Component for generating active haptic feedback

Abstract

Component (1) for generating active haptic feedback, comprising a base body (2) with first and second inner electrodes (3, 4) stacked one above the other in a stacking direction (S), wherein a piezoelectric layer (9) is arranged between each of the inner electrodes (3, 4), wherein the component (1) is designed to detect a force applied to the component (1), wherein the component (1) is designed to generate active haptic feedback when a force applied to the component (1) is detected, and wherein the haptic feedback is generated by applying an electrical voltage between the first and second inner electrodes (3, 4) which leads to a change in length of the base body (2), wherein the component (1) has a first outer electrode (5) and a second outer electrode (6), wherein the first inner electrodes (3) are contacted with the first outer electrode (5) and the second inner electrodes (4) are contacted with the second outer electrode (6), wherein the component (1) has a measuring unit (18) for measuring a voltage generated between the first and the second inner electrodes (3, 4) as a result of the force exerted on the component (1), and wherein the component (1) is designed to detect the force exerted on the component (1) based on the values ​​recorded by the measuring unit (18), wherein the measuring unit (18) is designed to measure the voltage between the first and the second internal electrodes (3, 4) and, upon detection of an increase in the voltage, to conclude that the component (1) has been actuated, wherein the measuring unit is designed to detect how large the force exerted on the component (1) is, for which purpose several threshold values ​​for the voltage generated between the first and the second internal electrodes (3, 4) are defined in the measuring unit and it is checked which of these threshold values ​​are exceeded.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a component for generating active haptic feedback. This component is designed to provide feedback to a user when the user exerts a force on it. Such a component can be used, for example, in a button, such as an operating button for instruments. The component can generate this active haptic feedback, for example, to inform a user that settings made by the user have been successfully implemented by the component.

[0002] Elements for generating active haptic feedback are known, for example, from vibration alerts in mobile phones. These use motors with an imbalance. However, they result in uneven feedback and are also comparatively tall.

[0003] US 2011 / 0 310 055 A1 shows an actuator for generating haptic feedback, which includes sensor electrodes, drive electrodes and piezoelectric layers.

[0004] US 2006 / 0 028 095 A1 discloses a multilayer piezoelectric device in which a measuring voltage can be detected between a common electrode and a measuring electrode as a result of a mechanical force acting on the piezoelectric element, and in which a voltage can be applied between the common electrode and a drive electrode which causes the multilayer device to vibrate.

[0005] US 5 729 077 A shows a piezoelectric multilayer device, on whose end faces frustoconical sheets are arranged, which are referred to as end caps.

[0006] US 2009 / 0 146 533 A1 shows a piezoelectric component that is used both to generate haptic signals and as a pressure sensor.

[0007] JANOCHA, Hartmut: “Intelligent” and Self-Sensing Actuators. In: Unconventional Actuators: An Introduction. 2nd, revised and updated edition. Munich: Oldenbourg-Verlag, 2013. Title page + pp. 7-10. - ISBN 978-3-486-71886-7 shows a “self-sensing solid-state actuator”, which is a piezoelectric multilayer component that utilizes the actuator and sensor properties of the same active material.

[0008] The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved component for generating active haptic feedback.

[0009] This problem is solved by a component according to claim 1.

[0010] A component for generating active haptic feedback is proposed, comprising a base body with first and second inner electrodes stacked one above the other in a stacking direction, wherein a piezoelectric layer is arranged between each of the inner electrodes, wherein the component is designed to detect a force exerted on the component and to generate active haptic feedback when a force exerted on the component is detected, wherein the haptic feedback is generated by applying an electrical voltage between the first and second inner electrodes, which leads to a change in the length of the base body.

[0011] The feedback is referred to as active feedback because it is generated by the component itself. The feedback is also referred to as haptic feedback because a user can perceive it through their sense of touch.

[0012] The change in length of the base body can, in particular, involve a change in length in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction. Such a change in length is also referred to as transverse contraction. This change in length in the direction perpendicular to the stacking direction can occur as a result of the piezoelectric effect, which arises in the piezoelectric layers due to the voltage applied between the first and second inner electrodes.

[0013] The component can also be designed to convert the change in length of the base body in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction into a change in length of the component in the stacking direction. In particular, the change in length of the component in the stacking direction can be perceived by a user as active haptic feedback.

[0014] Because the active haptic feedback is generated by applying a voltage between the first and second internal electrodes, the component offers many degrees of freedom in designing the active haptic feedback. This can be varied by changing the duration of the voltage application, by changing the amplitude of the applied voltage, or by alternating between intervals with and without voltage. In this way, different types of feedback can be defined for different events.

[0015] The first and second inner electrodes can differ in that they are contacted with different outer electrodes of the component and that a voltage can therefore be applied between them.

[0016] The piezoelectric layer can be a lead zirconate titanate ceramic (PZT ceramic). The piezoelectric layers can be polarized such that applying an alternating voltage between the first and second inner electrodes, and the associated piezoelectric effect, causes a change in the length of the substrate. The PZT ceramic can also contain Nd and Ni. Alternatively, the PZT ceramic can also contain Nd, K, and optionally Cu. Alternatively, the piezoelectric layers can be made of Pb(Zr)₂. x Ti 1-x )O3 + y Pb(Mn 1 / 3 Note 2 / 3 exhibit a composition containing O3.

[0017] The base body can be a sintered part that has the internal electrodes and the piezoelectric layers.

[0018] A frustoconical sheet can be arranged on the top and / or bottom of the component. This sheet can be designed to transform a change in length of the base body in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction into a change in length of the component in the stacking direction. The sheet can also serve to amplify a change in length of the base body in the stacking direction resulting from transverse contraction of the base body. For this purpose, the sheet can be shaped such that contraction or expansion of the sheet's edge regions leads to a significant raising or lowering of a central region of the sheet. The sheet can thus contribute to converting the transverse contraction of the base body into a significant change in length of the component in the stacking direction.

[0019] The frustoconical sheet can have an edge region that is attached to the top or bottom of the component. This edge region can be attached to the component's base body, for example, by gluing, soldering, or welding. The sheet can also have a central region that projects from the top or bottom of the base body in the stacking direction. The distance of the central region of the sheet from the top or bottom can change significantly if the base body undergoes transverse contraction due to a voltage applied between the inner electrodes.

[0020] The sheet metal can contain or be made of titanium. Titanium offers significant advantages, particularly for the application of this component to generate active haptic feedback. The component can, for example, be used as a button, generating active haptic feedback when a user presses it. When such a button is pressed by a person, it is almost inevitable that moisture, such as perspiration, will remain on the button. This can lead to corrosion. However, titanium is a particularly corrosion-resistant material, so it can effectively protect the component from long-term damage caused by corrosion.

[0021] Furthermore, titanium has a high mechanical strength, which can extend the lifespan of the component.

[0022] Furthermore, titanium has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is very close to that of the base material. This means that the joint between the sheet and the base material is not subjected to significant mechanical stress when the temperature changes. For example, both the sheet and the base material can have a coefficient of thermal expansion between 8 and 9 ppm / K.

[0023] According to one aspect, the component has a measuring unit for measuring a voltage generated between the first and second internal electrodes, which arises as a result of a force exerted on the base body. The component is designed to detect the force exerted on it based on the values ​​recorded by the measuring unit. The first and second internal electrodes can therefore perform a dual function in the component. On the one hand, they can serve to detect a force exerted on the component, since a voltage is generated between them in this case. On the other hand, they can trigger the change in length of the component, which generates the active haptic feedback when an alternating voltage is applied between them.

[0024] According to a second aspect, the component has a third inner electrode connected to a measuring contact. The third inner electrode is not electrically contacted with a first outer electrode, to which the first inner electrodes are connected, nor with a second outer electrode, to which the second inner electrodes are connected.

[0025] The component can be configured to measure a voltage generated between the third inner electrode and one of the first inner electrodes, which arises as a result of a force exerted on the base body, wherein the component is configured to detect the force exerted on the component based on the measured voltage. One of the first inner electrodes can be directly adjacent to the third inner electrode.

[0026] The use of a separate third internal electrode, which is not used to generate a change in the length of the base body but solely to detect the voltage applied to the component, can be advantageous for achieving higher sensitivity. For example, the distance between the third internal electrode and the adjacent first internal electrode can be greater than the distances between the adjacent first and second internal electrodes. Consequently, a higher voltage is present between the third electrode and the adjacent first internal electrode for the same mechanical force, thus lowering the threshold for detecting a force.

[0027] In a comparative example illustrating the second aspect, the third inner electrode is positioned centrally within a stack of first and second inner electrodes. Such a configuration is symmetrical. Therefore, the third inner electrode cannot interfere with the component's operation, and its functionality is not impaired.

[0028] According to the second aspect, the third inner electrode is arranged in the base body such that all first and second inner electrodes are located on one side of the third inner electrode. This design ensures that the third inner electrode is only adjacent to one other inner electrode. Consequently, the area of ​​the device that cannot be actively used to generate transverse contraction is reduced.

[0029] The base body can have a hole extending in the stacking direction from a bottom to a top of the base body, cutting out a central area of ​​the base body. This reduces the capacitance between the first and second inner electrodes, allowing the device to operate at lower power.

[0030] The base body can have a round base oriented perpendicular to the stacking direction. Compared to a square base, the corner areas are essentially truncated. This can also serve to reduce the capacitance of the base body. Reducing the capacitance of the base body means that less power is required to operate the component.

[0031] The base body can have a base surface arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction, the side length of which is between 10 and 30 mm, and the base body can have a height between 0.5 and 2.0 mm in the stacking direction.

[0032] The inner electrodes may contain copper or be made of copper.

[0033] According to a further aspect, the present invention relates to an arrangement comprising several stacked components as described above. The components are stacked one above the other in the stacking direction. The changes in length of the components in the stacking direction are additive, so that the arrangement as a whole can generate stronger feedback, since the change in length of the arrangement is many times greater than the change in length of a single component. The central areas of the metal sheets arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the components are rigidly connected to one another.

[0034] The following are advantageous aspects. To facilitate referencing, the aspects are numbered. The characteristics of these aspects are relevant not only in combination with the specific aspect to which they refer, but also when considered separately. 1. Component for generating active haptic feedback, exhibiting a base body with first and second inner electrodes stacked one above the other in a stacking direction, wherein a piezoelectric layer is arranged between each of the inner electrodes, wherein the component is designed to detect a force exerted on the component, wherein the component is designed to generate active haptic feedback when a force applied to the component is detected, and The haptic feedback is generated by applying an electrical voltage between the first and second internal electrodes, which leads to a change in the length of the base body. 2. Component according to aspect 1, wherein a frustoconical sheet is arranged on a top and / or a bottom of the component. 3. Component according to aspect 2, wherein the frustoconical sheet metal has an edge region that is attached to the top or bottom of the component, and wherein the frustoconical sheet has a central area that protrudes from the top or bottom in the stacking direction. 4. Component according to one of aspects 2 or 3, the sheet metal contains titanium. 5. Component according to one of the previous aspects, wherein the component has a measuring unit for measuring a voltage generated between the first and second internal electrodes as a result of a force exerted on the component, and the component is designed to recognize the force exerted on the component based on the values ​​recorded by the measuring unit. 6. Component according to one of the previous aspects, further comprising a third internal electrode (20) which is connected to a measuring contact. 7. Component according to aspect 6, wherein the component is designed to measure a voltage generated between the third inner electrode and one of the first inner electrodes, which arises as a result of a force exerted on the component, and the component is designed to detect the force exerted on the component based on the measured voltage. 8. Component according to one of aspects 6 or 7, wherein the third inner electrode is arranged centrally in the stack direction in a stack of first and second inner electrodes. 9. Component according to one of aspects 6 or 7, wherein the third inner electrode is arranged in the base body such that all first and second inner electrodes are arranged on one side of the third inner electrode. 10. Component according to one of the previous aspects, wherein the base body has a hole that extends in a stacking direction from a bottom of the base body to a top of the base body. 11. Component according to one of the previous aspects, wherein the base body has a base surface arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction, which is round. 12. Component according to one of aspects 1 to 10, wherein the base body has a base surface arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction, the side lengths of which are between 10 and 30 mm. 13. Component according to one of the previous aspects, wherein the base body has a height between 0.5 and 2.0 mm in the stacking direction. 14. Component according to one of the previous aspects, the inner electrodes contain copper. 15. Arrangement comprising several stacked building elements according to one of the previous aspects.

[0035] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the figures. Fig. Figure 1 shows a cross-section through a component for generating active haptic feedback according to a first embodiment. Fig. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a building element, Fig. Figure 3 shows a cross-section through the basic body of the component, Fig. Figure 4 shows a cross-section through the base body of a component according to a second embodiment. Fig. Figure 5 shows a cross-section through a basic body of a component according to a third embodiment. Fig. Figure 6 shows a piezoelectric layer printed with a first inner electrode, Fig. Figure 7 shows a piezoelectric layer printed with a second inner electrode, Fig. Figure 8 shows a piezoelectric layer printed with a third inner electrode, Fig. Figure 9 shows the basic body of a component according to a fourth embodiment.

[0036] Fig. Figure 1 shows a cross-section through a component 1 for generating active haptic feedback. Fig. Figure 2 shows component 1 in an alternative embodiment in a perspective view.

[0037] The component 1 has a base body 2 with first inner electrodes 3 and second inner electrodes 4 stacked one above the other in a stacking direction S. The first inner electrodes 3 are contacted with a first outer electrode 5. The second inner electrodes 4 are contacted with a second outer electrode 6. The first and second outer electrodes 5, 6 are each arranged on a side surface 7 of the base body 2, the surface normal of which extends perpendicular to the stacking direction S. In the case of the Fig. In the component 1 shown, the first and second outer electrodes 5, 6 are arranged on opposite side surfaces 5. In the component shown in Fig. In the component 1 shown in Figure 2, the first and second outer electrodes 5, 6 are arranged on the same side surface 7.

[0038] The base body 2 has a low height in the stacking direction S. Furthermore, the base body 2 has a base 8 whose surface normal is parallel to the stacking direction S. The area of ​​the base 8 is significantly larger than the height of the base body 2. This results in a flat and wide base body 2. For example, the maximum extent of the base body 2 in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction S can be at least ten times greater than the height of the base body 2 in the stacking direction S. Preferably, the extent of the base body 2 in a direction perpendicular to the stacking direction S is at least twenty times greater than the height of the base body 2 in the stacking direction S.

[0039] Furthermore, the base body 2 has piezoelectric layers 9 made of a piezoelectric material, e.g., a PZT ceramic. The piezoelectric layers 9 are arranged between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4. The piezoelectric layers 9 are polarized such that applying an electrical voltage between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4 leads to a transverse contraction of the base body 2, whereby the length of the base body 2 changes perpendicular to the stacking direction S.

[0040] The lateral contraction inevitably leads to a change in length of the base body 2 in the stacking direction S. This change in length in the stacking direction S can be perceived as active haptic feedback by a user of the component 1.

[0041] To further enhance the effect of the length change in the stacking direction S, an upper frustoconical sheet 11 is arranged on a top surface 10 of the component 1. Furthermore, a lower frustoconical sheet 13 is arranged on the bottom surface 12 of the component 1. The top surface 10 and the bottom surface 11 are opposite each other in the stacking direction S. The surface normals of the top surface 10 and the bottom surface 11 are parallel to the stacking direction S.

[0042] The sheets 11 and 13 each have an edge region 14 that is rigidly connected to the base body 2. Furthermore, the sheets 11 and 13 each have a central region 15. The central region 15 of the upper sheet 11 extends from the top surface 10 of the base body 2 and therefore does not touch it. The central region 15 of the lower sheet 13 extends from the bottom surface 12 of the base body 2 and therefore also does not touch it. The distance between the central region 15 of the upper sheet 11 and the top surface 10 is 0.5 mm in a state in which no force is exerted on the component 1 and no stress is present between the first and second internal electrodes 3 and 4. The distance of the central region 15 of the lower sheet 13 from the bottom surface 12 is also 0.5 mm in this state.

[0043] The central region 15 of the upper sheet 11 is connected to the edge region 14 of the upper sheet 11 via a connection region 16. The connection region 16 has two bending points 17 where the upper sheet deforms particularly strongly when the edge region 14 is pulled together or apart. The lower sheet 13 is constructed in the same way.

[0044] If a voltage is now applied between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4, causing a transverse contraction of the base body 2, the edge regions 14 of the sheets 11, 13 are each radially contracted, as they are rigidly connected to the base body 2. As a result, the central regions 15 of the frustoconical sheets 11, 13 are lifted in the stacking direction, with the sheets 11, 13 being bent, particularly at the two bending points 17. The central region 15 of the upper sheet 11 is moved in the stacking direction in the opposite direction to the central region 15 of the lower sheet 13. This increases the change in length of the component 1 in the stacking direction S, as the central regions 15 move away from each other.

[0045] If the voltage applied between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4 is reversed, the edge regions of the sheets 11, 13 are moved radially away from each other. This causes the two central regions 15 of the sheets 11, 13 to move towards each other.

[0046] In this way, the transverse contraction of the base body 2 can be transformed into a change in length of the base body 2 in the stacking direction. For example, a component 1 with a height of less than 2.5 mm can thus experience a deflection of approximately 100 µm in the stacking direction S. It would not be possible to achieve a change in length of this magnitude in the stacking direction S with a component 1 of this height solely due to a piezoelectric effect acting directly in the stacking direction S.

[0047] Fig. Figure 3 shows a simplified cross-section through the base body 2 of the component 1 according to the first embodiment. Fig. Figure 3 shows the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4 arranged in the base body 2. These are stacked alternately on top of each other in the stacking direction S.

[0048] Component 1 is designed to detect a force acting upon it. Component 1 can, for example, be designed as a button that can be pressed by a user. The user exerts a force on the top surface 10 of component 1, causing it to deform. In particular, component 1 is compressed in the stacking direction S. As a result, an electrical voltage is generated in the piezoelectric layers 9. This voltage is now present between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4.

[0049] Component 1 is further connected to a measuring unit 18 and a control unit 19. These are in Fig. Figure 3 is shown schematically. The measuring unit 18 measures the voltage applied between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4. The control unit 19 is designed to apply an alternating voltage between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4.

[0050] If no force is applied to component 1, there is no voltage between the first and second internal electrodes 3, 4. However, if a user presses on component 1, an electrical voltage is generated, which is now present between the first and second internal electrodes 3, 4. The voltage between the first and second internal electrodes 3, 4 is continuously measured by the measuring unit 18. If the measuring unit 18 detects an increase in voltage, it can be inferred that the button has been pressed.

[0051] If the voltage between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4 exceeds a predefined threshold, the control unit 19 can initiate the generation of active haptic feedback. For this purpose, the control unit 19 applies an alternating voltage between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4. Due to the piezoelectric effect, the alternating voltage causes a transverse contraction of the component 1 and a corresponding change in length in the stacking direction S, which is perceived as feedback.

[0052] The measuring unit 18 can further be configured to detect the magnitude of the force exerted on the component 1. For this purpose, several threshold values ​​for the voltage generated between the first and second internal electrodes 3, 4 can be defined in the measuring unit 18, and it is checked which of these threshold values ​​are exceeded. The control unit 19 can further be configured to initiate the generation of feedback, the precise characteristics of which depend on the magnitude of the exerted force. The magnitude and duration of the applied alternating voltage can be varied.

[0053] Fig. Figure 4 shows a cross-section through a base body 2 of a component 1 according to a second embodiment. The component 1 has a third inner electrode 20. The third inner electrode 20 is not connected to either the first outer electrode 5 or the second outer electrode 6. Instead, the third inner electrode 20 is connected to an additional measuring contact (not shown), which is also arranged on the side surface 7 of the base body 2. The third inner electrode 20 serves to detect a force exerted on the base body 2. For this purpose, the voltage between the third inner electrode 20 and the two adjacent first inner electrodes 3 is monitored by the measuring unit 18. If a force is exerted on the base body 2, a voltage is generated between these inner electrodes 3 and 20.

[0054] The third inner electrode 20 is arranged centrally in a stack of first and second inner electrodes 3, 4. The component 1 has a symmetrical structure. The distance between the third inner electrode 20 and the adjacent first inner electrodes 3 is greater than the distances between the adjacent first and second inner electrodes 3, 4. Due to this greater distance, a higher voltage is generated between the third inner electrode 20 and the adjacent first inner electrodes 3 than between a first and an adjacent second inner electrode 3, 4 when a force is applied to the component 1. This increases the measurement sensitivity, as even small forces can be sufficient to generate voltages that can be detected by the measuring unit 18.

[0055] Fig. Figure 5 shows the base body 2 of a component 1 according to a third embodiment. The third embodiment differs from the second embodiment in the arrangement of the third inner electrode 20. Here, the third inner electrode 20 is the inner electrode that is located closest to the underside 12 of the base body 2. The stack has only one piezoelectric layer 9 with an increased thickness, so that the overall height of the stack can be reduced, or that more inner electrodes can be arranged in the component 1 for the same stack height.

[0056] However, component 1 is now not symmetrically constructed. If an electrical voltage is applied between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4, component 1 can bend due to the piezoelectric effect.

[0057] The Fig. Figures 6 to 8 each show a printed image of a piezoelectric layer 9. Fig. Figure 6 shows a piezoelectric layer 9 on which a first internal electrode 3 is printed. Fig. Figure 7 shows a piezoelectric layer 9 on which a second internal electrode 4 is printed. Fig. Figure 8 shows a piezoelectric layer 9 on which a third internal electrode 20 is arranged.

[0058] Each inner electrode has a contact bridge 21 via which the inner electrode is electrically contacted with one of the outer electrodes 5, 6 or with the measuring contact. The first inner electrode 3, the second inner electrode 4, and the third inner electrode 20 differ in the arrangement of their respective contact bridges 21.

[0059] Apart from the respective contact bridge 21, the inner electrodes 3, 4, 20 are set back from the side faces of the base body 2. Accordingly, insulation zones 22 are arranged here. The insulation zones 22 do not undergo any transverse contraction when an alternating voltage is applied between the first and second inner electrodes 3, 4. This can lead to mechanical stresses in the component 1, also known as the clamping effect. These mechanical stresses can reduce the change in length of the component 1 in the stacking direction S and can lead to damage of the component 1. Therefore, the insulation zones 22 have a small width to minimize this effect.

[0060] Fig.Figure 9 shows a base body 2 of a component 1 according to a fourth embodiment in a perspective view. The base body 2 has a hole 23 that extends in the stacking direction from the bottom 12 of the base body 2 to the top 10 of the base body. The hole 23 thus cuts out a central region of the base body 2. In this way, the areas and therefore the capacitance between the first and the second inner electrodes 3, 4 are reduced.

[0061] The base body 2 also has a round base 8 arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction S. Reference symbol list 1 component 2 basic shapes 3 first inner electrode 4 second inner electrode 5 first external electrode 6 second external electrode 7 side surface 8 Base area 9 piezoelectric layer 10 Top 11 upper frustoconical sheet metal 12 Subpage 13 lower frustoconical sheet metal 14 Edge area 15 medium range 16 Connection area 17 Bending point 18 Unit of measurement 19 Control unit 20 third inner electrode 21 Contact Bridge 22 Isolation zone 23 holes S Stacking direction

Claims

[1] Component (1) for generating active haptic feedback, comprising a base body (2) with first and second inner electrodes (3, 4) stacked one above the other in a stacking direction (S), wherein a piezoelectric layer (9) is arranged between each of the inner electrodes (3, 4), wherein the component (1) is designed to detect a force applied to the component (1), wherein the component (1) is designed to generate active haptic feedback when a force applied to the component (1) is detected, and wherein the haptic feedback is generated by applying an electrical voltage between the first and second inner electrodes (3, 4) which leads to a change in length of the base body (2), wherein the component (1) has a first outer electrode (5) and a second outer electrode (6), wherein the first inner electrodes (3) are contacted with the first outer electrode (5) and the second inner electrodes (4) are contacted with the second outer electrode (6), wherein the component (1) has a measuring unit (18) for measuring a voltage generated between the first and the second inner electrodes (3, 4) as a result of the force exerted on the component (1), and wherein the component (1) is designed to detect the force exerted on the component (1) based on the values ​​recorded by the measuring unit (18), wherein the measuring unit (18) is designed to measure the voltage between the first and the second internal electrodes (3, 4) and, upon detection of an increase in the voltage, to conclude that the component (1) has been actuated, wherein the measuring unit is designed to detect how large the force exerted on the component (1) is, for which purpose several threshold values ​​for the voltage generated between the first and the second internal electrodes (3, 4) are defined in the measuring unit and it is checked which of these threshold values ​​are exceeded. [2] Component (1) according to claim 1, wherein a frustoconical sheet (11, 13) is arranged on a top (10) and / or a bottom (12) of the component (1). [3] Component (1) according to claim 2, wherein the frustoconical sheet (11, 13) has an edge region which is attached to the top (10) or the bottom (12) of the component (1), and wherein the frustoconical sheet (11, 13) has a central region (15) which extends in the stacking direction (S) from the top (10) or the bottom (12). [4] Component (1) according to one of claims 2 or 3, wherein the sheet (11, 13) comprises titanium. [5] Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a third internal electrode (20) which is connected to a measuring contact. [6] Component (1) according to claim 5, wherein the component (1) is configured to measure a voltage generated between the third internal electrode (20) and one of the first internal electrodes (3) as a result of a force exerted on the component (1), and wherein the component (1) is designed to detect the force exerted on the component (1) based on the measured voltage. [7] Component (1) according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the third inner electrode (20) is arranged centrally in the stacking direction (S) in a stack of first and second inner electrodes (3, 4). [8] Component (1) according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the third inner electrode (20) is arranged in the base body (2) such that all first and second inner electrodes (3, 4) are arranged on one side of the third inner electrode (20). [9] Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base body (2) has a hole (23) extending in a stacking direction (S) from a bottom (12) of the base body (2) to a top (10) of the base body (2). [10] Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base body (2) has a base surface (8) arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction (S), which is round. [11] Component (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the base body (2) has a base surface (8) arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction (S), the side lengths of which are between 10 and 30 mm. [12] Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base body (2) has a height between 0.5 and 2.0 mm in the stacking direction (S). [13] Component (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the internal electrodes (3, 4, 20) comprise copper. [14] Component (1) for generating active haptic feedback, exhibiting a base body (2) with first and second inner electrodes (3, 4) stacked one above the other in a stacking direction (S), wherein a piezoelectric layer (9) is arranged between each of the inner electrodes (3, 4), wherein the component (1) is designed to detect a force exerted on the component (1), wherein the component (1) is designed to generate active haptic feedback when a force exerted on the component (1) is detected, wherein the haptic feedback is generated by applying an electrical voltage between the first and second inner electrodes (3, 4) which leads to a change in length of the base body (2), wherein the component (1) has a third internal electrode (20) which is connected to a measuring contact, wherein the third internal electrode (20) is arranged in the base body (2) such that all first and second internal electrodes (3, 4) are arranged on one side of the third internal electrode (20) and the third internal electrode (20) is only adjacent to one further internal electrode (3, 4). [15] Component (1) according to claim 14, wherein a frustoconical sheet (11, 13) is arranged on a top (10) and / or a bottom (12) of the component (1). [16] Component (1) according to claim 15, wherein the frustoconical sheet (11, 13) has an edge region which is attached to the top (10) or the bottom (12) of the component (1), and wherein the frustoconical sheet (11, 13) has a central area (15) which extends in the stacking direction (S) from the top (10) or the bottom (12). [17] Component (1) according to one of claims 15 or 16, wherein the sheet (11, 13) comprises titanium. [18] Component (1) according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the component (1) has a measuring unit for measuring a voltage generated between the first and the second internal electrodes (3, 4) as a result of a force exerted on the component (1), and wherein the component (1) is designed to detect the force exerted on the component (1) based on the values ​​recorded by the measuring unit. [19] Component (1) according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein the component (1) is configured to measure a voltage generated between the third internal electrode (20) and one of the first internal electrodes (3) as a result of a force exerted on the component (1), and wherein the component (1) is designed to detect the force exerted on the component (1) based on the measured voltage. (PA7) [20] Component (1) according to any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the base body (2) has a hole (23) extending in a stacking direction (S) from a bottom (12) of the base body (2) to a top (10) of the base body (2). [21] Component (1) according to one of claims 14 to 20, wherein the base body (2) has a base surface (8) arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction (S), which is round. [22] Component (1) according to one of claims 14 to 20, wherein the base body (2) has a base surface (8) arranged perpendicular to the stacking direction (S), the side lengths of which are between 10 and 30 mm. [23] Component (1) according to one of claims 14 to 22, wherein the base body (2) has a height between 0.5 and 2.0 mm in the stacking direction (S). [24] Component (1) according to any one of claims 14 to 23, wherein the internal electrodes (3, 4, 20) comprise copper. [25] Component (1) according to one of claims 14 to 24, wherein the measuring unit is designed to detect the magnitude of the force exerted on the component (1), for which purpose several threshold values ​​for the voltage generated between the first and the second internal electrodes (3, 4) are defined in the measuring unit and it is checked which of these threshold values ​​are exceeded. [26] Arrangement comprising several stacked building elements (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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