Oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing

Abstract

The utility model relates to an oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing, comprising an oil circuit circulating system, an oil heating system, a resistance heating system and a control system, the oil circuit circulating system is electrically connected with the oil heating system and the resistance heating system, the oil circuit circulating system is signal connected with the control system, the oil circuit circulating system comprises an oil drum, an oil pump, an oil inlet pipe, an oil pipe and an oil outlet pipe, the oil pipe is horizontally arranged above the oil drum, the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe are both connected with the oil pipe and the oil drum, the oil pump is arranged on the oil inlet pipe, the oil outlet pipe extends to the bottom of the oil drum, the inlet end and the outlet end of the oil pipe are both threadedly connected with an oil plug, the oil plug is centrally provided with a wire outlet hole for the wire to pass through, and the diameter of the wire outlet hole is 0.15mm larger than the diameter of the wire. The scheme solves a series of problems such as high energy consumption, serious pollution, easy ignition, difficult temperature control and high wire breakage rate of the traditional heating mode, and provides a reliable solution for stable, efficient and clean production of high-performance Cu-P-Sn alloy wire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wire processing technology, and in particular to an oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing. Background Technology

[0002] Cu-P-Sn alloy materials (phosphorus content 6%~8%, tin content 2%~8%, balance copper) have poor plasticity due to their composition characteristics, making them prone to breakage during cold drawing. To improve their machinability, the wire must be uniformly preheated to 250~350℃ before drawing.

[0003] Currently, common preheating methods mainly include the following: First, contact heating using heating tubes. This method has low thermal efficiency, requires a long heating path, and is prone to uneven heating of the wire inside and out, surface oxidation, and thus increases the frequency of wire breakage. Second, resistance heating by directly applying electricity to the wire. Although this method has higher thermal efficiency, it requires applying a high voltage to achieve rapid heating, which is prone to arcing, damaging the wire surface and also leading to pull-out breakage. It is also difficult to operate. In addition, although ordinary oil bath heating can provide uniform heating, it has problems such as high energy consumption, serious oil evaporation at high temperatures, and the generation of a large amount of oil fumes that pollute the environment and endanger the health of operators. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing, which can solve a series of problems of high energy consumption, high pollution, easy sparking, difficult temperature control, and high wire breakage rate of traditional heating methods.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] An oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing includes an oil circulation system, an oil heating system, a resistance heating system, and a control system. The oil circulation system is electrically connected to the oil heating system and the resistance heating system, and is signal-connected to the control system. The oil circulation system includes an oil tank, an oil pump, an oil inlet pipe, an oil pipe, and an oil outlet pipe. The oil pipe is horizontally positioned above the oil tank. Both the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe connect to the oil tank. The oil pump is mounted on the oil inlet pipe, and the oil outlet pipe extends to the bottom of the oil tank. Both the inlet and outlet ends of the oil pipe are threaded with oil plugs. Each oil plug has a wire outlet hole at its center for the wire to pass through. The diameter of the wire outlet hole is 0.15 mm larger than the diameter of the wire.

[0007] In this design, an independent, small-capacity high-temperature heating zone is constructed inside the oil pipe, while the oil drum serves as a large oil storage and cooling tank. A drawing die is installed on one side of the oil pipe's outlet. The wire enters from the inlet and is drawn out at a uniform speed under the action of the drawing die. Due to the presence of the oil pipe, only a small amount of oil needs to be pumped from the oil drum to the oil pipe for heating the wire in the oil bath. Compared to the traditional oil bath method of directly heating the entire oil drum, this method significantly reduces the amount of oil that needs to be continuously maintained at a high temperature, thereby greatly reducing energy consumption. The wire is heated within a sealed copper tube filled with hot oil, achieving 360° uniform heat exchange, avoiding the problems of localized overheating or heating dead zones that may occur with contact heating, and also avoiding environmental oxidation caused by high-temperature gas heating. This ensures that the core and surface temperatures of the wire remain consistent, resulting in uniform improvement in overall plasticity and contributing to improved dimensional consistency and mechanical property uniformity of the drawn wire. Furthermore, high-temperature oil evaporation is a major source of pollution in traditional oil bath heating. In this device, the high-temperature zone (oil pipe) is enclosed by a sealed structure, preventing the hot oil from being directly exposed to the air. After being discharged from the oil outlet pipe, the high-temperature oil directly enters the bottom of the oil tank, mixes with a large amount of room-temperature oil, and is rapidly cooled. This effectively suppresses the generation of oil fumes, greatly improves the air quality in the workshop, and reduces the health hazards to operators.

[0008] Furthermore, the oil pipe has a composite layered structure, consisting of a copper pipe, a ceramic pipe, a heating pipe, an asbestos insulation layer, and a carbon steel outer shell, arranged from the inside out. The heating pipe is spirally wound around the ceramic pipe, and the inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the copper pipe. As a pipe that directly contacts the hot oil, copper possesses excellent thermal conductivity, rapidly and efficiently transferring the heat generated by the external heating pipe to the oil flowing inside the pipe, minimizing heat loss during the transfer process. The ceramic pipe, positioned between the copper pipe and the heating pipe, completely blocks the current path between the spirally wound heating pipe and the internal copper pipe, eliminating the risk of leakage and short circuits at the source and ensuring the safety of the entire unit and operators. The heating tubes are spirally wound onto the ceramic tube, ensuring uniform distribution along the length of the oil pipe. This avoids localized overheating or heating dead zones, providing a uniform and stable heat source for the oil flowing through the entire pipe. This ensures that the wire is heated to the set temperature uniformly along its entire length and circumference as it passes through the oil pipe, which is crucial for preventing the Cu-P-Sn wire from breaking due to uneven heating. An asbestos insulation layer surrounds the heating tubes, securely locking the heat within the heating system and significantly reducing heat loss to the environment. The carbon steel outer shell, as the outermost protective structure, possesses excellent mechanical strength and wear resistance, protecting the fragile ceramic tubes and asbestos layer from external impacts or damage, ensuring the structural integrity of the entire heating assembly and extending its service life.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the oil plug features a pointed structure, and a high-temperature resistant rubber ring is installed inside the connection between the oil plug and the oil pipe. During equipment operation, a small amount of oil may seep out from the gap between the oil plug's thread outlet and the wire. The pointed structure acts like an integrated "funnel," actively collecting these seeping oil droplets at the tip, causing them to form droplets that can be controlled to drip back into the oil tank below. Additionally, although the oil plug and oil pipe are connected by threads, there may be tiny gaps between the metal threads, which cannot completely prevent the leakage of high-pressure hot oil. The high-temperature resistant rubber ring undergoes elastic deformation after the threads are tightened, filling the gaps. The presence of the rubber ring reduces the machining precision requirements for the oil pipe and oil plug threads.

[0010] Furthermore, the oil heating system includes a heating wire and a first electrical device that supplies power to the heating wire. The heating wire is spirally wound around a heating tube and is electrically connected to the first electrical device. The heating wire is positioned outside the ceramic tube, transferring heat first to the ceramic tube via thermal radiation and conduction, and then further to the wall of the copper tube, thereby heating the oil inside the copper tube and meeting the temperature requirements for the wire oil bath. This indirect heating method, compared to direct resistance heating of the wire or inserting heating rods directly into the oil tank, avoids localized overheating. It provides a large-area, uniform heat source for the oil, ensuring a stable and continuous heat input, resulting in a very stable heating process without the risk of sudden cooling or heating. Furthermore, heat is applied directly to the oil pipe carrying the oil flow and is tightly wrapped by an external asbestos layer, concentrating the heat energy on the target object and minimizing heat loss to the surrounding environment. Compared to traditional oil baths that heat the entire oil tank, this targeted heating method significantly improves thermal efficiency and drastically reduces energy consumption.

[0011] Furthermore, the resistance heating system includes at least one pair of brass rollers for clamping and conducting current to the wire, and a second electrical device that powers the brass rollers, with the rollers electrically connected to the second electrical device. Resistance heating is generated directly within the wire, resulting in an extremely fast, almost instantaneous, thermal response. When the drawing speed increases, leading to increased heat loss from the wire and a decrease in oil temperature, the control system can rapidly increase the voltage between the brass rollers via the second electrical device, immediately increasing the wire's own heat generation and quickly compensating for temperature loss. Simultaneously, brass possesses excellent conductivity and wear resistance. As an electrode, it efficiently conducts current to the wire; as a roller, its moderate hardness allows for reliable clamping and positioning of the wire without easily scratching or damaging the softer copper alloy wire surface. This design, integrating the conductive electrode and positioning roller into one unit, simplifies the mechanism and avoids surface damage that might be caused by additional electrode contact.

[0012] Furthermore, the control system includes a controller, thermocouples, and a frequency converter. The thermocouples are installed at the outlet end of the oil pipe to detect the oil temperature. The frequency converter is electrically connected to the oil pump to regulate its speed. The controller is connected to the thermocouples, the frequency converter, the first power supply, and the second power supply for signal transmission. The thermocouples monitor the oil temperature inside the oil pipe in real time and feed the oil temperature information back to the controller in real time, thereby ensuring that the oil temperature always fluctuates within the set value range, providing a fundamental guarantee for high-quality drawing. Specifically, the controller receives the temperature signal detected by the thermocouple and, based on this signal, adjusts the flow rate of the oil pump through the frequency converter, adjusts the power of the heating element through the first power supply, and adjusts the voltage between the brass rollers through the second power supply, thereby stabilizing the oil temperature at the set value.

[0013] In summary, this oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing solves a series of problems associated with traditional heating methods, such as high energy consumption, high pollution, easy sparking, difficulty in temperature control, and high wire breakage rate. It provides a reliable solution for the stable, efficient, and clean production of high-performance Cu-P-Sn alloy wires. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the oil circulation system of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil plug of this utility model;

[0018] The components include: oil circulation system-1, oil tank-11, oil pump-12, oil inlet pipe-13, oil pipe-14, copper pipe-141, ceramic pipe-142, heating pipe-143, asbestos insulation layer-144, carbon steel shell-145, oil outlet pipe-15, oil plug-16, thread outlet hole-161, high temperature resistant rubber ring-162, oil heating system-2, resistance heating system-3, brass roller-31, second power device-32, control system-4, controller-41, thermocouple-42, and frequency converter-43. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the orientation and positional relationship indicated by terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing includes an oil circulation system 1, an oil heating system 2, a resistance heating system 3, and a control system 4. The oil circulation system 1 is electrically connected to the oil heating system 2 and the resistance heating system 3, and the oil circulation system 1 is signal connected to the control system 4. The oil circulation system 1 includes an oil tank 11, an oil pump 12, an oil inlet pipe 13, an oil pipe 14, and an oil outlet pipe 15. The oil pipe 14 is horizontally positioned above the oil tank 11. The oil inlet pipe 13 and the oil outlet pipe 15 are both connected to the oil pipe 14 and the oil tank 11. The oil pump 12 is mounted on the oil inlet pipe 13. The oil outlet pipe 15 extends to the bottom of the oil tank 11. The inlet and outlet ends of the oil pipe 14 are threaded with oil plugs 16. The oil plug 16 has a wire outlet hole 161 in the center for the wire to pass through. The diameter of the wire outlet hole 161 is 0.15 mm larger than the diameter of the wire.

[0022] In this design, an independent, small-capacity high-temperature heating zone is constructed inside the oil pipe 14, while the oil tank 11 serves as a large oil storage and cooling reservoir. A drawing die is installed on one side of the outlet end of the oil pipe 14. The wire enters from the inlet end and is drawn out at a uniform speed under the action of the drawing die. Due to the presence of the oil pipe 14, for the wire oil bath, only a small amount of oil needs to be drawn from the oil tank 11 to the oil pipe 14 for heating using the oil pump 12. Compared to the traditional oil bath method of directly heating the entire oil tank 11, this method significantly reduces the amount of oil that needs to be continuously maintained at a high temperature, thereby greatly reducing energy consumption. The wire is heated within the sealed copper pipe 141 filled with hot oil, achieving 360° circumferential uniform heat exchange, avoiding the problems of localized overheating or heating dead zones that may occur with contact heating, and also avoiding environmental oxidation caused by high-temperature gas heating. This ensures that the core and surface temperatures of the wire remain consistent, resulting in uniform improvement in overall plasticity and contributing to improved dimensional consistency and mechanical property uniformity of the drawn wire. Furthermore, the volatilization of high-temperature oil is a major source of pollution in traditional oil bath heating. In this device, the high-temperature zone (oil pipe 14) is enclosed by a sealed structure, preventing the hot oil from being directly exposed to the air. After being discharged from the oil outlet pipe 15, the high-temperature oil directly enters the bottom of the oil tank 11, mixes with a large amount of room-temperature oil, and is rapidly cooled, thereby effectively suppressing the generation of oil fumes, greatly improving the air quality in the workshop, and reducing the health hazards to operators.

[0023] Preferably, the oil pipe 14 has a composite layered structure, consisting of, from the inside out, a copper pipe 141, a ceramic pipe 142, a heating pipe 143, an asbestos insulation layer 144, and a carbon steel outer shell 145. The heating pipe 143 is spirally wound around the ceramic pipe 142. The inlet pipe 13 and the outlet pipe 15 are connected to the copper pipe 141. As a pipe that comes into direct contact with the hot oil, copper has excellent thermal conductivity, which can quickly and efficiently transfer the heat generated by the external heating pipe 143 to the oil flowing inside the pipe, minimizing heat loss during the transfer process. The ceramic pipe 142 is located between the copper pipe 141 and the heating pipe 143, completely blocking the current path between the spirally wound heating pipe 143 and the internal copper pipe 141, eliminating the risk of leakage and short circuit at the source, and ensuring the safety of the entire device and the operators. Heating tubes 143 are spirally wound onto ceramic tubes 142, ensuring uniform distribution along the length of oil pipe 14. This avoids localized overheating or heating dead zones, providing a uniform and stable heat source for the oil flowing through the entire pipe. This ensures that the wire is heated to the set temperature uniformly along its entire length and circumference as it passes through oil pipe 14, which is crucial for preventing breakage of Cu-P-Sn wire due to uneven heating. An asbestos insulation layer 144 surrounds the heating tubes 143, securely locking heat within the heating system and significantly reducing heat loss to the environment. A carbon steel outer shell 145, as the outermost protective structure, possesses excellent mechanical strength and wear resistance, protecting the fragile ceramic tubes 142 and asbestos layer from external impacts or damage, ensuring the structural integrity of the entire heating assembly and extending its service life.

[0024] Preferably, the bottom of the oil plug 16 has a pointed structure, and a high-temperature resistant rubber ring 162 is installed inside the connection between the oil plug 16 and the oil pipe 14. During equipment operation, a small amount of oil will seep out from the gap between the thread outlet 161 of the oil plug 16 and the wire. The pointed structure acts like an integrated "funnel," actively collecting these seeping oil droplets at the tip of the pointed corner, forming droplets that can be controlled to drip back into the oil tank 11 below. In addition, although the oil plug 16 and the oil pipe 14 are connected by threads, there may be tiny gaps between the metal threads, which cannot completely prevent the leakage of high-pressure hot oil. The high-temperature resistant rubber ring 162 undergoes elastic deformation after the threads are tightened, filling the gaps. The presence of the rubber ring reduces the machining accuracy requirements of the threads of the oil pipe 14 and the oil plug 16.

[0025] Preferably, the oil heating system 2 includes a heating wire (not shown in the figure) and a first electrical device (not shown in the figure) to supply power to the heating wire. The heating wire is spirally wound on the heating tube 143, and the heating wire is electrically connected to the first electrical device. The heating wire is located outside the ceramic tube 142. Through heat radiation and conduction, heat is first transferred to the ceramic tube 142, and then further transferred to the wall of the copper tube 141, thereby heating the oil inside the copper tube 141 and meeting the temperature requirements of the wire oil bath. Compared with direct resistance heating of the wire or direct insertion of heating rods into the oil tank 11, this indirect heating method avoids local overheating. It provides a large-area, uniform heat source for the oil, ensuring stable and continuous heat input. The heating process is very stable and there is no risk of sudden cooling or heating. In addition, the heat is directly applied to the oil pipe 14 carrying the oil flow and is tightly wrapped by the outer asbestos layer, concentrating the heat energy on the target object and minimizing heat loss to the surrounding environment. This targeted heating mode significantly improves thermal efficiency and greatly reduces energy consumption compared to traditional oil baths that heat the entire oil drum 11.

[0026] Preferably, the resistance heating system 3 includes at least one pair of brass rollers 31 for clamping and conducting current to the wire, and a second power supply 32 for powering the brass rollers 31, the brass rollers 31 being electrically connected to the second power supply 32. Resistance heating is generated directly inside the wire, with an extremely fast, almost instantaneous, thermal response. When the drawing speed increases, causing the wire to carry away more heat and the oil temperature to drop, the control system 4 can quickly increase the voltage between the brass rollers 31 via the second power supply 32, immediately increasing the heat generated by the wire itself and quickly compensating for the temperature loss. Simultaneously, brass material has excellent conductivity and wear resistance. As an electrode, it can efficiently conduct current to the wire; as a roller, its moderate hardness allows it to reliably clamp and position the wire without easily scratching or damaging the surface of the softer copper alloy wire. This design, which integrates the conductive electrode and the positioning wheel, simplifies the mechanism and avoids surface damage that may be caused by additional electrode contact.

[0027] Preferably, the control system 4 includes a controller 41, a thermocouple 42, and a frequency converter 43. The thermocouple 42 is installed at the outlet end of the oil pipe 14 to detect the oil temperature. The frequency converter 43 is electrically connected to the oil pump 12 to regulate its speed. The controller 41 is connected to the thermocouple 42, the frequency converter 43, the first power device, and the second power device 32 via signals. The thermocouple 42 monitors the oil temperature inside the oil pipe 14 in real time and feeds back the oil temperature status to the controller 41 in real time, thereby ensuring that the oil temperature always fluctuates within the set value range, providing a fundamental guarantee for high-quality drawing. Specifically, the controller 41 receives the temperature signal detected by the thermocouple 42 and, based on this signal, adjusts the flow rate of the oil pump 12 through the frequency converter 43, adjusts the power of the heating tube 143 through the first power device, and adjusts the voltage between the brass rollers 31 through the second power device 32, thereby stabilizing the oil temperature at the set value.

[0028] In summary, this oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing solves a series of problems associated with traditional heating methods, such as high energy consumption, high pollution, easy sparking, difficulty in temperature control, and high wire breakage rate. It provides a reliable solution for the stable, efficient, and clean production of high-performance Cu-P-Sn alloy wires.

[0029] In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing, characterized by: The system includes an oil circulation system, an oil heating system, a resistance heating system, and a control system. The oil circulation system is electrically connected to the oil heating system and the resistance heating system, and is signal-connected to the control system. The oil circulation system includes an oil tank, an oil pump, an oil inlet pipe, an oil pipe, and an oil outlet pipe. The oil pipe is horizontally positioned above the oil tank. Both the oil inlet pipe and the oil outlet pipe connect the oil pipe and the oil tank. The oil pump is mounted on the oil inlet pipe. The oil outlet pipe extends to the bottom of the oil tank. Both the inlet and outlet ends of the oil pipe are threaded with oil plugs. Each oil plug has a wire outlet hole in its center for the wire to pass through. The diameter of the wire outlet hole is 0.15 mm larger than the diameter of the wire.

2. The oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil pipe has a composite layered structure, consisting of a copper pipe, a ceramic pipe, a heating pipe, an asbestos insulation layer, and a carbon steel outer shell from the inside out. The heating pipe is spirally wound around the ceramic pipe, and the oil inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the copper pipe.

3. The oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the oil plug has a pointed structure, and a high-temperature resistant rubber ring is installed inside the connection between the oil plug and the oil pipe.

4. The oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil heating system includes a heating wire and a first power supply for the heating wire. The heating wire is spirally wound on a heating tube and is electrically connected to the first power supply.

5. The oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance heating system includes at least one pair of brass rollers for clamping and conducting current to the wire, and a second power supply device for powering the brass rollers, wherein the brass rollers are electrically connected to the second power supply device.

6. The oil bath resistance composite preheating device for wire drawing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system includes a controller, a thermocouple, and a frequency converter. The thermocouple is installed at the outlet end of the oil pipe to detect the oil temperature. The frequency converter is electrically connected to the oil pump to adjust its speed. The controller is connected to the thermocouple, the frequency converter, the first power device, and the second power device for signal connection.

Images