A miniature switch power supply circuit, solid state source and atomization device

Abstract

The application discloses a miniature switch power supply circuit, a solid state source and an atomization device, which comprise an inductor, a power supply chip, a first power switch tube and a second power switch tube, and a feedback network; the first power switch tube and the second power switch tube are connected with the inductor to form a switching circuit; one end of the inductor is connected with an input voltage, and an output end of the inductor outputs a voltage; the power supply chip is connected with the gate of the first power switch tube and the gate of the second power switch tube respectively, and is used for outputting a control signal to drive the first power switch tube and the second power switch tube to be turned on or turned off; the feedback network is connected between the output voltage and the power supply chip, and is used for sending an output end voltage signal collected to the power supply chip; the power supply chip compares the voltage signal fed back by the feedback network with a preset reference voltage, and outputs a control signal to drive the first power switch tube and the second power switch tube to be turned on or turned off according to a comparison result. The application meets the demand that an electronic cigarette appliance works in different voltage states, realizes energy consumption reduction, and product miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to circuit technology, and in particular to a miniature switching power supply circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave heating atomizes the aerosol matrix within the atomization chamber, offering significant advantages in flavor. This is because microwave heating works by generating heat through the spin-vibration friction of polar molecules within a microwave electromagnetic field, causing their temperature to rise. In the field of heated notebooks (HNB), microwaves are injected into a resonant cavity containing tobacco (or e-liquid, or e-cream). Within this cavity, a microwave electromagnetic field is created. The tobacco / e-liquid / cream absorbs microwave energy, causing its temperature to rise and forming an aerosol. Due to the penetrating power of microwaves and the immersion of the tobacco (or e-liquid, or e-cream) in the electromagnetic field, the materials are heated evenly both internally and externally, effectively achieving the effect of heating without combustion and resulting in a superior flavor.

[0003] In the existing technology, some manufacturers have proposed microwave heating solutions, but they cannot solve the problems of miniaturization and high efficiency of microwave sources, making them unsuitable for handheld products. The technical solutions do not meet the actual product requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a miniature switching power supply circuit that, while miniaturizing microwave source products, meets the control requirements of the microwave heating process in electronic atomization devices.

[0005] A miniature switching power supply circuit includes: an inductor (13), a power chip (14), a first power switch (15) and a second power switch (16), and a feedback network (18); wherein: the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16) are connected to the inductor (13) to form a switching circuit; one end of the inductor (13) is connected to the input voltage, and the output end of the inductor (13) outputs a voltage; the output pin of the power chip (14) is connected to the gate of the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16) respectively, and is used to output control signals to drive the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16) to turn on or off; the feedback network (18) is connected between the output voltage and the power chip (14), and is used to send the collected output voltage signal to the power chip (14); the power chip (14) compares the voltage signal fed back by the feedback network with a preset reference voltage, and outputs a control signal to drive the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16) to turn on or off according to the comparison result.

[0006] Based on the above circuit, the power chip (14) includes a reference voltage (141), a first operational amplifier (142), a second operational amplifier (143), and a driving circuit (144); the feedback network (18) is connected between the output voltage and the first operational amplifier (142) in the power chip (14) to transmit the feedback voltage signal of the output voltage to the first operational amplifier (142). The first operational amplifier (142) compares the feedback signal with the reference voltage (141) and transmits the comparison result to the second operational amplifier (143). The second operational amplifier (143) amplifies the comparison result and controls the driving circuit (144) to drive the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16).

[0007] The feedback network (18) includes at least two voltage divider resistors R3 and R4, which are connected in series, and the series connection node of the voltage divider resistors R3 and R4 is connected to the feedback pin of the power chip (14).

[0008] Furthermore, the feedback network (18) also includes at least one set of feedback sub-networks connected in parallel with the voltage divider resistor R3 and in series with the voltage divider resistor R4; the feedback sub-network includes resistors and switches connected in series, and the switches are turned off and turned on under the control of an enable signal.

[0009] Alternatively, the feedback network (18) includes a voltage divider resistor R4 and at least two sets of parallel feedback sub-networks connected in series with the voltage divider resistor R4; the series node of the feedback sub-network and the voltage divider resistor R4 is connected to the feedback pin of the power chip (14); the feedback sub-network includes a resistor and a switch connected in series, and the switch is turned off and turned on under the control of an enable signal.

[0010] In the circuit described above, the switches in the feedback sub-network are MOS transistors.

[0011] A solid-state source includes: a drain voltage modulation power supply, comprising:

[0012] The miniature switching power supply circuit described above supplies power to the microwave signal and power amplification module with its output voltage. The microwave signal source and power amplification module receive the electrical energy from the leakage voltage modulation power supply and generate a microwave signal of a preset frequency.

[0013] A circulator is used to isolate microwave signal sources, power amplifier modules, and microwave resonant cavities, and to separate reflected microwave energy to the coupler.

[0014] A coupler is used to sample the reflected microwave power and feed it back to the processor;

[0015] Processor: Controls the output voltage of the leakage voltage modulation power supply based on the reflected microwave power, and controls the microwave signal source in the microwave signal source and power amplifier module to emit microwave signals of a specific frequency.

[0016] The processor's control signal is sent to the feedback network (18) of the micro switching power supply circuit as an enable signal to control the switching on or off in the feedback sub-network, so that the feedback network (18) outputs a corresponding voltage value to the power chip.

[0017] An atomizing device includes a solid source as described above and an atomizing device housing, wherein the solid source is disposed in the housing.

[0018] To realize the product feasibility of microwave HNB solutions, this application aims to provide a miniature switching power supply circuit. This miniature switching power supply circuit can output different voltages according to the control enable signal, so as to meet the needs of electronic cigarette devices to operate in different voltage states, thereby reducing the energy consumption of electronic cigarette devices, improving efficiency, and achieving the effect of product miniaturization.

[0019] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the first embodiment of the micro switching power supply circuit of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of the second embodiment of the micro switching power supply circuit of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the third embodiment of the micro switching power supply circuit of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the solid-state source in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make this application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0026] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] like Figure 1 The diagram shows the boost circuit of this application, which achieves voltage boosting through switched capacitors, inductor energy storage, and feedback control. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The circuit includes:

[0029] The input voltage source 11 and the filter capacitor 12 are used to provide raw power. For electronic cigarettes, the input power source is the battery, and the capacitor is used to filter out input voltage ripple, making the input more stable.

[0030] Inductor 13 achieves voltage boosting by converting magnetic energy through changes in current.

[0031] The DC-DC power supply chip 14 has a built-in reference voltage. The first-stage operational amplifier 141 is used for reference voltage comparison, comparing the feedback circuit voltage with the reference voltage. The second-stage operational amplifier 142 is used for error amplification, that is, amplifying the difference between the output voltage and the reference voltage to drive subsequent circuits. The drive circuit 143 controls the power switching transistor MOSFET to turn on or off based on the error signal output from the second-stage operational amplifier.

[0032] The power switching transistors, including the first power switching transistor 15 and the second power switching transistor 16, are controlled by the drive circuit 143 and switch on and off at high frequency to achieve the switching between energy storage and energy release.

[0033] Output filter capacitor 17 is used to filter out voltage ripple after boosting, making the output voltage smoother and more stable.

[0034] Feedback network 18: Collects output voltage information and sends it back to the first-stage operational amplifier of the DC-DC power supply chip. It compares the voltage with the reference voltage to form a negative feedback closed loop.

[0035] The working principle of the above circuit is as follows:

[0036] During the conduction phase, when the drive circuit 144 controls the first power switch 15 to turn off and the second power switch 16 to turn on, the input voltage supplies power to the inductor 13, and the current in the inductor 13 rises linearly, converting electrical energy into magnetic energy for storage. At this time, the output terminal is powered by the filter capacitor 17 to maintain the load voltage.

[0037] During the turn-off phase, when the drive circuit 144 controls the second power switch 16 to turn off and the first power switch 15 to turn on, the inductor 13 impedes the sudden change in current, thus inducing a reverse electromotive force. This reverse electromotive force is superimposed on the input voltage and used to charge the output capacitor and supply power to the load through the first power switch 15. In this phase, the inductor's magnetic energy is converted into electrical energy, achieving the superposition of the input voltage and the induced voltage to achieve a boost effect.

[0038] Feedback control is used where the output voltage is sampled by feedback network 18 and sent to the chip as feedback voltage. The first-stage error amplifier 142 compares the feedback voltage with the reference voltage and outputs an increased error voltage V_e. The second-stage comparator 143 compares the error voltage V_e with a sawtooth / triangular wave to generate a PWM signal with an adjustable duty cycle, controlling the switching transistor's on / off state and dynamically adjusting the switching timing of the drive circuit 144. If the output voltage unexpectedly drops (mainly due to increased load), the closed-loop negative feedback system detects this drop (V_fb ↓) and generates an increased error signal (V_e ↑), commanding the PWM controller to increase the switching transistor's duty cycle (D ↑). Increasing the duty cycle prolongs the time for the inductor to obtain energy from the input, allowing it to store more magnetic energy (higher peak current). Although the time for the inductor to release energy is relatively shortened, the net energy delivered to the output is significantly increased due to the substantial increase in the stored energy base. This increased energy satisfies the increased load demand and charges the output capacitor, raising its voltage (i.e., the output voltage) from a decreasing state back to the set target value. If the output voltage increases, and the feedback voltage sampled by the feedback network is higher than the reference voltage, the error voltage V_e is compared with the internal sawtooth / triangular ramp signal. Reducing the duty cycle directly decreases the energy the inductor draws from the input and stores in each cycle. Although the inductor releases energy over a longer period, the net energy delivered to the output is reduced due to the significantly decreased amount of stored energy. This causes the output capacitor to need to be replenished (or its charging reduced) to maintain the load current (or adapt to a lighter load), causing the output voltage to drop back to the set target value. Therefore, through this feedback loop, the output voltage is stabilized near the target value, offsetting the effects of input voltage fluctuations and load changes.

[0039] The above is a preferred embodiment, in which the power switch is an NMOS transistor in a synchronous boost circuit. In another embodiment, the NMOS transistor can be replaced with a diode to obtain an asynchronous boost circuit.

[0040] Further reference Figure 1 This describes one implementation of the feedback network 18 described in this application.

[0041] As shown in the figure, the feedback network 18 includes resistors R1, R2, R3, and R4, as well as switch Q1 connected to R1 and switch Q2 connected to R2. Q1 and Q2 can be MOSFETs.

[0042] The basic feedback network consists of R3 and R4.

[0043] An advanced feedback network is formed by R1, Q1, R2, and Q2. R1, R2, and R3 are connected in parallel, and each is connected in series with R4. When enable signal 1 is high, switch Q1 is turned on, and R1 is grounded. When enable signal 2 is high, switch Q2 is turned on, and R2 is grounded. Based on the circuit structure of the feedback network, the following conclusions can be drawn.

[0044] When enable signal 1 is low and enable signal 2 is low, R3 and R4 form a feedback network. At this time, the feedback voltage is VFB = Vout × R3 / (R3 + R4). After the negative feedback closed loop stabilizes, the feedback voltage VFB will be adjusted to be equal to the reference voltage VREF. Therefore, the relationship between the output voltage and the reference voltage is that the output voltage V1 = (R4 / R3 + 1) × VREF.

[0045] Similarly, we can also draw the following conclusions:

[0046] When enable signal 1 is low and enable signal 2 is high, switch Q2 is turned on, and R2 is grounded. Thus, R2, R3, and R4 form a feedback network. At this time, the output voltage V2 = (R4 / R2 + R4 / R3 + 1) × VREF.

[0047] When enable signal 1 is high and enable signal 2 is low, switch Q1 is turned on and R1 is grounded. Thus, R1, R3, and R4 form a feedback network. At this time, the output voltage V3 = (R4 / R1 + R4 / R3 + 1) × VREF.

[0048] When enable signal 1 is high and enable signal 2 is high, switches Q1 and Q2 are both turned on, and R1 and R2 are grounded simultaneously. Thus, R1, R2, R3, and R4 form a feedback network. At this time, the output voltage V4 = (R4 / R1 + R4 / R2 + R4 / R3 + 1) × VREF.

[0049] As can be seen from the above circuit structure, under the control of enable signal 1 and enable signal 2, Figure 1The boost circuit shown can produce four different output voltages. Therefore, for a microwave heating atomizing device with voltage-controlled power output, the circuit of this application can provide four different voltage values ​​to drive the microwave heating atomizing device to output microwave signals of different powers to the microwave resonant cavity. This allows the circuit to meet the requirements of different power outputs from the resonant cavity in different scenarios, such as: the difference in output power when a cigarette is placed in the resonant cavity and not, the difference in optimal atomization power of cigarettes of different materials in the resonant cavity, and the control of the atomization progress of the cigarette during a smoking process designed according to the user's smoking process. Furthermore, since the feedback network in this embodiment consists only of resistors and MOS switches, the required PCB space is very limited, enabling the circuit of this embodiment to meet the needs of electronic cigarette use while also meeting the requirement of small circuit size in electronic cigarettes.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 Another circuit structure embodiment provided in this application. Referring to the figure, the circuit includes: an input voltage source 11 and a filter capacitor 12 for providing raw electrical energy; an inductor 13, which realizes voltage boosting through the principle of magnetic energy conversion generated by current change; a DC-DC power supply chip 14, a first power switch 15 and a second power switch 16, an output filter capacitor 17, and a feedback network 18. The feedback network 18 is used to collect output voltage information and send it back to the first-stage operational amplifier of the DC-DC power supply chip, compare it with the reference voltage, and form a negative feedback closed loop.

[0051] The feedback network 18 includes resistors R3, R4, and R5, and a switch Q3 connected to R5.

[0052] The basic feedback network consists of R3 and R4.

[0053] An advanced feedback network is formed by R5 and Q3, with R5 connected in parallel with R3 and in series with R4. When enable signal 3 is high, switch Q3 is turned on, and R5 is grounded. Therefore, under the control of enable signal 3, Figure 2 The boost circuit shown can produce two different output voltages. Specifically:

[0054] When enable signal 3 is low, R3 and R4 form a feedback network. At this time, the feedback voltage is VFB = Vout × R3 / (R3 + R4). After the negative feedback closed loop stabilizes, the feedback voltage VFB will be adjusted to be equal to the reference voltage VREF. Therefore, the relationship between the output voltage and the reference voltage is that the output voltage V5 = (R4 / R3 + 1) × VREF.

[0055] When enable signal 3 is high, switch Q3 is turned on and R5 is grounded. Thus, R5, R3, and R4 form a feedback network. At this time, the output voltage V6 = (R4 / R5 + R4 / R3 + 1) × VREF.

[0056] In another embodiment of this application, R3 and R4 in the feedback network 18 form a basic feedback network, and the advanced feedback network can be composed of three resistors and three switches. The three resistors are respectively connected to the switches, which are turned on or off under the control of an enable signal. When the switch is on, the resistors are grounded. The three resistors are connected in parallel with R3 and in series with R4. Referring to the circuit principle described above, the boost circuit can obtain eight output voltage values.

[0057] Referring to the above embodiments of the feedback network, and following the same circuit principle, in this application, the feedback network can also consist of more resistors and switches connected to them.

[0058] Reference Figure 3 This illustrates yet another implementation of the feedback network 18 described in this application.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the feedback network 18 includes resistors R1, R2, and R4, as well as switch Q1 connected to R1 and switch Q2 connected to R2. Q1 and Q2 can be MOSFETs. R1 and R2 are connected in series with R4, and the node where R1 and R2 are connected in series with R4 is connected to the feedback pin of the power chip (14).

[0060] When enable signal 1 is high, switch Q1 is turned on, and R1 is grounded; when enable signal 2 is high, switch Q2 is turned on, and R2 is grounded.

[0061] based on Figure 3 The circuit structure of the feedback network shown has at least one enable signal in the on state among the enable signal 1 and enable signal of the feedback network 18, thus the following combination of feedback voltages can be obtained.

[0062] When enable signal 1 is low and enable signal 2 is high, switch Q2 is turned on and Q1 is turned off. At this time, R2 is grounded. Therefore, R2 and R4 form a feedback network. The output voltage V = (R4 / R2 + 1) × VREF.

[0063] When enable signal 1 is high and enable signal 2 is low, switch Q1 is turned on and Q2 is turned off, and R1 is grounded. Thus, R1 and R4 form a feedback network, and the output voltage V = (R4 / R1+1) × VREF.

[0064] When enable signal 1 is high and enable signal 2 is high, switches Q1 and Q2 are both turned on, and R1 and R2 are grounded simultaneously. Thus, R1, R2, and R4 form a feedback network. At this time, the output voltage V4 = (R4 / R1 + R4 / R2 + 1) × VREF.

[0065] As can be seen from the above circuit structure, under the control of enable signal 1 and enable signal 2, Figure 3 The boost circuit shown can produce three different output voltages. Therefore, for a microwave heating atomizing device with voltage-controlled power output, the circuit of this embodiment can provide three different voltage values ​​to drive the microwave heating atomizing device to output microwave signals of different power to the microwave resonant cavity. This allows the circuit to meet the requirements of different power outputs from the resonant cavity in different scenarios, such as: the difference in output power when a cigarette is placed in the resonant cavity and not, the difference in optimal atomization power of cigarettes of different materials in the resonant cavity, and the control of the atomization progress of the cigarette during a smoking process designed according to the user's smoking process. Furthermore, since the feedback network in this embodiment consists only of resistors and MOS switches, the required PCB space is very limited, enabling the circuit of this embodiment to meet the needs of electronic cigarette use while also meeting the space requirements of electronic cigarette circuits.

[0066] Figure 3 The illustrated embodiments and Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared to the illustrated embodiment, the voltage divider resistor R3 has been removed. This requires at least two sets of feedback subnetworks, such as... Figure 3 The diagram shows a first feedback subnetwork including R1 and Q1, and a second feedback subnetwork including R2 and Q2. In other implementations, there may be more than two sets of feedback subnetworks, such as three, four, or more sets connected in parallel and in series with R4. This application is not limited to these. However, it is required that, under the control of an external enable signal, at least one set of feedback subnetworks in the feedback network 18 is in a conducting state, forming a voltage divider with R4 from that set of feedback subnetworks.

[0067] This application also provides a solid-state source using the switching power supply described above, and an electronic atomization device.

[0068] This technology atomizes the aerosol matrix in an atomization chamber using microwave heating, offering significant advantages in taste. The principle of microwave heating is that polar molecular materials generate heat through spin vibration and friction in a microwave electromagnetic field, causing their temperature to rise. In the field of heat-not-burn technology, microwaves are injected into a resonant cavity containing pharmaceutical / plant-based active substances. Within this cavity, a microwave electromagnetic field is formed. The pharmaceutical / plant-based active substances absorb the microwave energy, causing their temperature to rise and forming an aerosol. Due to the penetrating power of microwaves and the immersion of the pharmaceutical / plant-based active substances in the electromagnetic field, the substances are heated uniformly both internally and externally, effectively achieving a heat-not-burn effect and resulting in a superior taste.

[0069] Reference Figure 4 One embodiment of this application aims to provide an electronic atomization device for heating and atomizing aerosol to generate a matrix, comprising:

[0070] Battery: Provides initial electrical energy for the entire system.

[0071] The drain voltage modulation power supply 101 is used to generate different drain supply voltages according to preset values, convert the battery voltage into a stable and modulated DC voltage, and dynamically output different voltages according to processor instructions, such as 9V, 12V, 28V, 20V, 28V, etc., to provide adjustable drain power supply for the subsequent power amplifier and power the subsequent microwave module according to the requirements of different atomization device specifications.

[0072] The microwave signal source and power amplifier module 102 receives electrical energy from the leakage voltage modulation power supply, generates a microwave signal of a preset frequency, and enhances the signal strength through a power amplifier. For example, it generates a microwave signal of a fixed frequency (such as 2.45 GHz) and enhances it to the target power through a power amplifier. For example, according to the design requirements of electronic cigarette products, the required output power is between 1W and 50W, but this application does not limit the range of output power; different products can set the required power range according to design needs, such as between 1W and 50W.

[0073] Circulator 104 is used to isolate the microwave signal source and power amplifier module 102 from the microwave resonant cavity 107, and to separate the reflected microwave energy to coupler 105. The input terminal of the circulator is connected to the output terminal of the microwave signal source and power amplifier module 102 to receive the microwave signal; the output terminal of the circulator is connected to the microwave resonant cavity 107 to transmit the microwave signal to the microwave resonant cavity 107; the isolation terminal of the circulator is connected to coupler 105 to guide the unabsorbed power signal reflected from the microwave resonant cavity 107 to coupler 105.

[0074] Coupler 105 is used to sample appropriate reflected microwave power, monitor the resonant cavity matching state, and feed back to the processor. The coupler in this application can be a microstrip coupler circuit or a bridge coupler. Specifically, the coupler is located between circulator 104 and microwave resonant cavity 107, and transmits the unabsorbed power signal reflected from microwave resonant cavity 107 by circulator 104 to power detection unit 106.

[0075] The power detection unit 106 is used to detect the power of the microwave signal passing through the coupler 105 and feed the power data back to the processor 103.

[0076] Processor 103: Used to control the leakage voltage modulation power supply to adjust the output voltage, and to control the microwave signal source in the microwave signal source and power amplifier module to emit microwave signals of a specific frequency.

[0077] Under the control of the processor, the leakage voltage modulation power supply can output different voltage values, thereby enabling the atomizing device to achieve better atomization efficiency. For example, the operation of an electronic cigarette may include: standby mode and atomization mode. The output power of the electronic cigarette varies in different operating states. This application utilizes the control of the output voltage of the leakage voltage modulation power supply to achieve better resonance efficiency in the resonant cavity. Furthermore, depending on the product's functional requirements, during the atomization stage, the processor in the atomizing device can control the leakage voltage modulation power supply to output a fixed voltage value, or vary the output voltage value according to preset settings. This is based on the design requirements of the atomizing device, such as its impact on the speed of cigarette atomization and flavor.

[0078] The control signal of the processor 103 acts as an enable signal to control the switching on or off of the switches in the feedback sub-network. When the feedback sub-network is on or off, the feedback network obtains different voltage values ​​and outputs them to the power chip. The calculation method for the voltage value output by the feedback network to the power chip is described above.

[0079] In one method, the processor 103 generates a control signal (such as PWM, voltage, or digital instruction) based on the difference between the preset target value and the actual detected value (e.g., insufficient power or overload) to dynamically adjust the output voltage of the leakage voltage modulation power supply (101). For example, if the output power is lower than the target, the processor will increase the voltage of the leakage voltage modulation power supply, and vice versa.

[0080] In method two, the processor 103 generates control signals (such as PWM, voltage, or digital instructions) according to the preset values ​​corresponding to the working state, and adjusts the output voltage of the leakage voltage modulation power supply (101). This allows it to output different voltages in different states. A predefined correspondence between power values ​​and the output voltage values ​​of the leakage voltage modulation power supply is established. The processor controls the leakage voltage modulation power supply to output the corresponding voltage value according to the currently fed-back power, based on the preset definition.

[0081] The microwave resonant cavity 107 generates a high-intensity microwave field at a specific frequency in the microwave resonant metal cavity, which can store aerosol matrices such as drugs / plant active substances to be heated, and achieve uniform heating through the microwave electromagnetic field.

[0082] Based on the above circuit structure, the working mechanism of the circuit is as follows:

[0083] The processor 103 modulates the output voltage of the leakage voltage modulation power supply 101 according to different preset operating stages. The battery provides a stable and adjustable DC voltage through the leakage voltage modulation power supply 101 to ensure that the microwave signal source and power amplifier module 102 operate in optimal condition. The microwave signal source generates a microwave signal at a target frequency, the purpose of which is to maximize the utilization rate of microwave energy in the resonant cavity. After being amplified by the power amplifier, the microwave signal at the target frequency is input to the input terminal of the circulator 104, and the output terminal of the circulator outputs the microwave signal to the microwave resonant cavity 107. Power not fully absorbed by the resonant cavity 107 is reflected back to the circulator 104, guided through the isolation terminal of the circulator to the coupler 105, and sampled by the coupler. The sampled signal is then sent to the reverse power detection module 106, which detects the input power in real time and sends the detection result to the processor 103.

[0084] The leakage voltage modulation power supply is controlled to output different voltages at different stages to meet the voltage requirements of the atomizing device under different operating conditions. This achieves the function of providing variable voltage according to the needs of the atomizing device. An embodiment is provided below, in which, for a better atomization experience, the atomizing device is required to operate at different voltage values.

[0085] In this embodiment, the atomization process is defined as a standby stage, a preheating stage, and an atomization stage.

[0086] During standby, the electronic cigarette is powered on but not in operation. In standby mode, the control power supply outputs a low voltage setting, such as 9V. The device periodically emits low-power outputs to detect the cigarette's status, for example, by outputting a low-power pulse signal, such as 2 watts, with a pulse period of 100 milliseconds via a microwave generator.

[0087] During the preheating stage, when the insertion of a cigarette is detected, the voltage level of the leakage voltage modulation power supply is controlled to be set to 12V. At this time, the microwave signal source and power amplifier (102) outputs a medium power, for example, 5W. Under the control of the leakage voltage modulation power supply, the 5W power output is maintained for 1-2 seconds, so that the microwave resonant cavity is in the 1-2 second preheating stage, which causes the aerosol matrix to initially heat up.

[0088] During the atomization stage, high-power output is performed to generate aerosol in the resonant cavity. In this embodiment, each high-power output during the atomization stage can be set to be periodic, for example, the high-power output lasts for 2 seconds, or a similar value can be set depending on the specific product.

[0089] As a preferred embodiment, the atomization stage can be further divided into the following multiple stages.

[0090] In the first stage, the processor controls the leakage voltage modulation power supply to output a low voltage level, such as 9V. The processor controls the microwave signal source to generate a microwave signal of the corresponding frequency. This frequency causes the cigarette material to resonate in the microwave resonant cavity. The microwave signal emitted by the microwave signal source lasts for a set duration, such as about 100 milliseconds or 200 milliseconds. This stage avoids the electronic cigarette being heated too quickly, which would affect the smoking experience.

[0091] In the second stage, the leakage voltage modulation power supply is controlled to output a high voltage level, such as 28V, and full power output, such as 25W, with the execution time being a preset value, such as 0.6 seconds, 1 second, 1.5 seconds, 2 seconds, etc. At this time, aerosols are rapidly generated in the microwave resonant cavity.

[0092] The third stage controls the output of the leakage voltage modulation power supply to a medium-high voltage level, such as 20V, to maintain a medium-high power output, such as 18W, with the execution time set to a preset value, such as 1 second. This third stage prevents the cigarette from being heated at high power for an extended period of time and causing it to burn.

[0093] The above control methods ensure rapid aerosol production while preventing the tobacco from being overheated and charred, thus greatly improving the quality of the smoking process, avoiding the impact of charred tobacco on the taste of the cigarette, and preventing the generation of excess harmful substances.

[0094] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the atomization control process of the electronic cigarette meets the user's needs during the smoking process, such as avoiding rapid heating, avoiding burning, and improving the taste. Achieving this effect requires continuously changing the output power of the electronic cigarette's power devices. According to the above preferred embodiment of electronic cigarette atomization control, if a circuit structure based on leakage voltage modulation power supply is not adopted, the power utilization rate is very low, the energy loss is large, and the intuitive user experience is insufficient battery life. However, on the other hand, as a handheld miniaturized product, the battery capacity of electronic cigarettes cannot be increased indefinitely, ultimately rendering the product practically useless due to the excessive power consumption of the atomization process.

[0095] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A miniature switching power supply circuit, characterized in that, include: Inductor (13), power chip (14), first power switch (15), second power switch (16), feedback network (18); wherein: The first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16) are connected to the inductor (13) to form a switching circuit; one end of the inductor (13) is connected to the input voltage, and the output end of the inductor (13) outputs the voltage. The power chip (14) has its output pins connected to the gates of the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16) respectively, and is used to output control signals to drive the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16) to turn on or off. The feedback network (18) is connected between the output voltage and the power chip (14) to send the collected output voltage signal to the power chip (14). The power chip (14) compares the voltage signal fed back by the feedback network with the preset reference voltage and outputs a control signal according to the comparison result to drive the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16) to turn on or off.

2. The miniature switching power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power chip (14) includes a reference voltage (141), a first operational amplifier (142), a second operational amplifier (143), and a driving circuit (144). The feedback network (18) is connected between the output voltage and the first operational amplifier (142) in the power chip (14) to transmit the feedback voltage signal of the output voltage to the first operational amplifier (142). The first operational amplifier (142) compares the feedback signal with the reference voltage (141) and transmits the comparison result to the second operational amplifier (143). The second operational amplifier (143) amplifies the comparison result and controls the driving circuit (144) to drive the first power switch (15) and the second power switch (16).

3. The miniature switching power supply circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The feedback network (18) includes at least two voltage divider resistors R3 and R4, which are connected in series, and the series node of the voltage divider resistors R3 and R4 is connected to the feedback pin of the power chip (14).

4. The miniature switching power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feedback network (18) further includes at least one set of feedback sub-networks connected in parallel with the voltage divider resistor R3 and in series with the voltage divider resistor R4; The feedback subnetwork includes resistors and switches connected in series, and the switches are turned off and on under the control of an enable signal.

5. The miniature switching power supply circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The feedback network (18) includes a voltage divider resistor R4 and at least two sets of parallel feedback sub-networks connected in series with the voltage divider resistor R4; the series node of the feedback sub-network and the voltage divider resistor R4 is connected to the feedback pin of the power chip (14). The feedback subnetwork includes resistors and switches connected in series, and the switches are turned off and on under the control of an enable signal.

6. The miniature switching power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switches in the feedback sub-network are MOSFETs.

7. A solid-state source employing a micro switching power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, include: A leakage voltage modulation power supply, comprising a miniature switching power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the output voltage of the switching power supply circuit supplies power to the microwave signal and the power amplifier module; The microwave signal source and power amplifier module receive electrical energy from the leakage voltage modulation power supply and generate a microwave signal of a preset frequency. A circulator is used to isolate microwave signal sources, power amplifier modules, and microwave resonant cavities, and to separate reflected microwave energy to the coupler. A coupler is used to sample the reflected microwave power and feed it back to the processor; Processor: Controls the output voltage of the leakage voltage modulation power supply based on the reflected microwave power, and controls the microwave signal source in the microwave signal source and power amplifier module to emit microwave signals of a specific frequency.

8. The solid-state source according to claim 7, characterized in that: The processor's control signal is sent to the feedback network (18) of the micro switching power supply circuit as an enable signal to control the switching on or off in the feedback sub-network, so that the feedback network (18) outputs the corresponding voltage value to the power chip.

9. An atomizing device, characterized in that, include: The solid source as described in claim 7 or 8, and the atomizing device housing, wherein the solid source is disposed in the housing.

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