected to the tank shell. The stirring mechanism is installed in the middle of the tank shell and is fixedly connected to the tank shell. The bottom tank is installed at the lower end of the tank shell and is detachably fixedly connected to the tank shell. This solves the problem of the simple structure of existing wastewater purification treatment equipment. However, this wastewater purification treatment device based on vibration stirring has the following shortcomings: 1) In actual use, filtration can only be carried out in a fixed way. After long-term use, the filter screen is prone to partial blockage, which will reduce the filtration effect of the treatment equipment. 2) The mixing mechanism and filter screen are fixed inside the processing box, which makes it inconvenient for users to clean them regularly; 3) The filter screen has a small filtration contact area, resulting in low filtration efficiency for wastewater. 4) The filter screen has a simple structure and poor filtration effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a vibration stirring type sewage purification treatment device that is conducive to avoiding clogging, easy to clean, and improving filtration efficiency and effect.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A vibration-stirring wastewater purification treatment device includes a treatment tank, a filter cylinder, a vibration mechanism, a stirring mechanism, and a cover on the top of the treatment tank. The filter cylinder is fixed to the cover and located inside the treatment tank. The vibration mechanism and the stirring mechanism are both fixed to the cover and extend into the filter cylinder. The cover is provided with an inlet assembly for adding wastewater into the filter cylinder. The vibration mechanism and the stirring mechanism are both fixed to the cover and extend into the filter cylinder. The bottom of the treatment tank is provided with an elastic support and a drainage assembly.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The elastic support includes multiple elastic legs, the top of each of which is fixed to the bottom of the processing box and arranged at intervals around the center of the processing box.

[0007] The elastic support leg includes a support rod, a foot seat, and an elastic element. The top end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the processing box, and the bottom end of the support rod is movably connected to the foot seat. The elastic element is located between the support rod and the foot seat.

[0008] The processing box is provided with multiple elastic side support legs arranged at intervals around the center of the processing box.

[0009] The elastic side support foot includes a mounting base, a tension spring, and a foot pad. The mounting base is fixed on the processing box, and the top end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the mounting base and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the foot pad.

[0010] The filter cylinder includes a porous ceramic outer cylinder, a fiber bundle middle cylinder, and a filter cloth inner cylinder arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The top ends of the porous ceramic outer cylinder, the fiber bundle middle cylinder, and the filter cloth inner cylinder are all fixed to the cover. The vibration mechanism and the stirring mechanism both extend into the filter cloth inner cylinder.

[0011] The filter cloth inner cylinder is equipped with a mesh cylinder, and the vibration mechanism and the stirring mechanism both extend into the mesh cylinder.

[0012] The mesh cylinder is fixed inside the filter cloth inner cylinder by pads and is coaxial with and spaced apart from the filter cloth inner cylinder.

[0013] The vibration mechanism includes a vibration seat and a vibration rod. The vibration seat is fixed to the cover by an elastic component, and the vibration rod is fixed to the vibration seat and extends into the filter cylinder.

[0014] The stirring mechanism includes a stirring motor, a stirring shaft, and stirring fins. The stirring motor is mounted on the cover, the stirring shaft is connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor and extends into the filter cylinder, and the stirring fins are mounted on the stirring shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are: In the process of using this vibrating and stirring wastewater purification device, wastewater is introduced into the filter cylinder through the liquid inlet component. At the same time, the vibration mechanism and the stirring mechanism are activated. The vibration mechanism agitates and stirs the wastewater in the filter cylinder, and the wastewater is filtered through the filter cylinder. The filtered water flows into the treatment tank below the filter cylinder (the interior of the treatment tank forms a receiving space below the filter cylinder, which can hold the water filtered by the filter cylinder), and is finally discharged by the drain component. First, the vibration mechanism, during the filtration process, causes the wastewater in the filter cylinder to vibrate, which helps reduce the accumulation of contaminants on the filter cylinder and prevents clogging of the filter holes (the filter cylinder has filter holes on both the bottom and peripheral walls, forming a multi-faceted filtration effect), thus improving the filtration efficiency. Furthermore, the entire device is supported by an elastic bracket and fixed relative to the treatment tank. The elastic bracket increases the shaking of the treatment tank, which in turn increases the agitation of the internal liquid, further preventing clogging and improving the filtration effect. Second, the filter cylinder, vibration mechanism, and stirring mechanism are all fixed to the cover, allowing them to be removed for cleaning when the cover is opened. Their relatively fixed position within the treatment tank makes cleaning more convenient. Third, the bottom and peripheral walls of the filter cylinder can be used for filtration, increasing the filtration area and improving filtration efficiency. Fourth, the vibration and stirring of the wastewater ensures that suspended solids and colloidal pollutants are evenly dispersed, increasing their contact and collision with the filter cylinder, improving the filter cylinder's ability to retain pollutants, and thus enhancing filtration efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vibration stirring type sewage purification treatment device of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the vibration stirring type sewage purification treatment device of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA.

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a top view of the structure of the vibration stirring type sewage purification treatment device of this utility model.

[0021] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Processing box; 2. Filter cylinder; 21. Porous ceramic outer cylinder; 22. Fiber bundle middle cylinder; 23. Filter cloth inner cylinder; 24. Mesh cylinder; 25. Pad; 3. Vibration mechanism; 31. Vibration seat; 32. Vibrating rod; 33. Elastic component; 4. Stirring mechanism; 41. Stirring motor; 42. Stirring shaft; 43. Stirring fins; 5. Cover; 6. Liquid inlet assembly; 7. Elastic support; 71. Support rod; 72. Foot; 73. Elastic component; 8. Liquid drain assembly; 9. Elastic side support foot; 91. Mounting base; 92. Tension spring; 93. Foot pad. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] Figures 1 to 5This invention illustrates an embodiment of the vibration-stirring wastewater purification device. The device includes a treatment tank 1, a filter cylinder 2, a vibration mechanism 3, a stirring mechanism 4, and a cover 5 on top of the treatment tank 1. The filter cylinder 2 is fixed to the cover 5 and located inside the treatment tank 1. The vibration mechanism 3 and the stirring mechanism 4 are both fixed to the cover 5 and extend into the filter cylinder 2. The cover 5 is provided with an inlet assembly 6 for adding wastewater into the filter cylinder 2. The bottom of the treatment tank 1 is provided with an elastic support 7 and a drainage assembly 8.

[0027] During use, wastewater is introduced into the filter cylinder 2 through the liquid inlet assembly 6. At the same time, the vibration mechanism 3 and the stirring mechanism 4 are activated. The vibration mechanism 3 vibrates and stirs the wastewater in the filter cylinder 2, and the wastewater is filtered through the filter cylinder 2. The filtered water flows into the treatment tank 1 below the filter cylinder 2 (the interior of the treatment tank 1 forms a receiving space below the filter cylinder 2, which can hold the water filtered by the filter cylinder 2), and is finally discharged by the drain assembly 8. First, due to the installation of the vibration mechanism 3, the wastewater in the filter cylinder 2 vibrates during the filtration process, which helps reduce the accumulation of dirt on the filter cylinder 2 and prevents blockage of the filter holes (the filter cylinder 2 has filter holes on both the bottom and peripheral walls, forming a multi-faceted filtration effect), thus improving the filtration effect. Furthermore, the entire device is supported by an elastic bracket 7 and fixed relative to the treatment box 1. The elastic bracket 7 can increase the shaking of the treatment box 1, thereby increasing the shaking of the internal liquid and further preventing blockage and improving the filtration effect. Second, the filter cylinder 2, vibration mechanism 3, and stirring mechanism 4 are all fixed to the cover 5, allowing them to be removed for cleaning when the cover 5 is opened. Being relatively fixed inside the treatment box 1 makes cleaning more convenient. Third, the bottom and peripheral walls of the filter cylinder 2 can be used for filtration, increasing the filtration area and improving filtration efficiency. Fourth, the vibration and stirring of the wastewater allows suspended solids and colloidal pollutants in the wastewater to be evenly dispersed, increasing their chances of contact and collision with the filter cylinder 2, improving the retention effect of the filter cylinder 2 on pollutants, and thus enhancing the filtration efficiency.

[0028] Preferably, the processing box 1 and the filter cylinder 2 are coaxial.

[0029] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the elastic support 7 includes multiple elastic legs, the top of each elastic leg being fixed to the bottom of the processing box 1 and arranged at intervals around the center of the processing box 1. The processing box 1 is elastically supported by multiple elastic legs, which can achieve the effect of improving vibration.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the elastic support leg includes a support rod 71, a foot 72, and an elastic element 73. The top end of the support rod 71 is fixedly connected to the processing box 1, and the bottom end of the support rod 71 is movably connected to the foot 72. The elastic element 73 is located between the support rod 71 and the foot 72. Thus, under the elastic force of the elastic element 73 and the force of gravity above, the support rod 71 can float up and down relative to the foot 72, achieving a vertical vibration effect. In use, the foot 72 can be supported on the ground.

[0031] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the processing box 1 is provided with a plurality of elastic side support legs 9 arranged at intervals around the center of the processing box 1. In use, the elastic side support legs 9 are supported on the ground to provide circumferential support for the processing box 1. On the one hand, this can prevent the processing box 1 from tipping over and improve the overall stability; on the other hand, it does not hinder the vertical vibration of the processing box 1.

[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the elastic side support foot 9 includes a mounting base 91, a tension spring 92, and a foot pad 93. The mounting base 91 is fixed to the processing box 1, and the top end of the tension spring 92 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 91, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the foot pad 93. Preferably, as shown... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the mounting base 91 is fixed to the upper part of the periphery of the processing box 1. In use, the foot pad 93 is supported on the ground.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the filter cylinder 2 includes a porous ceramic outer cylinder 21, a fiber bundle middle cylinder 22, and a filter cloth inner cylinder 23 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The top ends of the porous ceramic outer cylinder 21, the fiber bundle middle cylinder 22, and the filter cloth inner cylinder 23 are all fixed on the cover 5. The vibration mechanism 3 and the stirring mechanism 4 both extend into the filter cloth inner cylinder 23.

[0034] Wastewater sequentially passes through a porous ceramic outer cylinder 21, a fiber bundle middle cylinder 22, and a filter cloth inner cylinder 23. The filter cloth inner cylinder 23 effectively removes suspended solids and colloidal particles from the wastewater. It has high porosity, large flow rate, and fast filtration speed, enabling it to process large amounts of wastewater in a short time and improve filtration efficiency. The fiber bundle middle cylinder 22 effectively removes suspended solids, bacteria, viruses, macromolecular organic matter, colloids, iron, and manganese impurities from the wastewater. The porous ceramic outer cylinder 21 has excellent resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, maintaining stable performance in wastewater environments with different pH levels. It is not easily corroded and can be used for a long time. Furthermore, the porous ceramic outer cylinder 21 has high mechanical strength, capable of withstanding certain water flow impact and pressure differences, and is not easily damaged, ensuring the stable operation of the filtration process.

[0035] Preferably, the porous ceramic outer cylinder 21, the fiber bundle middle cylinder 22, and the filter cloth inner cylinder 23 are coaxial. More preferably, the fiber bundle middle cylinder 22 is embedded in the inner wall of the porous ceramic outer cylinder 21, and the filter cloth inner cylinder 23 is embedded in the inner wall of the fiber bundle middle cylinder 22.

[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a mesh cylinder 24 is provided inside the filter cloth inner cylinder 23, and both the vibration mechanism 3 and the stirring mechanism 4 extend into the mesh cylinder 24. The mesh cylinder 24 can effectively trap large particulate impurities, improving its wastewater filtration efficiency. Preferably, the mesh cylinder 24 is made of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and not easily rusted.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the mesh cylinder 24 is fixed inside the filter cloth inner cylinder 23 by the pad block 25 and is coaxial with and spaced apart from the filter cloth inner cylinder 23.

[0038] Multiple pads 25 support the screen cylinder 24, leaving a gap between the screen cylinder 24 and the inner filter cloth cylinder 23 to facilitate wastewater filtration. Preferably, the screen cylinder 24 and the inner filter cloth cylinder 23 are coaxial.

[0039] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the vibration mechanism 3 includes a vibration seat 31 and a vibration rod 32. The vibration seat 31 is fixed to the cover 5 by an elastic member 33, and the vibration rod 32 is fixed to the vibration seat 31 and extends into the filter cylinder 2. The vibration rod 32 is a conventional component, and its specific vibration structure will not be described in detail. The vibration rod 32 vibrates, thereby causing the sewage inside the filter cylinder 2 to vibrate. The vibration seat 31 is fixed to the cover 5 by the elastic member 33. When the vibration rod 32 is vibrating, the force of the elastic member 33 can reduce the transmission of vibration energy from the vibration rod 32 to the cover 5, thus fixing the vibration rod 32 while reducing the transmission of vibration energy to the mechanical structure, preventing excessive vibration of the treatment tank 1 from affecting its service life. Preferably, there are multiple elastic members 33, arranged at intervals around the periphery of the vibration seat 31, and the elastic member 33 can be a spring. Of course, in other embodiments, the vibration seat 31 can also be directly fixed to the cover 5.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the stirring mechanism 4 includes a stirring motor 41, a stirring shaft 42, and stirring fins 43. The stirring motor 41 is mounted on the cover 5. The stirring shaft 42 is connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor 41 and extends into the filter cylinder 2. The stirring fins 43 are mounted on the stirring shaft 42. The stirring motor 41 drives the stirring shaft 42 to rotate, which in turn drives the stirring fins 43 to rotate, thereby achieving the stirring effect on the wastewater inside the filter cylinder 2. Preferably, there are multiple sets of stirring fins 43, each set of which is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft 42 and located on the outer wall of the stirring shaft 42. The top of the processing box 1 is open to form an entrance, and a cover 5 is placed over the entrance. Preferably, the cover 5 is detachably connected to the processing box 1, such as by bolts, locking pins, etc., for easy opening and closing.

[0041] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet assembly 6 may include a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid inlet valve or liquid inlet gate disposed on the liquid inlet pipe. The liquid inlet pipe is disposed on the cover 5 and extends into the filter cylinder 2. By opening the liquid inlet valve or liquid inlet gate, sewage can be introduced into the filter cylinder 2 through the liquid inlet pipe.

[0042] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the drain assembly 8 may include a drain pipe and a drain valve disposed on the drain pipe. The drain pipe is disposed at the bottom of the processing tank 1 and communicates with the inside of the processing tank 1. The liquid in the processing tank 1 can be drained by opening the drain valve.

[0043] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the present invention, or modify it into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the content of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-stirring type wastewater purification and treatment device, characterized in that: The treatment box (1) includes a treatment tank (1), a filter cylinder (2), a vibration mechanism (3), a stirring mechanism (4), and a cover (5) covering the top of the treatment tank (1). The filter cylinder (2) is fixed on the cover (5) and located inside the treatment tank (1). The vibration mechanism (3) and the stirring mechanism (4) are both fixed on the cover (5) and extend into the filter cylinder (2). The cover (5) is provided with an inlet assembly (6) for adding sewage into the filter cylinder (2). The vibration mechanism (3) and the stirring mechanism (4) are both fixed on the cover (5) and extend into the filter cylinder (2). The bottom of the treatment tank (1) is provided with an elastic support (7) and a drain assembly (8).

2. The vibration-stirring wastewater purification treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support (7) includes multiple elastic legs, the top of each of the elastic legs is fixed to the bottom of the processing box (1) and arranged at intervals around the center of the processing box (1).

3. The vibration-stirring wastewater purification treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic support leg includes a support rod (71), a foot (72) and an elastic element (73). The top end of the support rod (71) is fixedly connected to the processing box (1), and the bottom end of the support rod (71) is movably connected to the foot (72). The elastic element (73) is located between the support rod (71) and the foot (72).

4. The vibration-stirring wastewater purification treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing box (1) is provided with a plurality of elastic side support feet (9) arranged at intervals around the center of the processing box (1).

5. The vibration-stirring wastewater purification treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic side support foot (9) includes a mounting base (91), a tension spring (92) and a foot pad (93). The mounting base (91) is fixed on the processing box (1). The top end of the tension spring (92) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (91), and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the foot pad (93).

6. The vibrating stirring type wastewater purification treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The filter cylinder (2) includes a porous ceramic outer cylinder (21), a fiber bundle middle cylinder (22) and a filter cloth inner cylinder (23) arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside. The top ends of the porous ceramic outer cylinder (21), the fiber bundle middle cylinder (22) and the filter cloth inner cylinder (23) are all fixed on the cover (5). The vibration mechanism (3) and the stirring mechanism (4) both extend into the filter cloth inner cylinder (23).

7. The vibrating stirring type wastewater purification treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filter cloth inner cylinder (23) is provided with a mesh cylinder (24), and the vibration mechanism (3) and the stirring mechanism (4) both extend into the mesh cylinder (24).

8. The vibration-stirring wastewater purification treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mesh cylinder (24) is fixed inside the filter cloth inner cylinder (23) by a pad (25) and is coaxial with and spaced apart from the filter cloth inner cylinder (23).

9. The vibrating stirring type wastewater purification treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The vibration mechanism (3) includes a vibration seat (31) and a vibration rod (32). The vibration seat (31) is fixed to the cover (5) by an elastic member (33), and the vibration rod (32) is fixed to the vibration seat (31) and extends into the filter cylinder (2).

10. The vibrating stirring wastewater purification treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The stirring mechanism (4) includes a stirring motor (41), a stirring shaft (42) and stirring fins (43). The stirring motor (41) is mounted on the cover (5). The stirring shaft (42) is connected to the output shaft of the stirring motor (41) and extends into the filter cylinder (2). The stirring fins (43) are mounted on the stirring shaft (42).