Machines and method for producing packaging products from a substrate in the form of a substrate web

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine (100) for producing packaging products (002) from a substrate (004) in the form of a substrate web (004), the machine comprising a substrate feed (101), preferably a printing section (400) with at least one printing mechanism (401), and a processing section (103) which has, on the substrate path in the transport direction (T), at least one rotatable tool carrier (806; 806*) with at least one processing tool (801; 801*) designed as a cutting tool (801; 801*) and arranged on the periphery of the rotatable tool carrier (806, 806*), by means of which processing tool a planar cutout (A1; A2; A3; A1'; A2'; A3') can be made in a substrate web (004) passing the cutting tool (801; 801*), wherein on the substrate path in the transport direction preferably a plurality of such rotatable tool carriers (806, 806*) are provided one after the other, each with at least or exactly one cutting tool (801; 801*) arranged on the periphery for making a respective planar cutout. The machine further comprises one or more drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) conveying the substrate (004) along the substrate path in and / or through the machine (100). In the event of a plurality of tool carriers (806; 806*) carrying at least one cutting tool (801; 801*), in each case a mechanically independent drive means (802; 802*) that is also independent of the drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) conveying the substrate (004) in and / or through the machine (100) is provided for the rotational driving of the tool carriers. The invention also relates to a method for producing packaging products (002).

Description

[0001] Description

[0002] Machines and methods for producing packaging products from a substrate in the form of a substrate web

[0003] The invention relates to machines and methods for producing packaging products, in particular packaging blanks, from a substrate in the form of a substrate web, in particular a fibrous packaging material, according to the preamble of claim 1 or 5 or 22.

[0004] EP 2 511 088 A1 relates to a method and a device for producing packaging for smoking articles, wherein in one embodiment a single-width film web is optionally printed by a printing unit, embossed in an embossing unit, provided with fold breaks in a folding unit and cut and cross-cut into the respective blanks in a cutting unit. All the edge cutouts and also the knives causing the cross-cutting are arranged on the circumference of a single cutting roller, which works against a counter-roller with a smooth outer surface. The rollers of the embossing, folding and cutting unit are driven by traction means and can be decoupled in order to synchronize the respective unit with the position of the film web and can be adjusted manually or automatically with regard to the film web position.

[0005] EP 3 360639 B1 discloses a method and a device for producing blanks from corrugated cardboard, wherein a corrugated cardboard web is cut to size immediately after its production by several form-independent, variable cutting tools, in particular by laser or plasma cutters. Several such cutting tools can be arranged one behind the other in the transport direction. In addition, further processing tools can be provided, e.g. creasing tools, embossing tools or printing devices or groups of these tools. US 11,247,427 B2 discloses a machine for producing packaging blanks, in which a continuous material web from a zigzag-folded stack is fed to the machine for processing, and copies with a so-called "false" fold line, which is caused by the zigzag folding of the initially fed web, are discharged.Cross-cutting into product sections and cutting out tabs is done by moving cutting knives up and down, cross-creasing by one or more creasing rollers and longitudinal creasing by creasing wheels.

[0006] US 5,727,367 A relates to a device and a method for providing blanks for boxes with a hinged closure lid, such as

[0007] Cigarette boxes. For this, a material web is unwound from a roll and, if necessary, printed by a printing unit, provided with longitudinal and transverse grooves by a pair of creasing rollers, and then cut at the required points by several pairs of cutting rollers and then cross-cut into individual sections. In a preferred design, the creasing and cutting roller pairs are driven by a main machine drive, and the material web is driven by main web drives whose position in the transport direction can be adjusted.

[0008] DE 35 00 547 A1 discloses a method and apparatus for producing blanks for packaging, wherein a material web is successively grooved longitudinally by a first pair of rollers, grooved transversely by a second pair of rollers, provided with first cuts by a first pair of cutting rollers comprising a measuring roller and a counter roller, and provided with second cuts by a second pair of cutting rollers comprising a measuring roller and a counter roller. It then passes through a pair of rollers for pressing out and sucking away the waste pieces and then through a slightly faster pair of pulling rollers to tear apart the blanks, which are still connected by narrow webs. The roller pairs are driven by a motor via a main drive shaft.In US 2005 / 0209075 A1, a corrugated board web is first produced in an inline process by joining at least one corrugated web, a printed outer layer, and an unprinted outer layer. This web is then processed—after drying and, if necessary, cooling—into blanks for corrugated cardboard boxes using a creasing device and a cutting device. The creasing and cutting are performed by pairs of rollers equipped with creasing and cutting tools, respectively. To correct any longitudinal register mismatch between the printed outer layer and the respective tools, the creasing and cutting devices are mounted on rollers.

[0009] DE 102020 108611 A1 discloses a method and device for producing blanks for packaging containers from cardboard composite webs. The web is provided with creasing lines by one or more embossing devices with interacting embossing rollers, and individual blanks are then cut crosswise. To ensure register accuracy between a previously printed decoration and the creasing lines, the relative position of a creasing line and a blank end is evaluated via a camera image and, if necessary, corrected by appropriately controlling the drive means driving the web or the embossing rollers.

[0010] US Pat. No. 6,766,733 B1 discloses a flexible cutting die for cutting blanks for an envelope, a box, a blank, an insert, or the like. The die comprises a base cutting die through which the outline is cut out, and an interchangeable molded part that can be attached to the base cutting die and through which a window or other type of opening can be introduced into the base blank, or an embossed pattern can be created. The interchangeable molded part can be positioned and / or shaped differently. A cutting cylinder equipped in this way interacts with a counter-cylinder that, for example, supports the negative cutting die on its outer surface.

[0011] In WO 2023 / 285008 A1, a cylinder carrying a cutting die can be varied in its peripheral speed relative to the transport or impression cylinder in order to adapt the processing length of the fixed-format cutting die to any length change that may occur upstream on the substrate. Such changes in printing length can be caused by mechanical "rolling out" during a printing process in a printing station, but also by humidity or temperature influences, and without compensation would cause a geometric deviation between the printed image and the cutting lines. In an advantageous embodiment, the cylinder carrying the cutting die is varied relative to the impression cylinder, which is primarily responsible for transporting the substrate. A separation device is arranged downstream of the cutting device to remove the residual or waste pieces remaining after cutting out the blank.

[0012] The invention is based on the object of creating suitable machines and methods for producing packaging products from a flat, in particular web-shaped substrate.

[0013] The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 or 5 or 22.

[0014] The advantages achievable with the invention are, in particular, that packaging products can be produced particularly quickly and / or variably and / or cost-effectively. This applies particularly to the production of blanks for cuboid boxes, in particular folding boxes, with one side edge which, compared to the two side edges of a top or bottom of the finished folding box, has a significantly smaller side length, e.g., a side length corresponding to a maximum of one third of the same or smaller of the two side lengths of the top or bottom. In this case, production is also possible without nesting the panels on the substrate. The panels can be arranged one behind the other on the substrate without offset; for a single-width substrate web, for example, all one behind the other in a single column, and for a multiple-width substrate web, in several, particularly non-intersecting, columns.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment with drive independent of the substrate feed of several or all discontinuously operating processing tools, in particular cutting tools and / or transverse weakening tools, the desired processing pattern, e.g. their effective times related to the substrate feed or their phase positions related to the substrate position relative to the position of the panel to be processed and on the respective panel, can be varied.

[0016] Of particular advantage is a design of a cutting tool by which - for example, in contrast to punched products which are punched out all around by a punching die - only individual cutouts, preferably only edge-side surface pieces, are cut out and / or a downstream stripping station can be omitted if the substrate is punched through.

[0017] A particularly advantageous design for cutting out offcuts, i.e., waste pieces not belonging to the final product, with a punching tool that simultaneously removes the offcut from the transport path during the punching process, eliminates the need for a separation device or complex extraction system. A comparatively high processing speed can be achieved, which, for example, favors the inline arrangement of printing and the otherwise often slower mechanical processing. This eliminates the need to maintain a larger number of punching lines than printing lines.

[0018] With a cutting tool which, in an advantageous embodiment, rotates about a rotation axis running parallel to the transport direction - in particular a transport direction present at the cutting location - or at least predominantly parallel, i.e. inclined with a deviation of less than 45° to the transport direction and / or passes through the substrate without being supported against an abutment, a high degree of variability in the number and arrangement of cutouts in the panel can be achieved in a simple manner.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment with a drive of several or all of the discontinuously operating processing tools independent of the substrate feed, the desired processing pattern, e.g. their effective times related to the substrate feed or their phase positions related to the substrate position relative to the position of the panel to be processed and on the respective panel, can be varied.

[0020] By cutting out individual leftover pieces and / or using a drive independent of the substrate feed, the production of cutting dies that represent the entire panel can be eliminated.

[0021] By processing web-shaped substrate in the preferred embodiment, waste, which may have to be taken into account on the feed side due to transport by grippers, can be avoided.

[0022] Of particular advantage is a single-width design of the processing line, in particular of the entire machine, in which a substrate with a single-use width, in particular a single-width substrate web, is processed in the machine or the mechanical processing line. For the products addressed here, such a single-width substrate web has, for example, a width of 250 mm to 700 mm for the production of extra-wide special formats, or of 250 mm to 500 mm for the predominant case of small to medium product formats. In a multiple-width, in particular double-width design, the multiple-width, in particular double-width substrate or the multiple-width, in particular double-width has, for example, a corresponding integer multiple of the above-mentioned single-width substrate or single-width substrate web, e.g. a width in the range of 500 mm to 1,400 mm for the production of extra-wide special formats, or in the range of 500 mm to 1.000 mm in the case of a double-width substrate.

[0023] A particularly advantageous machine for producing packaging products, in particular box blanks, preferably folding box blanks, from a substrate in the form of a substrate web, in particular a substrate made of a packaging material containing fibres, preferably natural fibres, comprises at least one substrate feed, through which the substrate web can be fed on the input side to a substrate path leading through the machine, preferably a printing and / or finishing section, through which the substrate web fed to the machine at the input can be passed or is passed - in particular at a defined transport speed - and can be or is printed on at least one of its sides one after the other with - in particular a plurality of - printed images of panels of the same panel length, one of which, if applicable.provided printing and / or finishing section in the substrate path downstream of a printing and / or finishing section, with at least one processing tool designed as a cutting tool and preferably arranged on the circumference of a rotatable tool carrier, by means of which a planar cutout can be or is made in the substrate web, and preferably with a processing tool designed as a cross-cutting tool, which is preferably arranged on the circumference of a rotatable tool carrier and by means of which the substrate web can be or is cut crosswise into substrate sections, and preferably a product display in which products manufactured in the machine can be laid out or can be or are combined to form bundles.

[0024] In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the machine, a plurality of rotatable cutting tools are arranged one behind the other on the circumference of a single rotatable tool carrier or preferably on the circumference of several rotatable tool carriers arranged one behind the other in the transport direction on the substrate path. Instead of or preferably in addition to one or more of the aforementioned aspects, in a particularly advantageous embodiment of the machine, the substrate feed has a drive means that conveys the substrate into the machine, at least one drive means that conveys the substrate as a substrate web on the substrate path is provided in the substrate path between the substrate feed and the cross-cutting tool, and a drive means that conveys the substrate sections is provided in the substrate path between the cross-cutting tool - if provided - and the product delivery, wherein, for example,the one or more tool carriers carrying at least one cross-machining tool and / or the one or more tool carriers carrying at least one cutting tool and optionally the tool carrier carrying the at least one cross-cutting tool each have a drive means for their rotational drive that is mechanically independent of one another and of the drive means conveying the substrate along the substrate path.

[0025] Instead of or preferably in addition to one or more of the aforementioned aspects, the at least one tool carrier with the cutting tool is arranged on the substrate path in such a way that a cutting edge of the cutting tool coming from an inlet side cuts through the substrate along a cutting line delimiting the cutout, without being supported on the other substrate side against an abutment or counter knife and / or in such a way that substrate passing on the substrate path is free at the cutting location on the substrate side opposite the inlet side of the cutting tool, i.e. without being supported on this substrate side and / or without hindering the release of the cut-out section of material.

[0026] Instead of, or preferably in addition to, one or more of the above

[0027] Aspects, a single-width printing section with at least one printing unit is provided, through which the substrate web fed into the machine at the beginning can be or is guided and on at least one of its two sides in the longitudinal direction in one column, iecan be or is printed in width with the print image of only one panel, with print images of panels of the same panel length, wherein the mechanical processing section downstream of the printing section in the substrate path comprises a plurality of transverse processing tools by means of which the substrate web can be or is subjected to a plurality of weakening lines running transversely to the transport direction for each panel length, as well as a plurality of cutting tools which are arranged on the substrate path in such a way that they only make flat cutouts one after the other in a substrate web passing the cutting tools on the substrate path for each panel length, all of which are open at least towards one side edge of the substrate web, and a transverse cutting tool by means of which the substrate web can be or is cut transversely into substrate sections of a respective panel length.

[0028] For all the above-mentioned designs or design variants, in a preferred embodiment - particularly for the single-width design of the machine - the tool carrier carrying the cutting tool is mounted on the substrate path so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis running parallel to the transport direction or at least inclined to the transport direction with a deviation of less than 45° and / or the cutting tool carried by the tool carrier has its cutting edge on its side facing in the direction of rotation.

[0029] Alternatively, in an advantageous development—particularly for the single-width version of the machine—the tool carrier carrying the cutting tool is mounted on the substrate path so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis perpendicular to the transport direction and / or has its cutting edge on a radially outward-facing side of the cutting tool. In an advantageous development for all of the above-mentioned designs or variants, several groups of two or possibly more tool carriers, each arranged transversely spaced from one another and / or aligned, are provided on the substrate path, each with at least one cutting tool.

[0030] In an advantageous further development for all of the above-mentioned designs or design variants, several, preferably at least three, rotatable tool carriers, each with a transverse machining tool on the circumference, and / or several, in particular three pairs of two tool carriers, each aligned with one another in the transverse direction, each with a rotatable cutting tool on the circumference, are provided one behind the other in the transport path.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the substrate to be processed or machined is a substrate made of a packaging material, preferably a packaging material containing fibers, in particular a packaging material containing natural fibers, preferably made of or at least predominantly containing cardboard or paperboard.

[0032] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

[0033] They show:

[0034] Fig. 1 shows an exemplary representation of a final product formed by a folding box;

[0035] Fig. 2 is a plan view of a blank formed by a folding box blank;

[0036] Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a) a machine for producing packaging products and b) the processing progress on a substrate web parallel to the passage through the machine;

[0037] Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a) an enlarged section of the mechanical processing section of the machine from Fig. 3 a), b) a plan view of any processing tools provided and c) a schematic representation of the processing progress on a substrate web parallel to the passage through the mechanical processing section;

[0038] Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic representation of a transverse machining section;

[0039] Fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic representation of a longitudinal machining section;

[0040] Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic representation of a cutting section;

[0041] Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a cutting device for separating sections;

[0042] Fig. 9 is a schematic plan view of a substrate section machined on the wheel side by a cutting device from Fig. 8;

[0043] Fig. 10 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of a cutting device for separating cutouts;

[0044] Fig. 11 is a view of a cutting device from Fig. 10 with a support surface interacting with the substrate to be processed.

[0045] The invention relates to the manufacture of products 002, in particular

[0046] Packaging products 002, made of a flat substrate 004, such as

[0047] Intermediate products 002, e.g., in the form of packaging blanks 002, or blanks 002 for short, for example box or, in particular, folding box blanks 002, are present in the provision of packaging 001, e.g., in the finished and folded state, e.g., boxes 001 that are open at the top or preferably closed on all sides, preferably folding boxes 001. In the manufacturing process, these products 002 or intermediate products 002 are present in a not yet separated state in several so-called panels 003 on a flat substrate 004.

[0048] The term panel 003 here refers - at least as far as the contour and shape are concerned - to identical objects that form the basis of the later products 002 or the end products 001 ultimately formed by unfolded packaging 001, in this case the blanks 002 to be produced, several of which are initially prefabricated on a common piece of material, here on the flat substrate 004, and then separated from one another to form the individual products 002 or intermediate products 002. In the present case, a panel 003 is to be regarded as that partial surface 003 of the substrate 004 which, after being separated from the substrate 004, corresponds to the intermediate product 002 or the product 002 to be manufactured in a machine 100, for example an above-mentioned blank 002 of a packaging 001 as the end product 001, and / or which, for example, is further processed into the desired or required end product 001 and / or is capable of being further processed.In the present case of a packaging 001 or a packaging blank 002, the panels 003 can basically only be determined by the same shape of the blank 002 to be produced, but in a particularly advantageous embodiment can additionally be printed once or multiple times and / or have a single- or multi-color print image on one or both sides. In the case of a printing process or print image, the print images on the panels 003 can be identical or - particularly when using a non-impact printing process - can differ completely or possibly in details, e.g. individualizing or personalizing information. Even such partial areas 003 that may differ in their print should be included here under the term panel 003 due to the same shape of their contour and the end product 001 to be produced.

[0049] A flat substrate 004 to be processed by machine 100 is understood here to mean a substrate workpiece whose thickness, also referred to as thickness, is at least a factor of 30, in particular 50, smaller than its width and length. Such a substrate workpiece to be processed can be sheet-shaped, i.e., as individual substrate sheets, or, as preferred here, in web-shaped, i.e., in the form of a substrate web 004, and / or can be fed to the machine 100 on the input side.

[0050] The flat substrate 004 to be processed—in particular into packaging blanks 002 or ultimately into packaging 001—or its underlying substrate material can be single-layered or multi-layered, formed from multiple layers of the same base material, or from different materials. The at least one or only layer, e.g., base layer, can be formed from a single-layered or multi-layered fiber-containing, in particular predominantly natural fiber-containing, packaging material, in particular made of cardboard or paperboard, which, in the case of a multi-layer substrate 004, can be coated, for example, with a film, e.g., made of plastic or metal, or surface-finished with a so-called coating or varnish, or provided with a barrier layer, e.g., made of plastic or varnish.In the following, unless explicitly differentiated otherwise, the term “flat substrate 004” made of fibrous packaging material refers to a substrate 004 with a grammage of at least 150 g / m. 2 (grams per square meter), for example even more than 225 g / m 2 , which, regardless of any multi-layer structure, consists entirely or at least as a base and / or for the majority of its thickness from the fibrous, in particular predominantly natural fiber-containing packaging material, preferably from cardboard or paperboard, and in particular has a low thickness in relation to the other dimensions mentioned above. Unless explicitly differentiated, the term cardboard or paperboard also refers to coated or refined substrate materials in the following, provided that they consist of cardboard or paperboard for the majority of their thickness.

[0051] The production of the above-mentioned intermediate products 002 and their further processing into packaging 001, e.g. into boxes 001, in particular folding boxes 001, can in principle take place in separate processes or machines or else only by the end user, who first folds the product 002 formed, for example, from a box or folding box blank 002 into the box 001 or folding box 001. In particular for different products, e.g. in the production of packaging 001 to be glued, these can also take place inline, i.e. in one go with all processing steps - for example, if necessary, printing of the raw material, mechanical processing such as embossing and / or creasing and / or perforating as well as cutting into blanks 002, and subsequent folding and, if necessary, gluing.Although a preferred embodiment of the machine 100 for producing and providing the folding box blanks 002 is described below by way of example, a variant of this can also include subsequent further processing stages by which folding boxes 001 are folded from the folding box blanks 002 and are previously applied with adhesive at the gluing points.

[0052] The product 002 to be manufactured can here, as preferred here and explicitly explained in the example below, be a blank 002 of a packaging 001 designed as a box 001, in particular a folding box 001, but could, deviating from this and from the specific representation, also be a blank 002, for example for the lower or upper part of a lidded box or for a so-called folding sleeve.

[0053] The products 002 or intermediate products 002 to be manufactured are preferably blanks 002 - in particular in the form of an unfolded net - of cuboid-shaped packaging 001 with three side lengths h; b; I, wherein a first of the side lengths h, e.g. a height h, has a considerably smaller length than the second and third side lengths b; I, e.g. the length I and the width b, e.g. a length corresponding to at most one third, in particular at most one fifth, of a smaller of the other two side lengths b; I. The second and third side lengths b; I can also have the same length. The second and third side lengths b; I span a first side 006, e.g. a base 006 of the packaging 001, with a rectangular or even square surface, e.g. a base area.

[0054] In the case of a closable or closed box 001, a second side 007, e.g. a lid 007, can lie opposite the first side 006 with approximately the same dimensions, i.e. a maximum deviation of 5%. As a result, the intermediate products 002 to be manufactured preferably represent blanks 002 for flat boxes 001, in particular folding boxes 001, with sides 008; 008'; 009; 009', in particular side walls 008; 008'; 009; 009', which are perpendicular to the first and any opposite second side 006; 007, which are significantly smaller. Such folding boxes 001 are used, for example, in the field of transporting or storing flat foodstuffs or

[0055] Food containers, e.g. for the transport and storage of baked goods or - as shown here as an example - pizzas.

[0056] In the case of a blank 002 for a bottom or top part of a lidded box, this part is then open at the top or bottom when folded; in the case of a blank 002 for a folding sleeve, the side walls 008; 008'; 009; 009' are omitted or are degenerated into inwardly foldable flaps. Although the height h of the end product 001, which is smaller than the width b and length l, is preferably seen primarily as the vertical extension and / or the term base 006 is used to refer to the underside of the packaging 001, such a conceptual assignment is not to be understood as mandatory here. In principle, a proper position can also be formed by a packaging 001 with a narrower base during intended use, formed by one of the side walls 008; 008'; 009; 009' with the shorter side length h.

[0057] Alternatively or preferably in addition to the above, the intermediate products 002 to be manufactured are blanks 002 or underlying panels 003, the finished cut of which in the unfolded net - in particular including any additions or tabs provided for stabilization and / or for adhesive or plug-in connections - occupies an area on the substrate 004 which corresponds to at least 80%, in particular at least 90%, of a smallest rectangular area spanning the panel 003. In other words, during the manufacture of the intermediate product 002, ideally less than 20%, preferably less than 10% of a rectangular substrate area, and thus - e.g. without taking into account any waste that may arise during start-up or shut-down - for example also of the supplied substrate 004, arises as residue or waste and must be removed.

[0058] Alternatively to this, or in particular together with one or more of the above criteria, the intermediate products 002 or blanks 002 of cuboid-shaped folding boxes 001 to be manufactured - in particular blanks 002 in the form of an unfolded net - are blanks 002 or underlying blanks 003 which only have cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' that are open at least towards the edge regions of two opposite first sides, e.g. the two long sides of the underlying blank 003, i.e. for example that they do not have any cutouts that are open exclusively towards the other two opposite second sides, e.g. the sides running transversely thereto, and / or no cutouts in the sense of windows surrounded on all sides by the substrate or other types of openings.The cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' are therefore, in a preferred embodiment, not enclosed by closed cutting lines s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4', but rather by cutting lines s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' which are open at least towards the side edge of the long side. An above-mentioned blank 002 comprises, in addition to one or more cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3', at least one transverse weakening line Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4; e.g., effective line Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4 and / or at least one longitudinal weakening line L1; LT, e.g., effective line L1; LT, at which the blank 002 is or can be bent during the subsequent forming into the final product 001, as well as at least two cutting edges on opposite sides, which result from a separation along a cutting line S between two successive blanks 003 in the preferred case of a seamless sequence of blanks or from a separation from the substrate 004 along two cutting lines S in the case of a residual strip in between.

[0059] A blank 002 shown here for an embodiment of a folding box 002 comprises three cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' on both long sides, namely, viewed in the lengthwise direction, in the respective corners and in an area lying in between, e.g. in a middle area, in particular extending over a length corresponding to the height h in the later product, and four transverse weakening lines Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4 running transversely to the long sides, namely, e.g. one each approximately at the level of the start of the respective corner cutout A1; A3; AT; A3', e.g.

[0060] corner cutout A1; A3; AT; A3', and one on each side of the approximately central cutout A2; A2'. The longitudinal direction of the blank 002 or of the panel 003 still enclosed by the substrate 004 should describe the extension parallel to one of the side lengths I; b of the base 006, which successively encompasses both the surface of the base 006 and the cover 007. A section lying in the area of ​​one of the two ends transversely to the longitudinal direction between the opposing corner cutouts A3; A3' is connected via a weakening line Q4 to the surface forming, for example, the cover 007 and forms, for example, one of the side walls 009 in the later end product 001, while a section lying in the area of ​​the other of the two ends transversely to the longitudinal direction between the opposing corner cutouts A1; AT lying and adjoining the surface forming the base 006 via a transverse weakening line Q1 in the later end product 001 e.g.forming a tab 011 that can be raised from the plane of the base 006. Longitudinal weakening lines L1; LT extend parallel to both side edges and - interrupted by the cutouts A2; A2' located in a central region - form side walls 009 that are bent longitudinally in the subsequent end product 001 from the base 006 and the lid 007. The longitudinal direction of the blank 003 is the direction running in the transport direction T on the substrate 004, and its length I003, i.e. the blank length I003, is the dimension extending in the transport direction T or, in the case of a substrate web 004, the dimension extending in its longitudinal direction.

[0061] A machine 100, in particular a substrate processing machine 100, for producing the above-mentioned products 002, in particular packaging blanks 002, from a flat, preferably web-shaped substrate 004 comprises, at least on the input side, a substrate feed 101 which, for the preferred embodiment of the substrate 004 to be fed as a substrate web 004, is formed by a roll unwinder 101, from which the web-shaped substrate 004 can be unwound and fed into a transport path leading through the machine 100. In the case of a web-shaped substrate 004, a drive means (not shown here), e.g. a drive motor, for unwinding a substrate roll can be assigned to the substrate feed 101 and / or a positively driven conveyor device for controlled conveying of the substrate web, e.g.a merely indicated pulling or feeding mechanism, which comprises, for example, a drive motor 106 driving a pulling roller as a drive means 106 effecting or supporting the substrate feed through the machine 100.

[0062] A drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; 403 which effects or supports the substrate feed in or through the machine 100 or which conveys the substrate 004 shall be referred to here and in the following - in abbreviated form - as drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; 403 which drive or convey the substrate 004 or the substrate web 004 in a controlled manner indirectly via a conveyor device which conveys the substrate 004 by form or frictional engagement and / or - which may be the case when transporting web-shaped substrate - in particular in interaction with other such conveyor devices or drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; 403 determine or at least co-determine the substrate feed.As such, for example, a drive means 106 conveying the substrate 004 into the machine 100 and / or one or more drive means 107; 108; 403 conveying the substrate 004 along the substrate path between the substrate feed 101 and the processing tool 901 designed as a cross-cutting tool 901 and / or at least one drive means 109 conveying the substrate sections 004i in the substrate path between the cross-cutting tool 901 and the product delivery 104 can be provided. For the case of a web-shaped substrate 004, the aforementioned frictionally or positively interacting conveying devices can be, for example, driven rollers, e.g., tension, hot, or cooling rollers, or driven cylinders of rollers of processing devices, e.g., transport cylinders or rollers involved in the formation of a printing or coating point or supporting the substrate 004 in such a printing or coating point.In the case of sheet-shaped substrate 004 or substrate sections 004i, for example, transport cylinders or transport belts can be used.

[0063] The machine 100 further comprises, in the transport path downstream of the substrate feed 101, at least one processing section 103 for mechanically processing the substrate 004 with several types of processing tools 601; 701; 702; 703; 801; 801*; 901 that act mechanically on the substrate 004 in different ways, e.g., one or more processing tools 601 for transverse weakening, one or more processing tools 701 for longitudinal weakening, one or more processing tools 801; 801* for cutting out and / or at least one processing tool 601, e.g., transverse processing tool 601, for transverse cutting.

[0064] On the output side, the machine 100 comprises a product delivery 104, which for the preferred embodiment is formed, for example, by a stack delivery 104, through which the products 002 produced in the machine 100, in particular intermediate products 002, are or can be laid out, for example, as a stream or shingled stream or, as preferred here, combined into bundles, in particular into stacks.

[0065] In the case of a web-shaped substrate 004, a drive motor 109 driving a conveyor device, e.g. a belt drive, a paddle wheel or a transport cylinder, can be provided between a cross-cutting of the substrate web 004 and the product delivery 104, e.g. as a drive means 109 effecting or supporting the substrate feed through the machine 100 or conveying the substrate 005, by means of which substrate sections 005i, e.g. as products 001; 002, can be fed to the product delivery 104.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, a printing and / or finishing section 102 is provided between substrate feed 101 and mechanical processing section 103, by means of which the substrate 004 can be printed on one or both sides with single-color or multi-color printed images, for example in the grid of the blanks 003 underlying the production of the products 002, and / or can be finished with a varnish or other surface coating. Furthermore, in the substrate path between a last printing point of a printing section encompassed by the printing and / or finishing section 102 and a first mechanical processing in the processing section 103, a drive motor 107 driving a pull roller can be provided as a drive means 107 effecting or supporting the substrate feed through the machine 100 or conveying the substrate 004.

[0067] In one variant of the machine 100, a folding section, optionally with an adhesive device, can be provided between the mechanical processing section 103 and the product delivery 104 - in particular for the production of already folded packaging 001. Although the machine 100 can also be designed to be multiple-width, i.e. for processing substrates 004 with several blanks 003 next to one another transversely to a transport direction T, in an advantageous embodiment the machine 100 is designed to be single-width, i.e. for processing substrates 004 with only one blank 003 in the transverse direction. A single-width machine 100 is therefore, for example, a machine whose processing and / or conveying width is designed to process and / or convey a substrate 004 that is only one blank 033 wide, e.g. a width in the range of, for example, 250 to 700 mm, at least 250 to 500 mm.If the machine 100 is designed to produce products 002 or panels 003 with - at least within certain limits - variable width, the processing and / or conveying width is designed with a width of the greatest width of the panel 003, e.g. a width of at least 500 mm, e.g. in the range from 500 mm to 700 mm. Instead or in addition, a single-width machine 100 is characterized, for example, in that the machine 100 in the substrate path without means, e.g. turning devices, for superimposing strands and / or without longitudinal cutting devices for dividing, e.g., the substrate web 004 into several adjacent partial webs of the same width, e.g., panel width.

[0068] The transport direction T and a longitudinal direction of the substrate 004 or the substrate web 004 or a blank 003 located thereon are to be understood here and in the following as the direction pointing in the feed or movement direction of the substrate 004 at the relevant location of the transport path, and the transverse direction is to be understood as the direction running perpendicular to this in the plane of the substrate surface, usually, for example, horizontally.

[0069] As processing tools 601; 701; 702; 703; 801; 801*; 901 of the processing section 103, one or more types of processing tools 701; 702; 703 can be provided, for example in a longitudinal processing section 700, which mechanically act on the substrate 004 along lines of action L1; LT running in the longitudinal or transport direction T and are preferably positioned or preferably positionable in their position in the transverse direction, i.e. in the lateral register, in register with the substrate 004 to be processed. Such longitudinally effective processing tools 701; 702; 703, in short longitudinal processing tools 701; 702; 703, for example, are - at least as far as their desired effect in the longitudinal direction is concerned - uncritical with regard to the longitudinal register, ie a relative phase position of the processing tool relative to the position of the blanks 003 provided on the substrate 004 along the transport direction T in the substrate path.

[0070] Preferably, the machine 100 or the processing section 103 in the substrate path comprises one or more, preferably at least two, longitudinal processing tools 701; 702; 703, which act mechanically, in particular deformingly, on the substrate 004 along a longitudinal processing tool 701; 702; 703 in the transport direction T, which are spaced apart from one another in the transverse direction and each introduce an effective line L1; LT running in the longitudinal or transport direction T, e.g. a weakening line L1; LT, in particular a longitudinal weakening line L1; LT, e.g. longitudinal weakening tools 701; 702. The longitudinal weakening tool 701; 702 in question can basically be designed as a perforating or preferably creasing tool 702; 703, which rotates or can be rotated, in particular about an axis running in the transverse direction. 701, in particular perforating or preferably creasing knife 701. In local usage - in contrast to a longitudinal cutting knife - the perforating or preferably creasing knife 701 orA tool carrier carrying such a perforating or preferably creasing tool is designed and arranged in the substrate path in such a way that it leaves a weakening line L1; LT in the substrate 004, but does not completely cut through the substrate 004 along the effective line L1; L2.

[0071] Preferably, at least two creasing tools 701, e.g. in the form of rotatable

[0072] Creasing knives 701 are provided. In addition or instead, two longitudinally acting perforating tools 702 designed as perforating knives may be provided, which may optionally be provided in addition to or alternatively to the creasing tools 701.

[0073] In addition to one or more of the above-mentioned types of processing tools introducing one or more weakening lines L1; LT, one or two longitudinal cutting tools 703 spaced apart from one another in the transverse direction, e.g., longitudinal cutting knives rotating or rotatable about an axis running in the transverse direction, can be provided as further longitudinally effective processing tools, by means of which, for example, edge trimming can be carried out on one or both longitudinal sides of the substrate 004 if required.

[0074] Although, for example, in Figures 3, 4, and 6, two longitudinally effective processing tools 701; 702; 703 formed by creasing tools 701, two perforating tools 702, and two longitudinal cutting tools 703 are shown by way of example, either all three of these types, only two of these types, or only one type of longitudinal weakening tool can be provided in the machine 100 or the mechanical processing line 103. In addition to one or more of the types mentioned, or instead of them, two spaced-apart embossing tools (not shown here) can also be provided as longitudinally effective processing tools.

[0075] The respective longitudinally acting processing tools 701; 702; 703 mentioned above are—if provided—preferably mounted on the substrate path, e.g., in a frame (not shown) of the machine 100 or the mechanical processing line, such that at least one, preferably both, of the same type, spaced apart in the transverse direction, can be adjusted or positioned individually or in pairs in the transverse direction. This is preferably done for a pair of processing tools 701; 702; 703 spaced apart in the transverse direction and preferably aligned with one another in this transverse direction, via at least one controllable drive means 704, e.g., a drive motor 704.In the case of a paired drive, the machining tools 701; 702; 703 of the tool pair are jointly driven or drivable by the drive motor 704 - for example, via an engagement of a respective tool carrier in a threaded spindle 706 with opposing threaded sections (see, for example, in Fig. 6 without the dashed drive means, but with a continuous spindle). In an embodiment that is advantageous, for example, with regard to variability, the two machining tools 701; 702; 703 of the tool pair can be adjusted independently of one another in the transverse direction by respective drive means 704; 704', e.g., drive motors 704; 704' (see version in Fig. 6 with the dashed drive means). In one variant, only one of the machining tools 701; 702; 703 of the tool pair can be positioned in the transverse direction oradjustable, and the other processing tool 701; 702; 703 is mounted on the substrate path in a frame-fixed manner with respect to the transverse direction.

[0076] One or more creasing tools 701 arranged in transverse alignment with one another can, together with any lateral adjusting means 704, 706; 704', 706' and their mounting, be conceptually combined to form a creasing device 707 and, as such, can be provided one or more times in succession in the processing section 103, in particular in the longitudinal processing section 700, in the manner described above. In addition or instead, one or more perforating tools 702 arranged in transverse alignment with one another can, together with any lateral adjusting means 704, 706; 704', 706' and their mounting, can, in conceptually combined to form a perforating device 708 and, as such, can be provided one or more times in succession in the processing section 103, in particular in the longitudinal processing section 700. In addition or instead, one or more longitudinal cutting knives 703 arranged in transverse alignment with one another can, together with anyprovided lateral adjusting means 704, 706; 704', 706' and their mounting are conceptually combined to form a longitudinal cutting device 09 and as such can be provided one or more times in the processing section 103, in particular in the longitudinal processing section 700.

[0077] One or more such processing devices 707; 708; 709 configured as creasing and / or perforating and / or slitting devices 707; 708; 709 can be arranged, for example, in a single base frame. The arrangement of one or more such creasing and / or perforating and / or slitting devices 707; 708; 709 in the base frame can be designed as a structural unit, e.g., as a module.

[0078] Instead of or preferably in addition to at least one type of longitudinally effective processing tools 701; 702; 703, at least one or more types of processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901 are provided as mechanical processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901, which do not act on the substrate 004 or the blanks 003 continuously, but only discontinuously at certain intervals in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 004 or in its transport direction T. Such processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901 must, in order to achieve the desired result, with regard to the longitudinal register, ie a relative phase position of the processing tool 601; 801; 801*; 901 relative to the position of the blanks 003 provided on the substrate 004, along the transport direction T in the substrate path, must be or be correctly positioned or operated at a correct rate.Such mechanical machining tools which operate with interruptions and are particularly critical with regard to the longitudinal register are also referred to below as discontinuously operating machining tools 601; 801; 801*; 901.

[0079] One or more types of transversely acting processing tools 601; 901 can be provided as 601; 901 falling under the discontinuously acting processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901, ie processing tools 601; 901 which act mechanically on the substrate in lines of action S; Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4 running along the transverse direction and which, when viewed in their relative phase position to the position of the blanks 003 along the transport path, i.e. in the longitudinal register, are in register with the position of the substrate 004 being processed or with the blanks 003 contained thereon in the transport direction T and with the other of the possibly provided discontinuously introduced lines of action S; Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4; s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' are positioned or positionable or must be.

[0080] For the preferred case of a web-shaped substrate 004, at least one cross-cutting tool 901 of a cross-cutting device 900, e.g. a cross-cutting blade 901 or in particular a cross-cutting blade pair 901, 902 comprising a cross-cutting blade 901 and a counter-blade 902, is provided as a discontinuously acting, in particular transversely acting processing tool 901, by means of which the substrate web 004 - in particular previously mechanically processed by one, several or all of the other processing tools 601; 701; 702; 703; 801; 801* required for production - is or can be cut transversely along an effective line S running in the transverse direction and formed by a cutting line S, in particular cross-sectional line S, into substrate sections 004i, in particular into each having a single blank 003 in the longitudinal direction. If the substrate track 004 at this point of the substrate path is single-width, as preferred, iewith the width of a single blank 003 extending in the transverse direction, and - as preferred - already processed by all necessary other mechanical processing steps or tools 601; 701; 702; 703; 801; 801*], the substrate sections 004i simultaneously already represent the intermediate products 002 or blanks 002 to be produced, which are combined, for example, in the downstream product delivery 104 to form bundles, e.g. stacks, or, in an alternative embodiment of the machine 100 upstream of the product delivery, are optionally glued and folded into end products 001. An above-mentioned cross-cutting knife 901 can be attached to a, e.g. rotating or rotatable, tool carrier 904, e.g. B. on the circumference of a cross-cutting cylinder 904, and together with its bearing and possibly its drive means 903 represent a processing device 906 designed as a cross-cutting device 906.The same applies to the arrangement of a counterblade 902, if provided, on a counterblade cylinder and its arrangement in the cross-cutting device 906. Several, e.g., two, such cross-cutting blades 901 can also be provided on such a tool carrier 904 in the circumferential direction, which then interact sequentially with the substrate web 004 to be cut. The same applies to the arrangement of several counterblades 902, if provided, on a counterblade cylinder. The tool carrier 603 is rotatable, in particular, about a rotation axis running parallel to the transverse direction.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment - particularly in the case of an embodiment of the machine 100 or the processing line 103 for variable blank lengths I003 - the cross-cutting tool 901, in particular at least the rotating or rotatable tool carrier 904, can be driven or driven in rotation in the above sense independently of the substrate feed by a drive means 903, e.g. a drive motor 903, in particular a drive or servo motor 903 whose speed and / or angular position can be controlled or regulated, i.e. mechanically independently of any drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; 403 that effect or support the substrate feed or convey the substrate 004.

[0082] Not only, but particularly in the case that the processing of a variable blank length I003 is to be possible, for example a pulling roller which is positively driven by a drive means 108, e.g. a drive motor 108, is arranged as a conveying device in the substrate path directly upstream of the cross-cutting tool 901, i.e. without any further processing tools in between. As another type of discontinuously acting, in particular cross-acting processing tool 601, in short cross-processing tool 601, is - if necessary instead of or in particular in the case of the upstream web-shaped substrate 004 in addition to the cross-cutting tool 901 - in the substrate path at least one mechanically acting, in particular deforming, in the transverse direction on the substrate 004 and a transversely running effective line Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4, e.g. weakening line Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4, in particular transverse weakening line Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4, inserting machining tool 601 , e.g.A transverse weakening tool 601 is provided, in particular arranged upstream of the possibly provided transverse cutting tool 901 in the transport path. This processing tool 601 can basically be designed as a perforating or preferably creasing knife 601, in particular rotating or rotatable about an axis running in the transverse direction, which extends, for example, in the transverse direction at least over a side length b; 1 of the later end product 001 running transversely on the substrate 004. The transverse weakening tool 601 can be provided on a, for example, rotating or rotatable, tool carrier 603, e.g. on the circumference of a knife cylinder 603. In local usage, here too - in contrast to the above-mentioned transverse cutting knife - a perforating or preferably creasing knife 601 orSuch a supporting knife cylinder 603 is designed and arranged in the substrate path in such a way that it leaves a weakening line Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4 in the substrate 004, but does not cut through the substrate 004 along the line. The respective tool carrier 603 is, in particular, rotatable about a rotation axis running parallel to the transverse direction.

[0083] For the preferred case of several transverse weakening lines Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4 to be applied to an intermediate product 002 or blank 003, a single transverse weakening tool 601 can basically be provided in the transverse processing section 600, which interacts several times with the respective blank 003 along its length. Preferably, however, several, e.g. at least or exactly two, preferably four or possibly more, such transverse weakening tools 601 are provided, which can interact or act one after the other with the same passing blank 003. In this case, several, e.g. at least three, in particular four, such transverse weakening tools 601 can be provided on a same, e.g. rotating or rotatable, tool carrier 603, e.g. on the circumference of a knife cylinder 603, wherein in a preferred embodiment the tool carrier 603 can be driven at a circumferential speed that can be varied during one revolution.

[0084] Preferably, however, several, e.g., at least or exactly two, in particular four or possibly more, such, e.g., rotating or rotatable, tool carriers 603, e.g., knife cylinders 603, are provided one behind the other in the transport path, each carrying possibly several, but preferably one each, of the transverse weakening tools 601 (see, e.g., Fig. 4 and Fig. 5). In both variants, the relative position of several transverse weakening lines Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4 to one another can thus be varied even without retooling.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the or each of the rotating or rotatable tool carriers 603 is or can be driven in a manner that is variable with regard to its effective peripheral speed, i.e. the peripheral speed of the transverse weakening tool(s) 601 carried thereby, relative to the speed of the substrate advance. In a preferred embodiment, for this purpose, the or each of the transverse weakening tools 601, in particular the or each of the rotating or rotatable tool carriers 603, can be driven or driven in rotation independently of the substrate advance, i.e. mechanically independently of any drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; 403 that effect or support the substrate advance or convey the substrate 004, by a drive means 602, e.g. drive motor 602, in particular a drive or servo motor 602 that can be controlled or regulated with regard to the speed and / or angular position.Each rotatable tool carrier 603 is preferably driven or driven independently of the other tool carriers 603 and, in the above sense, mechanically independent of the substrate advance through the processing section 103. An above-mentioned transverse weakening tool 601, in particular a tool carrier 603 with such a transverse weakening tool 601, together with its drive means 602 and its bearing, can be summarized as a processing device 604 designed conceptually as a transverse weakening device 604 and can be provided as such once or, as is preferred, several times in succession in the processing section 103, in particular the longitudinal processing section 700.

[0086] One or more such transverse weakening devices 604 can be arranged, for example, in a single subframe. The arrangement of one or more such transverse weakening devices 604 in the subframe can be designed as a structural unit, e.g., as a module.

[0087] As a discontinuously effective processing tool 801; 801*, which is to be arranged and / or operated in the transport path of the processing section 103 in particular with regard to the longitudinal register, at least one cutting tool 801; 801* is provided in the substrate path, e.g. upstream or preferably downstream of one or more possibly provided longitudinal processing tools 701; 702; 703 and / or e.g. upstream or preferably downstream of one or more possibly provided transverse processing tools 601; 901, by means of which at least one areal section A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' is cut out of the passing substrate 004 for each panel 003, ie in contrast to a simple linear cut, over a surface, ie extending two-dimensionally, with - e.g. B. in contrast to mere incisions - both an extension in the transverse direction and in the transport direction T is or can be cut out.s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' depending on the requirements. The cutting tool 801; 801* provided, for example, in a cutting section 800; 800* of the processing path 103 is advantageously designed and arranged and / or operated or operable on the substrate path in such a way that it acts on the substrate 004 from a first substrate side and that the substrate 004 is cut on a section A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' along the - possibly also irregularly running - cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' is completely severed, so that it can exit the other side of the substrate without any further breaking or separation of webs. For this purpose, the cutting tool 801; 801* orthe tool carrier 806; 806* carrying it is designed and arranged on the substrate path in such a way that substrate 004 passing along the substrate path is free in the substrate path at the cutting location at least over the area of ​​the cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' to be made on the substrate side opposite the entry side of the cutting tool 801; 801*, i.e. without being supported on this substrate side. In other words, the cutting tool 801; 801* or the tool carrier 806; 806* carrying it is arranged at a point on the substrate path at which on the substrate side opposite the entry side of the cutting tool 801; 801* - at least at the time of cutting - at least over the area of ​​the cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3', there is a free space into which the cut-out material section can be disposed of, for example, as a leftover or waste piece. The material section can then, for example,by means of a force acting on the material section - for example immediately after or already during the cutting process - e.g. the force of gravity, an applied suction force or, as described below, by the cutting tool 801; 801* itself, from the cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3'.

[0088] The respective cutting tool 801; 801* is preferably designed and arranged and / or operated or operable in such a way that the cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' is removed by the cutting tool 801; 801* in one go with the cutting out and also from the rest of the substrate 004, e.g. in that the cutting tool 801; 801* acts on the substrate 004 from a first substrate side, the substrate 004 is severed on one side through the cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' along the cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' - e.g. regularly or irregularly running - and the cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' is thereby removed on the other side, e.g. B. second substrate side is transported out of the remaining web-shaped or sheet-shaped substrate 004.

[0089] The material section cut out and removed along the cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' represents a residual or waste piece, while the area of ​​the substrate 004 surrounding the cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' is transported further downstream in the transport path as part of the blank 003.

[0090] In contrast to punching out a blank 003 with, for example, a single punching die, by means of which an outline of the blank 003 is cut out in one go - except for any remaining webs - the respective cutting tool 801; 801* here preferably has a cutting edge for the cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' of only one of several cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' to be cut out and removed for each blank 003. This means that several unconnected cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' are cut out one after the other from a substrate section having a panel 003 and, if necessary, removed immediately, so that the cut of a panel 003 or blank 002 remains as a continuous remainder.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment - e.g., in contrast to conventional punching dies - the cutting tool 801; 801* is not arranged with its cutting edge cutting against an abutment or a so-called die on or in the substrate path, but rather cuts through the substrate 004 along the cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' delimiting the cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' without working with a cutting edge against a counter surface, e.g., an abutment or counter blade, or supporting itself against such a surface. This makes it possible to cut out and remove the cut-out material section in one go, without the need for subsequent breaking out and removal of the residual or waste pieces.

[0092] Cutting with such a cutting tool 801; 801* can in principle be carried out without any rear support or bracing of the substrate 004 in the entire area surrounding the cutting point. In an advantageous embodiment, however, a support surface 803; 803* for the substrate 004 is provided on the second substrate side opposite the entry side, with an interruption 804; 804* or recess 804; 804* for receiving the cutting tool 801; 801*, which penetrates at least slightly, i.e., for example, at least 1 mm, through the substrate 004 at least with the cutting edge. The at least slight immersion is intended to ensure that the cut through the substrate 004 is continuous and that the cut-out material actually leaves or can leave the remaining substrate 004 towards the second substrate side.

[0093] Such a support surface 803 can - as shown, for example, in Fig. 8 - be realized in a first embodiment variant by a guide 803 which is provided in a stationary manner on the substrate path and supports the substrate 004 at least in an area adjacent to the cutting point, which guide 803 has, in an area opposite the cutting tool 801 during the cutting process in the substrate path, the recess 804 receiving the penetrating or at least immersing cutting tool 801 or an interruption 804 of the guide 803.

[0094] In a second embodiment, as indicated, for example, by the dashed arrow in Fig. 8 for the support surface 803 or in Fig. 11 by the rotational body 803* supporting the substrate 004, such a support surface 803 can be a support and / or conveyor device 803 that moves in the transport direction T of the substrate 004, e.g., supporting and / or conveying the substrate 004 in the process, e.g., a circulating belt or a circulating band, or a rotational body 803* that has corresponding recesses 804* and that has, in an area opposite the cutting tool 801* at the time of cutting out, the recess 804* that receives the cutting tool 801* that passes through, e.g., at least partially.

[0095] For both embodiments, the recess 804; 804* can basically have any shape such that it sufficiently supports the substrate 004 in an area adjacent to the recess, but does not protrude into the path of movement of the cutting tool 801; 801* or at least that of the part that passes - at least in part - through the substrate 004. In an advantageous embodiment, the recess is shaped and / or dimensioned such that the shape of its circumferential line is complementary to the cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4', but is dimensioned so large that it just does not protrude into the path of movement of the cutting tool 801; 801* - e.g. 801* or at least that of the part passing through.The cutting edge of the cutting tool 801; 801* can thereby perform a type of scissor cut with the edge of the recess 804; 804* in a support surface 803; 803* formed in this way.

[0096] In an advantageous embodiment, a group of at least or exactly two such cutting tools 801; 801*, preferably arranged in the same alignment with one another in the transverse direction, is provided, by means of which a plurality of cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3', for example two cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3', spaced apart in the transverse direction and preferably arranged in the same alignment when viewed in the transverse direction, can be introduced into the substrate 004 as it passes.

[0097] Basically independent of this, but in an advantageous embodiment in addition to this, the cutting device in a preferred embodiment, viewed in the longitudinal or transport direction T, comprises a plurality of cutting tools 801; 801* one behind the other, in particular a plurality of tool carriers 806; 806* each carrying at least or exactly one cutting tool 801; 801*, advantageously the above-mentioned groups of cutting tools 801; 801* or tool carriers 806; 806* aligned with one another in the transverse direction, through which a plurality of cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3', in particular a plurality of groups, e.g. pairs, of cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' aligned with one another in the transverse direction can be introduced into the passing substrate 004 at points of a same blank 003 that are offset from one another in the longitudinal direction, in particular at points of a same blank 003 that are offset from one another in the longitudinal direction.

[0098] In a particularly advantageous embodiment, one or more cutting tools 801; 801* or groups of cutting tools 801; 801* are arranged on the substrate path in such a way that they create cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' in the passing substrate 004 that are open towards the long side of the substrate 004, in particular only, i.e. exclusively, those cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' that are open at least towards the long side of the substrate 004. These can - in particular as far as the position on the substrate web 004 that has not yet been cut crosswise is concerned - be cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' that are open exclusively towards the side edge or - based on a blank 003 or the substrate section 004i that has already been cut crosswise or the packaging orFolding box blank 002 - instead of or in particular in addition to one or more cutouts A2; A2' open exclusively towards the side edge, also one or more cutouts A1; A3; AT; A3' which are open in the area of ​​the leading and / or trailing ends, in particular corner areas, of the blank 003 or packaging blanks 002 both towards the side edge of the blank 003 or the long side of the packaging blank 002, and at the same time towards the leading or trailing side of the blank 003 or the side in the direction of the width of the packaging blank 002.

[0099] In a particularly advantageous embodiment - in particular in conjunction with a single-width conveyor line through the processing line 103 or through the entire machine 100, in particular in conjunction with a single-width machine 100 - the processing line 103 comprises one or preferably several groups of two cutting tools 801; 801* each, which are arranged and operable on the substrate path in such a way that cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' open towards the respective long side of the substrate 004, in particular exclusively those cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' open towards the respective long side of the substrate 004, are created in regions of both long sides of the substrate 004.

[0100] For the preferred case of several cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' to be introduced one after the other in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 004 or in particular of a blank 003, a single cutting tool 801; 801* can basically be provided which interacts several times with the respective blank 003, wherein in the preferred embodiment the cutting tool 801; 801* or a tool carrier 806; 806* carrying the cutting tool 801; 801* is designed to be drivable by a drive means 802; 802* with a circumferential speed that can be varied during one revolution or is operable via appropriately configured control means.

[0101] Preferably, however, viewed in the transport direction T, several, e.g. at least two, in particular three or at least three, such cutting tools 801; 801* or groups of such cutting tools 801; 801* or rotating or rotatable tool carriers 806; 806* each carrying a cutting tool 801; 801* are provided, which - e.g. in the same alignment in the longitudinal direction - are arranged one behind the other in the transport direction T or are mounted on the substrate path so as to interact with the substrate 004 and / or, viewed in the longitudinal direction, can interact or interact with the substrate 004 at different points on the same passing blank 003. As a result, a phase, ie blank length I003 and / or a relative phase position of the cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' on the panel 003 and / or to each other without the need for retooling.

[0102] For all of the variants mentioned here, a design is particularly advantageous in which the or each tool carrier 806; 806* carrying one or at least one aforementioned cutting tool 801; 801* in the above sense can be driven or driven in a rotational mechanical manner by a drive means 802; 802* independently of the substrate feed or of the drive means 106; 107; 108; 109 conveying the substrate 004 and can be driven or driven via control means connected to the drive means 802; 802* by signaling at a peripheral speed that is variable and / or different from the transport speed. In the case of multiple tool carriers 806; 806*, preferably at least the tool carriers 806; 806* arranged one behind the other in the transport direction T are driven by mechanically independent drive means 802; 802*.

[0103] In a longitudinally aligned arrangement of machining tools 801; 801* or tool carriers 806; 806*, these are intended here and in the following, for example, to be those which, in the case of several groups of machining tools 801; 801* arranged next to one another in unwinding on the substrate 004, are to be assigned to a same column running in the longitudinal direction and / or whose effective width or the cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' introduced thereby at least intersect a same alignment running in the transport or longitudinal direction T.

[0104] Preferably, in the case of several cutting tools 801; 801* acting one after the other on the same blank 003, at least two of these tools have cutting tools 801; 801* cutting edges with a different cutting profile, i.e., patterns of cutting lines s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4'. Thus, different shapes of cutouts A1; A2; A3; A1'; A2'; A3' can be introduced into the blank 003, e.g., optimally adapted to the packaging 001 to be produced or the packaging blank 002.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment, the or each of the cutting tools 801; 801*, which are arranged one behind the other, for example in the same alignment, and preferably act in the region of the same long side, in particular the or each of the rotating or rotatable tool carriers 806; 806* carrying these cutting tools 801; 801*, can be driven or driven in rotation independently of the substrate feed by a drive means 802; 802*, for example a drive motor 802; 802*, in particular a drive or servo motor 802; 802* which can be controlled or regulated with regard to the speed and / or angular position, i.e. mechanically independent of any drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; which effect or support the substrate feed through the processing section or even the machine 100 up to a possibly required cross-cutting or which convey the substrate 004. 403. In the case of several, in particular three or at least three, rotating orrotatable tool carriers 806; 806* or cutting tools 801; 801*, each of these tool carriers 806; 806* or

[0106] Cutting tools 801; 801* are mechanically independent of any drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; 403 that effect or support the substrate feed through the processing section or even the machine 100 or that convey the substrate 004 and are preferably driven or rotatably driven independently of one another.

[0107] In addition to the rotary drive, the cutting tool(s) 801; 801* which interact with the substrate 004 at least in the region of one of the side edges is / are preferably mounted on the substrate path, e.g. in a frame (not shown) of the machine 100 or the mechanical processing line 103, such that at least one, preferably both of the relevant group of cutting tools 801; 801* can be adjusted or positioned in the transverse direction individually or in groups, e.g. in pairs. This is preferably done for one or each pair of cutting tools 801; 801* which are spaced apart from one another in the transverse direction and preferably aligned with one another in this direction, via at least one controllable drive means 808; 808*, preferably a drive motor 808; 808*. In a e.g.In a design which is advantageous in terms of variability, the two cutting tools 801; 801* of the tool pair can be adjusted independently of one another in the transverse direction by respective drive means 808; 808* - for example by means of an engagement of a holder carrying the respective tool carrier 806; 806*, e.g. designed in the manner of a slide, into the thread of a respective threaded spindle 809; 809*.

[0108] In one variant, the two cutting tools 801; 801* can be driven jointly and in opposite directions by only one drive motor 808; 808* - for example, by engagement of a holder carrying the respective tool carrier 806; 806*, e.g., designed in the manner of a slide, in a common threaded spindle 809 with opposite-rotating thread sections (e.g., indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 7 and Fig. 10 with a continuous threaded spindle 809; 809*).

[0109] In another variant, for example, only one of the cutting tools 801, 801* of the tool pair can be positioned or adjusted in the transverse direction via an above-mentioned spindle drive, and the other tool can be arranged fixed to the frame on the substrate path with respect to the transverse direction.

[0110] An above-mentioned cutting tool 801; 801*, in particular a tool carrier 806; 806* with such a cutting tool 801; 801*, together with its rotary drive means 802; 802*, its bearings and the adjusting means 808, 809; 808*, 809* provided in the transverse direction, can be conceptually summarized as a processing device 807; 807*, in particular cutting device 807; 807* for cutting out flat cutouts A1; A2; A3; A1'; A2'; A3' and as such can be provided in the processing section 103 one after the other or, as is preferred, several times in succession and / or in groups of several, e.g., in pairs, aligned with one another in the transverse direction. One or more such cutting devices 807; 807* or pairs of such cutting devices 807; 807* can be arranged, for example, in the same base frame. The arrangement of one or more such cutting devices 807; 807* in the base frame can be designed as a structural unit, e.g., a module.

[0111] In a first embodiment for the preferred cutting tool 801 explained above in a more general way or a cutting device 807 having such a cutting tool 801 (see, for example, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9), the cutting tool 801 is arranged or mounted on the substrate path so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis R which runs - particularly at the cutting location - perpendicular to the transverse direction and / or parallel or at least predominantly, i.e. with a deviation of less than 45°, parallel to the existing transport direction T or longitudinal direction of the blank 003 located on the substrate 004. A direction running predominantly parallel to the transport direction T is to be understood to mean that in a coordinate system which has a direction running in the transverse direction, a direction in the transport direction T and a direction perpendicular to both, the component pointing in the transport direction is the largest.The direction vector of the rotation axis R thus lies within a cone with the tip at the origin and symmetrical about the transport direction T with an opening angle of 90°.

[0112] A radial bearing supporting the rotating tool carrier 806 and enabling rotation about an above-mentioned rotation axis R is located in the transverse direction, ie viewed in the direction of the width of the substrate web 004, in particular in an alignment lying laterally to the substrate web 004 or its transport path, ie for example not above or below the substrate web 004 or its transport path, but - e.g. viewed in a projection onto the web plane - next to it.

[0113] The cutting tool 801 has a cutting edge in a region spaced from the rotation axis R, which cutting edge has, in particular, a cutting profile required for the relevant cutout A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3'. The cutting tool 801, which operates here, for example, in the manner of a fly knife 801, is mounted, for example, on a tool carrier 806, e.g., a disc-shaped or ring-shaped tool carrier 806, which in turn is mounted directly or indirectly on the carriage - which can optionally be displaced in the transverse direction as described above - and is rotatable about the rotation axis R running parallel to the transport direction T by the aforementioned drive means 802, e.g., the drive motor 802.

[0114] In this embodiment, the cutting tool 801 moves, for example, on a circular line around the rotation axis R parallel to the transport direction T and, coming from a first side, passes through the substrate 004 and, in doing so, conveys the cut-out material out of the substrate plane on the second side, where it is or can be collected and / or removed, for example. The cutting tool 801 carried by the tool carrier 806 has the effective cutting edge on its side facing in the direction of rotation, ie, for example, on that side of the cutting tool 801 which first strikes the substrate surface during rotation in the direction of the substrate 004 - e.g., running approximately radially to the rotation axis R.

[0115] The cutting tool 801 can be driven or is driven in rotation independently of the substrate advance by the drive means 802 in the above-mentioned manner, i.e., mechanically independently of any drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; 403 that effect or support the substrate advance or convey the substrate 004. For the preferred case of one or preferably several, in particular three, above-mentioned groups of several, in particular two, cutting tools 801 or cutting devices 807 aligned in the transverse direction, each of the cutting tools 801 is preferably driven separately by a mechanically independent drive means 802. Preferably, the cutting tool 802 is driven at a circumferential speed that is variable compared to the transport speed of the substrate 004 and / or at least at the time of cutting, significantly higher, e.g., at least twice the circumferential speed.

[0116] The above applies to a possibly provided stationary or co-moving support surface 803 with an interruption 804 or recess 804, with the proviso that in the case of the co-moving support surface 803, such a support is provided, for example, by a rotating support and / or conveyor device 803 such as a rotating belt or a rotating band, and in the case of a stationary or spatially fixed arrangement, for example, the side facing the substrate 004 of a guide 803 supporting the substrate 004 over a large area or, if applicable, a support 803 supporting the substrate 004 only adjacent to the recess 804.

[0117] The cutting tools 801 or the tool carriers 806 carrying the cutting tools 801 can, as explained above, be partially or entirely adjustable in the transverse direction individually or in groups, e.g., in pairs and in opposite directions.

[0118] In an alternative embodiment for the cutting tool 801* already explained in more general terms above or for a cutting device 807* having such a cutting tool 801* (see, for example, FIGS. 10 and 11), the cutting tool 801* is arranged on the substrate path so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis R* running perpendicular to the transport direction T or about a rotation axis R* running in the transverse direction and has, in an outwardly facing end region remote from the rotation axis R*, a cutting edge with a cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' corresponding to a cutting profile required for the respective section A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3'. Such an embodiment is not only, but particularly advantageous in connection with a multiple-width, e.g., double-width substrate 004, e.g. B. a multiple-width, in particular double-width substrate web 004, ie a substrate web 004 with a width for loading with several, e.g.two panels 003 arranged next to one another. The respective cutting tool 801* preferably has, in the longitudinal or circumferential direction, a cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' assigned to only one of a plurality of cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' to be made in the longitudinal direction for each panel 003 and / or, viewed in the transverse direction, only the cutting line s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' of one of a plurality of cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' to be made in the same alignment for each panel 003 in the transverse direction.

[0119] The respective cutting tool 801* is mounted in a z-preferential manner on a tool carrier 806*, e.g., a disc-shaped or ring-shaped tool carrier 806*, which in turn is mounted directly or indirectly on the holder - which can optionally be displaced in the transverse direction as described above - and is rotatable about the transverse rotation axis R* by an above-mentioned drive means 802*, e.g., drive motor 802*.

[0120] In contrast to the first version, the movement plane of the cutting tool 801* is not perpendicular to the transport direction T, but runs perpendicular to the transverse direction.

[0121] The cutting tools 801* or the tool carriers 806* carrying the cutting tools 801* can be partially or completely adjustable in the transverse direction individually or in pairs, as explained above.

[0122] As explained above, the cutting tools 801* or their tool carriers 806* can, in an advantageous embodiment as already explained above, all be individually driven in a rotational and mechanical manner by the substrate feed.

[0123] Alternatively, one or more of the cutting tools 801* or tool carriers 806* arranged in a transverse alignment can be jointly rotationally driven by a drive motor 802*, in particular a drive or servo motor 802* whose speed and / or angular position can be controlled or regulated, or can have such a common drive means 802*. In this case, the cutting tools 801* or tool carriers 806* arranged in a transverse alignment can be arranged on a common shaft or on a common rotating body (e.g., indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 11) and driven in rotation by the common drive means 802*. If necessary, they can additionally be positioned individually or in pairs in the transverse direction in or on the rotating body in the manner described above.In this embodiment, too, several such groups or pairs of cutting tools 801* or tool carriers 806* can preferably be arranged one behind the other in the substrate path.

[0124] In one variant, several, e.g. at least two, in particular three or at least three cutting tools 801* acting on the substrate 004 in the same alignment in the direction of transport direction T can be provided on a same, e.g. rotating or rotatable, tool carrier 806*, e.g. on the circumference of a rotational body 806*, wherein in a preferred embodiment the tool carrier 806* can be driven via appropriately configured control means with a circumferential speed that can be varied during one revolution.

[0125] The above applies to a possibly provided support surface 803* with the aforementioned recess 804*, with the proviso that it preferably moves along and is formed, for example, by a circumferential surface or partial surface of a rotating body 806*, which has at least one aforementioned recess 804* or circumferential interruption 804* in the cylindrical outer surface. The material sections cut out of the substrate 004 are then conveyed, for example, through the recess 804* or interruption 804* into the interior of the rotating body 806*, from where they can be removed—possibly after being collected.In order to obtain usable products 002 of sufficient quality, several or preferably all of the discontinuously operated shaping processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901 of the same or a different type, which are provided one after the other in the mechanical processing section 103 in the transport direction T in or on the substrate path of the substrate 004, in particular the substrate web 004, are arranged and operated in such a way that they are positioned relative to one another in order to discontinuously apply a desired pattern of several similar and / or different shaping lines of action, which is periodically repeated for each length of use 1003, to the substrate 004, in particular a substrate web 004, conveyed on the transport path.

[0126] The discontinuously effective shaping processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901 provided in the machine 100 or processing line 103 have in common that their effective times related to the substrate feed or their phase positions related to the substrate position in the longitudinal direction relative to the position of the blank 003 to be processed and the desired processing pattern on the respective blank are subject to strict requirements for longitudinal register accuracy.

[0127] A displacement of individual weakening or cutting lines Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4; S; s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' or cutouts A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3' relative to the position of the panel 003 on the substrate 004 or to one another can lead to the product 002 becoming unusable. On the other hand, for products 002 to be manufactured with different patterns and / or phase lengths, the phase position of the respective processing tool 601; 801; 801*; 901 - at least for the time of impact on the substrate 004 - must be regularly readjusted to the processing pattern of the panel 003 to be processed.

[0128] In order to achieve greater product variability and / or to be able to correct an observed register deviation, for example without considerable retooling effort, the or at least some or all of the discontinuously acting types of processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901 provided in the processing section 103 are mechanically independent of the drive means 106; 107; 108; 109; 403 which effect or support the substrate feed or convey the substrate 004 and are preferably driven individually or at least in pairs independently of one another in the manner explained above or are coupled or operatively connected to such a drive means 602; 802; 802*; 903 which is mechanically independent of the substrate feed. In this way, clock frequencies and repetition orPeriod lengths of a cycle for applying the weakening or cutting lines Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4; S; s1; s2; s3; s4; sT; s2'; s3'; s4' required for the product 002 to the substrate 004 - at least as far as the processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901 driven independently of the substrate feed are concerned - are changed independently of the transport speed of the substrate 004 guided through the processing section 103, in particular machine 100. It is also particularly advantageous if discontinuously acting processing tools 601; 801; 801*; 901 can be varied in their peripheral speed during one revolution and / or can be driven or are driven at a peripheral speed that varies compared to the transport speed within one revolution.

[0129] An above-mentioned printing and / or finishing section 102, preferably provided in the transport path of the machine 100 and arranged upstream of the mechanical processing section 103, has - in particular in the transport path upstream of the mechanical processing section 103 - e.g. a printing section 400, e.g. in the form of a printing unit 400, with one or more printing stations and / or at least one finishing device 500, e.g. a coating unit 500, for one- or two-sided coating, in particular varnishing, on one or both sides of the substrate path.

[0130] Printing by the printing section 400 can in principle be based on any printing process suitable for printing the substrate 004 made of the packaging material, in particular one containing fibers. In this case, it can comprise, for example, one or more printing units 401 operating according to the flexographic printing process, one or more according to the offset printing process, or one or more according to the gravure printing process. Of particular advantage, however, is an embodiment wherein the printing section 400 - in addition to or instead of printing units 401 of an aforementioned type - comprises one or more printing units 401 operating according to a printing form-free printing process, i.e. a so-called non-impact process, in particular according to the inkjet process, e.g. in the form of inkjet print heads 401 or rows of inkjet print heads 401 arranged next to one another transversely to the transport direction T. In this case, several, e.g.At least four printing units 401, in particular inkjet print heads 401 or rows of inkjet print heads 401 with printing fluid, e.g., printing ink or ink, of different colors, are arranged one behind the other in the transport direction T on the substrate path, in order, for example, to be able to print the substrate 004 with several different colors. Advantageously, at least four, in a particularly versatile embodiment, at least eight inkjet print heads 401 or rows of inkjet print heads 401 of different colors are provided one behind the other.

[0131] Opposite the printing units 401, in particular inkjet print heads 401, in the transport path on the other substrate side, the conveyed substrate 004 can be supported on one or more guide elements of a transport and / or conveying device 402, e.g. on several rollers or an impression or central cylinder, and optionally by one or more positively driven guide elements included in the transport and / or conveying device 402, e.g. one or more of the rollers as transport rollers driven via a drive means 403, e.g. a drive motor 403, or by an impression or central cylinder positively driven via a drive means 403, e.g. a drive motor 403, at a desired transport speed through the printing section 400 or on the substrate port path passing through the printing section 400.Instead or in addition to this, a positively driven conveyor device, e.g. a pull roller driven by a drive means 107; 108, e.g. drive motor 107; 108, can be provided for conveying the substrate 004 downstream of the printing section 400.

[0132] The printing line 400 can be configured, as shown, for example, by a printing unit 400 with printing units 401 printing on only one substrate side. Alternatively, however, it can comprise one such printing unit 400 for each of the two substrate sides, if necessary.

[0133] For the preferred embodiment of the printing line 400 with one or more inkjet printing units, an application device 200, e.g., an application unit 200, is arranged upstream of the printing line 400 in the substrate path, by means of which a base coat, e.g., a so-called primer, is or can be applied to the substrate 004, e.g., over a large area or over the entire surface. Particularly for such an application, in an advantageous embodiment of the machine 100, a drying device 300, e.g., a dryer 300, is arranged in the substrate path between such an application device 200 and the first printing point of the printing line 400.

[0134] Basically independent of the printing method, but advantageously in conjunction with a printing section 400 having inkjet printing units 401, a drying device 300, e.g., a dryer 300, is arranged downstream of the printing section 400 in the substrate path.

[0135] In the case of a finishing device 500 provided in the substrate path, a drying device 300, e.g., a dryer 300, is also arranged downstream of this in an advantageous embodiment.

[0136] List of reference symbols

[0137] 01 Packaging, box, folding box, finished product

[0138] 02 Product, packaging products, intermediate product, packaging blank, blank,

[0139] folding box blank,

[0140] 03 Use, partial area

[0141] 04 Substrate, substrate web

[0142] 004i Substrate section

[0143] 05

[0144] 06 Side, bottom

[0145] 07 Page, cover

[0146] 08 Side, side wall

[0147] 008' side, side wall

[0148] 09 Side, side wall

[0149] 009' side, side wall

[0150] 10

[0151] 11 tab

[0152] 100 machines

[0153] 101 Substrate feed, roll unwinder

[0154] 102 Printing and / or finishing line

[0155] 103 Mechanical processing line

[0156] 104 Product display, stack display

[0157] 105 -

[0158] 106 Drive means, drive motor

[0159] 107 Drive means, drive motor

[0160] 108 Drive means, drive motor

[0161] 108 Drive means, drive motor application device, application unit

[0162] Drying facility, dryer

[0163] Printing section, printing unit

[0164] Printing unit, inkjet print head

[0165] Transport and / or conveyor device

[0166] drive means, drive motor

[0167] Finishing facility, coating plant

[0168] Cross-processing section

[0169] machining tool, cross machining tool, cross weakening tool,

[0170] Creasing knife

[0171] Drive means, drive motor, servo motor

[0172] Tool carrier, knife cylinder

[0173] Processing device, transverse weakening device

[0174] Longitudinal processing section

[0175] Processing tool, longitudinal processing tools, creasing tool, creasing knife

[0176] Processing tool, longitudinal processing tools, perforating tool

[0177] machining tool, longitudinal machining tool, longitudinal cutting tool

[0178] Drive means, drive motor ' Drive means, drive motor

[0179] Threaded spindle ' Threaded spindle

[0180] Creasing device, processing device

[0181] Perforating device, processing device, longitudinal cutting device, processing device

[0182] Cutting section * Cutting section,

[0183] Machining tool, cutting tool, fly knife * Machining tool, cutting tool, punching tool

[0184] Drive means, drive motor, servo motor * Drive means, drive motor, servo motor

[0185] Support surface, guide, support and / or conveyor device, support * support surface, rotation body,

[0186] Interruption, recess * Interruption, recess

[0187] Tool carrier, rotating body * Tool carrier, rotating body

[0188] Processing device, cutting device * Processing device, cutting device

[0189] Drive means, drive motor * Drive means, drive motor

[0190] Threaded spindle * Threaded spindle

[0191] Cross cutting device

[0192] machining tool, cross machining tools, cross cutting tool,

[0193] Cross-cutting knife

[0194] Counter knife

[0195] Drive means, drive motor, servo motor

[0196] Tool carrier, cross-cutting cylinder 906 Processing device, cross-cutting device b Side length, width

[0197] I Side length, length h Side length, height

[0198] 1003 Length, panel length

[0199] A1 cutout, corner cutout

[0200] A2 excerpt

[0201] A3 cutout, corner cutout

[0202] AT cutout, corner cutout

[0203] A2' cutout

[0204] A3' cutout, corner cutout

[0205] L1 Longitudinal weakening line, effective line

[0206] LT Longitudinal weakening line, effective line

[0207] Q1 weakening line, transverse weakening line, effective line

[0208] Q2 weakening line, transverse weakening line, effective line

[0209] Q3 weakening line, transverse weakening line, effective line

[0210] Q4 weakening line, transverse weakening line, effective line

[0211] R rotation axis

[0212] R* rotation axis

[0213] S Section line, cross-section line, line of action s1 Section line, line of action s2 Section line, line of action s3 Section line, line of action s4 Section line, line of action s1' Section line, line of action s2' Section line, line of action s3' Section line, line of action s4' Section line, line of action

[0214] T Transport direction

Claims

Claims 1. Machine (100) for producing packaging products (002) from a substrate (004) present as a substrate web (004), comprising a substrate feed (101), through which the substrate web (004) can be fed on the input side of a substrate path leading through the machine (100), a printing section (400) with at least one printing unit (401), through which the substrate web (004) fed at the input to the machine (100) can be passed or is passed and can be or is printed on at least one of its sides one after the other with printed images of blanks (003) of the same blank length (1003), a mechanical processing section (103) arranged downstream of the printing section (400) in the substrate path, which mechanical processing section (103) on the substrate path in the transport direction (T) has a plurality of rotatable tool carriers (806; 806*) one after the other, each having at least one cutting tool (801; 801*) and arranged on the circumference of the machining tool (801;801*), by means of which a planar cutout (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3') can be or is introduced into a substrate web (004) passing through the cutting tool (801; 801*), one or more drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) conveying the substrate (004) along the substrate path into and / or through the machine (100), characterized in that the tool carriers (806; 806*) carrying the cutting tools (801; 801*) are each provided with a drive means (802; 803) which is mechanically independent of one another and of the drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) conveying the substrate (004) into and / or through the machine (100) for their rotational drive. 802*) is assigned.; 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective at least one tool carrier (806*) carrying a cutting tool (801*) is mounted on the substrate path so as to be rotatable about a rotation axis (R*) running perpendicular to the transport direction (T) and / or has its cutting edge on a radially outward-facing side of the cutting tool (801*).

3. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective tool carrier (806) carrying the at least one cutting tool (801) is mounted on the substrate path so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation (R) running parallel to the transport direction (T) or at least inclined to the transport direction (T) with a deviation of less than 45° and / or that the cutting tool (801) carried by the tool carrier (806) has its cutting edge on its side facing in the direction of rotation.

4. Machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that at least one of the tool carriers (806) carrying at least one cutting tool (801) is assigned a drive means (802; 802*) which is operable or operated in a manner varying in its peripheral speed during one revolution for the rotary drive thereof.

5. Machine (100) for producing packaging products (002) from a substrate (004) present as a substrate web (004), comprising a substrate feed (101), through which the substrate web (004) can be fed on the input side of a substrate path leading through the machine (100), a mechanical processing section (103) with at least one processing tool (801; 801*) designed as a cutting tool (801; 801*) and arranged on the circumference of a rotatable tool carrier (806, 806*), by means of which a planar cutout (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3') is made in a substrate web (004) passing through the tool carrier (806; 806*) with cutting tool (801; 801*). can be introduced, characterized in that the tool carrier (806) carrying the cutting tool (801) is mounted on the substrate path so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation (R) running parallel to the transport direction (T) or at least inclined to the transport direction (T) with a deviation of less than 45° and / or that the cutting tool (801) carried by the tool carrier (806) has its cutting edge on its side facing in the direction of rotation.

6. Machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the processing path comprises a plurality of such cutting tools (801) which are arranged one behind the other on the circumference of such a rotatable tool carrier (806) or on the circumference of a plurality of such rotatable tool carriers (806) provided one behind the other on the substrate path in the transport direction (T).

7. Machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that one or more drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) are provided which convey the substrate (004) along the substrate path in and / or through the machine (100), and in that a plurality of such tool carriers (806), each with at least one cutting tool (801), are arranged on the substrate path, to which a drive means (802; 802*) is assigned for their rotational drive, which drive means is mechanically independent of one another and of the drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) which convey the substrate (004) in and / or through the machine (100).

8. Machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that one or more drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) are provided which convey the substrate (004) along the substrate path into and / or through the machine (100), and in that at least one tool carrier (806) with one or more cutting tools (801; 801*) is arranged on the substrate path, to which a rotating drive which varies in its peripheral speed during one revolution operable or operated drive means (802; 802*) which is mechanically independent of the drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) conveying the substrate (004) into and / or through the machine (100).

9. Machine according to claim 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that a printing section (400) with at least one printing unit (401) is arranged upstream of the mechanical processing section (103) in the substrate path, through which or which the substrate web (004) fed to the machine (100) at the beginning can be or is guided and can be or is printed on at least one of its sides one after the other with printed images of blanks (003) of the same blank length (1003).

10. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 9, characterized in that the printing section (400) comprises one or more printing units (401) operating according to a formless printing process and / or formed by inkjet print heads (401) or rows of inkjet print heads (401).

11. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 or 10, characterized in that the printing section (400) and / or the at least one printing unit (401) encompassed by the printing section (400) is designed to be single-width, ie the substrate web (004) on at least one of its two sides in the longitudinal direction in the printing section (400) can be or is printed in only one column with the print image of only one blank (003) in width.

12. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 11, characterized in that the machine (100) and / or the mechanical processing section (103) comprised by the machine (100) is single-width, ie with a processing and / or conveying width for processing and / or conveying a substrate web (004) having only one width and / or a substrate web having only one width in the transverse direction. The substrate web (004) is formed with a use (003) of the product (001; 002) to be manufactured.

13. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that at least two rotatable cutting tools (801; 801*) acting one after the other on a substrate web (004) guided along the transport path in the region of a side edge have cutting edges with mutually different courses of cutting lines.

14. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 13, characterized in that the cutting tools (801; 801*) making the cutouts (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3') are all designed and arranged with their tool carrier (806; 806*) on the substrate path in such a way that they make only flat cutouts (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3') one after the other in a substrate web (004) passing the cutting tools (801; 801*) on the substrate path, for each blank length (I003), which are all open at least towards one side edge of the substrate web (004).

15. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 or 14, characterized in that two tool carriers (806; 806*), each with at least or exactly one cutting tool (801; 801*), are arranged on the substrate path at a distance from one another in the transverse direction and / or in alignment in such a way that they only cut out sections (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3') from a substrate web (004) conveyed on the substrate path, which sections are open at least towards one of the two side edges of the substrate web (004).

16. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15, characterized in that the respective drive means (802; 802*) of the the respective tool carrier (806, 806*) carrying at least one cutting tool (801; 801*) is signal-connected to control means which are designed to drive the tool carriers (806; 806*) at circumferential speeds different from the transport speed of the substrate web (004) and / or with phase positions variable relative to the substrate feed, via a corresponding control of the drive means (802; 802*), and / or to provide a passing substrate web (004) with different periodically repeating patterns of cutouts (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3') which differ with regard to a phase length related to the substrate web and / or in the distance between successive cutouts (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3').

17. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 or 16, characterized in that the tool carrier (806; 806*) with the cutting tool (801; 801*) is arranged on the substrate path in such a way that a cutting edge of the cutting tool (801; 801*) coming from an entry side cuts through the substrate (004) along a cutting line (s1; s2; s3; s4) delimiting the cutout (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3'), without being supported on the other substrate side against an abutment or counter-blade and / or in such a way that substrate (004) passing on the substrate path at the cutting location at least over the area of ​​the cutout (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3') on the substrate side opposite the entry side of the cutting tool (801; 801*) is free, ie without being supported on this substrate side, in the substrate path.

18. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17, characterized in that at least one transverse weakening tool (601) for producing a transverse weakening line (Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4) on the circumference is provided on the substrate path. A tool carrier (603) is provided, to which a drive means (602) is assigned that is mechanically independent of the drive means (802; 802*) of the cutting tools (801; 801*) and of the drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) conveying the substrate (004) into and through the machine.

19. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, V or 18, characterized in that several or at least three tool carriers (603) are provided on the substrate path, each having one or at least one transverse weakening tool (601) for producing a weakening line (Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4) running in the transverse direction on the circumference, to which tool carriers (603) a drive means (602) is assigned which is mechanically independent of one another and of the drive means (802; 802*) of the cutting tools (801; 801*) as well as of the drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) conveying the substrate (004) into and through the machine.

20. Machine according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the drive means (602) of the tool carrier (603) carrying at least one transverse weakening tool (601) is designed or driven to be driven at a peripheral speed that is independent of the transport speed of the substrate web (004) and / or variable and / or different from the transport speed via control means that are signal-technically connected to the drive means (602).

21. Machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20, characterized in that downstream of the tool carriers (806, 806*) carrying the cutting tools (801; 801*) in the substrate path, a cross-cutting tool (901) is arranged, by means of which the substrate web (004) can be or is cut crosswise into substrate sections (004i) of a respective useful length (1003), and to which a mechanically driven by the drive means (802; 802*) of the cutting tools (801; 801*) and a drive means (602) independent of the drive means (106; 107; 108; 109; 403) conveying the substrate (004) into and through the machine.

22. Method for producing packaging products (002) from a substrate (004) present as a substrate web (004), wherein the substrate web (004) is fed on the input side to a substrate path leading through the machine (100) and is conveyed through the machine (100) at a defined transport speed, the substrate web (004) conveyed on the substrate path is printed on at least one of its sides one behind the other with printed images of blanks (003) of the same blank length (I003), the substrate web (004) printed with blanks (003) is cut for each blank length (I003) by a plurality of cutting tools (801; 801*) which are arranged on the circumference of a plurality of rotating tool carriers (806; 806*) provided one behind the other in the transport direction (T) on the substrate path, with a periodically repeating pattern of a plurality of planar cutouts (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2';A3'), and finally the substrate web (004) is cut transversely into substrate sections (004i) by a transverse cutting knife (901), characterized in that the tool carriers (806; 806*) having at least one cutting tool (801; 801*) on the circumference are each driven by a drive means (802; 802*) that is mechanically independent of one another and of the substrate feed and / or are driven in at least one operating situation at a speed at which a rotational speed of a cutting edge of the cutting tool (801; 801*) arranged on the circumference of the tool carrier (806; 806*) is different from the transport speed of the substrate web (004) conveyed through the machine (100).; 23. The method according to claim 22, characterized in that the respective tool carrier (806) rotates about an axis of rotation running parallel to the transport direction (T) or at least inclined to the transport direction (T) with a deviation of less than 45° and / or in that the cutting tool (801) carried by the tool carrier (806) cuts through the substrate (004) from one side with a cutting edge pointing in the direction of rotation and leaves the substrate plane again on the other side.

24. Method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the substrate web (004) is printed with only the print image of one blank (003) viewed in the transverse direction and / or is cut transversely by the transverse cutting knife (901) into substrate sections (004i) which are only one blank (003) wide and / or have one blank, and / or in that all of the cutting tools (801; 801*) which are spaced apart from one another and / or aligned in the substrate path in the transverse direction only cutouts (A1; A2; A3; AT; A2'; A3') are cut out of the substrate web (004) passing the cutting tools (801; 801*) on the substrate path, which are open at least towards one of the side edges of the substrate web (004).

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