Grounding anchor for insertion into reinforced concrete

Abstract

Grounding anchor (1) for insertion into reinforced concrete (2), comprising a rod (3) that defines an axial direction (A), a clamping sleeve (7) surrounding the rod (3) radially to the axial direction (A) with a slot (71) extending through the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A), and a spreading body (5) attached or attachable to the rod (3) for radially spreading the clamping sleeve (7), characterized by the fact that the slot (71) completely penetrates the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A).

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an earthing anchor for insertion into reinforced concrete. In particular, the disclosure relates to an earthing anchor comprising a rod, a tension sleeve arranged radially around the rod with an axial slot, and an expanding element for radially expanding the tension sleeve. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the modern construction industry, ensuring electromagnetic compatibility and lightning protection is of paramount importance, especially in sensitive areas such as data centers and industrial facilities. Grounding anchors, also known as lightning protection anchors, play a crucial role in ensuring effective lightning protection and reliable equipotential bonding. These systems are essential for the safety of buildings and their electrical installations by safely conducting lightning currents into the ground, thus preventing damage to the infrastructure and the equipment within it.

[0003] Common grounding anchor systems typically involve structures embedded in concrete to ensure a stable and permanent connection to the earth. These systems often consist of a metal rod or bar embedded in the concrete to establish a direct connection to the grounding plane. A frequent approach is the use of mechanical connections anchored in the concrete by friction or positive locking. However, these traditional systems often present challenges, particularly when adapting them to existing structures that require retrofitting with lightning protection. Modern systems aim to avoid the need for chiseling out and subsequently grouting the concrete surface.

[0004] Challenges remain, particularly regarding installation efficiency and adaptability to existing structures. When renovating or retrofitting lightning protection systems in existing buildings, it is often difficult to effectively integrate existing grounding anchors without extensive structural modifications. Another problem lies in ensuring reliable and lasting contact between the grounding anchor and the surrounding concrete structure. Mechanical stability and electrical conductivity must be guaranteed throughout the building's lifespan to ensure the safety and functionality of the lightning protection systems. Established systems often require complex installation processes.

[0005] In some known methods for electrically contacting metal reinforcements in concrete, a borehole is drilled in the concrete extending to the metal reinforcement. A threaded rod is then anchored in the borehole using an expansion anchor and screwed in until electrically conductive contact is made with the metal reinforcement. Experience has shown that this type of installation is prone to errors and sometimes not durable. Firstly, there is a risk that the metal reinforcement will not be properly contacted during installation if the threaded rod is not inserted deeply enough into the hole, or if the resistance of the screw-in leads the installer to mistakenly assume that the rod is already screwed in all the way. Even with correct installation, the anchor can loosen, for example, due to aging or settling of the expansion anchor.

[0006] Instead of an expansion anchor, some installers use elaborately manufactured systems with a tensioning head and a hollow cylindrical anchor bolt consisting of a long rear section and a crown-shaped front section. The crown-shaped front section comprises several anchoring lips separated by notches. The anchoring lips have a complex shape. They are held to the rear section by solid-state joints, which can sometimes break under the applied tension forces. Starting from the rear section, the anchoring lips extend and initially taper before widening again after a narrow section. This narrow section can also break or bend inwards, so that the front widening does not achieve effective anchorage in the concrete wall. The manufacturing and material costs are high. The narrow sections of the anchoring lips are susceptible to damage due to corrosion.

[0007] One of the technical problems underlying the present invention is to provide an improved system for grounding anchors that at least partially overcomes the disadvantages of known systems. SUMMARY

[0008] The objective of the present invention is to provide an improved grounding anchor. The improved grounding anchor should enable simple, safe, stable, and durable fastening in reinforced concrete. The improved grounding anchor should also feature low manufacturing costs and minimal manufacturing effort.

[0009] According to the invention, the grounding anchor comprises a rod that defines an axial direction. A clamping sleeve surrounds the rod radially to the axial direction and has a slot that extends through the clamping sleeve in the axial direction. An expanding element is attached to the rod or can be attached to it in order to expand the clamping sleeve radially.

[0010] According to the first aspect of the invention, the slot completely penetrates the tension sleeve in the axial direction. An advantage of this design is secure anchoring in reinforced concrete, with a particularly simple construction, since the fully penetrating slot allows for easy and uniform expansion of the tension sleeve. This results in a stable and secure fastening suitable for various applications in electrical engineering and lightning protection. A tension sleeve with an axially continuous slot is easier to manufacture and less susceptible to corrosion and breakage than an expansion anchor or anchor bolt with a crown-shaped tip.

[0011] According to the invention, the grounding anchor comprises a rod defining an axial direction and a tension sleeve that surrounds the rod radially to the axial direction. According to the second aspect of the invention, the tension sleeve has a slot extending axially through the sleeve. The slot can extend axially through at least 50%, particularly at least 75%, preferably at least 90%, and most preferably at least 95% of the axial length of the tension sleeve. The first and second aspects of the invention can particularly preferably be combined. Additionally, an expansion element is provided, which is attached or can be attached to the rod and serves to expand the tension sleeve radially. The design of the tension sleeve with exactly one slot allows for particularly simple, uniform, and controlled expansion of the sleeve, thus ensuring stable anchoring in reinforced concrete.A clamping sleeve with a single axial slot is much easier to manufacture than an anchor bolt, at the tip of which a multitude of complexly shaped lips separated by numerous notches are arranged. Furthermore, a clamping sleeve with only a single axial slot is particularly resistant to unintended deformation and fracture damage, yet easily deformable for expansion.

[0012] A partially annular clamping sleeve can measure a circumferential angle of at least 180° relative to the axial direction. In particular, the clamping sleeve describes a circumferential angle of at least 200° relative to the axial direction, preferably at least 270°, and most preferably at least 300° or at least 330°. A partially annular clamping sleeve with a slot that is not parallel to the axial direction (for example, spiral) can describe a circumferential angle of 360° in a top view. A clamping sleeve with only one axial slot can have one or more predetermined breaking points between the opposite circumferential ends of the clamping sleeve, which, at least in the pre-assembly state, interrupt complete axial penetration of the clamping sleeve.

[0013] According to a third aspect of the invention, the grounding anchor, designed for use in reinforced concrete, comprises a clamping sleeve that surrounds the rod radially to the axial direction and is provided with a slot extending in the axial direction. According to this third aspect of the invention, at least one radial projection is provided that extends along the outer circumference of the clamping sleeve and spans an arc angle of at least 90 degrees about the axial direction. In particular, the arc angle can be at least 120°, preferably at least 135°, and more preferably at least 160°. It may be preferred that the at least one arc angle does not exceed 180°. Alternatively or additionally, in addition to at least one first radial projection with an arc angle of at least 90 degrees, a second radial projection and optionally further radial projections can be arranged in the circumferential direction.Preferably, the second and / or any further radial projection has an arc angle of at least 90 degrees. The at least one radial projection is designed to effectively engage with the reinforced concrete when inserted, thus improving the anchoring of the grounding anchor in the concrete. The advantage of such a design is increased stability and strength of the anchorage, as the at least one radial projection offers a larger contact area with the concrete and therefore enables better load distribution. The at least one radial projection is easy to manufacture and break-resistant. This embodiment facilitates fixing the anchor in the concrete, as at least one radial projection creates a mechanical interlock with the concrete, preventing the anchor from being pulled out or slipping.A further advantage is the increased safety and reliability of the grounding, as the at least one radial projection ensures a stable fixation that meets the requirements for lightning protection and equipotential bonding measures. The tension sleeve with the radial projections is designed to expand radially when the expansion body is tightened, ensuring that the at least one radial projection engages particularly firmly in the concrete. This mechanical interaction between the tension sleeve, the at least one radial projection, and the concrete ensures a permanent and stable anchorage, which is particularly important in applications involving electromagnetic compatibility and lightning protection. The continuous extension of the at least one radial projection over an arc angle of at least 90 degrees ensures that the anchor is stabilized in several directions simultaneously, thus increasing the overall stability of the system.This design is particularly advantageous in situations where the anchor is subjected to high tensile or shear forces, as the radial projections provide an additional level of security. The use of radial projections in this manner represents a significant improvement over conventional grounding anchors, which often rely solely on friction between the tension sleeve and the concrete to ensure secure anchorage.

[0014] The grounding anchor can have a tension sleeve with at least one radial projection that extends continuously along the outer circumference of the tension sleeve, interrupted only by the slot. The radial projection is a protruding element on the outer surface of the tension sleeve that extends radially from the axis of the rod. The slot, which extends axially through the tension sleeve, interrupts the radial projection, thus forming an otherwise continuous (partially annular) retaining structure. This configuration allows for improved mechanical interaction between the tension sleeve and the surrounding concrete by providing a large contact area for secure anchoring. The continuous radial projection ensures that the tension sleeve expands uniformly during insertion and tensioning in the borehole, resulting in a more stable and secure fastening.The continuous radial projection allows for uniform circumferential engagement of the clamping sleeve with the inner wall of the borehole. The slot provides a degree of flexibility for the clamping sleeve, facilitating expansion and insertion within the borehole. These features contribute to the grounding anchor establishing a reliable and durable connection in reinforced concrete, which is particularly advantageous in lightning protection and electromagnetic compatibility applications. The continuous structure of the radial projection also optimizes load distribution on the clamping sleeve, increasing the mechanical strength and service life of the grounding anchor. The design of the radial projection enables simple and efficient installation, as the clamping sleeve expands uniformly during tensioning and anchors itself firmly in the borehole.This reduces the force required for installation and minimizes the risk of assembly errors.

[0015] According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the tension sleeve has two or more axially spaced radial projections for engaging in the reinforced concrete. The fourth aspect of the invention can advantageously be combined with the third aspect of the invention or its embodiment. These multiple axially spaced radial projections allow for particularly secure anchoring of the tension sleeve in the reinforced concrete. By arranging the multiple radial projections adjacent to one another in the axial direction, a uniform distribution of the holding forces along the axial length of the tension sleeve can be achieved. This results in a stable and secure fastening of the grounding anchor in the concrete. The radial projections engage in the concrete and prevent the tension sleeve from being pulled back or slipping.One advantage of this design is the increased stability and strength of the anchorage, as the radial projections offer a larger contact area with the concrete, thus ensuring better force transmission. Furthermore, the radial projections allow the tension sleeve to be more securely anchored in varying concrete qualities and densities. Overall, the radial projections provide an improved mechanical connection between the tension sleeve and the surrounding concrete, increasing the reliability and longevity of the grounding installation.

[0016] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor comprises a clamping sleeve having exactly two or exactly three axially spaced radial projections. These radial projections are ridges or protrusions that extend radially outward from the clamping sleeve and are arranged along the axial direction of the rod. The spaced arrangement of the radial projections along the axial direction ensures a uniform distribution of the forces acting on the clamping sleeve when the grounding anchor is installed and tensioned. This results in improved adhesion and greater resistance to tensile and shear forces that may act on the grounding anchor. An advantage of the precise number of two or three radial projections is the optimization of the anchoring properties without unnecessarily increasing the complexity and manufacturing costs of the clamping sleeve.The radial protrusions can also help to reduce the risk of material failure or uneven loading.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the grounding anchor comprises at least one radial projection which, in the radial direction relative to a ring body, has a projection in the range of 0.3 mm to 3 mm, particularly in the range of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the range of 1 mm to 1.5 mm. The radial projection is a protruding element that extends radially outwards from the clamping sleeve. Dimensioning the radial projection within the specified range achieves an optimal balance between the mechanical strength and flexibility of the clamping sleeve. A projection that is too large could make the clamping sleeve too rigid and difficult to insert, while a projection that is too small might not provide sufficient hold in the borehole.

[0018] In one embodiment of an earthing anchor with one or more radial projections, the at least one radial projection has a triangular cross-section, in particular an isosceles triangular cross-section and / or a right-angled triangular cross-section. These radial projections are preferably integral components of the clamping sleeve. The triangular cross-section of the radial projections enables better force transmission and distribution, allowing the clamping sleeve to be held particularly firmly against the inner wall of the borehole. An isosceles triangular cross-section offers the advantage of a symmetrical force distribution, resulting in uniform tension and stability. A right-angled triangular cross-section can provide particularly strong anchorage, as the right-angled edges can dig firmly into the surrounding material.These geometric shapes of the radial projections contribute to ensuring that the grounding anchor remains secure and stable in the borehole, even under high loads. The radial projection(s) are preferably formed integrally with the clamping sleeve. Preferably, the radial projection(s) are an integral part of the clamping sleeve. The triangular apex of a radial projection can be pointed or rounded. The angle of the triangular apex can be defined by the sides of the triangle adjacent to the apex. The angle of the triangle can be in the range of 45° to 135°, particularly in the range of 60° to 120°, preferably in the range of 70° to 110°, and most preferably in the range of 80° to 100°. The optimized shape of the radial projections also extends the service life of the grounding anchor, as the clamping sleeve is less susceptible to wear and damage.Overall, these new features offer improved functionality and reliability of the grounding anchor, making it an effective solution for retrofitting in reinforced concrete.

[0019] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is designed such that the triangular cross-section of the radial projection(s) has a blunt triangular tip that extends radially. The triangular cross-section is a shape of the cross-section of the expansion body, which serves to radially expand the tension sleeve when the expansion body is inserted into the tension sleeve. The blunt triangular tip means that the angle at the apex of the triangle is at least 90 degrees or greater than 90 degrees. This design offers several advantages. First, the blunt tip allows for a more even distribution of forces on the tension sleeve, which anchors the tension sleeve more efficiently and securely in the borehole in the reinforced concrete. Second, the blunt tip reduces the risk of damage to the tension sleeve or the surrounding concrete, as the forces are less concentrated and therefore less damaging.Thirdly, the blunt tip facilitates the insertion of the expansion body into the clamping sleeve, as it offers less resistance and therefore requires less force during installation. This improves the ease of use and efficiency of the installation process. Finally, the blunt tip contributes to the longevity of the grounding anchor, as it puts less stress on the clamping sleeve and thus extends its service life.

[0020] According to a fifth aspect of the invention, the grounding anchor comprises a rod with a polygonal or star-shaped screw drive profile at a first end. The rod may have a rear end or first end designed to protrude from the borehole when the grounding anchor is installed. The rod may have a front end or second end to which the expansion body is preferably attached, designed and configured for insertion into the borehole. This screw drive profile at the rear end of the rod enables improved torque transmission and a more secure connection during installation of the grounding anchor. The polygonal or star-shaped screw drive profile facilitates easier handling when inserting and securing the anchor in the borehole.The special shape of the screw drive profile allows the torque to be transferred evenly and efficiently to the rod, minimizing the risk of slipping or overtightening and thus increasing the safety and reliability of the installation.

[0021] Conventional grounding anchors are sometimes equipped with a straight groove as a drive profile to operate the rod with a slotted screwdriver. However, such a straight groove often fails to apply sufficient force or torque to securely fasten the grounding anchor in the bore, especially if the groove is not deep enough. Furthermore, there is a high risk of injury or damage around the grounding anchor because slotted screwdrivers can very frequently overtighten and slip.

[0022] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is equipped with a multi-sided screw drive profile, which is designed as a triangular, square, pentagonal, or hexagonal profile. A triangular, square, pentagonal, or hexagonal profile provides a larger contact area between the tool and the grounding anchor, resulting in better power transmission and minimizing the risk of slippage or overtightening. This is particularly advantageous because it simplifies assembly and reduces the risk of injury from tool slippage.

[0023] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is equipped with a multi-sided screw drive profile that is concave. This means that the screw drive profile has a shape that curves inwards in the axial direction towards the rod. Preferably, the concave screw drive profile extends from the rear end of the rod into it. The concave screw drive profile can be, for example, an internal triangular profile, an internal square profile, an internal pentagonal profile, or an internal hexagonal profile. The concave screw drive profile enables improved force transmission and a secure connection between the grounding anchor and the tool used to tighten or loosen the anchor. An internal hexagonal profile allows the application of high torque with a suitable Allen wrench, which facilitates the installation and removal of the grounding anchor.The concave shape of the profile helps to ensure that the tool sits securely in the profile and does not slip, making the handling of the grounding anchor user-friendly.

[0024] In an alternative embodiment, the grounding anchor is equipped with a multi-sided screw drive profile that is convex in design. This means that the screw drive profile has a shape that projects outwards from the rod in the axial direction. Preferably, the convex screw drive profile forms the rear end of the rod. This convex screw drive profile can be designed as an external triangular, square, pentagonal, or hexagonal profile. The convex design of the profile creates a large contact area between the tool and the screw drive profile, resulting in improved force transmission and a more secure hold.

[0025] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is equipped with a star-shaped screw drive profile, which is configured as a Phillips, internal Torx, or external Torx drive. These profiles offer various advantages regarding the handling and installation of the grounding anchor. A Phillips drive allows for easy and quick installation using a Phillips screwdriver, which is found in many toolboxes. The internal Torx drive offers increased torque transmission and reduces the risk of slippage or overtightening, resulting in a safer and more efficient installation. The external Torx drive offers similar advantages to the internal Torx drive, but with the added flexibility of being used with a socket wrench or socket.

[0026] According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the rod has an outer rod diameter, and the clamping sleeve, in its undeformed state, has an outer clamping sleeve diameter, wherein the ratio of the rod diameter to the clamping sleeve diameter is at least 0.60. The ratio of the rod diameter to the clamping sleeve diameter can be in particular in the range of 0.6 to 0.7, preferably in the range of 0.62 to 0.67. This design ensures improved interaction between the rod and the clamping sleeve by guaranteeing that the clamping sleeve sits firmly and stably around the rod and that effective force transmission is ensured when the clamping sleeve is expanded. The outer rod diameter and the outer clamping sleeve diameter are matched to each other so that the clamping sleeve expands optimally when inserted into the borehole in reinforced concrete, resulting in secure anchoring.A minimum ratio of 0.60 between the rod diameter and the clamping sleeve diameter ensures that the clamping sleeve is not too thin, reducing the risk of breakage or inadequate anchoring. At the same time, the rod is sufficiently thick to provide the necessary stability and strength. This design enables reliable and permanent grounding that meets the requirements of the relevant standards and regulations.

[0027] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor has a rod that has at least one threaded section with an external thread in the axial direction. The external thread serves as a communication mechanism between the rod and the other components of the grounding anchor, in particular the clamping sleeve and the conical nut.

[0028] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is equipped with a rod designed as a threaded rod, with the external thread extending along its entire axial length. The threaded rod defines the axial direction of the grounding anchor and enables secure and stable anchoring in reinforced concrete. The external thread extends over the entire length of the rod, meaning that the rod is threaded along its entire length. This continuous thread allows for the secure attachment of components that may be required for lightning protection and equipotential bonding.

[0029] Preferably, the grounding anchor includes an external thread, which is either an M6 or an M10 thread. An M6 thread is particularly suitable for applications in ESD-protected areas (electronics manufacturing) where small connections are required. An M10 thread, on the other hand, is preferably used in electrical engineering according to the standards VDE 0100-540:2024-06 and / or EN 62305-3:2011-10, especially in areas of electromagnetic compatibility, lightning protection, and equipotential bonding. An advantage of the M10 thread design is its increased stability and lightning current carrying capacity. A wide variety of compatible fittings are available for M10 threads, which simplifies assembly and integration into existing systems. In contrast, the use of M8 threads often requires improvised solutions and does not always comply with the requirements of the DIN VDE standards.

[0030] In some designs of the grounding anchor, the expansion body has an internal thread that is complementary to an external thread on the rod. The expansion body serves to radially expand the tension sleeve to firmly anchor the grounding anchor in the reinforced concrete. The presence of a complementary internal thread means that the expansion body can be screwed onto the external thread of the rod, creating a secure mechanical connection. One advantage of this threaded connection is the ability to position the expansion body along the axial direction, ensuring an even distribution of the expansion forces on the tension sleeve. This results in optimal anchorage in the concrete and minimizes the risk of failure under load. This design also offers advantages in terms of manufacturing, as threads, especially threaded rods, can be easily mass-produced by machine, ensuring the consistency and quality of the final product.

[0031] According to an alternative embodiment, the spreading body can be formed integrally with the rod. The rod and spreading body can be realized as a single, integral component.

[0032] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor comprises a nut complementary to the external thread and a spacer sleeve that can be inserted axially between the clamping sleeve and the nut. An advantage is the reusability of the smooth sleeve, which serves as a setting tool and can be removed after clamping, thus conserving resources and increasing efficiency.

[0033] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is equipped with a clamping sleeve that is formed, at least partially, by an internal cone. The internal cone is preferably continuous. Preferably, the internal cone extends completely within the clamping sleeve. The internal cone can completely surround (in an annular shape) the axis of symmetry of the grounding anchor. Preferably, the internal cone is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry of the grounding anchor. The internal cone can extend axially over at least a portion of the clamping sleeve. In particular, the internal cone extends axially over at least half, preferably at least three-quarters, and most preferably at least 90% of the axial length of the clamping sleeve. This internal cone is designed such that it can be moved axially over the expanding body.The internal cone within the tension sleeve enables efficient and controlled anchoring of the grounding anchor in reinforced concrete. The expansion element, attached to the rod, ensures that the tension sleeve expands radially as it passes over the internal cone. This results in a secure anchorage in the borehole, as the tension sleeve presses against the borehole walls and, if necessary, into them. The use of an internal cone offers the advantage of a uniform and controlled distribution of the tensioning forces along the tension sleeve, leading to improved stability and durability of the anchorage. Furthermore, the internal cone simplifies installation, as the expansion element is guided by the conical shape of the tension sleeve, ensuring correct positioning and uniform expansion of the sleeve. This minimizes the risk of damage to the concrete or the tension sleeve.

[0034] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor comprises an inner cone having an inner cone angle in the range of 5° to 15°, with a preferred range being between 10° and 13° and a particularly preferred angle being 12°. It may be preferred that the inner cone has a constant inner cone angle. The inner cone can serve to radially expand the clamping sleeve to ensure a firm anchorage in the borehole. The inner cone angle is advantageous for the efficiency and stability of the anchorage. An inner cone angle in the range of 5° to 15° allows for a suitable balance between the force required to expand the clamping sleeve and the resulting holding force in the concrete. An angle that is too small would require too high a force for expansion, while an angle that is too large could reduce the holding force.The preferred angle range of 10° to 13° ensures that the clamping sleeve can be expanded with moderate force while simultaneously achieving a high holding force. An internal cone angle of 12° offers a particularly favorable combination of these properties. This is especially advantageous as it increases ease of use and efficiency during installation, which is particularly important for retrofitting into existing structures.

[0035] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is designed such that the expansion body is formed, at least in sections, with an outer cone that is designed and configured for insertion into the clamping sleeve in the axial direction. The outer cone is preferably continuous. Preferably, the outer cone extends completely around the expansion body. The outer cone can completely surround (in an annular shape) the axis of symmetry of the grounding anchor. Preferably, the outer cone is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry of the grounding anchor. The outer cone can extend in the axial direction over at least a portion of the expansion body. In particular, the expansion body extends in the axial direction over at least half, preferably at least three-quarters, and most preferably at least 90% of the axial length of the expansion body.

[0036] The outer cone of the expansion body enables efficient distribution of the expansion forces to the tension sleeve, resulting in improved anchoring in the borehole. The outer cone is designed to radially expand the tension sleeve and press it against the borehole walls. This design ensures a secure and stable fastening of the grounding anchor in reinforced concrete. An advantage of this design is the increased ease of use and the reduced effort required during installation. The conical shape of the expansion body allows the tension sleeve to expand evenly and in a controlled manner, simplifying installation and minimizing the risk of damage to the borehole or the tension sleeve. Integrating the outer cone into the expansion body simplifies the installation process, requiring less time and effort.This is particularly advantageous in situations where fast and reliable grounding is required, such as when retrofitting lightning protection systems in existing buildings.

[0037] According to one embodiment, the grounding anchor comprises an outer cone having an outer cone angle in the range of 5° to 15°, with the preferred range being between 10° and 13°, and an outer cone angle of 12° being particularly preferred. It may be preferred that the outer cone has a constant outer cone angle.

[0038] The external cone serves to radially expand the tension sleeve, ensuring a secure anchorage in the borehole. The angle of the external cone is crucial for the efficiency and stability of the anchorage. An external cone angle in the range of 5° to 15° allows for a suitable balance between the force required to expand the tension sleeve and the resulting holding force in the concrete. An angle that is too small would require excessive force for expansion, while an angle that is too large could reduce the holding force. The preferred range of 10° to 13° ensures that the tension sleeve can be expanded with moderate force while simultaneously achieving a high holding force. An angle of 12° offers a particularly favorable combination of these properties. The external cone angle helps to facilitate the installation of the grounding anchor and increases the safety of the anchorage.By adjusting the outer cone angle, the tension sleeve is expanded evenly and in a controlled manner, resulting in a stable and permanent anchoring in reinforced concrete.

[0039] Preferably, the expanding body has an outer cone with an outer cone angle, and the clamping sleeve has an inner cone with an inner cone angle. The outer cone angle and the inner cone angle are preferably matched to each other. In particular, the difference between the outer cone angle and the inner cone angle is not greater than ±10°, preferably not greater than ±5°, more preferably not greater than ±2°, and most preferably not greater than ±1°.

[0040] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the outer cone angle is identical to the inner cone angle. When the outer and inner cone angles are designed to be identical, this allows for a particularly large contact area between the clamping sleeve and the expanding body, resulting in improved force transmission and stability. An advantage of this design is increased ease of installation, as the uniform angle simplifies the process. Furthermore, this design optimizes anchoring in the borehole, leading to more reliable and secure grounding.

[0041] According to one embodiment of the grounding anchor, the expansion body and / or the outer cone has a first length, while the clamping sleeve and / or the inner cone has a second length, the second length being greater than or equal to the first length. In particular, the ratio of the second length of the clamping sleeve to the first length of the expansion body in the axial direction A can be less than or equal to 2, more particularly less than or equal to 1.5, preferably less than or equal to 1.3. Additionally or alternatively, the ratio of the second length of the clamping sleeve to the first length of the expansion body in the axial direction A can be at least 1, more particularly at least 1.1, preferably at least 1.2. Particularly preferably, the ratio of the second length of the clamping sleeve to the first length of the expansion body in the axial direction can be 1.25.The greater length of the expansion sleeve allows the clamping forces to be distributed over a larger area, thus increasing the anchor's load-bearing capacity. Furthermore, the greater length of the expansion sleeve contributes to increased stability by providing a larger contact area with the borehole, which increases friction and therefore holding power. However, the expansion sleeve must not be significantly longer than the expansion body, as this would otherwise lead to unintended deformation.

[0042] Additionally or alternatively, the ratio of the second length of the clamping sleeve to the total length of the grounding anchor in the axial direction A can be less than 0.5, in particular less than 0.3, preferably less than 0.25. Additionally or alternatively, the ratio of the second length of the clamping sleeve to the total length of the grounding anchor in the axial direction A can be at least 0.1, in particular at least 0.1, preferably at least 0.15. The total length of the grounding anchor can correspond to the axial length of the rod. Particularly preferably, the ratio of the second length of the clamping sleeve to the total length of the grounding anchor 1 in the axial direction A can be 0.2. Unlike conventional expansion anchors or the like, the clamping sleeve requires less material thanks to its relatively short axial second length.

[0043] In designs of an earthing anchor with a smooth sleeve, the smooth sleeve may have a third length in the axial direction, which is at least as long as the second length of the clamping sleeve, preferably longer than the second length, in particular at least 1.5 times as long as the second length, and preferably at least 2 times as long as the second length. The third length is preferably shorter than the total length of the rod. In particular, the third length may not be more than 5 times, and preferably not more than 3 times, as long as the second length. Unlike, for example, the rear section of conventional earthing anchors, the optional smooth sleeve can be removed from the borehole and reused after installation.

[0044] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is equipped with a clamping sleeve specifically designed and configured to undergo plastic deformation in the radial direction when tensioned axially against the expansion element. The term "clamping sleeve" refers to a hollow cylindrical component that is compressed by an axial force to generate radial expansion. This expansion can lead to at least partial plastic deformation of the clamping sleeve. The expansion element, against which the clamping sleeve is clamped, is a conical element that converts the axial force into a radial force to cause the expansion of the clamping sleeve. This plastic deformation in the radial direction ensures a permanent and stable anchoring of the grounding anchor in the concrete, which is particularly important for the long-term safety and reliability of the grounding installation.The clamping sleeve's ability to deform plastically allows for an even distribution of clamping forces across the borehole's inner walls, minimizing the risk of cracking or damage to the concrete. Furthermore, this plastic deformation ensures high adaptability to varying borehole diameters and tolerances, simplifying the installation of the grounding anchor in different concrete types and conditions. Thirdly, plastic deformation contributes to increased holding power, as the clamping sleeve has and maintains a larger contact area with the concrete after deformation. This larger contact area results in improved load distribution and enhances the anchor's resistance to tensile and shear forces.

[0045] According to a particular feature of the invention, an earthing anchor is described that was specifically developed for subsequent installation in reinforced concrete. The earthing anchor comprises a tension sleeve that is inserted into a borehole in the reinforced concrete. This tension sleeve can be axially tensioned against an expansion element, with the tension being supported by a nut and a spacer sleeve. The expansion element causes the tension sleeve to expand radially against the inner wall of the borehole. An advantage is the reusability of the smooth sleeve, which serves as an installation tool and can be removed after tensioning, thus conserving resources and increasing efficiency. Furthermore, the use of an internal hexagon socket allows for simpler and safer installation compared to conventional methods.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the grounding anchor has an axial rod length ranging from 50 mm to 200 mm, with particularly preferred lengths between 60 mm and 150 mm, and even more preferably between 80 mm and 120 mm. Specifically, the axial rod length can be 60 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, or 120 mm. A shorter length could be suitable for applications where available space is limited or where shallow anchoring is sufficient, while longer rods offer deeper anchoring and thus potentially higher stability and load-bearing capacity. This adaptability is particularly advantageous in the rehabilitation of existing structures, where conditions can vary. Furthermore, the choice of rod length allows for better integration into existing reinforcement systems by enabling contact with both external attachments and internal reinforcement.

[0047] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor has a slot which, in its undeformed state (pre-assembly state), has a constant width in the range of 0.1 mm to 4 mm, particularly in the range of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, and preferably in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm. Alternatively, it may be preferred that the circumferentially opposing side edges of the clamping sleeve abut each other in the pre-assembly state, with the slot having a preferably constant width of no more than 0.5 mm, particularly no more than 0.1 mm, preferably no more than 0.01 mm, and most preferably 0.0 mm. The slot is an integral part of the clamping sleeve and enables controlled expansion of the clamping sleeve in the radial direction when the expanding body is pressed axially against the clamping sleeve.This expansion ensures that the tension sleeve is pressed firmly against the inner wall of the borehole in the reinforced concrete, thus guaranteeing stable anchoring of the grounding anchor. The constant width of the slot in its undeformed state is advantageous for the even distribution of the clamping forces and the prevention of material fatigue or uneven loading, which could lead to improper anchoring. The slot dimensions ensure that the tension sleeve expands uniformly and predictably, increasing the reliability and safety of the anchoring. A slot width range of 0.1 mm to 4 mm, particularly 0.5 mm to 3 mm, and preferably 1 mm to 2 mm, offers an optimal balance between the flexibility and strength of the tension sleeve. A narrow but clearly visible slot can help the installer distinguish the tension sleeve from a smooth sleeve.This dimensioning allows the grounding anchor to be used in different borehole sizes and depths, increasing its versatility and applicability in various construction and renovation scenarios.

[0048] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor is equipped with a cylindrical expansion body having a fully circular cross-section. Specifically, the expansion body has a continuous circular ring in cross-section. The fully circular cross-section of the expansion body ensures a uniform distribution of the forces exerted on the inner wall of the borehole in the concrete. This uniform distribution of forces leads to improved stability and strength of the anchorage, as the expansion body causes the tension sleeve to expand radially against the inner wall of the borehole. The cylindrical expansion body enables efficient and reliable anchoring by uniformly expanding the tension sleeve, thus creating a firm connection between the grounding anchor and the surrounding concrete.

[0049] According to one embodiment of the invention, the grounding anchor has a straight slot in the clamping sleeve. The straight slot contributes to the uniform and predictable expansion of the clamping sleeve, which increases the reliability and safety of the anchoring. An advantage of the straight slot is the simplification of the clamping sleeve manufacturing process, since a straight cut is simpler and more cost-effective to produce than more complex shapes.

[0050] In one embodiment, the grounding anchor includes a slot oriented linearly in the axial direction. The linear slot helps the clamping sleeve to expand evenly and symmetrically, thus reducing the risk of uneven stresses and potential damage to the clamping sleeve.

[0051] In a pre-assembled state, the clamping sleeve is preferably held loosely on the rod with the expanding body; in particular, the clamping sleeve can be removed axially from the rear end of the rod in the pre-assembled state. For assembly, i.e., for moving from a pre-assembled state to an assembled state, a kit of parts can be provided, which on the one hand comprises the rod with the expanding body and the clamping sleeve, and which additionally includes a smooth sleeve. Such a kit of parts can further include a nut and, optionally, a washer. For installation in reinforced concrete, the rod with the expanding body and the clamping sleeve is inserted into the bore and remains there. Then, a smooth sleeve can be slipped over the rod from the outside and pressed against the clamping sleeve from behind to clamp it against the expanding body.As a result of the axial stress acting on the clamping sleeve, the clamping sleeve is preferably plastically expanded by the expanding body so that the radial outer circumferential surface of the clamping sleeve presses against the inner circumferential wall of the bore. During expansion of the clamping sleeve, the width of the at least one or exactly one slot increases. Because the partially annular clamping sleeve is pierced by the slot, only a relatively small force is required for expansion. In the case of a clamping sleeve with at least one radial projection, this projection can be forced into the inner circumferential wall of the bore during expansion. The clamping sleeve, and optionally its radial projection(s), then secures the grounding anchor against axial displacement in the reinforced concrete. In the installed state, the clamping sleeve is expanded by the expanding body in the radial direction. In the installed state, the clamping sleeve sits firmly on the expanding body.In a grounding anchor inserted into a borehole, the clamping sleeve is radially clamped between the inner circumferential wall of the borehole and the preferably conical outer circumferential surface of the expansion body during assembly. The smooth sleeve and the clamping sleeve are preferably formed by two structurally separate or separable components. In particular, the sliding sleeve can be removed axially at the rear end of the rod during assembly. Both in the pre-assembly and the assembled state, parts such as the nut or a washer at the rear end of the rod can be loosened or tightened. For example, a nut and a washer, in conjunction with a threaded rod configuration, can be used to apply an axial assembly force to the smooth sleeve in order to press the clamping sleeve against the expansion body.In the assembled state, the nut and, if applicable, the washer can be removed from the rod in order to remove the sliding sleeve and / or to insert an electrical conductor, for example with a contact eyelet, over the rear end of the rod, whereby the nut and, if applicable, the washer can be used to fix the conductor, in particular the contact eyelet.

[0052] Preferably, the grounding anchor comprises or consists of an electrically conductive material for conducting an electric current in the axial direction from a first end to a second end of the grounding anchor, in particular a metallic material such as stainless steel. Preferably, the rod comprises or consists of an electrically conductive material, in particular a metallic material such as stainless steel. It may be preferred that the expansion body and / or the clamping sleeve comprise or consist of an electrically conductive material, in particular a metallic material such as stainless steel.

[0053] Preferably, several or all aspects of the invention, as well as its further developments and embodiments, can be combined with one another, provided there is no express contradiction. The first aspect of the invention, the second aspect of the invention, the third aspect of the invention, the fourth aspect of the invention, the fifth aspect of the invention, and / or the sixth aspect of the invention can be combined with one another in any way. Fig. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of an earthing anchor for insertion into reinforced concrete with a rod onto which, on one side, an expansion body and, on the other side, a nut are screwed, wherein a clamping sleeve, a spacer sleeve and a washer are arranged between the expansion body and the nut, which completely surround the rod and wherein the expansion body is in an undeformed state. Fig. Figure 2 shows an embodiment of an earthing anchor inserted into a borehole in reinforced concrete, the first end of which contacts the steel reinforcement of the reinforced concrete and the second end of which protrudes from the borehole. Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the rod, the spreading body and the clamping sleeve. Fig. Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the rod, the spreading body and the clamping sleeve. Fig. Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the spreading body. Fig. Figure 6 shows a top view of the spreading body.

[0054] Fig. Figure 1 shows a detailed schematic view of an earthing anchor 1, intended for insertion into reinforced concrete, in a pre-assembled state. The earthing anchor 1 consists of several components, which are described in detail below.

[0055] The central component of the grounding anchor 1 is the rod 3, which defines an axial direction A. The rod 3 is provided with an external thread 33 that extends along its axial length L.

[0056] A spreader body 5 is screwed onto the front end of rod 3. The front end of rod 1 serves to contact the steel reinforcement 21, as shown in Fig. Figure 2 shows the expanding body 5 having an external cone 55 which is designed and configured in the axial direction A to engage in the clamping sleeve 7. The expanding body 5 has a first length L5 in the axial direction A, and the clamping sleeve 7 has a second length L7, the second length L7 being greater than the first length L5. The external cone 55 has an external cone angle α which is in a range of 5° to 15°, preferably 12°.

[0057] The clamping sleeve 7 surrounds the rod 3 radially to the axial direction A and is provided with a slot 71 that extends through the clamping sleeve 7 in the axial direction A. In the illustrated embodiment, the slot 71 is straight, parallel to the axis of symmetry of the grounding anchor 1. The slot 71 allows the clamping sleeve 7 to expand radially when the expansion body 5 is inserted into the clamping sleeve 7. The clamping sleeve 7 has several radial projections 72a, 72b, and 72c arranged along its outer circumference 73. These radial projections 72a, 72b, and 72c are designed to penetrate the reinforced concrete and ensure a secure anchorage.

[0058] A spacer sleeve 8 is arranged between the clamping sleeve 7 and the nut 9, which also completely surrounds the rod 3. In the illustrated embodiment, the spacer sleeve 8 has a third length L8, which is approximately twice the length of the second length L7.

[0059] The rod 3 can have a polygonal or star-shaped screw drive profile at its first end, designed as an internal hexagon profile 31. This allows the use of a suitable wrench to hold and turn the rod 3 during installation.

[0060] At the rear end of the rod 3 is a nut 9, which is screwed onto the external thread 33 of the rod 3. A washer 91 is positioned between the nut 9 and the spacer sleeve 8 to distribute the load evenly into the clamping sleeve 7. Attachments, such as a contact lug for an electrical grounding conductor, can be mounted at the rear end of the rod 8.

[0061] The grounding anchor 1 is inserted into a pre-drilled hole in the reinforced concrete. Tightening the nut 9 draws the expansion body 5 into the tension sleeve 7, causing the tension sleeve 7 to expand radially. The radial projections 72a, 72b, and 72c dig into the surrounding reinforced concrete, ensuring a secure anchoring of the grounding anchor 1.

[0062] The grounding anchor 1 is designed to establish a reliable electrical connection to the reinforced concrete after installation, thus serving as a grounding point. The design, comprising the expansion body 5 and the tension sleeve 7, ensures secure and permanent anchoring in the reinforced concrete.

[0063] Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of an earthing anchor 1 inserted into a borehole 20 in the reinforced concrete 2. The earthing anchor 1 shown consists of several components, which are depicted in detail in the figure. The rod 3 extends axially and is a central element of the earthing anchor 1. An expanding body 5 is attached to the front end of the rod 3, which serves to radially expand the clamping sleeve 7.

[0064] The tension sleeve 7 surrounds the rod 3 radially and is provided with a slot 71 extending in the axial direction. This slot 71 allows the tension sleeve 7 to expand radially when the expansion body 5 is moved in the axial direction. The tension sleeve 7 is equipped with radial projections 72a and 72b that engage in the reinforced concrete 2 to ensure a secure anchorage. These radial projections extend along the outer circumference of the tension sleeve 7 and are designed to penetrate the inner wall of the bore 20 when the tension sleeve 7 expands radially.

[0065] A spacer sleeve 8, acting axially, is arranged between the clamping sleeve 7 and the nut 9. The nut 9 can be screwed onto the rod 3 and serves to clamp the clamping sleeve 7 against the expanding body 5 by means of the spacer sleeve or smooth sleeve 8. A washer 91 is also placed between the nut 9 and the spacer sleeve 8 to ensure even pressure distribution.

[0066] The rod 3 is configured such that its second end contacts the steel reinforcement 21 of the reinforced concrete 2, while the first end protrudes from the bore 20. The expanding body 5 is designed to expand radially into the tension sleeve 7, thus pressing the tension sleeve 7 radially R against the inner wall of the bore 20. In the illustrated embodiment, three fully circumferential, annular radial projections 72a, 72b, 72c are provided on the outer cylindrical surface of the tension sleeve, which can be driven into the reinforced concrete.

[0067] The tension sleeve 7 is equipped with an internal cone designed to move over the expansion body 5 in the axial direction. This configuration enables easy force transmission and anchoring in the concrete. The grounding anchor 1 is designed to ensure a permanent and reliable connection with the steel reinforcement 21 and the surrounding concrete 2 after insertion into the borehole 20 and tensioning of the tension sleeve 7.

[0068] Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic exploded view of an earthing anchor 1 designed for use in reinforced concrete. The earthing anchor comprises a rod 3 defining an axial direction A. In the illustrated embodiment, the rod 3 is a threaded rod whose thread extends over the entire axial length L of the rod 3. It is particularly preferred that the rod 3 be a threaded rod with an axial length of 60 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, or 120 mm and have an M6 or M10 external thread. The rod 3 is equipped with an internal hexagon socket 31 for easy screwing. A clamping sleeve 7 is arranged around the rod 3, extending cylindrically around the axial direction A. The clamping sleeve 7 has a slot 71 extending in the axial direction A and completely penetrating the clamping sleeve.The slot 71 has a constant width w, which in the pre-assembled state can be approximately 2 mm, for example. The clamping sleeve 5 surrounds the rod 3 with a circumferential angle of almost 360°.

[0069] The tension sleeve 7 is provided with several radial projections 72a, 72b, 72c, which extend completely around the outer circumference 73 of the tension sleeve, through which the slot 71 is pierced. These radial projections 72a, 72b, 72c are designed to engage in the reinforced concrete when inserted and to ensure secure anchorage. Alternatively, shorter radial projections are conceivable, extending over an arc angle of at least 90° around the axial direction A, whereby two or more circumferentially adjacent radial projections may be provided (not shown).

[0070] The expanding body 5 is attached to, or can be attached to, the rod 3 and serves to radially expand the clamping sleeve 7. The expanding body 5 is equipped with an external cone 55, which is designed to engage the clamping sleeve 7 in the axial direction A. The external cone 55 has an external cone angle α in the range of 5° to 15°. The clamping sleeve 7 is provided with an internal cone 75, which has an internal cone angle β, also in the range of 5° to 15°. In the illustrated embodiment, the external cone angle α and the internal cone angle β are equal. The internal cone 75 then rests flat against the external cone 55, so that a large axial and radial force can act between the expanding body 5 and the clamping sleeve 7 with minimal compressive stress. Alternatively, for example to simplify manufacturing, it may be provided that only the expanding body 5 or only the clamping sleeve 7 is formed with a conical contact surface.The inner cone 75 is designed so that it can pass over the expanding body 5 in the axial direction A in order to simplify plastic deformation of the clamping sleeve in the radial direction R.

[0071] Fig. 4 shows a section view along section line IV-IV from Fig. 3. Here, the relationship between the expanding body 5 and the clamping sleeve 7 becomes clearer. The ring body 70 of the clamping sleeve 7 surrounds the expanding body 5, with the inner cone 75 of the clamping sleeve 7 interacting with the outer cone 55 of the expanding body 5. The second length L7 of the clamping sleeve 7 is greater than or equal to the first length L5 of the expanding body 5, which facilitates complete expansion of the clamping sleeve when the expanding body is inserted.

[0072] The design of the grounding anchor enables simple and secure anchoring in reinforced concrete by pressing the tension sleeve 7 against the inner wall of a borehole in the radial direction R by the expansion body 5. This is achieved through the interaction of the conical geometries of the inner cone 75 and outer cone 55, which ensure controlled and uniform deformation of the tension sleeve 7.

[0073] Fig. Figure 5 shows a sectional view of the expanding body 5. The expanding body is cylindrical and has a full circular cross-section. The expanding body 5 is provided with an external cone 55 extending outwards in the radial direction R from the axial center of the expanding body. The external cone 55 is designed to have an external cone angle α in the range of 5° to 15°, particularly in the range of 10° to 13°, preferably 12°. This external cone is advantageous for the function of the expanding body because it allows the clamping sleeve to expand radially when the expanding body is inserted into the clamping sleeve.

[0074] The expanding body 5 has an internal thread 53 that is complementary to an external thread 33 of the rod 3 of the grounding anchor 1. This internal thread allows the expanding body to be screwed onto the rod, thus creating a secure connection between these two components. The axial direction A is represented in the figure by a dashed line, which indicates the axis of symmetry of the grounding anchor 1.

[0075] Fig. Figure 6 provides a top view of the spreading body 5, illustrating its fully circular cross-section. The outer cone 55 is visible in this view as the outer ring surrounding the inner cone of the spreading body. The internal thread 53 is shown as the inner circle occupying the central area of ​​the spreading body.

[0076] The expanding body 5 is designed to be inserted into the clamping sleeve 7 in the axial direction A in order to cause plastic deformation of the clamping sleeve 7 in the radial direction R. This deformation ensures that the clamping sleeve 7, and thus the grounding anchor 1, is pressed firmly against the inner wall of a borehole 20 in the reinforced concrete 2, thereby achieving stable anchoring of the grounding anchor 1. REFERENCE MARK LIST 1 grounding anchor 2 reinforced concrete 3 staff 5 spreading bodies 7 clamping sleeve 8 Spacer sleeve 9 Mother 20 bore 21 Steel reinforcement 31 Hex socket 33 external threads 50 shell bodies 53 Internal thread (expansion body) 55 Outer cone 70 ring bodies 71 slots 72a, 72b, 72c Radial lead 73 External circumference 75 Inner cone 91 Washer A Axial direction D3 outer rod diameter D7 outer clamping sleeve diameter L axial length (total length) L5 first length L7 second length L8 third length R Radial direction w width α Outer cone angle β Internal cone angle QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited non-patent literature

[0000] Standards VDE 0100-540:2024-06 and / or EN 62305-3:2011-10

[0029]

Claims

[1] Grounding anchor (1) for insertion into reinforced concrete (2), comprising a rod (3) that defines an axial direction (A), a clamping sleeve (7) surrounding the rod (3) radially to the axial direction (A) with a slot (71) extending through the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A), and a spreading body (5) attached or attachable to the rod (3) for radially spreading the clamping sleeve (7), characterized by , that the slot (71) completely penetrates the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A). [2] Grounding anchor (1) for insertion into reinforced concrete (2), in particular according to claim 1, comprising a rod (3) that defines an axial direction (A), a clamping sleeve (7) surrounding the rod (3) radially to the axial direction (A) with a slot (71) extending through the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A), and a spreading body (5) attached or attachable to the rod (3) for radially spreading the clamping sleeve (7), characterized by , that the clamping sleeve (7) has exactly one slot (71). [3] Grounding anchor (1) for insertion into reinforced concrete (2), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a rod (3) that defines an axial direction (A), a clamping sleeve (7) surrounding the rod (3) radially to the axial direction (A) with a slot (71) extending through the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A), and a spreading body (5) attached or attachable to the rod (3) for radially spreading the clamping sleeve (7), characterized by , that the tension sleeve (7) has at least one radial projection (72a, 72b, 72c) for engaging in the reinforced concrete (2), which extends along the outer circumference (73) of the tension sleeve (7), wherein the at least one radial projection (72a, 72b, 72c) forms an arc angle about the axial direction (A) of at least 90° without interruption. [4] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 3, wherein the at least one radial projection (72a, 72b, 72c) extends continuously and is only interrupted by the slot (71) along the outer circumference (73) of the clamping sleeve (7). [5] Grounding anchor (1) for insertion into reinforced concrete (2), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a rod (3) that defines an axial direction (A), a clamping sleeve (7) surrounding the rod (3) radially to the axial direction (A) with a slot (71) extending through the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A), and a spreading body (5) attached or attachable to the rod (3) for radially spreading the clamping sleeve (7), characterized by , that the clamping sleeve (7) has two or more radial projections (72a, 72b, 72c) spaced apart in the axial direction (A) for engaging in the reinforced concrete (2). [6] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 5, wherein the clamping sleeve (7) has exactly two or exactly three radial projections (72a, 72b, 72c) spaced apart in the axial direction (A). [7] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the at least one radial projection (72a, 72b, 72c) in the radial direction (R) relative to a ring body (70) has a projection in the range of 0.3 mm to 3 mm, in particular in the range of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, preferably in the range of 1 mm to 1.5 mm. [8] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the at least one radial projection (72a, 72b, 72c) has a triangular cross-section, in particular an isosceles triangular cross-section and / or a right-angled triangular cross-section. [9] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 8, wherein the triangular cross-section is formed such that its triangular tip projecting in the radial direction (R) forms an obtuse angle. [10] Grounding anchor (1) for insertion into reinforced concrete (2), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a rod (3) that defines an axial direction (A), a clamping sleeve (7) surrounding the rod (3) radially to the axial direction (A) with a slot (71) extending through the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A), and a spreading body (5) attached or attachable to the rod (3) for radially spreading the clamping sleeve (7), characterized by, that the rod (3) has a polygonal or star-shaped screw drive profile at a first end. [11] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 10, wherein the multi-sided screw drive profile is designed as a triangular profile, a square profile, a pentagonal profile or a hexagonal profile. [12] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the multi-sided screw drive profile is concave, in particular as an internal triangular profile, an internal square profile, an internal pentagonal profile or an internal hexagonal profile (31). [13] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the multi-sided screw drive profile is convex, in particular as an external triangular profile, an external square profile, an external pentagonal profile or an external hexagonal profile. [14] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 13, wherein the star-shaped screw drive profile is designed as a cross-slot drive, internal hexagon drive or external hexagon drive. [15] Earthing anchor (1) for insertion into reinforced concrete (2), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a rod (3) that defines an axial direction (A), a clamping sleeve (7) surrounding the rod (3) radially to the axial direction (A) with a slot (71) extending through the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A), and a spreading body (5) attached or attachable to the rod (3) for radially spreading the clamping sleeve (7), characterized by , that the rod (3) has an outer rod diameter (D3), and The clamping sleeve (7) in its undeformed state has an outer clamping sleeve diameter (D7), wherein the ratio of the rod diameter (D3) to the clamping sleeve diameter (D7) is at least 0.

60. [16] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rod (3) has at least one threaded section with an external thread (33) in the axial direction (A). [17] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 16, wherein the rod (3) is designed as a threaded rod and the external thread (33) extends along its full axial length (L). [18] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the external thread (33) is designed as an M6 thread or as an M10 thread. [19] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of claims 16 to 18, wherein the rod (3) is realized as a threaded rod, wherein the axial length (L) of the rod (3) is 60 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm or 120 mm, and wherein the rod (3) has an external thread (33) which is designed as an M6 thread or as an M10 thread. [20] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of claims 16 to 19, wherein the expanding body (5) has an internal thread (53) complementary to the external thread (33). [21] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of claims 16 to 20, further comprising a nut (9) complementary to the external thread (33); and a spacer sleeve (8) insertable in the axial direction (A) between the clamping necks (7) and the nut (9). [22] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping sleeve (7) is formed at least sectionally with an internal cone (75) which is designed and configured to pass over the spreading body (5) in the axial direction (A). [23] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 22, wherein the inner cone (75) has an inner cone angle (β) in the range of 5° to 15°, in particular in the range of 10° to 13°, preferably 12°. [24] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the expanding body (5) is formed at least sectionally with an external cone (55) which is designed and configured to enter the clamping sleeve (7) in the axial direction (A). [25] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 24, wherein the outer cone (55) has an outer cone angle (α) in the range of 5° to 15°, in particular in the range of 10° to 13°, preferably 12°. [26] Earthing anchor (1) according to claims 22 to 25, wherein the outer cone angle (α) is equal to the inner cone angle (β). [27] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spreading body (5) and / or, if applicable, the outer cone (55) has a first length (L5), and wherein the clamping sleeve (7) and / or optionally the inner cone (75) has a second length (L7), wherein the second length (L7) is greater than or equal to the first length (L5). [28] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the clamping sleeve (7) is designed and configured to undergo plastic deformation in the radial direction (R) when clamped against the expanding body (5) in the axial direction (A). [29] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, in particular claim 17, wherein the clamping sleeve (7), in particular by means of the nut (9) and the spacer sleeve (8), can be clamped in the axial direction (A) against the expanding body (5) in a state inserted in a bore (20) in the reinforced concrete (2) such that the expanding body (5) causes the clamping sleeve (7) to expand in the radial direction (R) against the inner wall of the bore (20). [30] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 29 and at least one of claims 3 to 9, wherein the at least one radial projection (72a, 72b, 72c) or the two or more radial projections (72a, 72b, 72c) are designed to penetrate into the inner wall of the bore (20) when the clamping sleeve expands radially in the radial direction (R). [31] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rod (3) has an axial length (L) in the range of 50 mm to 200 mm, in particular in the range of 60 mm to 150 mm, preferably in the range of 80 mm to 120 mm. [32] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the slot (71) in the undeformed state has a particularly constant width (w) in the range of 0.1 mm to 4 mm, in particular in the range of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, preferably in the range of 1 mm to 2 mm. [33] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spreading body (5) is cylindrical and has a full circular cross-section. [34] Earthing anchor (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the slot (71) is straight. [35] Earthing anchor (1) according to claim 34, wherein the slot (31) is oriented in a straight line in the axial direction (A).

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