Signaling updates for supporting srs for positioning interference randomization

Abstract

Aspects presented herein may enable a location server and one or more base stations to communicate with each other for supporting and configuring positioning interference randomization for positioning reference signal, such as sounding reference signal (SRS), for a UE. In one aspect, a UE transmits, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping. The UE receives, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

Description

SIGNALING UPDATES FOR SUPPORTING SRS FOR POSITIONING INTERFERENCE RANDOMIZATIONCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims the benefit of Greece Patent Application Serial No. 20230100579, entitled “SIGNALING UPDATES FOR SUPPORTING SRS FOR POSITIONING INTERFERENCE RANDOMIZATION” and filed on July 14, 2023, which is expressly incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates generally to communication systems, and more particularly, to a wireless communication involving positioning.INTRODUCTION

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0004] These multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and even global level. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of a continuous mobile broadband evolution promulgated by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., with Internet of Things (IoT)), and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G LongTerm Evolution (LTE) standard. There exists a need for further improvements in 5G NR technology. These improvements may also be applicable to other multi-access technologies and the telecommunication standards that employ these technologies.BRIEF SUMMARY

[0005] The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects. This summary neither identifies key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineates the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0006] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus transmits, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of reference signals (RSs) for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping. The apparatus receives, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0007] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus receives an indication of a capability of a user equipment (UE) to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping. The apparatus transmits, to a network node based on the indication, a request for a configuration of the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0008] In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus receives, from a location server, a request for a configuration of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of a comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping. The apparatus transmits, to the UE based on the request, the configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0009] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the one or more aspects may include the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in theclaims. The following description and the drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative features of the one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network.

[0011] FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0012] FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of downlink (DL) channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0013] FIG. 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0014] FIG. 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of uplink (UL) channels within a subframe, in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0015] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and user equipment (UE) in an access network.

[0016] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a UE positioning based on reference signal measurements.

[0017] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example pattern of DL positioning reference signal (PRS) (DL-PRS) resources within a slot in accordance with various aspect of the present disclosure.

[0018] FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating example patterns of UL sounding reference signal (SRS) (UL-SRS) resource within a slot in accordance with various aspect of the present disclosure.

[0019] FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of configuring comb spacing and offset for an SRS resource in accordance with various aspect of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a coherence joint transmission (CJT) across multiple transmission reception points (TRPs) in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG. 9 is a communication flow illustrating an example positioning procedure for multi-round trip time (RTT) in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a positioning information request message in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of requested SRS transmission characteristics in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a positioning information response message in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of an SRS configuration in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0026] FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of an SRS resource in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0027] FIG. 15 is a communication flow illustrating an example positioning procedure associated with SRS comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0028] FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.

[0029] FIG. 17 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.

[0030] FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example apparatus and / or network entity.

[0031] FIG. 19 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.

[0032] FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.

[0033] FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example network entity.

[0034] FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.

[0035] FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication.

[0036] FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example network entity.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Aspects presented herein may enable a location server (e.g., a location management function (LMF)) and one or more base stations (e.g., gNB(s)) to communicate witheach other for supporting and configuring interference randomization for positioning reference signal, such as sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0038] In one aspect, a user equipment (UE) may transmit, to an LMF, a UE capability reporting for SRS for positioning, which may include a UE reporting whether it is capable of applying comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping to SRS for positioning (e.g., this capability may be associated with LTE positioning protocol (LPP) capability reporting). In another aspect, in a requested SRS transmission characteristics message from a location server to a serving base stations, the requested SRS transmission characteristics message may include the location server requesting a serving base station to configure a UE with SRS for positioning and with comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping. For example, the location server may request / indicate whether the SRS for positioning is to have comb-offset hopping, cyclic shift hopping, or both. In another aspect, in an SRS configuration message form a base station to a location server, the SRS configuration message may include a set of configuration parameters for SRS with comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping, or whether such feature(s) are supported or not supported by the base station. In another aspect, in a measurement request message form a location server to a base station, the location server may inform a base station to measure an SRS that has comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping, or both configured. In another aspect, a base station may respond whether eventually a different hopping pattern was activated / triggered. In another aspect, as the feature(s) of SRS cyclic-shift hopping and / or comb-offset hopping may not be supported by a base station, a base station (e.g., a neighboring base station) may indicate that the measurement was not successful, and the base station may provide the reason.

[0039] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the drawings describes various configurations and does not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein may be practiced. The detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of various concepts. However, these concepts may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well known structures and components are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring such concepts.

[0040] Several aspects of telecommunication systems are presented with reference to various apparatus and methods. These apparatus and methods are described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks,components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0041] By way of example, an element, or any portion of an element, or any combination of elements may be implemented as a “processing system” that includes one or more processors. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform the functions individually or in combination. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoC), baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functionality described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system may execute software. Software, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise, shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof.

[0042] Accordingly, in one or more example aspects, implementations, and / or use cases, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or encoded as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, such computer-readable media can include a random-access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the types of computer- readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessedby a computer.

[0043] While aspects, implementations, and / or use cases are described in this application by illustration to some examples, additional or different aspects, implementations and / or use cases may come about in many different arrangements and scenarios. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases described herein may be implemented across many differing platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may come about via integrated chip implementations and other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (Al)-enabled devices, etc.). While some examples may or may not be specifically directed to use cases or applications, a wide assortment of applicability of described examples may occur. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases may range a spectrum from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip- level implementations and further to aggregate, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more techniques herein. In some practical settings, devices incorporating described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described aspect. For example, transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily includes a number of components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antenna, RF-chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffer, processor(s), interleaver, adders / summers, etc.). Techniques described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated or disaggregated components, end-user devices, etc. of varying sizes, shapes, and constitution.

[0044] Deployment of communication systems, such as 5G NR systems, may be arranged in multiple manners with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system, or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a radio access network (RAN) node, a core network node, a network element, or a network equipment, such as a base station (BS), or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality, may be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), or a cell, etc.) may be implemented as an aggregated base station (also known as a standalone BS or a monolithic BS) or a disaggregated base station.

[0045] An aggregated base station may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A disaggregated base station may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)). In some aspects, a CU may be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed throughout one or multiple other RAN nodes. The DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU and RU can be implemented as virtual units, i.e., a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0046] Base station operation or network design may consider aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, disaggregated base stations may be utilized in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O- RAN (such as the network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)). Disaggregation may include distributing functionality across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as distributing functionality for at least one unit virtually, which can enable flexibility in network design. The various units of the disaggregated base station, or disaggregated RAN architecture, can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0047] FIG. 1 is a diagram 100 illustrating an example of a wireless communications system and an access network. The illustrated wireless communications system includes a disaggregated base station architecture. The disaggregated base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110 that can communicate directly with a core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 through one or more disaggregated base station units (such as a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC 115 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 105, or both). A CU 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via respective midhaul links, such as an Fl interface. The DUs 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via respective fronthaul links. The RUs 140 may communicate with respective UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 140.

[0048] Each of the units, i.e., the CUs 110, the DUs 130, the RUs 140, as well as the Near- RT RICs 125, the Non-RT RICs 115, and the SMO Framework 105, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or to transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to the communication interfaces of the units, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, the units can include a wired interface configured to receive or to transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units. Additionally, the units can include a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter, or a transceiver (such as an RF transceiver), configured to receive or to transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.

[0049] In some aspects, the CU 110 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), or the like. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit - User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit - Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 110 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. The CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP unit via an interface, such as an El interface when implemented in an 0-RAN configuration. The CU 110 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 130, as necessary, for network control and signaling.

[0050] The DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 140. In some aspects, the DU 130 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, demodulation, or the like) depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as those defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, the DU 130 may further host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) can be implemented with an interfaceconfigured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 130, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 110.

[0051] Lower-layer functionality can be implemented by one or more RUs 140. In some deployments, an RU 140, controlled by a DU 130, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions, or low-PHY layer functions (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, or the like), or both, based at least in part on the functional split, such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, the RU(s) 140 can be implemented to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU(s) 140 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable the DU(s) 130 and the CU 110 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0052] The SMO Framework 105 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non- virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 105 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements that may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an 01 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 105 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) 190) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an 02 interface). Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 110, DUs 130, RUs 140 andNear-RT RICs 125. In some implementations, the SMO Framework 105 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O- eNB) 111, via an 01 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 140 via an 01 interface. The SMO Framework 105 also may include aNon-RT RIC 115 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 105.

[0053] The Non-RT RIC 115 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, artificial intelligence (Al) / machine learning (ML) (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near-RT RIC 125. The Non-RT RIC 115 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an Al interface) the Near-RT RIC 125. The Near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 110, one or more DUs 130, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 125.

[0054] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 125, the Non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 125 and may be received at the SMO Framework 105 or the Non-RT RIC 115 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 115 or the Near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 105 (such as reconfiguration via 01) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as Al policies).

[0055] At least one of the CU 110, the DU 130, and the RU 140 may be referred to as a base station 102. Accordingly, a base station 102 may include one or more of the CU 110, the DU 130, and the RU 140 (each component indicated with dotted lines to signify that each component may or may not be included in the base station 102). The base station 102 provides an access point to the core network 120 for a UE 104. The base station 102 may include macrocells (high power cellular base station) and / or small cells (low power cellular base station). The small cells include femtocells, picocells, and microcells. A network that includes both small cell and macrocells may be known as a heterogeneous network. A heterogeneous network may also include Home Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) (HeNBs), which may provide service to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication links between the RUs 140 and the UEs 104 may include uplink (UL) (also referred to as reverse link) transmissions from a UE 104 to an RU 140 and / or downlink (DL) (also referred to as forward link) transmissions from an RU 140 to a UE 104. The communication links may use multiple- input and multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication links may be through one or more carriers. The base station 102 / UEs 104 may use spectrum up to fMHz (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400, etc. MHz) bandwidth per carrierallocated in a carrier aggregation of up to a total of Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction. The carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. Allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respectto DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for DL than for UL). The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. A primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary component carrier may be referred to as a secondary cell (SCell).

[0056] Certain UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use the DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (P SB CH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). D2D communication may be through a variety of wireless D2D communications systems, such as for example, Bluetooth™ (Bluetooth is a trademark of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG)), Wi-Fi™ (Wi-Fi is a trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance) based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

[0057] The wireless communications system may further include a Wi-Fi AP 150 in communication with UEs 104 (also referred to as Wi-Fi stations (STAs)) via communication link 154, e.g., in a 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum or the like. When communicating in an unlicensed frequency spectrum, the UEs 104 / AP 150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) prior to communicating in order to determine whether the channel is available.

[0058] The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, based on frequency / wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referredto (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz - 300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.

[0059] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified an operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz). Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and / or FR2 into midband frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), FR4 (71 GHz - 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0060] With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “millimeter wave” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR2-2, and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band.

[0061] The base station 102 and the UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays to facilitate beamforming. The base station 102 may transmit a beamformed signal 182 to the UE 104 in one or more transmit directions. The UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from the base station 102 in one or more receive directions. The UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal 184 to the base station 102 in one or more transmit directions. The base station 102 may receive the beamformed signal from the UE 104 in one or more receive directions. The base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the best receive and transmit directions for each of the base station 102 / UE 104. The transmit and receive directions for the base station 102 may or may not be the same. The transmit and receive directions for the UE 104 may or may not be the same.

[0062] The base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, an access point, a base transceiver station, a radio base station, a radio transceiver, a transceiver function, a basic service set (BSS), an extended service set (ESS), a TRP, network node, network entity, network equipment, or some other suitable terminology. The base station 102 can be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, an aggregated (monolithic) basestation with a baseband unit (BBU) (including a CU and a DU) and an RU, or as a disaggregated base station including one or more of a CU, a DU, and / or an RU. The set of base stations, which may include disaggregated base stations and / or aggregated base stations, may be referred to as next generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0063] The core network 120 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, a Session Management Function (SMF) 162, a User Plane Function (UPF) 163, a Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. The AMF 161 is the control node that processes the signaling between the UEs 104 and the core network 120. The AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. The SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. The UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. The UDM 164 supports the generation of authentication and key agreement (AKA) credentials, user identification handling, access authorization, and subscription management. The one or more location servers 168 are illustrated as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, generally, the one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of the GMLC 165, the LMF 166, a position determination entity (PDE), a serving mobile location center (SMLC), a mobile positioning center (MPC), or the like. The GMLC 165 and the LMF 166 support UE location services. The GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) for accessing UE positioning information. The LMF 166 receives measurements and assistance information from the NG-RAN and the UE 104 via the AMF 161 to compute the position of the UE 104. The NG-RAN may utilize one or more positioning methods in order to determine the position of the UE 104. Positioning the UE 104 may involve signal measurements, a position estimate, and an optional velocity computation based on the measurements. The signal measurements may be made by the UE 104 and / or the base station 102 serving the UE 104. The signals measured may be based on one or more of a satellite positioning system (SPS) 170 (e.g., one or more of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), global position system (GPS), non-terrestrial network (NTN), or other satellite position / location system), LTE signals, wireless local area network (WLAN) signals, Bluetooth signals, a terrestrial beacon system (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., barometric pressure sensor, motion sensor), NR enhanced cell ID(NR E-CID) methods, NR signals (e.g., multi-round trip time (Multi-RTT), DL angle- of-departure (DL-AoD), DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL angle-of-arrival (UL-AoA) positioning), and / or other systems / signals / sensors.

[0064] Examples of UEs 104 include a cellular phone, a smart phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small kitchen appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similar functioning device. Some of the UEs 104 may be referred to as loT devices (e.g., parking meter, gas pump, toaster, vehicles, heart monitor, etc.). The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or some other suitable terminology. In some scenarios, the term UE may also apply to one or more companion devices such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may collectively access the network and / or individually access the network.

[0065] Referring again to FIG. 1, in certain aspects, the UE 104 may include a comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198 that may be configured to transmit, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping; and receive, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0066] In certain aspects, the one or more location servers 168 may include an SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197 that may be configured to receive an indication of a capability of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping; and transmit, to a network node based on the indication, a request for a configuration of the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0067] In certain aspects, the base station 102 may include a comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198 that may be configured to receive, from a location server, a request for a configuration of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of a comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping; and transmit, to the UE based on the request, the configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0068] FIG. 2 A is a diagram 200 illustrating an example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 illustrating an example of DL channels within a 5G NR subframe. FIG. 2C is a diagram 250 illustrating an example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 illustrating an example of UL channels within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure may be frequency division duplexed (FDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for either DL or UL, or may be time division duplexed (TDD) in which for a particular set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), subframes within the set of subcarriers are dedicated for both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGs. 2A, 2C, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, with subframe 4 being configured with slot format 28 (with mostly DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexible for use between DL / UL, and subframe 3 being configured with slot format 1 (with all UL). While subframes 3, 4 are shown with slot formats 1, 28, respectively, any particular subframe may be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0-61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all DL, UL, respectively. Other slot formats 2-61 include a mix of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. UEs are configured with the slot format (dynamically through DL control information (DCI), or semi- statically / statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling) through a received slot format indicator (SFI). Note that the description infra applies also to a 5G NR frame structure that is TDD.

[0069] FIGs. 2A-2D illustrate a frame structure, and the aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other wireless communication technologies, which may have a different frame structure and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equally sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. Subframes may also include mini-slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For normal CP, each slot may include 14 symbols, and forextended CP, each slot may include 12 symbols. The symbols on DL may be CP orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP -OFDM) symbols. The symbols on UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power limited scenarios; limited to a single stream transmission). The number of slots within a subframe is based on the CP and the numerology. The numerology defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1). The symbol length / duration may scale with 1 / SCS.Table 1: Numerology, SCS, and CP

[0070] For normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different numerologies p 0 to 4 allow for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots, respectively, per subframe. For extended CP, the numerology 2 allows for 4 slots per subframe. Accordingly, for normal CP and numerology p, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2.Llslots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2^ * 15 kHz , where g is the numerology 0 to 4. As such, the numerology p=0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and the numerology p=4 has a subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely related to the subcarrier spacing. FIGs. 2A-2D provide an example of normal CP with 14 symbols per slot and numerology p=2 with 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 ps. Within a set of frames, there may be one or more different bandwidth parts (BWPs) (see FIG. 2B) that are frequency division multiplexed. Each BWP may have a particular numerology and CP (normal or extended).

[0071] A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as physical RBs (PRBs)) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0072] As illustrated in FIG. 2A, some of the REs carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for the UE. The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0073] FIG. 2B illustrates an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), each CCE including six RE groups (REGs), each REG including 12 consecutive REs in an OFDM symbol of an RB. A PDCCH within one BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET). A UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., common search space, UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring occasions on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at greater and / or lower frequencies across the channel bandwidth. A primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be within symbol 2 of particular subframes of a frame. The PSS is used by a UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and a physical layer identity. A secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be within symbol 4 of particular subframes of a frame. The SSS is used by a UE to determine a physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE can determine a physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the locations of the DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH), which carries a master information block (MIB), may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block (also referred to as SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides a number of RBs in the system bandwidth and a system frame number (SFN). The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs), and paging messages.

[0074] As illustrated in FIG. 2C, some of the REs carry DM-RS (indicated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE may transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS may be transmitted in the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DM-RS may be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether short or long PUCCHs are transmitted and depending on the particular PUCCH format used. The UE may transmit sounding reference signals (SRS). The SRS may be transmitted in the last symbol of a subframe. The SRS may have a comb structure, and a UE may transmit SRS on one of the combs. The SRS may be used by a base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequencydependent scheduling on the UL.

[0075] FIG. 2D illustrates an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH may be located as indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as scheduling requests, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACK and / or negative ACK (NACK)). The PUSCH carries data, and may additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0076] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a base station 310 in communication with a UE 350 in an access network. In the DL, Internet protocol (IP) packets may be provided to a controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a medium access control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with broadcasting of system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter radio access technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associatedwith the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0077] The transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes a physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channels, forward error correction (FEC) coding / decoding of the transport channels, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto physical channels, modulation / demodulation of physical channels, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 316 handles mapping to signal constellations based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BP SK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The coded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams. Each stream may then be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to produce a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is spatially precoded to produce multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from a channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the coding and modulation scheme, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimate maybe derived from a reference signal and / or channel condition feedback transmitted by the UE 350. Each spatial stream may then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx may modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0078] At the UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement layer 1 functionality associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiplespatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they may be combined by the RX processor 356 into a single OFDM symbol stream. The RX processor 356 then converts the OFDM symbol stream from the time-domain to the frequency domain using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier, and the reference signal, are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on channel estimates computed by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals that were originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0079] The controller / processor 359 can be associated with at least one memory 360 that stores program codes and data. The at least one memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

[0080] Similar to the functionality described in connection with the DL transmission by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIBs) acquisition, RRC connections, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, and security (ciphering, deciphering, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer ofupper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0081] Channel estimates derived by a channel estimator 358 from a reference signal or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used by the TX processor 368 to select the appropriate coding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatialprocessing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 may be provided to different antenna 352 via separate transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx may modulate anRF carrier with a respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0082] The UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver function at the UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives a signal through its respective antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers information modulated onto an RF carrier and provides the information to a RX processor 370.

[0083] The controller / processor 375 can be associated with at least one memory 376 that stores program codes and data. The at least one memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport and logical channels, packet reassembly, deciphering, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using an ACK and / or NACK protocol to support HARQ operations.

[0084] At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198 of FIG. 1.

[0085] At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects in connection with the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 of FIG. 1.

[0086] FIG. 4 is a diagram 400 illustrating an example of aUE positioning based on reference signal measurements (which may also be referred to as “network-based positioning”) in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 404 may transmit UL SRS 412 at time TSRS_TX and receive DL positioning reference signals (PRS) (DL PRS) 410 at time TPRSRX- The TRP 406 may receive the UL SRS 412 at time TSRS_RX and transmit the DL PRS 410 at time TPRS_TX- The UE 404 may receive the DL PRS 410 before transmitting the UL SRS 412, or may transmit the UL SRS 412 before receiving the DL PRS 410. In both cases, a positioning server (e.g., location server(s) 168) or the UE 404 may determine the RTT 414 based on ||TSRS RX - TPRSTX| - ITSRS TX - TPRS_RX||- Accordingly, multi-RTT positioning may make use of the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements (i.e., |TSRS TX - TPRS_RX|) and DL PRS reference signal received power (RSRP) (DL PRS-RSRP) of downlink signals received from multiple TRPs 402, 406 and measured by the UE 404, and the measured TRP Rx-Txtime difference measurements (i.e., |TSRS_RX - TPRSTX|) and UL SRS-RSRP at multiple TRPs 402, 406 of uplink signals transmitted from UE 404. The UE 404 measures the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements (and / or DL PRS-RSRP of the received signals) using assistance data received from the positioning server, and the TRPs 402, 406 measure the gNB Rx-Tx time difference measurements (and / or UL SRS-RSRP of the received signals) using assistance data received from the positioning server. The measurements may be used at the positioning server or the UE 404 to determine the RTT, which is used to estimate the location of the UE 404. Other methods are possible for determining the RTT, such as for example using DL-TDOA and / or UL-TDOA measurements.

[0087] PRSs may be defined for network-based positioning (e.g., NR positioning) to enable UEs to detect and measure more neighbor transmission and reception points (TRPs), where multiple configurations are supported to enable a variety of deployments (e.g., indoor, outdoor, sub-6, mmW, etc.). To support PRS beam operation, beam sweeping may also be configured for PRS. The UL positioning reference signal may be based on sounding reference signals (SRSs) with enhancements / adjustments for positioning purposes. In some examples, UL-PRS may be referred to as “SRS for positioning,” and a new Information Element (IE) may be configured for SRS for positioning in RRC signaling.

[0088] DL PRS-RSRP may be defined as the linear average over the power contributions (in [W]) of the resource elements of the antenna port(s) that carry DL PRS reference signals configured for RSRP measurements within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth. In some examples, for FR1, the reference point for the DL PRS- RSRP may be the antenna connector of the UE. For FR2, DL PRS-RSRP may be measured based on the combined signal from antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch. For FR1 and FR2, if receiver diversity is in use by the UE, the reported DL PRS-RSRP value may not be lower than the corresponding DL PRS- RSRP of any of the individual receiver branches. Similarly, UL SRS-RSRP may be defined as linear average of the power contributions (in [W]) of the resource elements carrying sounding reference signals (SRS). UL SRS-RSRP may be measured over the configured resource elements within the considered measurement frequency bandwidth in the configured measurement time occasions. In some examples, for FR1, the reference point for the UL SRS-RSRP may be the antenna connector of the base station (e.g., gNB). For FR2, UL SRS-RSRP may be measured based on thecombined signal from antenna elements corresponding to a given receiver branch. For FR1 and FR2, if receiver diversity is in use by the base station, the reported UL SRS- RSRP value may not be lower than the corresponding UL SRS-RSRP of any of the individual receiver branches.

[0089] PRS-path RSRP (PRS-RSRPP) may be defined as the power of the linear average of the channel response at the i-th path delay of the resource elements that carry DL PRS signal configured for the measurement, where DL PRS-RSRPP for the 1st path delay is the power contribution corresponding to the first detected path in time. In some examples, PRS path Phase measurement may refer to the phase associated with an i- th path of the channel derived using a PRS resource.

[0090] DL-AoD positioning may make use of the measured DL PRS-RSRP of downlink signals received from multiple TRPs 402, 406 at the UE 404. The UE 404 measures the DL PRS-RSRP of the received signals using assistance data received from the positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used along with the azimuth angle of departure (A-AoD), the zenith angle of departure (Z-AoD), and other configuration information to locate the UE 404 in relation to the neighboring TRPs 402, 406.

[0091] DL-TDOA positioning may make use of the DL reference signal time difference (RSTD) (and / or DL PRS-RSRP) of downlink signals received from multiple TRPs 402, 406 at the UE 404. The UE 404 measures the DL RSTD (and / or DL PRS-RSRP) of the received signals using assistance data received from the positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used along with other configuration information to locate the UE 404 in relation to the neighboring TRPs 402, 406.

[0092] UL-TDOA positioning may make use of the UL relative time of arrival (RTOA) (and / or UL SRS-RSRP) at multiple TRPs 402, 406 of uplink signals transmitted from UE 404. The TRPs 402, 406 measure the UL-RTOA (and / or UL SRS-RSRP) of the received signals using assistance data received from the positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used along with other configuration information to estimate the location of the UE 404.

[0093] UL-AoA positioning may make use of the measured azimuth angle of arrival (A-AoA) and zenith angle of arrival (Z-AoA) at multiple TRPs 402, 406 of uplink signals transmitted from the UE 404. The TRPs 402, 406 measure the A-AoA and the Z-AoA of the received signals using assistance data received from the positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used along with other configuration information toestimate the location of the UE 404. For purposes of the present disclosure, a positioning operation in which measurements are provided by a UE to a base station / positioning entity / server to be used in the computation of the UE’s position may be described as “UE-assisted,” “UE-assisted positioning,” and / or “UE-assisted position calculation,” while a positioning operation in which a UE measures and computes its own position may be described as “UE-based,” “UE-based positioning,” and / or “UE-based position calculation.”

[0094] Additional positioning methods may be used for estimating the location of the UE 404, such as for example, UE-side UL-AoD and / or DL-AoA. Note that data / measurements from various technologies may be combined in various ways to increase accuracy, to determine and / or to enhance certainty, to supplement / complement measurements, and / or to substitute / provide for missing information.

[0095] Note that the terms “positioning reference signal” and “PRS” generally refer to specific reference signals that are used for positioning in NR and LTE systems. However, as used herein, the terms “positioning reference signal” and “PRS” may also refer to any type of reference signal that can be used for positioning, such as but not limited to, PRS as defined in LTE and NR, TRS, PTRS, CRS, CSLRS, DMRS, PSS, SSS, SSB, SRS, UL-PRS, etc. In addition, the terms “positioning reference signal” and “PRS” may refer to downlink or uplink positioning reference signals, unless otherwise indicated by the context. To further distinguish the type of PRS, a downlink positioning reference signal may be referred to as a “DL PRS,” and an uplink positioning reference signal (e.g., an SRS-for-positioning, PTRS) may be referred to as an “UL-PRS.” In addition, for signals that may be transmitted in both the uplink and downlink (e.g., DMRS, PTRS), the signals may be prepended with “UL” or “DL” to distinguish the direction. For example, “UL-DMRS” may be differentiated from “DL-DMRS.” In addition, the term “location” and “position” may be used interchangeably throughout the specification, which may refer to a particular geographical or a relative place.

[0096] FIG. 5 is a diagram 500 illustrating an example pattern of DL-PRS resources within a slot in accordance with various aspect of the present disclosure. A DL-PRS resource may spans within a slot 2, 4, 6, or 12 consecutive symbols with a fully frequencydomain staggered pattern. The pattern illustrated by the diagram 500 may be referred to as a “staggered pattern” or a “frequency-domain staggered pattern,” where theresource elements on which the DL-PRS are transmitted may be staggered in the frequency domain of a given bandwidth such that these resource elements are not adjacent to each other in two consecutive resource elements on the given bandwidth. In addition, while the resource elements on which the DL-PRS are transmitted may be staggered over multiple symbols, the resource elements may occupy the whole bandwidth if they are de-staggered.

[0097] For example, the diagram 500 shows an example DL-PRS resource based on a comb- 2 with 2 symbols pattern, where there is one PRS resource element per every two subcarriers in the frequency domain for two occupying symbols, such as shown at 502. In addition, a set of frequency offsets may be applied to the PRS resource elements in each of the occupying symbols. For example, a frequency offset of {0, 1} may be applied to the comb-2 with 2 symbols pattern, where PRS resource elements on the first occupying symbol may be transmitted with an offset of zero (0) and PRS resource elements on the second occupying symbol may be transmitted with an offset of one (1). As such, the PRS resource elements may also not be adjacent to each other on the time domain. As shown at 504, while the PRS resource elements may be staggered in a given bandwidth (and also on a given time domain), after a UE receives these PRS resource elements, the UE may still able to receive the full bandwidth of the PRS, which may be referred to as de-staggering a staggered pattern or turning a staggered pattern to an unstaggered pattern.

[0098] FIG. 6 is a diagram 600 illustrating example patterns of UL-SRS resource within a slot in accordance with various aspect of the present disclosure. The staggering pattern may also apply to the UL-SRS. For example, the diagram 700 shows example frequency offsets from symbol to symbol for comb sizes 2, 4, and 8 over 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 symbols (e.g., 1-symbol comb-2: {0}; 2-symbol comb-2: {0, 1}; 2-symbol comb-2: {0, 1}; 4-symbol comb-2: {0, 1, 0, 1}; 2-symbol comb-4: {0, 2}; 4-symbol comb-4: {0, 2, 1, 3}; 8-symbol comb-4: {0, 2, 1, 3, 0, 2, 1, 3}; 12-symbol comb-4: {0, 2, 1, 3, 0, 2, 1, 3, 0, 2, 1, 3}; 4-symbol comb-8: {0, 4, 2, 6}; 8-symbol comb-8: {0, 4, 2, 6, 1, 5, 3, 7}; and 12-symbol comb-8: {0, 4, 2, 6, 1, 5, 3, 7, 0, 4, 2, 6}, etc.)

[0099] FIG. 7 is a diagram 700 illustrating an example of configuring comb spacing and offset for an SRS resource in accordance with various aspect of the present disclosure. As shown by FIGs. 5 and 6, various comb spacing and / or offset may be configured for a DL-PRS resource or an UL-SRS resource. For example, with respect to UL- SRS, a comb spacing (e.g., KTC) may be configured (for a UE by a base station or alocation server) as 2, 4, or 8 per SRS resource, which is the spacing between two SRS resource elements (REs) in an OFDM symbol, such as shown by FIG. 6. In addition, a comb offset (e.g., kTc) may also be configured as 0, 1, ..., KTC— 1 per SRS resource, which may determine the REs of the SRS resource (e.g., the starting RE where the SRS resource may occupy every KTCRE within the SRS bandwidth (BW) after the starting RE is determined).

[0100] For example, as shown at 702, when a comb spacing of two and a comb offset of zero (e.g., KTC= 2, kTC= 0) is configured for an SRS resource, the SRS resource may occupy subcarriers# 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 in a symbol. As shown at 704, when a comb spacing of two and a comb offset of one (e.g., KTC= 2, kTC= 1) is configured for an SRS resource, the SRS resource may occupy subcarriers# 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 in a symbol. As shown at 706, when a comb spacing of four and a comb offset of zero (e.g., KTC= 4, kTC= 0) is configured for an SRS resource, the SRS resource may occupy subcarriers# 0, 4, and 8 in a symbol. As shown at 708, when a comb spacing of four and a comb offset of two (e.g., KTC= 4, kTC= 2) is configured for an SRS resource, the SRS resource may occupy subcarriers# 2, 6, and 10 in a symbol.

[0101] In some implementations, the frequency-domain starting position kQof an SRS( ( / <TC+ K | ( / 2) mod Kl ((fcTC+TC / 2) modICkTCotherwise.In the formula above, the bolded parts (e.g., kQmay be related to the starting RE and / or the comb offset for an SRS resource, and the non-bolded part (e.g., n™set, and n^f^) may be related to the starting resource block (RB) of the SRS resource. In one example, in the case of a multi-port SRS resource, all ports of the SRS resource may be configured to be on the same REs and / or comb offset with two expectations. The first one is four (4) SRS ports with a comb spacing of eight (8), where the max number of cyclic shifts (CS) may be six (6). The second is four (4) SRS ports and when the configured cyclic shift is in the second half.

[0102] The parameter ffsetmay be used for SRS for positioning (e.g., to have sample of allREs within different symbols of the SRS resource), and the value of the parameter may be determined based on a table, such as shown by Table 2 below.Table 2 - Example values ofthe offset fc‘ffeetfor SRS as a function ofand IOther than SRS for positioning, the parameter / c()fl etmay be set to zero (0). In the case of SRS for positioning, this may be done for SRS staggering, which may be different from SRS hopping based on a pseudo-random sequence discussed here for the purpose of interference randomization.

[0103] FIG. 8 is a diagram 800 illustrating an example of a coherence joint transmission (CJT) across multiple transmission reception points (TRPs) in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As described in connection with FIG. 4, to determine the position of a UE, the UE may be configured to transmit SRS transmission(s) to a plurality of TRPs. As such, to determine the positions of multiple UEs (which may be in vicinity of each other), multiple UEs may be configured to transmit SRS transmission(s) to multiple TRPs.

[0104] For example, as shown at 810, to determine the positions of a first set of UEs 802, eachUE in the set of UEs 802 may be configured to transmit an SRS transmission to (or to be received by) a first TRP (TRP 1), a second TRP (TRP 2), a third TRP (TRP 3), and a fourth TRP (TRP 4). Similarly, as shown at 812, to determine the positions of a second set of UEs 804, each UE in the set of UEs 804 may be configured to transmit an SRS transmission to (or to be received by) the third TRP (TRP 3), the fourth TRP (TRP 4), a fifth TRP (TRP 5), and a sixth TRP (TRP 6), etc. In some examples, such configuration may be referred to as a coherence joint transmission (CJT) across multiple TRPs (MU) (CJT-MU). In addition, a set of TRPs that is configured to receive an SRS transmission from a UE may be referred to as a cluster, a cluster of TRPs, or a CJT cluster, etc. For example, diagram 800 shows an exampleCJT operation with a cluster of four TRPs (e.g., cluster size = 4) and four UEs (e.g., four TRPs are configured to receive an SRS transmission from each of the four UEs).

[0105] In some scenarios, when a large number of UEs are configured to transmit SRS transmission(s), multiple UEs may be specified / configured to transmit SRS transmission(s) on same OFDM symbol(s). For example, as shown at 814, when aUE 806 is moving towards the third TRP (TRP 3), the UE 806 may be configured to transmit SRS transmission(s) to the third TRP (TRP 3) on the same symbol(s) as one or more UEs 802 and / or one or more UEs 804 which are also transmitting SRS transmission(s) to the third TRP (TRP 3). When a TRP (e.g., the third TRP) receives SRS from multiple UEs at the same symbol(s) (e.g., at the same time / simultaneously), these SRS may cause interference to each other at the TRP, which may be referred to as inter-TRP cross-SRS interference and / or inter-cluster interference in some examples. As such, enhancement for CJT operation across multiple TRPs may be specified by some network to manage SRS interference across different UEs.

[0106] In one example, to mitigate or reduce the inter-TRP cross-SRS interference / inter- cluster interference, a network may apply at least one interference randomization mechanism to the SRS transmissions of multiple UEs. An example of the interference randomization mechanism may be based on group hopping and / or sequence hopping (e.g., in an SRS base sequence domain), where a set of UEs may be configured to transmit SRS transmission(s) based on group / sequence hopping (e.g., transmitting the SRS using a random group / sequence or using different groups / sequences, etc.). In another example, an interference randomization mechanism may be based on comb offset hopping, where a set of UE may be configured to transmit SRS transmission(s) using a random comb offset (e.g., a comb offset value or a set of random comb offset values, etc.), a predefined comb offset pattern, or using different comb offsets.

[0107] In some implementations, the SRS enhancement for managing inter-TRP cross-SRS interference targeting time division duplex (TDD) CJT via SRS capacity enhancement and / or interference randomization may specify one or more constraints, which may include: (1) not consuming additional resources for SRS, (2) reusing existing SRS comb structure, (3) not using new SRS root sequences, or a combination thereof.~(v

[0108] In one example, the comb offset for an SRS resource (e.g., to be used by a UE for transmitting SRS transmission(s)) may be determined based on:mod / Tfc-k'^ may be determined based on an (existing) RRC configured comb offset (kTc)- ^offsetmaY be a value in a comb offset pattern corresponding to symbol Z '(e g., either within SRS resource in Altl or within the group of X consecutive symbols in Alt2). / combo ffset, hoppingo)maY be a comb offset hopping formula that determines comb offset value common to all symbols of the group of X consecutive symbols. The formula may be written based on a pseudo-random sequence c(i).may be the slot number within a frame, and 10may be the symbol number (within a slot) of the first symbol of the group of X consecutive symbols. XTCmay be the comb spacing.

[0109] In some implementations, for SRS interference randomization (e.g., applying at least one interference randomization mechanism to transmission of SRS), a network may be configured to support both cyclic shift hopping and comb offset hopping. For purposes of the present disclosure, cyclic shift hopping, may refer to hopping of a set of “cyclic shifts.” When an uplink transmission (e.g., a PUCCH, an SRS, etc.) is configured for a UE, the uplink transmission may be associated with a cyclic shift configuration. For example, a UE may be configured to apply cyclic shift hopping for a PUCCH channel. The cyclic shift a may vary as a function of the symbol and slot number according mod JV®6j .is the slot number in the radio frame. I is the OFDM symbol number in the PUCCH transmission where I = 0 corresponds to the first OFDM symbol of the PUCCH transmission. I' is the index of the OFDM symbol in the slot that corresponds to the first OFDM symbol of the PUCCH transmission in the slot given.m° is given for PUCCH format 0 and 1 while for PUCCH format 3 and 4 may be defined in another way. '"cs = 0except for PUCCH format 0 when it depends on the information to be transmitted. mintis given by mint=for PUCCH formats 0 and 1 if PUCCH shall use interlaced mapping according to any of the higher-layer parameters uselnterlacePUCCH-PUSCH in BWP-UplinkCommon or uselnterlacePUCCH- PUSCH inthe resource block number within the interlace; mint= 0 otherwise. The functionisgiven by=-l- QI + m) where the pseudo-randomsequence is defined. The pseudo-random sequence generator may be initialized withCinit ="H ), where ”IDis given by the higher-layer parameter hoppingid if configured, otherwisenID=D1- The “alpha” parameter a may refer to the cyclic shift which, in the case of hopping, it is changing across time. This “alpha” parameter may be used to derive a sequence (e.g., for Low-PAPR sequence generation). For example, the low-PAPR sequenceis defined by a base sequence ru v(n) according=is the length of the sequence. Base sequences ru v(n) are divided into groups, where u G {0,1, ... ,29} is the group number and v is the base sequence number within the group, such that each group contains one base sequence ( = 0) of length M = mN^ / 2s, 1 / 2 < m 2s. The sequenceu v(0), ... , ru v(M — 1) is definedn = 0, ... ,M — 1 where the definition of ru v(i) depends on the sequence length. In addition, when a network supports both cyclic shift hopping and comb offset hopping, the network may configure these two features separately for a UE. For example, the network may configure a combined cyclic shift hopping and comb offset hopping for a UE, the network may separate or combine the cyclic shift hopping and / or comb offset hopping with SRS sequence group hopping / sequence hopping, and / or the network may associate the cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping with UE capability.

[0110] In some implementations, for SRS comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping, for each SRS port, the hopping pattern may be determined based on a pseudo-random sequence c(i), initialized with one of the following IDs: (1) reuse an SRS sequence identity n ID SRS, and / or (2) a (new) defined / customized ID(s) (e.g., may be a value range, one new ID or two separate new IDs, default ID(s), etc.).

[0111] In some implementations, for SRS comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping, the time-domain hopping behavior may be configured to depend on at least a slot index (e.g., ws, fp) within a radio frame and OFDM symbol index / , and select at least one of the following options. Option 1: within a slot, hopping may be based on the repetition factor R and symbol index that is the same across the R repetitions; Option 2: within a slot, hopping may be based on just the symbol index f; and Option 3: no intra-slot hopping. In some examples, time domain hopping behavior may further depend on system frame number (SFN) / / f, and reinitialization periodicity of N radio frames or reinitialization may be based on SFN. In some examples, the network may also determine whether to adopt the same option(s) for comb offset hopping and cyclicshift hopping (if they are supported separately). In some examples, the network may be configured to at least support reinitialization at the beginning of each radio frame.

[0112] FIG. 9 is a communication flow 900 illustrating an example positioning procedure for multi-round trip time (RTT) in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The numberings associated with the communication flow 900 do not specify a particular temporal order and are merely used as references for the communication flow 900. In addition, a DL-only and / or an UL-only positioning may use just a subset or subsets of this multi-RTT positioning procedure.

[0113] At 910, an LMF 906 may request one or more positioning capabilities from a UE 902 (e.g., from a target device). In some examples, the request for the one or more positioning capabilities from the UE 902 may be associated with an LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP). For example, the LMF 906 may request the positioning capabilities of the UE 902 using an LPP capability transfer procedure / message.

[0114] At 912, the LMF 906 may request a serving base station 904 to provide UL SRS configuration information for the UE 902 (e.g., configured for the UE 902 by the serving base station 904). The LMF 906 may also provide assistance data (AD) specified by the serving base station 904 (e.g., pathloss reference, spatial relation, and / or SSB configuration(s), etc.). In some examples, the request for the UL SRS configuration information (or for positioning information) may be associated with an NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa). For example, the LMF 906 may send anNRPPa positioning information request message to the serving base station 904 to request the UL SRS configuration information (or for positioning information) for the UE 902.

[0115] At 914, the serving base station 904 may determine resources available for UL SRS, and at 916, the serving base station 904 may configure the UE 902 with one or more UL SRS resource sets based on the available resources.

[0116] At 918, the serving base station 904 may provide UL SRS configuration information to the LMF 906, such as via an NRPPa positioning information response message.

[0117] At 920, the LMF 906 may select one or more candidate neighbor base stations (BSs) / TRPs 908, and the LMF 906 may provide an UL SRS configuration to the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 908 and / or the serving base station 904, such as via an NRPPa measurement request message. The message may include information for enabling the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 908 and / or the serving base station to perform the UL measurements.

[0118] At 922, the LMF 906 may send a provide assistance data message (e.g., an LPP provide assistance data message) to the UE 902. The provide assistance data message may include specified assistance data for the UE 902 to perform the DL measurements.

[0119] At 924, the LMF 906 may send a request location information message (e.g., an LPP request location information message) to the UE 902 to request multi-RTT measurements.

[0120] At 926, for semi-persistent or aperiodic UL SRS, the LMF 906 may request the serving base station 904 to activate / trigger the UL SRS in the UE 902. For example, the LMF 906 may request activation of UE SRS transmission by sending an NRPPa positioning activation request message to the serving base station 904.

[0121] At 928, the serving base station 904 may activate the UE SRS transmission and send an NRPPa positioning activation response message. In response, the UE 902 may begin the UL-SRS transmission according to the time domain behavior of UL SRS resource configuration.

[0122] At 930, the UE 902 may perform the DL measurements from the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 908 and / or the serving base station 904 provided in the assistance data. At 932, each of the configured one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 908 and / or the serving base station 904 may perform the UL measurements.

[0123] At 934, the UE 902 may report the DL measurements to the LMF 906, such as via an LPP provide location information message.

[0124] At 936, each of the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 908 and / or the serving base station 904 may report the UL measurements to the LMF 906, such as via an NRPPa measurement response message.

[0125] At 938, the LMF 906 may determine the RTTs from the UE 902 and BS / TRP Rx-Tx time difference measurements for each of the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 908 and / or the serving base station 904 for which corresponding UL and DL measurements were provided at 934 and 936, and the LMF 906 may calculate the position of the UE 902.

[0126] FIG. 10 is a diagram 1000 illustrating an example of a positioning information request message in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As discussed in connection with 912 of FIG. 9, this positioning information request message may besent by an LMF (e.g., the LMF 906) to request positioning information (e.g., from an LMF to an NG-RAN node).

[0127] FIG. 11 is a diagram 1100 illustrating an example of requested SRS transmission characteristics in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. This information element (IE) may contain a requested SRS configuration for a UE (e.g., the UE 902).

[0128] FIG. 12 is a diagram 1200 illustrating an example of a positioning information response message in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. As discussed in connection with 918 of FIG. 9, this positioning information response message may be sent by a base station (e.g., from an NG-RAN node to an LMF) to provide positioning information.

[0129] FIG. 13 is a diagram 1300 illustrating an example of an SRS configuration in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. This IE may contain SRS configuration configured by a base station (e.g., an NG-RAN node, the base station 904, etc.) for a UE (e.g., the UE 902), such as described in connection with 916 of FIG. 9.

[0130] FIG. 14 is a diagram 1400 illustrating an example of an SRS resource in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. This IE may contain SRS resource.

[0131] Aspects presented herein may enable a location server (e.g., an LMF) and one or more base stations (e.g., gNB(s)) to communicate with each other for supporting and configuring interference randomization for positioning reference signals, such as SRS.

[0132] In one aspect, a UE may transmit, to an LMF, a UE capability reporting for SRS for positioning, which may include a UE reporting whether it is capable of applying comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping to SRS for positioning (e.g., this capability may be associated with the LPP capability reporting). For purposes of the present disclosure, “UE capability reporting” may refer to a capability reporting that goes through RRC signaling, where the consumer of that signaling may be a base station (e.g., the serving gNB). The “LPP capability reporting” may refer to a capability reporting from a UEthat uses an LPP protocol, which means that the consumer of that signaling may be a location server (e.g., an LMF) instead of a base station (e.g., the serving gNB - it may be transparent / pass-through with regards to the serving gNB). The “SLPP capability reporting” may refer to a capability reporting using an SLPP protocol (e.g., between 2 UEs). In another aspect, in a requested SRS transmissioncharacteristics message (e.g., as shown by FIG. 11) from a location server (e.g., an LMF) to a serving base stations (e.g., the serving gNB), the requested SRS transmission characteristics message may include the location server requesting a serving base station to configure a UE with SRS for positioning and with comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping. For example, the location server may request / indicate whether the SRS for positioning is to have comb-offset hopping, cyclic shift hopping, or both. In another aspect, in an SRS configuration message (e.g., as shown by FIG. 13) form a base station (e.g., a gNB) to a location server (e.g., an LMF), the SRS configuration message may include a set of configuration parameters for SRS with comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping, or whether such feature(s) (e.g., comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping) are supported or not supported by the base station (e.g., the serving base station). In another aspect, in a measurement request message form a location server (e.g., an LMF) to a base station (e.g., a gNB), the location server may inform a base station to measure an SRS that has comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping, or both configured. In another aspect, a base station (e.g., a gNB) may respond (e.g., to a location server / LMF) whether eventually a different hopping pattern (e.g., a sub-hop pattern) was activated / triggered. In another aspect, as the feature(s) of SRS cyclic-shift hopping and / or comb-offset hopping may not be supported by a base station, a base station (e.g., a neighboring base station / gNB) may indicate that the measurement was not successful (e.g., a measurement for SRS transmitted by a UE based on cyclic-shift hopping and / or comb-offset hopping), and the base station may provide the reason (e.g., cyclic-shift hopping and / or sequence hopping feature not supported by the base station).

[0133] FIG. 15 is a communication flow 1500 illustrating an example positioning procedure associated with SRS comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure. The numberings associated with the communication flow 1500 do not specify a particular temporal order and are merely used as references for the communication flow 1500. For purposes of the present disclosure, SRS cyclic shift hopping may refer to applying cyclic shift hopping to transmission(s) of SRS (e.g., by a UE), and SRS comb offset hopping may refer to applying comb offset hopping to transmission(s) of SRS (e.g., by a UE). The SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the SRS comb offset hopping may be abbreviated as “SRS CS / CO hopping” for ease of illustration. In addition, while examples in FIG. 15 usesounding reference signal (SRS) for positioning for illustration, aspects presented herein may also apply to other types of reference signals (RSs) associated with positioning, such as sidelink position signal (SPS).

[0134] At 1510, during a capability transfer procedure (e.g., an LPP capability transfer procedure, a slide capability transfer procedure, etc.), an LMF 1506 (e.g., a location server) may request a UE 1502 to provide one or more positioning capabilities of the UE 1502, which may include capabilities related to applying at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping to one or more SRS transmissions (or sidelink positioning reference signal (PRS) transmissions). In some examples, the request to provide the one or more positioning capabilities may be associated with an LPP procedure or a sidelink procedure. For example, the LMF 1506 may send the request for positioning capabilities to the UE 1502 using an LPP request capabilities message or a sidelink message (e.g., via sidelink positioning protocol (SLPP) capability reporting).

[0135] At 1512, during the capability transfer procedure, in response to the request from the LMF 1506 (at l510) or based on the UE 1502’ s own initiative (e.g., without arequest), the UE 1502 may respond / indicate, to the LMF 1506, its capability to transmit SRS for positioning (or sidelink referenced signal for positioning) with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. Similarly, the response / indication to provide the capability may be associated with an LPP procedure or a sidelink procedure. For example, the UE 1502 may send its capability to transmit SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping to the LMF 1506 using an LPP provide capabilities message or a sidelink message.

[0136] At 1514, if the UE 1502 is capable of transmitting SRS (or sidelink PRS) for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping, the LMF 1506 may request a serving base station 1504 to configure the UE 1502 with SRS (or sidelink PRS) for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. For example, the LMF 1506 may indicate / request the SRS (or sidelink PRS) for positioning to include the cyclic shift hopping, the comb offset hopping, or both. The LMF 1506 may also provide assistance data (AD) specified by the serving base station 1504 (e.g., pathloss reference, spatial relation, and / or SSB configuration(s), etc.). In some examples, the request for configuring the UE 1502 with SRS (or sidelink PRS) for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping may be associated with an NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) procedure ora sidelink procedure. For example, the LMF 1506 may send this request to the serving base station 1504 via an NRPPa positioning information request message (e.g., via a requested SRS transmission characteristics IE as shown by FIG. 11) or a sidelink message.

[0137] At 1516, the serving base station 1504 may determine resources available for SRS (or side link PRS), and at 1518, the serving base station 1504 may configure the UE 1502 with a set of SRS (or sidelink PRS) resources based on the available resources, where the configuration may also indicate / configure the UE 1502 to apply at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping and the related parameters for applying the cyclic shift hopping / comb offset hopping (e.g., based on the request from the LMF 1506 at 1514). In some examples, if the serving base station 1504 does not support the cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping, the base station 1504 may also indicate to the UE 1502 regarding its incapability to support the cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping.

[0138] At 1520, the serving base station 1504 may provide SRS (or sidelink PRS) configuration information to the LMF 1506, such as via an NRPPa positioning information response message. The configuration information may also include the cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping and their related parameters configured for the SRS (or sidelink PRS) to be transmitted by the UE 1502.

[0139] At 1522, in the case of semi-persistent or aperiodic SRS, the LMF 1506 may request activation of UE SRS (or sidelink PRS) transmission by sending a positioning activation request message (e.g., an NRPPa positioning activation request message) to the serving base station 1504 (e.g., the serving base station of the UE 1502). The positioning activation request message may also include configuration associated with transmitting SRS (or sidelink PRS) with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping (e.g., if it is different or if the serving base station 1504 has not received it yet, etc.).

[0140] At 1524, based on the positioning activation request from the LMF 1506 (at 1522), the serving base station 1504 may activate the UE SRS (or sidelink PRS) transmission (e.g., activate the UE 1502 to transmit SRS or sidelink PRS), and at 1526, the serving base station 1504 may send a positioning activation response message (e.g., an NRPPa positioning activation response message) to the LMF 1506 reporting / confirming the activation of the SRS transmission. Based on the activation of SRS (or sidelink PRS) transmission (e.g., received at 1524) and the SRS (or sidelink PRS) configuration(e.g., received at 1518), the UE 1502 may begin to transmit SRS (or sidelink PRS) transmission(s) with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping (and also according to the time domain behavior of SRS resource configuration). In some implementations, at 1526, the serving base station 1504 may also report, to the LMF 1506, whether eventually a different cyclic shift hopping pattern and / or a different comb offset hopping pattern was activated / triggered for the UE 1502 (e.g., at 1524) if different cyclic shift / comb offset hopping pattern(s) are applied.

[0141] At 1528, the LMF 1506 may select one or more candidate neighbor base stations (BSs) / TRPs 1508, and the LMF 1506 may provide an SRS configuration to the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 (and also the serving base station 1504), such as via a measurement request message (e.g., an NRPPa measurement request message). The measurement request message may include information for enabling the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 (and also the serving base station 1504) to perform the SRS measurements. In some examples, the LMF 1506 may also inform the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 (e.g., via the measurement request message) regarding whether at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping is configured for the SRS transmission(s) from the UE 1502.

[0142] At 1530, each of the configured one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 and / or the serving base station 1504 may perform the UL SRS measurements based on the SRS transmission(s) from the UE 1502 (e.g., with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping).

[0143] At 1532, each of the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 and / or the serving base station 1504 may report the UL SRS measurements to the LMF 1506, such as via a measurement response message (e.g., an NRPPa measurement response message). In some examples, as the feature of SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may not be supported by a base station (e.g., by at least one of the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508), a candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 that does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may indicate to the LMF 1506 that the UL SRS measurement was not successful, and the candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 may also provide a reason to the LMF 1506 indicating why the UL SRS measurement was not successful, such as indicating that the candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping feature.

[0144] At 1534, the LMF 1506 may request the serving base station 1504 to deactivate the positioning (e.g., to terminate the positioning session for the UE 1502), such as by sending a positioning deactivation message (e.g., an NRPPa positioning deactivation message). Then, at 1536, the serving base station 1504 may deactivate the SRS transmission at the UE 1502 (e.g., may apply to the case of semi-persistent or aperiodic SRS), such as by sending an SRS deactivation message to the UE 1502.

[0145] At 1538, the LMF 1506 may determine the position of the UE 1502 based on the UL SRS measurements from the serving base station 1504 and the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508, such as described in connection with FIGs. 4 and 9.

[0146] Aspects described above may enable a location server (e.g., anLMF) and one or more base stations (e.g., gNB(s)) to communicate with each other for supporting and configuring interference randomization for positioning reference signal, such as SRS. In one embodiment, UE capability may indicate whether a UE is capable of comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping for SRS-for-positioning. In one embodiment, aUE is configured with comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping in an SRS configuration message. In one embodiment, gNB may indicate if a measurement is not successful and provide that comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping is not supported. LMF may proactively indicate to the gNB to not perform a measurement if comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping is not supported by a gNB.

[0147] FIG. 16 is a flowchart 1600 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE (e.g., the UE 104, 404, 806, 902, 1502; the apparatus 1804). The method may enable the UE to be configured to transmit SRS transmission(s) with at least one of comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping.

[0148] At 1602, the UE may transmit, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1512, during the capability transfer procedure, in response to the request from the LMF 1506 (at 1510) or based on the UE 1502’s own initiative (e.g., without arequest), the UE 1502 may respond / indicate, to the LMF 1506, its capability to transmit SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. The transmission of the indication may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular basebandprocessor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0149] In one example, to transmit the indication, the UE may transmit the indication via LPP capability reporting or sidelink positioning protocol (SLPP) capability reporting.

[0150] At 1604, the UE may receive, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1518, the UE 1502 may receive a configuration from the serving base station 1504 that configures a set of SRS resources for the UE 1502, where the configuration may also indicate / configure the UE 1502 to apply at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping and the related parameters for applying the cyclic shift hopping / comb offset hopping. The reception of the configuration may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0151] In one example, the UE may transmit, based on the configuration, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, based on the activation of SRS transmission (e.g., received at 1524) and the SRS configuration (e.g., received at 1518), the UE 1502 may begin to transmit SRS transmission(s) with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping (and also according to the time domain behavior of SRS resource configuration). The transmission of the set of RSs for positioning may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0152] In another example, the set of RSs for positioning may include at least one of: a set of SRSs or a set of sidelink positioning references signals (PRSs).

[0153] In another example, to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, the UE may transmit, to a set of network nodes, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping. In some implementations, the set of network nodes may correspond to a set of base stations, a set of TRPs, or a combination thereof.

[0154] In another example, the UE may receive, from a base station, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is activated based on the second indication, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1524, the UE 1502 may receive an SRS transmission activation message from the base station 1504. Based on the activation of SRS transmission (e.g., received at 1524) and the SRS configuration (e.g., received at 1518), the UE 1502 may begin to transmit SRS transmission(s) with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping. The reception of the second indication may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0155] In another example, the UE may receive, from the base station subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is deactivated based on the third indication, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1536, the UE 1502 may receive an SRS deactivation message from the serving base station 1504. The reception of the third indication may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0156] In another example, to receive the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning, the UE may receive, from a base station, the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning.

[0157] FIG. 17 is a flowchart 1700 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a UE (e.g., the UE 104, 404, 806, 902, 1502; the apparatus 1804). The method may enable the UE to be configured to transmit SRS transmission(s) with at least one of comb offset hopping and / or cyclic shift hopping.

[0158] At 1702, the UE may transmit, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1512, during the capability transfer procedure, in response to the request from the LMF 1506 (at l510) or based on the UE 1502’ s own initiative (e.g., without arequest), the UE 1502 may respond / indicate, to the LMF 1506, its capability to transmit SRSfor positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. The transmission of the indication may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0159] In one example, to transmit the indication, the UE may transmit the indication via LPP capability reporting or SLPP capability reporting.

[0160] At 1704, the UE may receive, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1518, the UE 1502 may receive a configuration from the serving base station 1504 that configures a set of SRS resources for the UE 1502, where the configuration may also indicate / configure the UE 1502 to apply at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping and the related parameters for applying the cyclic shift hopping / comb offset hopping. The reception of the configuration may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0161] In one example, as shown at 1708, the UE may transmit, based on the configuration, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, based on the activation of SRS transmission (e.g., received at 1524) and the SRS configuration (e.g., received at 1518), the UE 1502 may begin to transmit SRS transmission(s) with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping (and also according to the time domain behavior of SRS resource configuration). The transmission of the set of RSs for positioning may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0162] In another example, the set of RSs for positioning may include at least one of: a set of SRSs or a set of sidelink PRSs.

[0163] In another example, to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, the UE may transmit, to a set of network nodes, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offsethopping or the cyclic shift hopping. In some implementations, the set of network nodes may correspond to a set of base stations, a set of TRPs, or a combination thereof.

[0164] In another example, as shown at 1706, the UE may receive, from a base station, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is activated based on the second indication, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1524, the UE 1502 may receive an SRS transmission activation message from the base station 1504. Based on the activation of SRS transmission (e.g., received at 1524) and the SRS configuration (e.g., received at 1518), the UE 1502 may begin to transmit SRS transmission(s) with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping. The reception of the second indication may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0165] In another example, as shown at 1710, the UE may receive, from the base station subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is deactivated based on the third indication, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1536, the UE 1502 may receive an SRS deactivation message from the serving base station 1504. The reception of the third indication may be performed by, e.g., the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198, the transceiver(s) 1822, the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, and / or the application processor(s) 1806 of the apparatus 1804 in FIG. 18.

[0166] In another example, to receive the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning, the UE may receive, from a base station, the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning.

[0167] FIG. 18 is a diagram 1800 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1804. The apparatus 1804 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or may implement UE functionality. In some aspects, the apparatus 1804 may include at least one cellular baseband processor 1824 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1822 (e.g., cellular RF transceiver). The cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 may include at least one on-chip memory 1824'. In some aspects,the apparatus 1804 may further include one or more subscriber identity modules (SIM) cards 1820 and at least one application processor 1806 coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 1808 and a screen 1810. The application processor(s) 1806 may include on-chip memory 1806'. In some aspects, the apparatus 1804 may further include a Bluetooth module 1812, a WLAN module 1814, an ultrawide band (UWB) module 1838, an SPS module 1816 (e.g., GNSS module), one or more sensor module s 1818 (e.g., barometric pressure sensor / altimeter; ultrawide band (UWB) sensor, motion sensor such as inertial measurement unit (IMU), gyroscope, and / or accelerometer(s); light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio assisted detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), magnetometer, audio and / or other technologies used for positioning), additional memory modules 1826, a power supply 1830, and / or a camera 1832. The Bluetooth module 1812, the WLAN module 1814, the UWB module 1838, and the SPS module 1816 may include an on- chip transceiver (TRX) (or in some cases, just a receiver (RX)). The Bluetooth module 1812, the WLAN module 1814, the UWB module 1838, and the SPS module 1816 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or utilize the antennas 1880 for communication. The cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 communicates through the transceiver(s) 1822 via one or more antennas 1880 with the UE 104 and / or with an RU associated with a network entity 1802. The cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 and the application processor(s) 1806 may each include a computer-readable medium / memory 1824', 1806', respectively. The additional memory modules 1826 may also be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory 1824', 1806', 1826 may be non-transitory. The cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 and the application processor(s) 1806 are each responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer- readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 / application processor(s) 1806, causes the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 / application processor(s) 1806 to perform the various functions described supra. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 / application processor(s) 1806 when executing software. The cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 / application processor(s) 1806 may be a component of the UE 350 and may include the at least one memory 360 and / or at least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. In one configuration,the apparatus 1804 may be at least one processor chip (modem and / or application) and include just the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 and / or the application processor(s) 1806, and in another configuration, the apparatus 1804 may be the entire UE (e.g., see UE 350 of FIG. 3) and include the additional modules of the apparatus 1804.

[0168] As discussed supra, the comb offset I cyclic shift hopping application component 198 may be configured to transmit, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping. The comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198 may also be configured to receive, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping. The comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198 may be within the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824, the application processor(s) 1806, or both the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 and the application processor(s) 1806. The comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithm, stored within a computer- readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform the stated processes / algorithm individually or in combination. As shown, the apparatus 1804 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the apparatus 1804, and in particular the cellular baseband processor(s) 1824 and / or the application processor(s) 1806, may include means for transmitting, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping. The apparatus 1804 may further include means for receiving, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0169] In one configuration, the means for transmitting the indication may include configuring the apparatus 1804 to transmit the indication via LPP capability reporting or SLPP capability reporting.

[0170] In another configuration, the apparatus 1804 may further include means for transmitting, based on the configuration, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0171] In another configuration, the set of RSs for positioning may include at least one of: a set of SRSs or a set of sidelink PRSs.

[0172] In another configuration, the means for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping may include configuring the apparatus 1804 to transmit, to a set of network nodes, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping. In some implementations, the set of network nodes may correspond to a set of base stations, a set of TRPs, or a combination thereof.

[0173] In another configuration, the apparatus 1804 may further include means for receiving, from a base station, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is activated based on the second indication.

[0174] In another configuration, the apparatus 1804 may further include means for receiving, from the base station subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is deactivated based on the third indication.

[0175] In another configuration, the means for receiving the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning may include configuring the apparatus 1804 to receive, from a base station, the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning.

[0176] The means may be the comb offset / cyclic shift hopping application component 198 of the apparatus 1804 configured to perform the functions recited by the means. As described supra, the apparatus 1804 may include the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. As such, in one configuration, the means may be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.

[0177] FIG. 19 is a flowchart 1900 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a location server (e.g., the one or more location servers 168; the LMF 906, 1506; the network entity 2160). The method may enable the location server (e.g., an LMF) to communicate with one or more base stations (which may be referred to as network node(s)) for configuring a UE SRS for positioning with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping.

[0178] At 1902, the location server may receive an indication of a capability of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1512, during the capability transfer procedure, in response to the request from the LMF 1506 (at l510) or based on the UE 1502’ s own initiative (e.g., without arequest), the LMF 1506 may receive, from the UE 1502, the capability of the UE 1502 to transmit SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. The reception of the indication may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0179] In one example, to receive the indication, the location server may receive the indication via LPP capability reporting or SLPP capability reporting.

[0180] At 1904, the location server may transmit, to a network node based on the indication, a request for a configuration of the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1514, if the UE 1502 is capable of transmitting SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping, the LMF 1506 may request a serving base station 1504 to configure the UE 1502 with SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. The transmission of the request may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0181] In one example, the set of RSs for positioning may include at least one of: a set of SRSs or a set of sidelink PRSs.

[0182] In another example, the network node may be a base station or a TRP of the base station.

[0183] In another example, the location server may receive, from the network node based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1520, the LMF may receive SRS configuration information from the serving base station 1504, such as via an NRPPa positioning information response message. The configuration information may also include the cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping and their related parameters configured for the SRS to be transmitted by the UE 1502. Thereception of the configuration may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21. In some examples, to receive the configuration, the location server may receive the configuration via an SRS configuration message.

[0184] In another example, the location server may transmit, to the network node, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1528, the LMF 1506 may select one or more candidate neighbor base stations (BSs) / TRPs 1508, and the LMF 1506 may provide an SRS configuration to the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 (and also the serving base station 1504), such as via a measurement request message (e.g., an NRPPa measurement request message). The measurement request message may include information for enabling the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 (and also the serving base station 1504) to perform the SRS measurements. The transmission of the second request may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0185] In another example, the location server may receive, from the network node, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmission of the set of RSs, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1526, the serving base station 1504 may also report, to the LMF 1506, whether eventually a different cyclic shift hopping pattern and / or a different comb offset hopping pattern was activated / triggered for the UE 1502 (e.g., at 1524) if different cyclic shift / comb offset hopping pattem(s) are applied. The reception of the notification may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0186] In another example, the location server may receive, from the network node, a second indication of at least one of: an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1532, each of the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 and / orthe serving base station 1504 may report the UL SRS measurements to the LMF 1506, such as via a measurement response message (e.g., an NRPPa measurement response message). In some examples, as the feature of SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may not be supported by a base station (e.g., by at least one of the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508), a candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 that does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may indicate to the LMF 1506 that the UL SRS measurement was not successful, and the candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 may also provide a reason to the LMF 1506 indicating why the UL SRS measurement was not successful, such as indicating that the candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping feature. The reception of the second indication may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0187] FIG. 20 is a flowchart 2000 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a location server (e.g., the one or more location servers 168; the LMF 906, 1506; the network entity 2160). The method may enable the location server (e.g., an LMF) to communicate with one or more base stations (which may be referred to as network node(s)) for configuring a UE SRS for positioning with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping.

[0188] At 2002, the location server may receive an indication of a capability of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1512, during the capability transfer procedure, in response to the request from the LMF 1506 (at 1510) or based on the UE 1502’ s own initiative (e.g., without arequest), the LMF 1506 may receive, from the UE 1502, the capability of the UE 1502 to transmit SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. The reception of the indication may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0189] In one example, to receive the indication, the location server may receive the indication via LPP capability reporting or SLPP capability reporting.

[0190] At 2004, the location server may transmit, to a network node based on the indication, a request for a configuration of the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning usingat least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1514, if the UE 1502 is capable of transmitting SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping, the LMF 1506 may request a serving base station 1504 to configure the UE 1502 with SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. The transmission of the request may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0191] In one example, the set of RSs for positioning may include at least one of: a set of SRSs or a set of sidelink PRSs.

[0192] In another example, the network node may be a base station or a TRP of the base station.

[0193] In another example, as shown at 2006, the location server may receive, from the network node based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1520, the LMF may receive SRS configuration information from the serving base station 1504, such as via an NRPPa positioning information response message. The configuration information may also include the cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping and their related parameters configured for the SRS to be transmitted by the UE 1502. The reception of the configuration may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21. In some examples, to receive the configuration, the location server may receive the configuration via an SRS configuration message.

[0194] In another example, as shown at 2008, the location server may transmit, to the network node, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1528, the LMF 1506 may select one or more candidate neighbor base stations (BSs) / TRPs 1508, and the LMF 1506 may provide an SRS configuration to the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 (and also the serving base station 1504), such as via a measurement request message (e.g., an NRPP a measurement request message). The measurement request message may include information for enabling the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 (and also the servingbase station 1504) to perform the SRS measurements. The transmission of the second request may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0195] In another example, as shown at 2010, the location server may receive, from the network node, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmission of the set of RSs, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1526, the serving base station 1504 may also report, to the LMF 1506, whether eventually a different cyclic shift hopping pattern and / or a different comb offset hopping pattern was activated / triggered for the UE 1502 (e.g., at 1524) if different cyclic shift / comb offset hopping pattern(s) are applied. The reception of the notification may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0196] In another example, as shown at 2012, the location server may receive, from the network node, a second indication of at least one of: an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1532, each of the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508 and / or the serving base station 1504 may report the UL SRS measurements to the LMF 1506, such as via a measurement response message (e.g., an NRPPa measurement response message). In some examples, as the feature of SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may not be supported by a base station (e.g., by at least one of the one or more candidate neighbor BSs / TRPs 1508), a candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 that does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may indicate to the LMF 1506 that the UL SRS measurement was not successful, and the candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 may also provide a reason to the LMF 1506 indicating why the UL SRS measurement was not successful, such as indicating that the candidate neighbor BS / TRP 1508 does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping feature. The reception of the second indication may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197, the network processor(s) 2112, and / or the network interface 2180 of the network entity 2160 in FIG. 21.

[0197] FIG. 21 is a diagram 2100 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a network entity 2160. In one example, the network entity 2160 may be within the core network 120. The network entity 2160 may include at least one network processor 2112. The network processor(s) 2112 may include on-chip memory 2112'. In some aspects, the network entity 2160 may further include additional memory modules 2114. The network entity 2160 communicates via the network interface 2180 directly (e.g., backhaul link) or indirectly (e.g., through a RIC) with the CU 2102. The on-chip memory 2112' and the additional memory modules 2114 may each be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory may be non-transitory. The network processor(s) 2112 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer- readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the corresponding processor(s) causes the processor(s) to perform the various functions described supra. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor(s) when executing software.

[0198] As discussed supra, the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197 may be configured to receive an indication of a capability of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping. The SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197 may also be configured to transmit, to a network node based on the indication, a request for a configuration of the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping. The SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197 may be within the network processor(s) 2112. The SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the stated processes / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform the stated processes / algorithm individually or in combination. The network entity 2160 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the network entity 2160 may include means for receiving an indication of a capability of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping. The network entity 2160 may further include means for transmitting, to a networknode based on the indication, a request for a configuration of the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0199] In one configuration, the means for receiving the indication may include configuring the network entity to receive the indication via LPP capability reporting or SLPP capability reporting.

[0200] In another configuration, the set of RSs for positioning may include at least one of: a set of SRSs or a set of sidelink PRSs.

[0201] In another configuration, the network node may be a base station or a TRP of the base station.

[0202] In another configuration, the network entity 2160 may further include means for receiving, from the network node based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping. In some configurations, to means for receiving the configuration may include configuring the network entity 2160 to receive the configuration via an SRS configuration message.

[0203] In another configuration, the network entity 2160 may further include means for transmitting, to the network node, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0204] In another configuration, the network entity 2160 may further include means for receiving, from the network node, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmission of the set of RSs.

[0205] In another configuration, the network entity 2160 may further include means for receiving, from the network node, a second indication of at least one of: an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof.

[0206] The means may be the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping component 197 of the network entity 2160 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.

[0207] FIG. 22 is a flowchart 2200 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a network node (e.g., the base station 102; the serving base station 904, 1504; the network entity 2402). The method may enable the network node (e.g., a base station) to communicate with a location server (e.g., an LMF) for configuringa UE SRS for positioning with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping.

[0208] At 2202, the network node may receive, from a location server, a request for a configuration of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of a comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1514, if the UE 1502 is capable of transmitting SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping, the serving base station 1504 may receive a request from the LMF 1506 to configure the UE 1502 with SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. The reception of the request may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0209] At 2204, the network node may transmit, to the UE based on the request, the configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1518, the serving base station 1504 may configure the UE 1502 with a set of SRS resources based on the available resources, where the configuration may also indicate / configure the UE 1502 to apply at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping and the related parameters for applying the cyclic shift hopping / comb offset hopping. The transmission of the configuration may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0210] In one example, to transmit the configuration, the network node may transmit the configuration via an SRS configuration message.

[0211] In another example, the network node may transmit, to the location server based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1520, the serving base station 1504 may provide SRS configuration information to the LMF 1506, such as via an NRPPa positioning information response message. The configuration information may also include the cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping and their related parameters configured for the SRS to be transmitted by the UE 1502. The transmission of the configuration may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0212] In another example, the network node may receive, from the location server, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1528, the serving base station 1504 may receive an SRS configuration from the LMF 1506, such as via a measurement request message. The measurement request message may include information for enabling the serving base station 1504 to perform the SRS measurements that may include at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping. The reception of the second request may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0213] In another example, the network node may transmit, to the location server, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmitting the set of RSs, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1526, the serving base station 1504 may also report, to the LMF 1506, whether eventually a different cyclic shift hopping pattern and / or a different comb offset hopping pattern was activated / triggered for the UE 1502 (e.g., at 1524) if different cyclic shift / comb offset hopping pattern(s) are applied. The transmission of the notification may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0214] In another example, the network node may transmit, to the location server, an indication of at least one of an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1532, the serving base station 1504 may report the UL SRS measurements to the LMF 1506, such as via a measurement response message. In some examples, as the feature of SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may not be supported by a base station, a base station that does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may indicate to the LMF 1506 that the UL SRS measurement was not successful, and the base station may also provide a reason to the LMF 1506 indicating why the UL SRS measurement was not successful, such as indicating that the base station does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / orthe comb offset hopping feature. The transmission of the indication may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0215] In another example, the network node may be a base station or a TRP of the base station.

[0216] In another example, the network node may transmit, to the UE, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where an activation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the second indication.

[0217] In another example, the network node may transmit, to the UE subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where a deactivation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the third indication.

[0218] FIG. 23 is a flowchart 2300 of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a network node (e.g., the base station 102; the serving base station 904, 1504; the network entity 2402). The method may enable the network node (e.g., a base station) to communicate with a location server (e.g., an LMF) for configuring a UE SRS for positioning with at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping.

[0219] At 2302, the network node may receive, from a location server, a request for a configuration of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of a comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1514, if the UE 1502 is capable of transmitting SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping, the serving base station 1504 may receive a request from the LMF 1506 to configure the UE 1502 with SRS for positioning with at least one of cyclic shift hopping or comb offset hopping. The reception of the request may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0220] At 2304, the network node may transmit, to the UE based on the request, the configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1518, the serving base station 1504 may configure the UE 1502 with a set of SRS resources based on the available resources, where the configuration may also indicate / configure the UE 1502 to apply at least one of cyclicshift hopping or comb offset hopping and the related parameters for applying the cyclic shift hopping / comb offset hopping. The transmission of the configuration may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0221] In one example, to transmit the configuration, the network node may transmit the configuration via an SRS configuration message.

[0222] In another example, as shown at 2306, the network node may transmit, to the location server based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set ofRSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1520, the serving base station 1504 may provide SRS configuration information to the LMF 1506, such as via an NRPPa positioning information response message. The configuration information may also include the cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping and their related parameters configured for the SRS to be transmitted by the UE 1502. The transmission of the configuration may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0223] In another example, as shown at 2308, the network node may receive, from the location server, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1528, the serving base station 1504 may receive an SRS configuration from the LMF 1506, such as via a measurement request message. The measurement request message may include information for enabling the serving base station 1504 to perform the SRS measurements that may include at least one of the cyclic shift hopping or the comb offset hopping. The reception of the second request may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0224] In another example, as shown at 2310, the network node may transmit, to the location server, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmitting the set of RSs, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1526, the serving base station 1504 may also report, to the LMF 1506, whether eventually a different cyclic shift hopping pattern and / or a different comb offset hopping pattern was activated / triggered for the UE 1502 (e.g., at 1524) if different cyclic shift / comb offsethopping patern(s) are applied. The transmission of the notification may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0225] In another example, as shown at 2312, the network node may transmit, to the location server, an indication of at least one of an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof, such as described in connection with FIG. 15. For example, at 1532, the serving base station 1504 may report the UL SRS measurements to the LMF 1506, such as via a measurement response message. In some examples, as the feature of SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may not be supported by a base station, a base station that does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping may indicate to the LMF 1506 that the UL SRS measurement was not successful, and the base station may also provide a reason to the LMF 1506 indicating why the UL SRS measurement was not successful, such as indicating that the base station does not support the SRS cyclic shift hopping and / or the comb offset hopping feature. The transmission of the indication may be performed by, e.g., the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 and / or the transceiver(s) 2446 of the network entity 2402 in FIG. 24.

[0226] In another example, the network node may be a base station or a TRP of the base station.

[0227] In another example, the network node may transmit, to the UE, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where an activation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the second indication.

[0228] In another example, the network node may transmit, to the UE subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where a deactivation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the third indication.

[0229] FIG. 24 is a diagram 2400 illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a network entity 2402 (which may also be referred to as a network node). The network entity 2402 may be a BS, a component of a BS, or may implement BS functionality. The network entity 2402 may include at least one of a CU 2410, a DU 2430, or an RU 2440. For example, depending on the layer functionality handled by the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199, the network entity 2402may include the CU 2410; both the CU 2410 and the DU 2430; each of the CU 2410, the DU 2430, and the RU 2440; the DU 2430; both the DU 2430 and the RU 2440; or the RU 2440. The CU 2410 may include at least one CU processor 2412. The CU processor(s) 2412 may include on-chip memory 2412'. In some aspects, the CU 2410 may further include additional memory modules 2414 and a communications interface 2418. The CU 2410 communicates with the DU 2430 through a midhaul link, such as an Fl interface. The DU 2430 may include at least one DU processor 2432. The DUprocessor(s) 2432 may include on-chip memory 2432'. In some aspects, the DU 2430 may further include additional memory modules 2434 and a communications interface 2438. The DU 2430 communicates with the RU 2440 through a fronthaul link. The RU 2440 may include at least one RU processor 2442. The RU processor(s) 2442 may include on-chip memory 2442'. In some aspects, the RU 2440 may further include additional memory modules 2444, one or more transceivers 2446, antennas 2480, and a communications interface 2448. The RU 2440 communicates with the UE 104. The on-chip memory 2412', 2432', 2442' and the additional memory modules 2414, 2434, 2444 may each be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory may be non-transitory. Each of the processors 2412, 2432, 2442 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer- readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the corresponding processor(s) causes the processor(s) to perform the various functions described supra. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor(s) when executing software.

[0230] As discussed supra, the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 may be configured to receive, from a location server, a request for a configuration of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of a comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping. The SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 may also be configured to transmit, to the UE based on the request, the configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping. The SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 may be within one or more processors of one or more of the CU 2410, DU 2430, and the RU 2440. The SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to carry out the statedprocesses / algorithm, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithm, stored within a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination thereof. When multiple processors are implemented, the multiple processors may perform the stated processes / algorithm individually or in combination. The network entity 2402 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the network entity 2402 may include means for receiving, from a location server, a request for a configuration of a UE to transmit a set of RSs for positioning using at least one of a comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping. In another configuration, the network entity 2402 may further include means for transmitting, to the UE based on the request, the configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0231] In one configuration, the means for transmitting the configuration may include configuring the network entity 2402 to transmit the configuration via an SRS configuration message.

[0232] In another configuration, the network entity 2402 may further include means for transmitting, to the location server based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0233] In another configuration, the network entity 2402 may further include means for receiving, from the location server, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0234] In another configuration, the network entity 2402 may further include means for transmitting, to the location server, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmitting the set of RSs.

[0235] In another configuration, the network entity 2402 may further include means for transmitting, to the location server, an indication of at least one of an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof.

[0236] In another configuration, the network entity 2402 may be a base station or a TRP of the base station.

[0237] In another configuration, the network entity 2402 may further include means for transmitting, to the UE, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where an activation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the second indication.

[0238] In another configuration, the network entity 2402 may further include means for transmitting, to the UE subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, where a deactivation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the third indication.

[0239] The means may be the SRS comb offset / cyclic shift hopping configuration component 199 of the network entity 2402 configured to perform the functions recited by the means. As described supra, the network entity 2402 may include the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375. As such, in one configuration, the means may be the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and / or the controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.

[0240] It is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts disclosed is an illustration of example approaches. Based upon design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of blocks in the processes / flowcharts may be rearranged. Further, some blocks may be combined or omitted. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various blocks in a sample order, and are not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0241] The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not limited to the aspects described herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language claims. Reference to an element in the singular does not mean “one and only one” unless specifically so stated, but rather “one or more.” Terms such as “if,” “when,” and “while” do not imply an immediate temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, e.g., “when,” do not imply an immediate action in response to or during the occurrence of an action, but simply imply that if a condition is met then an action will occur, but without requiring a specific or immediate time constraint for the action to occur. The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example, instance, or illustration.” Any aspect described herein as “exemplary” is notnecessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term “some” refers to one or more. Combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C “one or more of A, B, or C “at least one of A, B, and C “one or more of A, B, and C and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof’ include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiples of A, multiples of B, or multiples of C. Specifically, combinations such as “at least one of A, B, or C,” “one or more of A, B, or C,” “at least one of A, B, and C,” “one or more of A, B, and C,” and “A, B, C, or any combination thereof’ may be A only, B only, C only, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combinations may contain one or more member or members of A, B, or C. Sets should be interpreted as a set of elements where the elements number one or more. Accordingly, for a set of X, X would include one or more elements. When at least one processor is configured to perform a set of functions, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to perform the set of functions. Accordingly, each processor of the at least one processor may be configured to perform a particular subset of the set of functions, where the subset is the full set, a proper subset of the set, or an empty subset of the set. If a first apparatus receives data from or transmits data to a second apparatus, the data may be received / transmitted directly between the first and second apparatuses, or indirectly between the first and second apparatuses through a set of apparatuses. A device configured to “output” data, such as a transmission, signal, or message, may transmit the data, for example with a transceiver, or may send the data to a device that transmits the data. A device configured to “obtain” data, such as a transmission, signal, or message, may receive, for example with a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a device that receives the data. Information stored in a memory includes instructions and / or data. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later come to be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are encompassed by the claims. Moreover, nothing disclosed herein is dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is explicitly recited in the claims. The words “module,” “mechanism,” “element,” “device,” and the like may not be a substitute for the word “means.” As such, no claim element is to be construed as a means plus function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase “means for.”

[0242] As used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, or the like. In other words, the phrase “based on A” (where “A” may be information, a condition, a factor, or the like) shall be construed as “based at least on A” unless specifically recited differently.

[0243] The following aspects are illustrative only and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein, without limitation.

[0244] Aspect 1 is a method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of reference signals (RSs) for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping; and receiving, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0245] Aspect 2 is the method of aspect 1, wherein transmitting the indication comprises : transmitting the indication via Long-Term Evolution (LTE) positioning protocol (LPP) capability reporting or sidelink positioning protocol (SLPP) capability reporting.

[0246] Aspect s is the method of aspect 1 or aspect2, further comprising: transmitting, based on the configuration, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0247] Aspect 4 is the method of any of aspects 1 to 3, wherein the set of RSs for positioning includes at least one of: a set of sounding reference signals (SRSs) or a set of sidelink positioning references signals (PRSs).

[0248] Aspect 5 is the method of any of aspects 1 to 4, wherein transmitting the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping comprises: transmitting, to a set of network nodes, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0249] Aspect 6 is the method of any of aspects 1 to 5, wherein the set of network nodes corresponds to a set of base stations, a set of transmission reception points (TRPs), or a combination thereof.

[0250] Aspect ? is the method of any of aspects 1 to 6, further comprising: receiving, from a base station, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, wherein the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is activated based on the second indication.

[0251] Aspect 8 is the method of any of aspects 1 to 7, further comprising: receiving, from the base station subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, wherein the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is deactivated based on the third indication.

[0252] Aspect 9 is the method of any of aspects 1 to 8, wherein receiving the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning comprises: receiving, from a base station, the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning.

[0253] Aspect 10 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), including: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to implement any of aspects 1 to 9.

[0254] Aspect 11 is the apparatus of aspect 10, further including at least one of a transceiver or an antenna coupled to the at least one processor.

[0255] Aspect 12 is an apparatus for wireless communication including means for implementing any of aspects 1 to 9.

[0256] Aspect 13 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer executable code, where the code when executed by a processor causes the processor to implement any of aspects 1 to 9.

[0257] Aspect 14 is a method of wireless communication at a location server, comprising: receiving an indication of a capability of a user equipment (UE) to transmit a set of reference signals (RSs) for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping; and transmitting, to a network node based on the indication, a request for a configuration of the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0258] Aspect 15 is the method of aspect 14, wherein receiving the indication comprises receiving the indication via Long-Term Evolution (LTE) positioning protocol (LPP) capability reporting or sidelink positioning protocol (SLPP) capability reporting.

[0259] Aspect 16 is the method of aspect 14 or aspect 15, further comprising: receiving, from the network node based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0260] Aspect 17 is the method of any of aspects 14 to 16, wherein the set of RSs for positioning includes at least one of: a set of sounding reference signals (SRSs) or a set of sidelink positioning references signals (PRSs).

[0261] Aspect 18 is the method of any of aspects 14 to 17, wherein receiving the configuration comprises receiving the configuration via a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration message.

[0262] Aspect 19 is the method of any of aspects 14 to 18, further comprising: transmitting, to the network node, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0263] Aspect 20 is the method of any of aspects 14 to 19, further comprising: receiving, from the network node, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmission of the set of RSs.

[0264] Aspect 21 is the method of any of aspects 14 to 20, further comprising: receiving, from the network node, a second indication of at least one of: an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof.

[0265] Aspect 22 is the method of any of aspects 14 to 21, wherein the network node is a base station or a transmission reception point (TRP) of the base station.

[0266] Aspect 23 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a location server, including : at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to implement any of aspects 14 to 22.

[0267] Aspect 24 is the apparatus of aspect 23, further including at least one of a transceiver or an antenna coupled to the at least one processor.

[0268] Aspect 25 is an apparatus for wireless communication including means for implementing any of aspects 14 to 22.

[0269] Aspect 26 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer executable code, where the code when executed by a processor causes the processor to implement any of aspects 14 to 22.

[0270] Aspect 27 is a method of wireless communication at a network node, comprising: receiving, from a location server, a request for a configuration of a user equipment (UE) to transmit a set of reference signals (RSs) for positioning using at least one ofa comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping; and transmitting, to the UE based on the request, the configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0271] Aspect 28 is the method of aspect 27, further comprising: transmitting, to the location server based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0272] Aspect 29 is the method of aspect 27 or aspect 28, wherein transmitting the configuration comprises transmitting the configuration via a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration message.

[0273] Aspect 30 is the method of any of aspects 27 to 29, further comprising: receiving, from the location server, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

[0274] Aspect 31 is the method of any of aspects 27 to 30, further comprising: transmitting, to the location server, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmitting the set of RSs.

[0275] Aspect 32 is the method of any of aspects 27 to 31, further comprising: transmitting, to the location server, an indication of at least one of: an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof.

[0276] Aspect 33 is the method of any of aspects 27 to 32, wherein the network node is a base station or a transmission reception point (TRP) of the base station.

[0277] Aspect 34 is the method of any of aspects 27 to 33, further comprising: transmitting, to the UE, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, wherein an activation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the second indication.

[0278] Aspect 35 is the method of any of aspects 27 to 34, further comprising: transmitting, to the UE subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, wherein a deactivation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the third indication.

[0279] Aspect 36 is an apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, including : at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at leastone processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to implement any of aspects 18 to 35.

[0280] Aspect 37 is the apparatus of aspect 36, further including at least one of a transceiver or an antenna coupled to the at least one processor.

[0281] Aspect 38 is an apparatus for wireless communication including means for implementing any of aspects 18 to 35.

[0282] Aspect 39 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer executable code, where the code when executed by a processor causes the processor to implement any of aspects 18 to 35.

Claims

CLAIMSWHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to: transmit, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of reference signals (RSs) for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping; and receive, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to transmit the indication, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to: transmit the indication via Long-Term Evolution (LTE) positioning protocol (LPP) capability reporting or sidelink positioning protocol (SLPP) capability reporting.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: transmit, based on the configuration, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the set of RSs for positioning includes at least one of: a set of sounding reference signals (SRSs) or a set of side link positioning references signals (PRSs).

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to: transmit, to a set of network nodes, the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the set of network nodes corresponds to a set of base stations, a set of transmission reception points (TRPs), or a combination thereof.

7. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: receive, from a base station, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, wherein the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is activated based on the second indication.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: receive, from the base station subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, wherein the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is deactivated based on the third indication.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein to receive the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to: receive, from a base station, the configuration for transmitting the set of RSs for positioning.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein to transmit the indication, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to transmit the indication via the transceiver; and wherein to receive the configuration, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to receive the configuration via the transceiver.

11. A method of wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting, to a location server, an indication of a capability to transmit a set of reference signals (RSs) for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping; andreceiving, based on the indication, a configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

12. An apparatus for wireless communication at a location server, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to: receive an indication of a capability of a user equipment (UE) to transmit a set of reference signals (RSs) for positioning using at least one of comb offset hopping or cyclic shift hopping; and transmit, to a network node based on the indication, a request for a configuration of the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein to receive the indication, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to: receive the indication via Long-Term Evolution (LTE) positioning protocol (LPP) capability reporting or sidelink positioning protocol (SLPP) capability reporting.

14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: receive, from the network node based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the set of RSs for positioning includes at least one of: a set of sounding reference signals (SRSs) or a set of side link positioning references signals (PRSs).

16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein to receive the configuration, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to:receive the configuration via a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration message.

17. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: transmit, to the network node, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

18. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: receive, from the network node, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmission of the set of RSs.

19. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: receive, from the network node, a second indication of at least one of: an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof.

20. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the network node is a base station or a transmission reception point (TRP) of the base station.

21. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein to receive the indication, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to receive the indication via the transceiver; and wherein to transmit the request, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to transmit the request via the transceiver.

22. An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising: at least one memory; andat least one processor coupled to the at least one memory and, based at least in part on information stored in the at least one memory, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to: receive, from a location server, a request for a configuration of a user equipment (UE) to transmit a set of reference signals (RSs) for positioning using at least one of a comb offset hopping or a cyclic shift hopping; and transmit, to the UE based on the request, the configuration for a transmission of the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

23. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: transmit, to the location server based on the request, the configuration for the UE to transmit the set of RSs for positioning using at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein to transmit the configuration, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to: transmit the configuration via a sounding reference signal (SRS) configuration message.

25. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: receive, from the location server, a second request to measure the set of RSs for positioning with the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping.

26. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: transmit, to the location server, a notification that a different comb offset hopping pattern or a different cyclic shift hopping pattern is activated or triggered for the UE for transmitting the set of RSs.

27. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to:transmit, to the location server, an indication of at least one of: an unsuccessful measurement for the set of RSs, an incapability to support at least one of the comb offset hopping or the cyclic shift hopping, or a combination thereof.

28. The apparatus of claim 22, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: transmit, to the UE, a second indication to activate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, wherein an activation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the second indication.

29. The apparatus of claim 28, wherein the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is further configured to: transmit, to the UE subsequent to the second indication, a third indication to deactivate the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning, wherein a deactivation of the transmission of the set of RSs for positioning is based on the third indication.

30. The apparatus of claim 22, further comprising a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein to receive the request, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to receive the request via the transceiver; wherein to transmit the configuration, the at least one processor, individually or in any combination, is configured to transmit the configuration via the transceiver.

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