Device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment

Abstract

The device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment (100) comprises a support base (10) for supporting at least the patient's cervical area, a head support assembly (20) for receiving and holding the patient's head, and a cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprising restraining arms mounted on the support base (10) for contacting and restraining the patient shoulders, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

Description

[0001] The present disclosure relates to stabilization and positioning of certain portions of a patient's anatomy, for example, the patient's cervical area, including the shoulders, in the event that an emergency first aid treatment, for example when cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or trauma stabilization, is required.BACKGROUND

[0002] Emergency first aid procedures, e.g. cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped, such as in the event of a heart attack or drowning, or first aid procedures in traumatic situations, should be conducted rapidly and safely, especially when the patient is far from clinics, hospitals, healthcare or medical attention centres, first-aid facilities, etc. and / or in challenging environments.

[0003] Devices for performing rapid emergency procedures are known in the art. For example, a number of devices have been devised for performing CPR that basically comprise a support base for supporting the patient's cervical area and a ventilation mask.

[0004] A disadvantage found in such known devices is that the cooperation of several persons is required for stabilizing the patient in a suitable position while performing a first aid procedure and / or while waiting for further medical assistance. As a result, safety and reliability are not ensured in an emergency situation.

[0005] Document WO2021009403A1 discloses a CPR device that comprises a support base intended to support a patient, a tilting support for the patient's head, mounted on the base, and at least two lateral fastening elements for contacting the sides of head and for adjustably receiving a mask holder. The configuration of said device allows cardiopulmonary resuscitation treatment to be given in many places remote from a hospital and by a single intervener if needed, thereby increasing the survival rate of the patients.

[0006] Despite the previous attempts to provide devices capable of rapidly and safely immobilizing and stabilizing a person in need of an emergency treatment or procedure, a need still exists for more effective devices allowing the target person to be more easily and more properly immobilized, for example, in supine position or other positions as required, in order to allow a first aider to safely perform CPR or trauma stabilization. This is particularly significant when the patient is in difficult, exposed, and / or poorly controlled environments, such as for rescuing drowning swimmers, in accidents in mountains, etc. where no medical personnel is available.SUMMARY

[0007] The present disclosure provides a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy, for example, the patient's cervical area including the shoulders and the scapular region, for first aid procedures, with which the needs in the prior art are met and the problems discussed so far are at least mitigated, in addition to providing a number of additional advantages over the existing devices.

[0008] As it will be explained further below, the present device is advantageous for performing both cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and / or trauma stabilization. In addition to such treatments, the present device may be advantageously used for many other applications where a person requires to be immobilized and / or stabilized in a lying position.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment comprises a support base for supporting at least the patient's cervical area, a head support assembly for receiving and holding the patient's head, and a cervical area restraining arrangement.

[0010] Cervical area refers herein to an area of the patient's body at the top of the spinal cord, located in the neck, just below the skull. It includes the upper central area of the shoulders, preferably including the trapezius muscle and the shoulders. The present device is a stabilizing structure capable of providing effective support to a patient, keeping the cervical spine duly aligned, that is, the spinal column at the level of the cervical vertebrae. Stabilization is provided with the head support assembly together with the cervical area restraining arrangement preferably applied to the muscular anatomical structure of the trapezius muscles. The patient's neck area can be received in a space between the head support assembly and the cervical area restraining arrangement. Free access is thus gained for visual and contact evaluation. Procedures such as ultrasounds, etc., could also be performed, as well as more invasive emergency procedures, such as a cricothyroidotomy. Safety of the intervention and the patient is thus improved.

[0011] The cervical area restraining arrangement according to the first aspect comprises at least one restraining arm mounted on the support base such that it can be pivoted with respect to the support base, towards or away from the head support assembly. In a preferred example, the cervical area restraining arrangement according to the first aspect comprises two spaced apart restraining arms.

[0012] The present device further comprises locking means for locking each restraining arm in one of several different angular positions, contacting and restraining the patient cervical area such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's cervical area including the shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0013] The cervical area restraining arrangement can be disposed at least in a rest position, folded down to the support base and in a working position, pivoted away from the support base for restraining the patient's cervical area including the shoulders. The restraining arms may include a bent portion for receiving the patient's shoulders.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, the cervical area restraining arrangement comprises at least one detachable restraining arm. Said detachable restraining arm is removably attached to the support base in different positions there along, towards or away from the head support assembly to contact and restrain the patient's cervical area. The detachable restraining arm is arranged such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained. In a preferred example, two spaced apart, detachable restraining arms are provided, on opposite sides of the support base, i.e. arranged away from a longitudinal axis of the support base.

[0015] In the second aspect of the present disclosure, the support base includes a series of receiving cavities formed there along and the restraining arms include at least one leg to be inserted in one of the receiving cavities. Said receiving cavities may be of any suitable size, shape, and configuration such as through openings or holes. Such configuration facilitates the restraining arms to be inserted to or removed from the support base for a rapid action.

[0016] The detachable restraining arms of the cervical area restraining arrangement according to the second aspect of the present disclosure are configured such that, in use, a force exerted by the patient's shoulders against the restraining arms tends to lock them to the support base.

[0017] According to one example of the second aspect, each restraining arm is L-shaped such that when inserted into one of the receiving cavities of the support base, it may be slid under the support base towards the head support assembly to lock the restraining arm to the support base.

[0018] Also in the second aspect of the present disclosure, said at least one restraining arm preferably includes a bent portion for receiving the patient's shoulders.

[0019] The support base and the cervical area restraining arrangement may further comprise guide means for facilitating mutual attachment. Said guide means may comprise a groove formed in the support base configured for slidingly receiving a projecting portion of the restraining arms.

[0020] The device according to both the first and second aspects that have been described above is compact and simple in configuration, and a reduced number of parts is involved. This, together with the fact that at least the support base is made by a plastic injection molding process, results in low manufacturing costs.

[0021] Such simple configuration is significant for the applications to which the device is intended, since a safe, reliable, quick and easy assembly is possible even in difficult situations. This is highly important in vital emergency situations where stabilizing and positioning certain portions of the anatomy is required to be performed safely even by unskilled or low-skilled persons.

[0022] It should also be noted that, thanks to the adjustable parts that make up the present device according to any of the first and second aspects, the device is very versatile so that it can be interchangeably applied to men, women, boys, girls, adults, children, young people, elderly people, etc. having different morphological characteristics.

[0023] The present device has been found to meet the needs found in the prior art to save patients in a rapid and effective way, not only in applications such as resuscitation attempts, for life-saving staff in beach rescues, professionals in emergency medical transport, but also in training applications for students and instructors, such as CPR and defibrillator training, health vocational training, medical and nursing degree students, and so on.

[0024] It is important also to note that the present device does not require the interaction of several persons or qualified interveners in order to perform CPR as well as trauma stabilization procedures, and treatments for giving basic life support in general. With the present device, a single intervener or first aider is only required for placing, stabilizing, and positioning a patient and, if required, for ensuring a correct opening of the patient's airways and the continuous supply of oxygen to the patient without the need to interrupt other procedures such as chest compression. No external ventilation equipment is required.

[0025] As a result, an effective, safe, and rapid intervention is made possible by a single, unskilled or low-skilled first aider. The same applies when a patient is required to be placed in a safe position in case of sudden movements, vomiting or convulsions during resuscitation operations, even in cases when the patient has to be moved, e.g. in a vehicle, etc., allowing intubation to be performed if required.

[0026] The survival rate of patients in all of the above described situations is thus increased through the use of the present device.

[0027] A further advantage of the present device is that it can be used in combination with any other devices such as mechanical chest compression devices, mechanical or manual continuous ventilation equipment, etc.

[0028] For reasons of completeness, various aspects of the present disclosure are set out in the following clauses.

[0029] Clause 1. Device (100) for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment, the device (100) comprising: a support base (10) for supporting at least the patient's cervical area; a head support assembly (20) for receiving and holding the patient's head; and a cervical area restraining arrangement (50), wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprises at least one cervical area restraining arms (50a, 50b; 50c, 50d) to be positioned in different positions with respect to the support base (10), towards or away from the head support assembly (20), such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0030] Clause 2. The device (100) of clause 1 wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprises at least two spaced apart cervical area restraining arms (50c, 50d) mounted on the support base (10) such that they can be pivoted with respect to the support base (10), towards or away from the head support assembly (20).

[0031] Clause 3. The device (100) of clause 2, wherein the device (100) further comprises locking means for locking each restraining arm (50c, 50d) in one of several different angular positions, contacting and restraining the patient's shoulders, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0032] Clause 4. The device (100) of clause 2 or 3, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) can be arranged at least in a rest position, folded down to the support base (10), and in a working position, pivoted away from the support base (10) for restraining the patient's shoulders.

[0033] Clause 5. The device (100) of clause 4, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) is arranged at least substantially flush with the support base (10) in the rest position.

[0034] Clause 6. The device (100) of clause 4 or 5, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) can be displaced laterally to the support base (10) before leaving the rest position.

[0035] Clause 7. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprises at least one detachable restraining arm (50a, 50b) that can be removably attached to the support base (10) in different positions there along, towards or away from the head support assembly (20), to contact and restrain the patient's cervical area, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained; and wherein the support base (10) includes a series of receiving cavities (12) formed there along, and the restraining arm (50a, 50b) include at least one leg (51) to be inserted in one of the receiving cavities (12).

[0036] Clause 8. The device (100) of clause 7, wherein the support base (10) and the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) further comprise guide means (16, 56) for facilitating mutual attachment.

[0037] Clause 9. The device (100) of clause 8, wherein the guide means comprise a groove (16) formed in the support base (10) configured for slidingly receiving a protrusion (56) of the restraining arm (50a, 50b).

[0038] Clause 10. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the restraining arms (50c, 50d) includes a bent portion for receiving the patient's shoulders.

[0039] Clause 11. Device (100) for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment, the device (100) comprising a support base (10) for supporting at least the patient's cervical area, and a head support assembly (20) for receiving and holding the patient's head.

[0040] Clause 12. The device (100) of clause 11, wherein the head support assembly (20) is removably attached to the support base (10).

[0041] Clause 13. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the head support assembly (20) is pivotally attached to the support base (10) for arranging the patient's head at a given inclination.

[0042] Clause 14. The device (100) of clause 13, wherein the head support assembly (20) is attached to the support base (10) such that it can be pivoted up to an angle of inclination (a) of 37° with respect to a surface of the support base (10).

[0043] Clause 15. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein it further includes a head holding structure (40) for holding at least two sides of the patient's head.

[0044] Clause 16. The device (100) of clause 15, wherein the head holding structure (40) is attached to the head support assembly (20) at an adjustable height from the support base (10).

[0045] Clause 17. The device (100) of clause 15 or 16, wherein the head holding structure (40) includes two opposite lateral members (40a, 40b) spaced apart at an adjustable distance from each other so that the patient's head can be positioned there between.

[0046] Clause 18. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein a first locking arrangement (30) is provided for locking the head support assembly (20) to the support base (10).

[0047] Clause 19. The device (100) of any of the clauses 15-18, wherein a second locking arrangement (45) is provided for removably coupling the head holding structure (40) to the head support assembly (20).

[0048] Clause 20. The device (100) of any of the clauses 15-19, wherein a third locking arrangement (26) is provided for preventing or allowing rotation of the opposite lateral members (40a, 40b).

[0049] Clause 21. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the support base (10) is adjustable in tilt relative to the horizontal.

[0050] Clause 22. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the head holding structure (40) is pivotally mounted to the head support assembly (20).

[0051] Clause 23. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the support base (10) includes a series of coupling holes (13) for attaching a mechanical chest compression device.

[0052] Clause 24. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein an arrangement (60) for adjustably receiving at least one of a mask holder and a ventilation mask is provided in the head holding structure (40).

[0053] Clause 25. The device (100) of clause 24, wherein the arrangement (60) for receiving at least one of a mask holder and a ventilation mask is configured for adjustably positioning said at least one of a mask holder and a ventilation mask according to at least one of along a longitudinal direction (x) and along a height direction (y) to the support base (10).BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Non-limiting examples of the present disclosure will be described in the following, with reference to the appended drawings.

[0055] In the drawings: Figure 1 is an elevational view of one example of a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, with pivotable restraining arms arranged in a rest position, folded down, flush with the support base, and with a semirigid mask holder arranged in a vertical position holding a ventilation mask; Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views of the example of the device shown in figure 1 with the semirigid mask holder arranged in a vertical position holding a ventilation mask; Figure 2a is a perspective view of the device shown in figures 1-3 with the pivotable restraining arms arranged in an operating position, pivoted away from the support base; Figure 4 is a rear view of the device shown in figures 1-3 as viewed towards the patient's feet; Figure 5 is an elevational view of a further example of a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment according to a second aspect of the present disclosure, with detachable restraining arms and with a semirigid mask holder arranged in a vertical position holding a ventilation mask; Figure 5a is a perspective view of the device shown in figure 5 with the detachable restraining arms removed from the support base and the head holding structure removed from the head support assembly; Figure 5b is a perspective view of the device shown in figure 5 with the head holding structure mounted to the head support assembly in an operating position; Figure 5c is a perspective view of the device shown in figure 5 with the head support assembly rotated to the head support assembly into a rest position; Figure 5d is an enlarged perspective view of the example of the device shown in figures 1-3, with the semirigid mask holder arranged in a vertical position holding a ventilation mask wherein a head support strap is shown; Figures 6 and 7 are perspective views of the example of the device in figure 5; Figure 8 is a rear view of the example of the device shown in figure 5 as viewed towards the patient's feet; Figure 9 is a rear view of another example of the device according to the second aspect of the present disclosure shown in figures 5-8, as viewed towards the patient's head, wherein a flexible mask holder is provided in a horizontal position; Figure 10 is a sectional elevational view taken along line AA of figure 9 with no hatching for the sake of clarity to show the L-shaped legs of the detachable restraining arms; Figure 11 is a perspective view of the example of the device shown in figure 9 with the flexible mask carrier in a horizontal position; Figure 12 is an elevational view of the example of the device shown in figure 9 with the flexible mask carrier in a vertical position showing the detachable restraining arms partially removed from the support base; and Figure 13 is a perspective view of the example of the device shown in figure 9 with the flexible mask carrier in a vertical position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES

[0056] Reference is first made to figures 1-4 of the drawings showing a first example of a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment.

[0057] According to said first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the present device 100 comprises a support base 10. The support base 10 may be of any size depending on the requirements or applications, such as, for example, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), trauma stabilization, etc. For example, the support base 10 of the device 100 according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings is a small wedge-shaped plate, such as for example 465 x 248 mm in size, which has been found to be very efficient for applications on clean and / or even grounds.

[0058] The support base 10 of the device according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings is shorter than the support base 10 of the device 100 according to the second example that is shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings. The support base 10 of the device according to the second example shown in said figures 5-13 of the drawings has been found to be very efficient for applications on dirty and / or uneven grounds.

[0059] In both examples, the support base 10 is configured for supporting at least the patient's cervical area, including the shoulders, and is preferably made by a plastic injection molding process using thermoplastic, such as Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), or thermosetting polymers, as commonly known in the art.

[0060] The support base 10 in both examples may be adjustable in tilt. In particular, a top surface 15 of the support base 10 intended to receive the patient may be inclined at a suitable angle β relative to the bottom surface 11 of the support base 10 such that an optimum degree of inclination is achieved as established in medical protocols. This allows the elevation of the patient's chest to be facilitated. In the examples shown in the figures, the support base 10 is suitably wedge-shaped such that height can be varied allowing tilting of the head support assembly 20 to promote the opening and permeability of the airway.

[0061] A head support assembly 20 is also provided in both examples shown in the figures of the drawings. The head support assembly 20 is pivotally mounted to the support base 10 and is configured for receiving and holding the patient's head. For this purpose, the head support assembly 20 includes a head receiving curved area 22 that is anatomically designed for suitably receiving the patient's head. Foam pads 28 are provided in the head receiving curved area 22 to enhance comfort and ensure a suitable anthropometric adjustment.

[0062] The head support assembly 20 may be removably mounted to the support base 10. such that when it is not being used, the head support assembly 20 can be removed or detached from the support base 10, allowing the whole device 100 to be easily transported and stowed in tight spaces such as in vehicles, for example, ambulances, helicopters, public transport, in-hospital transportation, or even be carried by a person.

[0063] The pivotal movement of the head support assembly 20 allows the patient's head to be positioned at a given angle of inclination α, such as for example an angle of inclination a of 37° with respect to the bottom surface 11 of the support base 10. Other values for the inclination angle α are of course possible depending on the situations, applications, or treatments. For example, in a wide range of emergency first aid treatments, the head support assembly 20 is allowed to pivot up to an angle of inclination α up to 45°, for example, up to 37°, or up to 26° with respect to the bottom surface 11 of the support base 10 depending on the operations to be carried out.

[0064] Means for receiving other devices such as for example a mechanical chest compression device, not shown, may be provided in the support base 10. As shown in the figures of the drawings, said receiving means include a series of coupling holes 13 formed in the support base 10. The coupling holes 13 are intended for receiving a complementary coupling part of another device, for example, a mechanical chest compression device, not shown, to be coupled to the present device 100.

[0065] The position of the head support assembly 20 to the support base 10 can be locked through a first locking arrangement 30. The first locking arrangement 30 includes a toothed portion 21 that is provided in a rear portion of the head support assembly 20, and a release element 31 such as a knob, button, lever or the like that is movably mounted in the support base 10 to engage the toothed portion 21, as shown in figures 3, 4 according to the first example, and in figure 7, 8 according to the second example.

[0066] Said first locking arrangement 30 further comprises biasing means. The biasing means, not shown, are arranged to automatically return the above mentioned release element 31 into a locking condition when not actuated. Although the release element 31 is shown located at a lower location in the device 100, the release element 31 may preferably be provided at a high location in the device 100, i.e., away from the support base 10 and thus away from the floor when the device 100 is in use. As a result, dirt, dust, sand, etc. is prevented from affecting proper operation of the first locking arrangement 30.

[0067] While the release element 31 of the first locking arrangement 30 is not actuated, the biasing means act on the release element 31, i.e. the release knob or button, so that the head support assembly 20 is locked to the support base 10. When the head support assembly 20 is desired to be pivoted to the support base 10, the first aider operates the release element 31 against the biasing means causing the head support assembly 20 to be released from the support base 10.

[0068] The above mentioned biasing means, not shown, may comprise, for example, a plastic leaf spring preferably made of natural or synthetic rubber. The biasing means may be formed of similar or equivalent materials, such as, for example, plastic, neoprene, silicone, nitrile, vinyl, thermoplastic elastomers, etc. Metal is preferably avoided in the biasing means, to allow the device to be used when taking X-ray images and the like.

[0069] In both the first and second examples of the present device 100, a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 is provided.

[0070] In the first example of the present device 100 shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 comprises two spaced apart restraining arms 50c, 50d, one arranged on each side of the support base 10.

[0071] Although not shown in the drawings, the restraining arms 50c, 50d preferably include a bent portion for conveniently receiving the patient's shoulders. The bent portion may be of any shape adapted to suit the patient's anatomy.

[0072] The restraining arms 50c, 50d according to the first example include a foam pad 53 or lining to enhance comfort and ensuring a suitable anthropometric adjustment as shown in figures 1-3.

[0073] The length of the restraining arms 50c, 50d according to the example may be adapted to the patient's anatomy. That is, the restraining arms 50c, 50d according to the first example may be longer or shorter depending on the size and general configuration of the patient's shoulders. The length of the restraining arms 50c, 50d may be fixed or variable. Having restraining arms 50c, 50d with variable length allows a single type of cervical area restraining arrangement 50 to be used for different anatomies. restraining arms 50c, 50d with variable length may include, for example, a telescopic mechanism, not shown, capable of extending and retracting a portion of the restraining arms 50c, 50d according to a given patient's anatomy.

[0074] According to the first example of the present device 100 as shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the restraining arms 50c, 50d are mounted on the support base 10 such that they can be pivoted, for example by a first aider, until each restraining arm 50c, 50d is arranged extending in a position protruding from the support base 10.

[0075] In particular, the restraining arms 50c, 50d according to the first example can be pivoted with respect to the support base 10 according to an angular direction R, towards or away from the head support assembly 20, as shown in figure 1, as it will be detailed below.

[0076] The cervical area restraining arrangement 50 further includes shaft members 54 as shown in figures 1-3 of the drawings, according to the first example. The shaft members 54 are arranged transversely to the support base 10, e.g. on an underside of the support base 10, and slidably mounted with respect to the support base 10. A free end of each shaft member 54 may slide along a cross-direction z, i.e. widthwise, towards and away from a respective side of the support base 10, between a proximate rest position nearer to the side of the support base 10 and a distal operating position, further away from the support base 10.

[0077] Locking means are provided for locking each restraining arm 50c, 50d in one of several different angular positions, contacting and restraining the patient's shoulders, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0078] Specifically, the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 may be provided with locking means configured to lock each restraining arm 50c, 50d with respect to the support base 10 in a desired operating position shown in figure 2a of the drawings, in contact with the patient's shoulders, to properly restrain the patient in position. Said locking means may include, for example, a ratchet locking mechanism. The ratchet locking mechanism is defined by a first set of teeth, not shown, formed in at least one of the free ends of the shaft member 54 engaging a second set of teeth, not shown, formed in one end 55 of at least one of the restraining arm 50c, 50d. Said first and second sets of teeth defining the ratchet locking mechanism are configured such that pivoting of the restraining arms 50c, 50d is only allowed in a direction away from the support base 10 to bring the restraining arms 50c, 50d from at least a rest position into at least an operating position as shown in figure 2a.

[0079] Said locking means further include a sliding release member 52 arranged in at least one of the restraining arms 50c, 50d. Biasing means are also provided to act against said sliding release member 52 to keep the first and second sets of teeth mutually engaged.

[0080] However, other locking means may be alternatively provided such as, for example, including respective arms, not shown in the drawings, each having a first end hinged to the corresponding restraining arm 50c, 50d and a second, opposite end capable of sliding along to the support base 10 according to the desired angular position of the restraining arms 50c, 50d.

[0081] In this way, the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the first example can be arranged in at least said rest position, when not being used, as shown in figures 1-3 of the drawings, with the restraining arms 50c, 50d are folded down, flush with the support base 10. In said rest position, the device 100 takes up little space. This configuration is advantageous for transport and storage purposes.

[0082] The cervical area restraining arrangement 50 can be arranged in at least one operating position, as shown in figure 2a, in which the restraining arms 50c, 50d are pivoted away from the support base 10. For this purpose, the restraining arms 50c, 50d can be pivoted around the angular direction R, for example upwards into a desired adjustable position for contacting and restraining the patient's shoulders until a desired operating position has been reached. In said operating position of the restraining arms 50c, 50d shown in figure 2a of the drawings, a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are therefore maintained, thereby and preventing the movement of the patient in need of CPR or trauma stabilization.

[0083] As described above, due to the provision of the above mentioned shaft members 54, the restraining arms 50c, 50d may be capable of being displaced laterally to the support base 10 along a cross-direction z, before leaving the rest position shown in figures 1, 2, and 3. For this purpose, one end 55 of each restraining arm 50c, 50d is rotatably attached to a corresponding end of the respective shaft member 54. In this way, each restraining arm 50c, 50d can be displaced along the cross-direction z, towards and away from the side of the support base 10, by the movement of the shaft member 54, and then rotated around the angular direction R with respect to the shaft member 54 to be deployed to its operating position in contact with the patient's shoulder.

[0084] For counter rotating the restraining arms 50c, 50d , that is, towards the support base 10 to bring the restraining arms 50c, 50d from the operating position shown in figure 2a into the rest position shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the sliding release member 52 is actuated by the first aider against the biasing means, not shown, to disengage the first and second sets of teeth from each other thereby allowing the restraining arms 50c, 50d to be rotated around the angular direction R towards the support base 10. The restraining arms 50c, 50d can be thus brought from the operating position shown in figure 2a into the rest position shown in said figures 1-4. In this respect, the sliding release member 52 is preferably hook shaped such that pulling on the sliding release member 52 to disengage the first and second sets of teeth from each other by the first aider is facilitated.

[0085] For example, the operation of the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 starting from the rest position shown in figures 1-4, with the restraining arms 50c, 50d folded down to the support base 10, begins by the first aider displacing each restraining arm 50c, 50d along the cross-direction z, laterally out of the support base 10, away from the sides of the support base 10, that is, moving the restraining arms 50c, 50d away from each other. Then, the restraining arms 50c, 50d are rotated around the angular direction R by the first aider away from the support base 10, upwards. As the restraining arms 50c, 50d are rotated, the above mentioned first and second sets of teeth slide on each other until a desired operating position as shown in figure 2a is reached in which the patient's shoulders become duly restrained.

[0086] When the device 100 is not required to be used, the above steps are repeated by the first aider in reverse until the restraining arms 50c, 50d are folded down until they are substantially flush with the support base 10, in the rest position. As described above, this is carried out by displacing the restraining arms 50c, 50d laterally again along the cross-direction z towards the support base 10 moving them towards each other and then actuating the sliding release member 52 against the biasing means to disengage the first and second sets of teeth from each other. As a result, the restraining arms 50c, 50d are allowed to be rotated around the angular direction R towards the support base 10 into said rest position.

[0087] The change in position of the restraining arms 50c, 50d, from the rest position, shown in figures 1-4, to the operating position, shown in figure 2a, and vice versa, is easily and quickly accomplished. It is noted although the restraining arms 50c, 50d are not used in CPR applications they do not interfere with other parts of the device 100.

[0088] It may be envisaged that the restraining arms 50c, 50d may be capable of being pivoted together, or be pivoted independently of each other, as required.

[0089] Figures 5-13 of the drawings illustrate a different type of cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to a second example of the device 100. Said different type of cervical area restraining arrangement 50 may be provided instead of the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 shown in figures 1-4. However, although not shown in the figures of the drawings, the device 100 could be provided with both types of cervical area restraining arrangements 50, that is, the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 and the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the second example shown in figures 5-13.

[0090] The cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the second example shown in figures 5-8 of the drawings include at least two detachable restraining arms 50a, 50b. The detachable restraining arms 50a, 50b can be removably attached to the support base 10 in different positions along the longitudinal direction x of the support base 10.

[0091] In particular, the detachable restraining arms 50a, 50b can be removably attached to the support base 10 in different positions towards or away from the head support assembly 20, to contact and restrain the patient's cervical area, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0092] Although not shown, the restraining arms 50c, 50d may include a bent portion for comfortably receiving the patient's shoulders. The bent portion may be of any shape adapted to suit the patient's anatomy. The restraining arms 50c, 50d further includes a foam pad 53 or lining to enhance comfort and to ensure a suitable anthropometric adjustment.

[0093] The length of the restraining arms 50a, 50b of the second example may be adapted to the patient's anatomy. That is, the restraining arms 50a, 50b may be longer or shorter depending on the size and general configuration of the patient's shoulders. The length of the restraining arms 50a, 50b may be fixed or variable. Having restraining arms 50a, 50b with variable length allows a single type of cervical area restraining arrangement to be used for different anatomies. restraining arms 50a, 50b with variable length may include, for example, a telescopic mechanism, not shown, capable of extending and retracting a portion of the restraining arms 50a, 50b according to a given patient's anatomy.

[0094] According to the second example shown in figures 5-8 of the drawings, the support base 10 further includes a series of receiving cavities 12 formed there along. The receiving cavities 12 may be of any suitable size, shape, and configuration such as recesses or through openings or holes.

[0095] The restraining arms 50a, 50b correspondingly include at least one leg 51 to be inserted in one of said receiving cavities 12 in the support base 10.

[0096] Referring now to figures 10 and 12, the leg 51 of each restraining arm 50a, 50b according to the second example illustrated in the example shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings is L-shaped. More specifically, at least one of the restraining arms 50a, 50b is provided with a number of L-shaped legs 51 to be inserted into corresponding pairs of receiving cavities 12 formed in the support base 10.

[0097] Before insertion of the above mentioned L-shaped legs 51 of the restraining arms 50a, 50b into corresponding receiving cavities12 formed in the support base 10, each restraining arm 50a, 50b is inclined and then slid under the support base 10 within the receiving cavities 12 formed in the support base 10 towards the patient's head and shoulders. Afterward, the restraining arm 50a, 50b becomes properly locked to the support base 10.

[0098] With continued reference to the second example shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings, the restraining arms 50a, 50b include a protrusion 56, as shown in figures 6, 11 and 13, extending outwards there from and formed adjacent said L-shaped legs 51. In the example shown, the protrusion is a straight ridge 56 sized to be inserted into a corresponding guide groove 16 formed in the support base 10. The guide groove 16 may either extend through the entire thickness of the support base 10 or it may be deep enough for proper insertion and sliding of the protrusion or ridge 56 of the restraining arms 50a, 50b.

[0099] The above configuration according to the second example consisting of L-shaped legs 51 and straight ridges 56 formed in the restraining arms 50a, 50b of the cervical area restraining arrangement 50, in combination with receiving cavities 12 and guide grooves 16 formed in the support base 10, define suitable means for facilitating mutual attachment of the restraining arms 50a, 50b and the support base 10. This advantageously helps a first aider to perform a safe, efficient, and rapid coupling. With the described configuration, the first aider is capable of quickly coupling the restraining arms 50a, 50b to the support base 10, right the first time, with no mistakes.

[0100] The present device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy 100 according to both the first example and the second example further includes a head holding structure 40 for holding at least two sides of the patient's head.

[0101] In the first and second examples, the head holding structure 40 comprises two opposite lateral members 40a, 40b connected through a bridge member 40c. The opposite lateral members 40a, 40b are arranged spaced apart at an adjustable distance from each other so that the patient's head can be positioned there between. In the examples shown in the figures, each opposite lateral member 40a, 40b includes a foam pad 49 or lining to enhance comfort and to ensure a suitable anthropometric adjustment.

[0102] In order to avoid collisions of the restraining arms 50c, 50d with other parts such as the lateral members 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40, the device 100 may configured such that the restraining arms 50c, 50d are arranged closer to each other if required.

[0103] Reference is now made to figure 5a and 5b of the drawings showing perspective views of the device wherein the detachable restraining arms 50a, 50b are removed from the support base 10. In figure 5a the head holding structure 40 is removed from the head support assembly 20 while in figure 5b the head holding structure 40 is mounted to the head support assembly 20 in an operating position.

[0104] In general, the head holding structure 40 is adjustably coupled to the head support assembly 20.

[0105] In particular, the head holding structure 40 can be adjusted along the cross-direction. More specifically, a separation distance between the lateral members 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40 can be adjusted along the cross-direction z. For that purpose, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b in the examples corresponding to both examples can be slidingly displaced on respective inclined lateral planes 42 formed in opposite sides of the bridge member 40c, as shown in the figures. Guide grooves 29 are provided in said inclined lateral planes 42 for slidingly receiving corresponding guide ribs formed in each opposite lateral member 40a, 40b.

[0106] As a result of said configuration, as the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b slide on said inclined lateral planes 42 of the bridge member 40c along the height direction y, a distance between the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b along the cross-direction z is varied. In this way, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b are allowed to move towards or away from each other allowing the head holding structure 40 to adapt to the patient's anatomy, suitably holding the sides of the patient's head.

[0107] Furthermore, the head holding structure 40 could be also adjustable along the height direction y if required so that the head holding structure 40 can be attached to the head support assembly 20 at an adjustable height, that is, it can be moved towards and away from the support base 10.

[0108] Furthermore, the head holding structure 40, and thus the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b, can be also adjusted in rotation. Specifically, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b can be arranged in a rest position, as shown in figure 5c, with the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b pivoted away from the support base 10 so as to be positioned at least substantially close to vertical for allowing a patient's head to be received therebetween. The opposite lateral members 40a, 40b can also be arranged in an operating position, as shown in the rest of the figures, with the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b be pivoted towards the support base 10 so as to be positioned at least substantially close to horizontal for suitably holding the sides of the patient's head.

[0109] For allowing the pivotal movement of the head holding structure 40 to the head support assembly 20, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b and the bridge member 40c are clamped to a shaft 23 that is fixedly formed in the head support assembly 20, as shown in figures 1, 3, 5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 7, 10, and 12 of the drawings.

[0110] A second locking arrangement is provided for removably coupling the head holding structure 40 to the head support assembly 20. The second locking arrangement is, in both examples, a quick release coupling mechanism 45. Said quick release coupling mechanism 45 comprises a safety tab 46 configured to releasably lock the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b to the head support assembly 20.

[0111] The safety tab 46 is preferably of an nature such that when it is not actuated, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 4o0 are locked to the head support assembly 20, and when the head holding structure 40 is desired to be released from the head support assembly 20, the first aider pulls on the safety tab 46 causing the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b to be released from the head support assembly 20.

[0112] In the first and second examples shown in figures of the drawings, each lateral member 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40 includes an arrangement 60 for adjustably receiving a mask holder 65. Specifically, the mask holder receiving arrangement 60 is configured for adjustably positioning a mask holder 65 along at least one of the longitudinal direction x and the height direction y.

[0113] The mask holder 65 may be made of a semirigid material, as shown in the examples of figures 1, 2, 2a, 5, 5d, 6 and 7 of the drawings. The mask holder 65 includes a main body configured to hold a ventilation mask 62. The main body of the mask holder 65 extends into lateral strips 66, 67 including teeth 68 intended for locking the mask holder 65 in position when said lateral strips 66, 67 are inserted within a corresponding hollow body 48 formed in each lateral member 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40. The mask holder 65 can be removed from the hollow bodies 48 by pulling on a clamp 48a formed in each hollow body 48 causing the lateral strips 66, 67 of the semirigid mask holder 65 to be easily and rapidly released. When fitted, the semirigid mask holder 65 is arranged in a vertical position as shown in figures 1, 2, 2a, 3, 4, 5d, 6, and 7 of the drawings.

[0114] A mask holder 65 made of a flexible material may be also used, as shown in the examples of figures 10-13 of the drawings. As above, the mask holder 65 includes a main body configured to hold a ventilation mask 62, but in this case it is also intended to be directly applied to the user's chin if required for example for trauma stabilization. Also in this case, the main body of the mask holder 65 extends into lateral strips 66, 67, but in this example the lateral strips 66, 67 include holes 69 instead of the above mentioned teeth 68, as shown in figures 10-13 of the drawings. The mask holder 65 made of flexible material may be used as a backup instead of the above described mask holder 65 made of semirigid material when dirt, dust, sand, mud, particles, etc. enter within the hollow body 48, e.g. when external particles have reached the interior of the hollow body 48 blocking parts thereof.

[0115] Mask holders 65 with lateral strips 66, 67 including both teeth 68 and holes 69 are not ruled out.

[0116] The flexible mask holder 65 may be arranged in a substantially horizontal position as shown in figures 9-11, such that the mask holder 65 is arranged to be applied to the user's chin for trauma stabilization. In this case, the holes 69 in the lateral strips 66, 67 of the flexible mask holder 65 engage anchoring hooks 47b formed in the outside of each lateral member 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40, as shown in said figures 9-11 of the drawings.

[0117] The flexible mask holder 65 may be also arranged in a substantially vertical position as shown in figures 12-13, such that the mask holder 65 is arranged to hold a ventilation mask 62. In this case, the holes 69 in the lateral strips 66, 67 engage anchoring hooks 47a provided in the hollow body 48 of the flexible mask holder 65 as shown in said figures 12-13 of the drawings.

[0118] In this way, the same part, that is, the mask holder receiving arrangement 60 is suitable for several purposes, that is, CPR and trauma stabilization.

[0119] Marks 61, such as for example numbers, symbols, or the like, are provided to easily check the distance from the main body of the mask holder 65 to the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b so that the first aider is capable of accurately and rapidly adapt the mask holder receiving arrangement 60 to each patient's anatomy. The marks 61 may be provided on the lateral strips 66, 67 as shown in figures 1, 2, 2a, 3, 5d, 6, and 7 so that they are visible through a window formed in the hollow body 48. In one example not shown in the drawings, the marks 61 could be provided on the hollow body 48 so that they are visible through the above mentioned holes 69 formed in the lateral strips 66, 67.

[0120] As shown in figures 5b, 5c, 5d, 6, 7, 10, 11, and 13 of the drawings, strap receiving passages 43a, 43b are provided. More specifically, a strap receiving passage 43a is formed in each opposite lateral member 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40, and complementary strap receiving passages 43b are formed in opposite sides of the support base 10, i.e. arranged away from a longitudinal axis of the support base 10. A head support strap 44, shown in figure 5d, can be passed through the strap receiving passages 43a of the head holding structure 40 and the strap receiving passages 43b of the support base 10. The head support strap 44 can be adjusted in length by joining the ends thereof through a hook and loop tape, for example, for suitably holding the patient's forehead. The head support strap 44 allows to properly hold the patient's forehead in position after closing the lateral members 40a, 40b towards each other.

[0121] An inspection window 41 is also formed in the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b. The inspection window 41 is configured as through-opening for allowing visual inspection of the patient's ears from the outside of the device 100. This is particularly advantageous to check for bleedings, cerebrospinal fluid outflows, etc.

[0122] According to both the first example and the second example of the present disclosure, a third locking arrangement 26 is provided. The third locking arrangement 26 is intended for preventing or allowing rotation of the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b in at least the above mentioned rest and operating positions.

[0123] Specifically, the third locking arrangement 26 comprises a release knob or button 27 provided in the head support assembly 20. A most preferred position to provide the release knob or button 27 is on the bridge member 40c of the head holding structure 40. the third locking arrangement 26 comprises further comprises biasing means configured to act against said release knob or button. While the release knob or button 27 is not actuated, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b are locked in either the above mentioned rest or operating positions. In order to pivot the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b, the first aider operates the release knob or button 27 against the biasing means causing the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b as well as the bridge member 40c to be released and thus allowed to be pivoted as required. As soon as the release knob or button 27 is released, the biasing means act again thereon causing the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b to be locked again.

[0124] The biasing means may comprise, for example, a plastic leaf spring preferably made of natural or synthetic rubber. The biasing means may be formed of similar or equivalent materials as long as they are not made of metal, such as, for example, plastic, neoprene, silicone, nitrile, vinyl, thermoplastic elastomers, etc. No metal springs are thus provided.

[0125] The opposite lateral members 40a, 40b and the bridge member 40c of the head holding structure 40, that may be supplied preassembled or may be assembled onsite, are clamped to the shaft 23 of the head support assembly 20.

[0126] In the device 100 according to any of the first and second examples, the support base 10 includes handles 17 for ease of handling. In the examples shown in the drawings, the handles 17 are defined by through-openings formed at opposite sides of the support base 10, i.e. arranged away from a longitudinal axis of the support base 10. Other configurations and locations for the handles 17 are not ruled out as long as handling of the device 100 is facilitated.

[0127] As described above, the present device 100 may be provided with only one type of cervical area restraining arrangement 50. For example, the present device 100 may be provided with either a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the first example, shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, comprising pivotable arms 50c, 50d, or a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the second example, shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings, comprising detachable arms 50a, 50b. However, as described above, it is also envisaged that the present device 100 is provided with a combination of different types of cervical area restraining arrangements 50, for example, a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 comprising pivotable arms 50c, 50d and a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 comprising detachable arms 50a, 50b. Other cervical area restraining arrangements are not ruled out either alone or in combination with the above.

[0128] The present device 100 according to any of the above first and second examples is advantageous for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or trauma stabilization, with other procedures being also envisaged.

[0129] When a critical or emergency situation arises in which a person is involved requiring basic first aid, the P.A.S. (Protect, Alert, Save) action protocol should be followed. This can be efficiently performed through the use of the present device 100.

[0130] When a victim is found to be unresponsive, with no breathing or with no normal breathing (e.g. only gasping), emergency response is activated by the first aider. In this case, the first aider gets a defibrillator and starts CPR procedure using the present device 100. During the period of time in which no need for electric shock is required by the defibrillator, the device 100 is applied placing the support base 10 under the patient and then assembling and applying the head support assembly 20 with the head holding structure 40. Then, rhythm and shock, if indicated, are checked every 2 minutes by the defibrillator. If it is found that electric shock is not recommended, CPR is then applied. Oxygen is supplied though mask holder 65 fitted in the head holding structure 40 of the device100.

[0131] When a victim is found to be breathing, the first aider applies the present device 100 for trauma stabilization placing the support base 10 under the patient and then assembling and applying the head support assembly 20 with the head holding structure 40 and the other parts. The cervical area restraining arrangement 50 is arranged to properly hold the patient's head and shoulders in position also through the use of the mask holder 65 mounted to the mask holder receiving arrangement 60 to retain the patient's chin in position, until the patient becomes properly immobilized.

[0132] The PAS protocol is also applied if the victim is conscious and is breathing.

[0133] Although the restraining arms 50a, 50b, 50c 50d might not be necessary to be applied in CPR procedures, they can be applied where considered necessary when a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head is required to be maintained for restraining the movement of the patient.

[0134] If required for mechanical CPR, an automatic chest compression device such as the Lund University Cardiopulmonary Assist System (LUCAS) device may be integrated to provide mechanical chest compressions. This can be carried out through coupling holes 13 formed in the support base 10 as illustrated in the examples shown in figures 5-8 of the drawings. The chest compression can be performed while oxygen is simultaneously supplied through the ventilation mask 62. Advantageously, a ventilation device will not be required as stated above.

[0135] Once a CPR or trauma procedure has been applied, the patient's evaluation on the part of the first aider may continue where required.

[0136] Although examples of the present device 100 have been disclosed herein, other alternatives, modifications, uses and / or equivalents thereof are possible. Furthermore, all possible combinations of the described examples are also covered. Thus, the scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by particular examples but should be determined only by a fair reading of the claims that follow.

[0137] Reference signs related to drawings, placed in parentheses in a claim, are solely for attempting to increase the intelligibility of the claim, and shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claim.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0056]Reference is first made to figures 1-4 of the drawings showing a first example of a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment.

[0057]According to said first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the present device 100 comprises a support base 10. The support base 10 may be of any size depending on the requirements or applications, such as, for example, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), trauma stabilization, etc. For example, the support base 10 of the device 100 according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings is a small wedge-shaped plate, such as for example 465 x 248 mm in size, which has been found to be very efficient for applications on clean and / or even grounds.

[0058]The support base 10 of the device according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings is shorter than the support base 10 of the device 100 according to the second example that is shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings....

[0001] The present disclosure relates to stabilization and positioning of certain portions of a patient's anatomy, for example, the patient's cervical area, including the shoulders, in the event that an emergency first aid treatment, for example when cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or trauma stabilization, is required.BACKGROUND

[0002] Emergency first aid procedures, e.g. cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped, such as in the event of a heart attack or drowning, or first aid procedures in traumatic situations, should be conducted rapidly and safely, especially when the patient is far from clinics, hospitals, healthcare or medical attention centres, first-aid facilities, etc. and / or in challenging environments.

[0003] Devices for performing rapid emergency procedures are known in the art. For example, a number of devices have been devised for performing CPR that basically comprise a support base for supporting the patient's cervical area and a ventilation mask.

[0004] A disadvantage found in such known devices is that the cooperation of several persons is required for stabilizing the patient in a suitable position while performing a first aid procedure and / or while waiting for further medical assistance. As a result, safety and reliability are not ensured in an emergency situation.

[0005] Document WO2021009403A1 discloses a CPR device that comprises a support base intended to support a patient, a tilting support for the patient's head, mounted on the base, and at least two lateral fastening elements for contacting the sides of head and for adjustably receiving a mask holder. The configuration of said device allows cardiopulmonary resuscitation treatment to be given in many places remote from a hospital and by a single intervener if needed, thereby increasing the survival rate of the patients.

[0006] Despite the previous attempts to provide devices capable of rapidly and safely immobilizing and stabilizing a person in need of an emergency treatment or procedure, a need still exists for more effective devices allowing the target person to be more easily and more properly immobilized, for example, in supine position or other positions as required, in order to allow a first aider to safely perform CPR or trauma stabilization. This is particularly significant when the patient is in difficult, exposed, and / or poorly controlled environments, such as for rescuing drowning swimmers, in accidents in mountains, etc. where no medical personnel is available.SUMMARY

[0007] The present disclosure provides a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy, for example, the patient's cervical area including the shoulders and the scapular region, for first aid procedures, with which the needs in the prior art are met and the problems discussed so far are at least mitigated, in addition to providing a number of additional advantages over the existing devices.

[0008] As it will be explained further below, the present device is advantageous for performing both cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and / or trauma stabilization. In addition to such treatments, the present device may be advantageously used for many other applications where a person requires to be immobilized and / or stabilized in a lying position.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment comprises a support base for supporting at least the patient's cervical area, a head support assembly for receiving and holding the patient's head, and a cervical area restraining arrangement.

[0010] Cervical area refers herein to an area of the patient's body at the top of the spinal cord, located in the neck, just below the skull. It includes the upper central area of the shoulders, preferably including the trapezius muscle and the shoulders. The present device is a stabilizing structure capable of providing effective support to a patient, keeping the cervical spine duly aligned, that is, the spinal column at the level of the cervical vertebrae. Stabilization is provided with the head support assembly together with the cervical area restraining arrangement preferably applied to the muscular anatomical structure of the trapezius muscles. The patient's neck area can be received in a space between the head support assembly and the cervical area restraining arrangement. Free access is thus gained for visual and contact evaluation. Procedures such as ultrasounds, etc., could also be performed, as well as more invasive emergency procedures, such as a cricothyroidotomy. Safety of the intervention and the patient is thus improved.

[0011] The cervical area restraining arrangement according to the first aspect comprises at least one restraining arm mounted on the support base such that it can be pivoted with respect to the support base, towards or away from the head support assembly. In a preferred example, the cervical area restraining arrangement according to the first aspect comprises two spaced apart restraining arms.

[0012] The present device further comprises locking means for locking each restraining arm in one of several different angular positions, contacting and restraining the patient cervical area such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's cervical area including the shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0013] The cervical area restraining arrangement can be disposed at least in a rest position, folded down to the support base and in a working position, pivoted away from the support base for restraining the patient's cervical area including the shoulders. The restraining arms may include a bent portion for receiving the patient's shoulders.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, the cervical area restraining arrangement comprises at least one detachable restraining arm. Said detachable restraining arm is removably attached to the support base in different positions there along, towards or away from the head support assembly to contact and restrain the patient's cervical area. The detachable restraining arm is arranged such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained. In a preferred example, two spaced apart, detachable restraining arms are provided, on opposite sides of the support base, i.e. arranged away from a longitudinal axis of the support base.

[0015] In the second aspect of the present disclosure, the support base includes a series of receiving cavities formed there along and the restraining arms include at least one leg to be inserted in one of the receiving cavities. Said receiving cavities may be of any suitable size, shape, and configuration such as through openings or holes. Such configuration facilitates the restraining arms to be inserted to or removed from the support base for a rapid action.

[0016] The detachable restraining arms of the cervical area restraining arrangement according to the second aspect of the present disclosure are configured such that, in use, a force exerted by the patient's shoulders against the restraining arms tends to lock them to the support base.

[0017] According to one example of the second aspect, each restraining arm is L-shaped such that when inserted into one of the receiving cavities of the support base, it may be slid under the support base towards the head support assembly to lock the restraining arm to the support base.

[0018] Also in the second aspect of the present disclosure, said at least one restraining arm preferably includes a bent portion for receiving the patient's shoulders.

[0019] The support base and the cervical area restraining arrangement may further comprise guide means for facilitating mutual attachment. Said guide means may comprise a groove formed in the support base configured for slidingly receiving a projecting portion of the restraining arms.

[0020] The device according to both the first and second aspects that have been described above is compact and simple in configuration, and a reduced number of parts is involved. This, together with the fact that at least the support base is made by a plastic injection molding process, results in low manufacturing costs.

[0021] Such simple configuration is significant for the applications to which the device is intended, since a safe, reliable, quick and easy assembly is possible even in difficult situations. This is highly important in vital emergency situations where stabilizing and positioning certain portions of the anatomy is required to be performed safely even by unskilled or low-skilled persons.

[0022] It should also be noted that, thanks to the adjustable parts that make up the present device according to any of the first and second aspects, the device is very versatile so that it can be interchangeably applied to men, women, boys, girls, adults, children, young people, elderly people, etc. having different morphological characteristics.

[0023] The present device has been found to meet the needs found in the prior art to save patients in a rapid and effective way, not only in applications such as resuscitation attempts, for life-saving staff in beach rescues, professionals in emergency medical transport, but also in training applications for students and instructors, such as CPR and defibrillator training, health vocational training, medical and nursing degree students, and so on.

[0024] It is important also to note that the present device does not require the interaction of several persons or qualified interveners in order to perform CPR as well as trauma stabilization procedures, and treatments for giving basic life support in general. With the present device, a single intervener or first aider is only required for placing, stabilizing, and positioning a patient and, if required, for ensuring a correct opening of the patient's airways and the continuous supply of oxygen to the patient without the need to interrupt other procedures such as chest compression. No external ventilation equipment is required.

[0025] As a result, an effective, safe, and rapid intervention is made possible by a single, unskilled or low-skilled first aider. The same applies when a patient is required to be placed in a safe position in case of sudden movements, vomiting or convulsions during resuscitation operations, even in cases when the patient has to be moved, e.g. in a vehicle, etc., allowing intubation to be performed if required.

[0026] The survival rate of patients in all of the above described situations is thus increased through the use of the present device.

[0027] A further advantage of the present device is that it can be used in combination with any other devices such as mechanical chest compression devices, mechanical or manual continuous ventilation equipment, etc.

[0028] For reasons of completeness, various aspects of the present disclosure are set out in the following clauses.

[0029] Clause 1. Device (100) for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment, the device (100) comprising: a support base (10) for supporting at least the patient's cervical area; a head support assembly (20) for receiving and holding the patient's head; and a cervical area restraining arrangement (50), wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprises at least one cervical area restraining arms (50a, 50b; 50c, 50d) to be positioned in different positions with respect to the support base (10), towards or away from the head support assembly (20), such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0030] Clause 2. The device (100) of clause 1 wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprises at least two spaced apart cervical area restraining arms (50c, 50d) mounted on the support base (10) such that they can be pivoted with respect to the support base (10), towards or away from the head support assembly (20).

[0031] Clause 3. The device (100) of clause 2, wherein the device (100) further comprises locking means for locking each restraining arm (50c, 50d) in one of several different angular positions, contacting and restraining the patient's shoulders, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0032] Clause 4. The device (100) of clause 2 or 3, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) can be arranged at least in a rest position, folded down to the support base (10), and in a working position, pivoted away from the support base (10) for restraining the patient's shoulders.

[0033] Clause 5. The device (100) of clause 4, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) is arranged at least substantially flush with the support base (10) in the rest position.

[0034] Clause 6. The device (100) of clause 4 or 5, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) can be displaced laterally to the support base (10) before leaving the rest position.

[0035] Clause 7. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprises at least one detachable restraining arm (50a, 50b) that can be removably attached to the support base (10) in different positions there along, towards or away from the head support assembly (20), to contact and restrain the patient's cervical area, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained; and wherein the support base (10) includes a series of receiving cavities (12) formed there along, and the restraining arm (50a, 50b) include at least one leg (51) to be inserted in one of the receiving cavities (12).

[0036] Clause 8. The device (100) of clause 7, wherein the support base (10) and the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) further comprise guide means (16, 56) for facilitating mutual attachment.

[0037] Clause 9. The device (100) of clause 8, wherein the guide means comprise a groove (16) formed in the support base (10) configured for slidingly receiving a protrusion (56) of the restraining arm (50a, 50b).

[0038] Clause 10. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the restraining arms (50c, 50d) includes a bent portion for receiving the patient's shoulders.

[0039] Clause 11. Device (100) for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment, the device (100) comprising a support base (10) for supporting at least the patient's cervical area, and a head support assembly (20) for receiving and holding the patient's head.

[0040] Clause 12. The device (100) of clause 11, wherein the head support assembly (20) is removably attached to the support base (10).

[0041] Clause 13. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the head support assembly (20) is pivotally attached to the support base (10) for arranging the patient's head at a given inclination.

[0042] Clause 14. The device (100) of clause 13, wherein the head support assembly (20) is attached to the support base (10) such that it can be pivoted up to an angle of inclination (a) of 37° with respect to a surface of the support base (10).

[0043] Clause 15. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein it further includes a head holding structure (40) for holding at least two sides of the patient's head.

[0044] Clause 16. The device (100) of clause 15, wherein the head holding structure (40) is attached to the head support assembly (20) at an adjustable height from the support base (10).

[0045] Clause 17. The device (100) of clause 15 or 16, wherein the head holding structure (40) includes two opposite lateral members (40a, 40b) spaced apart at an adjustable distance from each other so that the patient's head can be positioned there between.

[0046] Clause 18. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein a first locking arrangement (30) is provided for locking the head support assembly (20) to the support base (10).

[0047] Clause 19. The device (100) of any of the clauses 15-18, wherein a second locking arrangement (45) is provided for removably coupling the head holding structure (40) to the head support assembly (20).

[0048] Clause 20. The device (100) of any of the clauses 15-19, wherein a third locking arrangement (26) is provided for preventing or allowing rotation of the opposite lateral members (40a, 40b).

[0049] Clause 21. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the support base (10) is adjustable in tilt relative to the horizontal.

[0050] Clause 22. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the head holding structure (40) is pivotally mounted to the head support assembly (20).

[0051] Clause 23. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein the support base (10) includes a series of coupling holes (13) for attaching a mechanical chest compression device.

[0052] Clause 24. The device (100) of any preceding clause, wherein an arrangement (60) for adjustably receiving at least one of a mask holder and a ventilation mask is provided in the head holding structure (40).

[0053] Clause 25. The device (100) of clause 24, wherein the arrangement (60) for receiving at least one of a mask holder and a ventilation mask is configured for adjustably positioning said at least one of a mask holder and a ventilation mask according to at least one of along a longitudinal direction (x) and along a height direction (y) to the support base (10).BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Non-limiting examples of the present disclosure will be described in the following, with reference to the appended drawings.

[0055] In the drawings: Figure 1 is an elevational view of one example of a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, with pivotable restraining arms arranged in a rest position, folded down, flush with the support base, and with a semirigid mask holder arranged in a vertical position holding a ventilation mask; Figures 2 and 3 are perspective views of the example of the device shown in figure 1 with the semirigid mask holder arranged in a vertical position holding a ventilation mask; Figure 2a is a perspective view of the device shown in figures 1-3 with the pivotable restraining arms arranged in an operating position, pivoted away from the support base; Figure 4 is a rear view of the device shown in figures 1-3 as viewed towards the patient's feet; Figure 5 is an elevational view of a further example of a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment according to a second aspect of the present disclosure, with detachable restraining arms and with a semirigid mask holder arranged in a vertical position holding a ventilation mask; Figure 5a is a perspective view of the device shown in figure 5 with the detachable restraining arms removed from the support base and the head holding structure removed from the head support assembly; Figure 5b is a perspective view of the device shown in figure 5 with the head holding structure mounted to the head support assembly in an operating position; Figure 5c is a perspective view of the device shown in figure 5 with the head support assembly rotated to the head support assembly into a rest position; Figure 5d is an enlarged perspective view of the example of the device shown in figures 1-3, with the semirigid mask holder arranged in a vertical position holding a ventilation mask wherein a head support strap is shown; Figures 6 and 7 are perspective views of the example of the device in figure 5; Figure 8 is a rear view of the example of the device shown in figure 5 as viewed towards the patient's feet; Figure 9 is a rear view of another example of the device according to the second aspect of the present disclosure shown in figures 5-8, as viewed towards the patient's head, wherein a flexible mask holder is provided in a horizontal position; Figure 10 is a sectional elevational view taken along line AA of figure 9 with no hatching for the sake of clarity to show the L-shaped legs of the detachable restraining arms; Figure 11 is a perspective view of the example of the device shown in figure 9 with the flexible mask carrier in a horizontal position; Figure 12 is an elevational view of the example of the device shown in figure 9 with the flexible mask carrier in a vertical position showing the detachable restraining arms partially removed from the support base; and Figure 13 is a perspective view of the example of the device shown in figure 9 with the flexible mask carrier in a vertical position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES

[0056] Reference is first made to figures 1-4 of the drawings showing a first example of a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment.

[0057] According to said first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the present device 100 comprises a support base 10. The support base 10 may be of any size depending on the requirements or applications, such as, for example, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), trauma stabilization, etc. For example, the support base 10 of the device 100 according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings is a small wedge-shaped plate, such as for example 465 x 248 mm in size, which has been found to be very efficient for applications on clean and / or even grounds.

[0058] The support base 10 of the device according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings is shorter than the support base 10 of the device 100 according to the second example that is shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings. The support base 10 of the device according to the second example shown in said figures 5-13 of the drawings has been found to be very efficient for applications on dirty and / or uneven grounds.

[0059] In both examples, the support base 10 is configured for supporting at least the patient's cervical area, including the shoulders, and is preferably made by a plastic injection molding process using thermoplastic, such as Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), or thermosetting polymers, as commonly known in the art.

[0060] The support base 10 in both examples may be adjustable in tilt. In particular, a top surface 15 of the support base 10 intended to receive the patient may be inclined at a suitable angle β relative to the bottom surface 11 of the support base 10 such that an optimum degree of inclination is achieved as established in medical protocols. This allows the elevation of the patient's chest to be facilitated. In the examples shown in the figures, the support base 10 is suitably wedge-shaped such that height can be varied allowing tilting of the head support assembly 20 to promote the opening and permeability of the airway.

[0061] A head support assembly 20 is also provided in both examples shown in the figures of the drawings. The head support assembly 20 is pivotally mounted to the support base 10 and is configured for receiving and holding the patient's head. For this purpose, the head support assembly 20 includes a head receiving curved area 22 that is anatomically designed for suitably receiving the patient's head. Foam pads 28 are provided in the head receiving curved area 22 to enhance comfort and ensure a suitable anthropometric adjustment.

[0062] The head support assembly 20 may be removably mounted to the support base 10. such that when it is not being used, the head support assembly 20 can be removed or detached from the support base 10, allowing the whole device 100 to be easily transported and stowed in tight spaces such as in vehicles, for example, ambulances, helicopters, public transport, in-hospital transportation, or even be carried by a person.

[0063] The pivotal movement of the head support assembly 20 allows the patient's head to be positioned at a given angle of inclination α, such as for example an angle of inclination a of 37° with respect to the bottom surface 11 of the support base 10. Other values for the inclination angle α are of course possible depending on the situations, applications, or treatments. For example, in a wide range of emergency first aid treatments, the head support assembly 20 is allowed to pivot up to an angle of inclination α up to 45°, for example, up to 37°, or up to 26° with respect to the bottom surface 11 of the support base 10 depending on the operations to be carried out.

[0064] Means for receiving other devices such as for example a mechanical chest compression device, not shown, may be provided in the support base 10. As shown in the figures of the drawings, said receiving means include a series of coupling holes 13 formed in the support base 10. The coupling holes 13 are intended for receiving a complementary coupling part of another device, for example, a mechanical chest compression device, not shown, to be coupled to the present device 100.

[0065] The position of the head support assembly 20 to the support base 10 can be locked through a first locking arrangement 30. The first locking arrangement 30 includes a toothed portion 21 that is provided in a rear portion of the head support assembly 20, and a release element 31 such as a knob, button, lever or the like that is movably mounted in the support base 10 to engage the toothed portion 21, as shown in figures 3, 4 according to the first example, and in figure 7, 8 according to the second example.

[0066] Said first locking arrangement 30 further comprises biasing means. The biasing means, not shown, are arranged to automatically return the above mentioned release element 31 into a locking condition when not actuated. Although the release element 31 is shown located at a lower location in the device 100, the release element 31 may preferably be provided at a high location in the device 100, i.e., away from the support base 10 and thus away from the floor when the device 100 is in use. As a result, dirt, dust, sand, etc. is prevented from affecting proper operation of the first locking arrangement 30.

[0067] While the release element 31 of the first locking arrangement 30 is not actuated, the biasing means act on the release element 31, i.e. the release knob or button, so that the head support assembly 20 is locked to the support base 10. When the head support assembly 20 is desired to be pivoted to the support base 10, the first aider operates the release element 31 against the biasing means causing the head support assembly 20 to be released from the support base 10.

[0068] The above mentioned biasing means, not shown, may comprise, for example, a plastic leaf spring preferably made of natural or synthetic rubber. The biasing means may be formed of similar or equivalent materials, such as, for example, plastic, neoprene, silicone, nitrile, vinyl, thermoplastic elastomers, etc. Metal is preferably avoided in the biasing means, to allow the device to be used when taking X-ray images and the like.

[0069] In both the first and second examples of the present device 100, a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 is provided.

[0070] In the first example of the present device 100 shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 comprises two spaced apart restraining arms 50c, 50d, one arranged on each side of the support base 10.

[0071] Although not shown in the drawings, the restraining arms 50c, 50d preferably include a bent portion for conveniently receiving the patient's shoulders. The bent portion may be of any shape adapted to suit the patient's anatomy.

[0072] The restraining arms 50c, 50d according to the first example include a foam pad 53 or lining to enhance comfort and ensuring a suitable anthropometric adjustment as shown in figures 1-3.

[0073] The length of the restraining arms 50c, 50d according to the example may be adapted to the patient's anatomy. That is, the restraining arms 50c, 50d according to the first example may be longer or shorter depending on the size and general configuration of the patient's shoulders. The length of the restraining arms 50c, 50d may be fixed or variable. Having restraining arms 50c, 50d with variable length allows a single type of cervical area restraining arrangement 50 to be used for different anatomies. restraining arms 50c, 50d with variable length may include, for example, a telescopic mechanism, not shown, capable of extending and retracting a portion of the restraining arms 50c, 50d according to a given patient's anatomy.

[0074] According to the first example of the present device 100 as shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the restraining arms 50c, 50d are mounted on the support base 10 such that they can be pivoted, for example by a first aider, until each restraining arm 50c, 50d is arranged extending in a position protruding from the support base 10.

[0075] In particular, the restraining arms 50c, 50d according to the first example can be pivoted with respect to the support base 10 according to an angular direction R, towards or away from the head support assembly 20, as shown in figure 1, as it will be detailed below.

[0076] The cervical area restraining arrangement 50 further includes shaft members 54 as shown in figures 1-3 of the drawings, according to the first example. The shaft members 54 are arranged transversely to the support base 10, e.g. on an underside of the support base 10, and slidably mounted with respect to the support base 10. A free end of each shaft member 54 may slide along a cross-direction z, i.e. widthwise, towards and away from a respective side of the support base 10, between a proximate rest position nearer to the side of the support base 10 and a distal operating position, further away from the support base 10.

[0077] Locking means are provided for locking each restraining arm 50c, 50d in one of several different angular positions, contacting and restraining the patient's shoulders, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0078] Specifically, the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 may be provided with locking means configured to lock each restraining arm 50c, 50d with respect to the support base 10 in a desired operating position shown in figure 2a of the drawings, in contact with the patient's shoulders, to properly restrain the patient in position. Said locking means may include, for example, a ratchet locking mechanism. The ratchet locking mechanism is defined by a first set of teeth, not shown, formed in at least one of the free ends of the shaft member 54 engaging a second set of teeth, not shown, formed in one end 55 of at least one of the restraining arm 50c, 50d. Said first and second sets of teeth defining the ratchet locking mechanism are configured such that pivoting of the restraining arms 50c, 50d is only allowed in a direction away from the support base 10 to bring the restraining arms 50c, 50d from at least a rest position into at least an operating position as shown in figure 2a.

[0079] Said locking means further include a sliding release member 52 arranged in at least one of the restraining arms 50c, 50d. Biasing means are also provided to act against said sliding release member 52 to keep the first and second sets of teeth mutually engaged.

[0080] However, other locking means may be alternatively provided such as, for example, including respective arms, not shown in the drawings, each having a first end hinged to the corresponding restraining arm 50c, 50d and a second, opposite end capable of sliding along to the support base 10 according to the desired angular position of the restraining arms 50c, 50d.

[0081] In this way, the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the first example can be arranged in at least said rest position, when not being used, as shown in figures 1-3 of the drawings, with the restraining arms 50c, 50d are folded down, flush with the support base 10. In said rest position, the device 100 takes up little space. This configuration is advantageous for transport and storage purposes.

[0082] The cervical area restraining arrangement 50 can be arranged in at least one operating position, as shown in figure 2a, in which the restraining arms 50c, 50d are pivoted away from the support base 10. For this purpose, the restraining arms 50c, 50d can be pivoted around the angular direction R, for example upwards into a desired adjustable position for contacting and restraining the patient's shoulders until a desired operating position has been reached. In said operating position of the restraining arms 50c, 50d shown in figure 2a of the drawings, a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are therefore maintained, thereby and preventing the movement of the patient in need of CPR or trauma stabilization.

[0083] As described above, due to the provision of the above mentioned shaft members 54, the restraining arms 50c, 50d may be capable of being displaced laterally to the support base 10 along a cross-direction z, before leaving the rest position shown in figures 1, 2, and 3. For this purpose, one end 55 of each restraining arm 50c, 50d is rotatably attached to a corresponding end of the respective shaft member 54. In this way, each restraining arm 50c, 50d can be displaced along the cross-direction z, towards and away from the side of the support base 10, by the movement of the shaft member 54, and then rotated around the angular direction R with respect to the shaft member 54 to be deployed to its operating position in contact with the patient's shoulder.

[0084] For counter rotating the restraining arms 50c, 50d , that is, towards the support base 10 to bring the restraining arms 50c, 50d from the operating position shown in figure 2a into the rest position shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the sliding release member 52 is actuated by the first aider against the biasing means, not shown, to disengage the first and second sets of teeth from each other thereby allowing the restraining arms 50c, 50d to be rotated around the angular direction R towards the support base 10. The restraining arms 50c, 50d can be thus brought from the operating position shown in figure 2a into the rest position shown in said figures 1-4. In this respect, the sliding release member 52 is preferably hook shaped such that pulling on the sliding release member 52 to disengage the first and second sets of teeth from each other by the first aider is facilitated.

[0085] For example, the operation of the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 starting from the rest position shown in figures 1-4, with the restraining arms 50c, 50d folded down to the support base 10, begins by the first aider displacing each restraining arm 50c, 50d along the cross-direction z, laterally out of the support base 10, away from the sides of the support base 10, that is, moving the restraining arms 50c, 50d away from each other. Then, the restraining arms 50c, 50d are rotated around the angular direction R by the first aider away from the support base 10, upwards. As the restraining arms 50c, 50d are rotated, the above mentioned first and second sets of teeth slide on each other until a desired operating position as shown in figure 2a is reached in which the patient's shoulders become duly restrained.

[0086] When the device 100 is not required to be used, the above steps are repeated by the first aider in reverse until the restraining arms 50c, 50d are folded down until they are substantially flush with the support base 10, in the rest position. As described above, this is carried out by displacing the restraining arms 50c, 50d laterally again along the cross-direction z towards the support base 10 moving them towards each other and then actuating the sliding release member 52 against the biasing means to disengage the first and second sets of teeth from each other. As a result, the restraining arms 50c, 50d are allowed to be rotated around the angular direction R towards the support base 10 into said rest position.

[0087] The change in position of the restraining arms 50c, 50d, from the rest position, shown in figures 1-4, to the operating position, shown in figure 2a, and vice versa, is easily and quickly accomplished. It is noted although the restraining arms 50c, 50d are not used in CPR applications they do not interfere with other parts of the device 100.

[0088] It may be envisaged that the restraining arms 50c, 50d may be capable of being pivoted together, or be pivoted independently of each other, as required.

[0089] Figures 5-13 of the drawings illustrate a different type of cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to a second example of the device 100. Said different type of cervical area restraining arrangement 50 may be provided instead of the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 shown in figures 1-4. However, although not shown in the figures of the drawings, the device 100 could be provided with both types of cervical area restraining arrangements 50, that is, the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 and the cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the second example shown in figures 5-13.

[0090] The cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the second example shown in figures 5-8 of the drawings include at least two detachable restraining arms 50a, 50b. The detachable restraining arms 50a, 50b can be removably attached to the support base 10 in different positions along the longitudinal direction x of the support base 10.

[0091] In particular, the detachable restraining arms 50a, 50b can be removably attached to the support base 10 in different positions towards or away from the head support assembly 20, to contact and restrain the patient's cervical area, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

[0092] Although not shown, the restraining arms 50c, 50d may include a bent portion for comfortably receiving the patient's shoulders. The bent portion may be of any shape adapted to suit the patient's anatomy. The restraining arms 50c, 50d further includes a foam pad 53 or lining to enhance comfort and to ensure a suitable anthropometric adjustment.

[0093] The length of the restraining arms 50a, 50b of the second example may be adapted to the patient's anatomy. That is, the restraining arms 50a, 50b may be longer or shorter depending on the size and general configuration of the patient's shoulders. The length of the restraining arms 50a, 50b may be fixed or variable. Having restraining arms 50a, 50b with variable length allows a single type of cervical area restraining arrangement to be used for different anatomies. restraining arms 50a, 50b with variable length may include, for example, a telescopic mechanism, not shown, capable of extending and retracting a portion of the restraining arms 50a, 50b according to a given patient's anatomy.

[0094] According to the second example shown in figures 5-8 of the drawings, the support base 10 further includes a series of receiving cavities 12 formed there along. The receiving cavities 12 may be of any suitable size, shape, and configuration such as recesses or through openings or holes.

[0095] The restraining arms 50a, 50b correspondingly include at least one leg 51 to be inserted in one of said receiving cavities 12 in the support base 10.

[0096] Referring now to figures 10 and 12, the leg 51 of each restraining arm 50a, 50b according to the second example illustrated in the example shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings is L-shaped. More specifically, at least one of the restraining arms 50a, 50b is provided with a number of L-shaped legs 51 to be inserted into corresponding pairs of receiving cavities 12 formed in the support base 10.

[0097] Before insertion of the above mentioned L-shaped legs 51 of the restraining arms 50a, 50b into corresponding receiving cavities12 formed in the support base 10, each restraining arm 50a, 50b is inclined and then slid under the support base 10 within the receiving cavities 12 formed in the support base 10 towards the patient's head and shoulders. Afterward, the restraining arm 50a, 50b becomes properly locked to the support base 10.

[0098] With continued reference to the second example shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings, the restraining arms 50a, 50b include a protrusion 56, as shown in figures 6, 11 and 13, extending outwards there from and formed adjacent said L-shaped legs 51. In the example shown, the protrusion is a straight ridge 56 sized to be inserted into a corresponding guide groove 16 formed in the support base 10. The guide groove 16 may either extend through the entire thickness of the support base 10 or it may be deep enough for proper insertion and sliding of the protrusion or ridge 56 of the restraining arms 50a, 50b.

[0099] The above configuration according to the second example consisting of L-shaped legs 51 and straight ridges 56 formed in the restraining arms 50a, 50b of the cervical area restraining arrangement 50, in combination with receiving cavities 12 and guide grooves 16 formed in the support base 10, define suitable means for facilitating mutual attachment of the restraining arms 50a, 50b and the support base 10. This advantageously helps a first aider to perform a safe, efficient, and rapid coupling. With the described configuration, the first aider is capable of quickly coupling the restraining arms 50a, 50b to the support base 10, right the first time, with no mistakes.

[0100] The present device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy 100 according to both the first example and the second example further includes a head holding structure 40 for holding at least two sides of the patient's head.

[0101] In the first and second examples, the head holding structure 40 comprises two opposite lateral members 40a, 40b connected through a bridge member 40c. The opposite lateral members 40a, 40b are arranged spaced apart at an adjustable distance from each other so that the patient's head can be positioned there between. In the examples shown in the figures, each opposite lateral member 40a, 40b includes a foam pad 49 or lining to enhance comfort and to ensure a suitable anthropometric adjustment.

[0102] In order to avoid collisions of the restraining arms 50c, 50d with other parts such as the lateral members 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40, the device 100 may configured such that the restraining arms 50c, 50d are arranged closer to each other if required.

[0103] Reference is now made to figure 5a and 5b of the drawings showing perspective views of the device wherein the detachable restraining arms 50a, 50b are removed from the support base 10. In figure 5a the head holding structure 40 is removed from the head support assembly 20 while in figure 5b the head holding structure 40 is mounted to the head support assembly 20 in an operating position.

[0104] In general, the head holding structure 40 is adjustably coupled to the head support assembly 20.

[0105] In particular, the head holding structure 40 can be adjusted along the cross-direction. More specifically, a separation distance between the lateral members 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40 can be adjusted along the cross-direction z. For that purpose, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b in the examples corresponding to both examples can be slidingly displaced on respective inclined lateral planes 42 formed in opposite sides of the bridge member 40c, as shown in the figures. Guide grooves 29 are provided in said inclined lateral planes 42 for slidingly receiving corresponding guide ribs formed in each opposite lateral member 40a, 40b.

[0106] As a result of said configuration, as the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b slide on said inclined lateral planes 42 of the bridge member 40c along the height direction y, a distance between the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b along the cross-direction z is varied. In this way, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b are allowed to move towards or away from each other allowing the head holding structure 40 to adapt to the patient's anatomy, suitably holding the sides of the patient's head.

[0107] Furthermore, the head holding structure 40 could be also adjustable along the height direction y if required so that the head holding structure 40 can be attached to the head support assembly 20 at an adjustable height, that is, it can be moved towards and away from the support base 10.

[0108] Furthermore, the head holding structure 40, and thus the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b, can be also adjusted in rotation. Specifically, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b can be arranged in a rest position, as shown in figure 5c, with the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b pivoted away from the support base 10 so as to be positioned at least substantially close to vertical for allowing a patient's head to be received therebetween. The opposite lateral members 40a, 40b can also be arranged in an operating position, as shown in the rest of the figures, with the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b be pivoted towards the support base 10 so as to be positioned at least substantially close to horizontal for suitably holding the sides of the patient's head.

[0109] For allowing the pivotal movement of the head holding structure 40 to the head support assembly 20, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b and the bridge member 40c are clamped to a shaft 23 that is fixedly formed in the head support assembly 20, as shown in figures 1, 3, 5, 5a, 5b, 5c, 7, 10, and 12 of the drawings.

[0110] A second locking arrangement is provided for removably coupling the head holding structure 40 to the head support assembly 20. The second locking arrangement is, in both examples, a quick release coupling mechanism 45. Said quick release coupling mechanism 45 comprises a safety tab 46 configured to releasably lock the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b to the head support assembly 20.

[0111] The safety tab 46 is preferably of an nature such that when it is not actuated, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 4o0 are locked to the head support assembly 20, and when the head holding structure 40 is desired to be released from the head support assembly 20, the first aider pulls on the safety tab 46 causing the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b to be released from the head support assembly 20.

[0112] In the first and second examples shown in figures of the drawings, each lateral member 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40 includes an arrangement 60 for adjustably receiving a mask holder 65. Specifically, the mask holder receiving arrangement 60 is configured for adjustably positioning a mask holder 65 along at least one of the longitudinal direction x and the height direction y.

[0113] The mask holder 65 may be made of a semirigid material, as shown in the examples of figures 1, 2, 2a, 5, 5d, 6 and 7 of the drawings. The mask holder 65 includes a main body configured to hold a ventilation mask 62. The main body of the mask holder 65 extends into lateral strips 66, 67 including teeth 68 intended for locking the mask holder 65 in position when said lateral strips 66, 67 are inserted within a corresponding hollow body 48 formed in each lateral member 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40. The mask holder 65 can be removed from the hollow bodies 48 by pulling on a clamp 48a formed in each hollow body 48 causing the lateral strips 66, 67 of the semirigid mask holder 65 to be easily and rapidly released. When fitted, the semirigid mask holder 65 is arranged in a vertical position as shown in figures 1, 2, 2a, 3, 4, 5d, 6, and 7 of the drawings.

[0114] A mask holder 65 made of a flexible material may be also used, as shown in the examples of figures 10-13 of the drawings. As above, the mask holder 65 includes a main body configured to hold a ventilation mask 62, but in this case it is also intended to be directly applied to the user's chin if required for example for trauma stabilization. Also in this case, the main body of the mask holder 65 extends into lateral strips 66, 67, but in this example the lateral strips 66, 67 include holes 69 instead of the above mentioned teeth 68, as shown in figures 10-13 of the drawings. The mask holder 65 made of flexible material may be used as a backup instead of the above described mask holder 65 made of semirigid material when dirt, dust, sand, mud, particles, etc. enter within the hollow body 48, e.g. when external particles have reached the interior of the hollow body 48 blocking parts thereof.

[0115] Mask holders 65 with lateral strips 66, 67 including both teeth 68 and holes 69 are not ruled out.

[0116] The flexible mask holder 65 may be arranged in a substantially horizontal position as shown in figures 9-11, such that the mask holder 65 is arranged to be applied to the user's chin for trauma stabilization. In this case, the holes 69 in the lateral strips 66, 67 of the flexible mask holder 65 engage anchoring hooks 47b formed in the outside of each lateral member 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40, as shown in said figures 9-11 of the drawings.

[0117] The flexible mask holder 65 may be also arranged in a substantially vertical position as shown in figures 12-13, such that the mask holder 65 is arranged to hold a ventilation mask 62. In this case, the holes 69 in the lateral strips 66, 67 engage anchoring hooks 47a provided in the hollow body 48 of the flexible mask holder 65 as shown in said figures 12-13 of the drawings.

[0118] In this way, the same part, that is, the mask holder receiving arrangement 60 is suitable for several purposes, that is, CPR and trauma stabilization.

[0119] Marks 61, such as for example numbers, symbols, or the like, are provided to easily check the distance from the main body of the mask holder 65 to the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b so that the first aider is capable of accurately and rapidly adapt the mask holder receiving arrangement 60 to each patient's anatomy. The marks 61 may be provided on the lateral strips 66, 67 as shown in figures 1, 2, 2a, 3, 5d, 6, and 7 so that they are visible through a window formed in the hollow body 48. In one example not shown in the drawings, the marks 61 could be provided on the hollow body 48 so that they are visible through the above mentioned holes 69 formed in the lateral strips 66, 67.

[0120] As shown in figures 5b, 5c, 5d, 6, 7, 10, 11, and 13 of the drawings, strap receiving passages 43a, 43b are provided. More specifically, a strap receiving passage 43a is formed in each opposite lateral member 40a, 40b of the head holding structure 40, and complementary strap receiving passages 43b are formed in opposite sides of the support base 10, i.e. arranged away from a longitudinal axis of the support base 10. A head support strap 44, shown in figure 5d, can be passed through the strap receiving passages 43a of the head holding structure 40 and the strap receiving passages 43b of the support base 10. The head support strap 44 can be adjusted in length by joining the ends thereof through a hook and loop tape, for example, for suitably holding the patient's forehead. The head support strap 44 allows to properly hold the patient's forehead in position after closing the lateral members 40a, 40b towards each other.

[0121] An inspection window 41 is also formed in the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b. The inspection window 41 is configured as through-opening for allowing visual inspection of the patient's ears from the outside of the device 100. This is particularly advantageous to check for bleedings, cerebrospinal fluid outflows, etc.

[0122] According to both the first example and the second example of the present disclosure, a third locking arrangement 26 is provided. The third locking arrangement 26 is intended for preventing or allowing rotation of the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b in at least the above mentioned rest and operating positions.

[0123] Specifically, the third locking arrangement 26 comprises a release knob or button 27 provided in the head support assembly 20. A most preferred position to provide the release knob or button 27 is on the bridge member 40c of the head holding structure 40. the third locking arrangement 26 comprises further comprises biasing means configured to act against said release knob or button. While the release knob or button 27 is not actuated, the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b are locked in either the above mentioned rest or operating positions. In order to pivot the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b, the first aider operates the release knob or button 27 against the biasing means causing the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b as well as the bridge member 40c to be released and thus allowed to be pivoted as required. As soon as the release knob or button 27 is released, the biasing means act again thereon causing the opposite lateral members 40a, 40b to be locked again.

[0124] The biasing means may comprise, for example, a plastic leaf spring preferably made of natural or synthetic rubber. The biasing means may be formed of similar or equivalent materials as long as they are not made of metal, such as, for example, plastic, neoprene, silicone, nitrile, vinyl, thermoplastic elastomers, etc. No metal springs are thus provided.

[0125] The opposite lateral members 40a, 40b and the bridge member 40c of the head holding structure 40, that may be supplied preassembled or may be assembled onsite, are clamped to the shaft 23 of the head support assembly 20.

[0126] In the device 100 according to any of the first and second examples, the support base 10 includes handles 17 for ease of handling. In the examples shown in the drawings, the handles 17 are defined by through-openings formed at opposite sides of the support base 10, i.e. arranged away from a longitudinal axis of the support base 10. Other configurations and locations for the handles 17 are not ruled out as long as handling of the device 100 is facilitated.

[0127] As described above, the present device 100 may be provided with only one type of cervical area restraining arrangement 50. For example, the present device 100 may be provided with either a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the first example, shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, comprising pivotable arms 50c, 50d, or a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 according to the second example, shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings, comprising detachable arms 50a, 50b. However, as described above, it is also envisaged that the present device 100 is provided with a combination of different types of cervical area restraining arrangements 50, for example, a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 comprising pivotable arms 50c, 50d and a cervical area restraining arrangement 50 comprising detachable arms 50a, 50b. Other cervical area restraining arrangements are not ruled out either alone or in combination with the above.

[0128] The present device 100 according to any of the above first and second examples is advantageous for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or trauma stabilization, with other procedures being also envisaged.

[0129] When a critical or emergency situation arises in which a person is involved requiring basic first aid, the P.A.S. (Protect, Alert, Save) action protocol should be followed. This can be efficiently performed through the use of the present device 100.

[0130] When a victim is found to be unresponsive, with no breathing or with no normal breathing (e.g. only gasping), emergency response is activated by the first aider. In this case, the first aider gets a defibrillator and starts CPR procedure using the present device 100. During the period of time in which no need for electric shock is required by the defibrillator, the device 100 is applied placing the support base 10 under the patient and then assembling and applying the head support assembly 20 with the head holding structure 40. Then, rhythm and shock, if indicated, are checked every 2 minutes by the defibrillator. If it is found that electric shock is not recommended, CPR is then applied. Oxygen is supplied though mask holder 65 fitted in the head holding structure 40 of the device100.

[0131] When a victim is found to be breathing, the first aider applies the present device 100 for trauma stabilization placing the support base 10 under the patient and then assembling and applying the head support assembly 20 with the head holding structure 40 and the other parts. The cervical area restraining arrangement 50 is arranged to properly hold the patient's head and shoulders in position also through the use of the mask holder 65 mounted to the mask holder receiving arrangement 60 to retain the patient's chin in position, until the patient becomes properly immobilized.

[0132] The PAS protocol is also applied if the victim is conscious and is breathing.

[0133] Although the restraining arms 50a, 50b, 50c 50d might not be necessary to be applied in CPR procedures, they can be applied where considered necessary when a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head is required to be maintained for restraining the movement of the patient.

[0134] If required for mechanical CPR, an automatic chest compression device such as the Lund University Cardiopulmonary Assist System (LUCAS) device may be integrated to provide mechanical chest compressions. This can be carried out through coupling holes 13 formed in the support base 10 as illustrated in the examples shown in figures 5-8 of the drawings. The chest compression can be performed while oxygen is simultaneously supplied through the ventilation mask 62. Advantageously, a ventilation device will not be required as stated above.

[0135] Once a CPR or trauma procedure has been applied, the patient's evaluation on the part of the first aider may continue where required.

[0136] Although examples of the present device 100 have been disclosed herein, other alternatives, modifications, uses and / or equivalents thereof are possible. Furthermore, all possible combinations of the described examples are also covered. Thus, the scope of the present disclosure should not be limited by particular examples but should be determined only by a fair reading of the claims that follow.

[0137] Reference signs related to drawings, placed in parentheses in a claim, are solely for attempting to increase the intelligibility of the claim, and shall not be construed as limiting the scope of the claim.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0056]Reference is first made to figures 1-4 of the drawings showing a first example of a device for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment.

[0057]According to said first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings, the present device 100 comprises a support base 10. The support base 10 may be of any size depending on the requirements or applications, such as, for example, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), trauma stabilization, etc. For example, the support base 10 of the device 100 according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings is a small wedge-shaped plate, such as for example 465 x 248 mm in size, which has been found to be very efficient for applications on clean and / or even grounds.

[0058]The support base 10 of the device according to the first example shown in figures 1-4 of the drawings is shorter than the support base 10 of the device 100 according to the second example that is shown in figures 5-13 of the drawings....

Claims

1. A device (100) for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment, the device (100) comprising: - a support base (10) for supporting at least the patient's cervical area; - a head support assembly (20) for receiving and holding the patient's head; and - a cervical area restraining arrangement (50), wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprises at least one restraining arm (50c, 50d) mounted on the support base (10) such that it can be pivoted with respect to the support base (10), towards or away from the head support assembly (20), and wherein the device (100) further comprises locking means for locking the restraining arm (50c, 50d) in one of several different angular positions, contacting and restraining the patient's shoulders, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

2. The device (100) of claim 1, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) can be arranged at least in a rest position, folded down to the support base (10), and in a working position, pivoted away from the support base (10) for restraining the patient's shoulders.

3. The device (100) of claim 2, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) is arranged at least substantially flush with the support base (10) in the rest position.

4. The device (100) of claim 2 or 3, wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) can be displaced laterally to the support base (10) before leaving the rest position.

5. The device (100) of any preceding claim, wherein the cervical area restraining arms (50c, 50d) include a bent portion for receiving the patient's shoulders.

6. The device (100) of any preceding claim, wherein it further includes at least two detachable restraining arms (50a, 50b) that can be removably attached to the support base (10) in different positions there along, towards or away from the head support assembly (20) to contact and restrain the patient's cervical area, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained; and wherein the support base (10) includes a series of receiving cavities (12) formed there along and the restraining arms (50a, 50b) include at least one leg(51) to be inserted in one of the receiving cavities (12).

7. Device (100) for restraining certain portions of a patient's anatomy for first aid treatment, the device (100) comprising: - a support base (10) for supporting at least the patient's shoulders; - a head support assembly (20) for receiving and holding the patient's head; and - a cervical area restraining arrangement (50), wherein the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) comprises at least one detachable restraining arm (50a, 50b) that can be removably attached to the support base (10) in different positions there along, towards or away from the head support assembly (20), to contact and restrain the patient's cervical area, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained; and wherein the support base (10) includes a series of receiving cavities (12) formed there along, and the restraining arms (50a, 50b) include at least one leg (51) to be inserted in one of the receiving cavities (12).

8. The device (100) of claim 7, wherein the restraining arms (50a, 50b) are configured such that, in use, a force exerted by the patient's shoulders against the restraining arms (50a, 50b) tends to lock them to the support base (10).

9. The device (100) of claim 7 or 8, wherein the at least one leg (51) of each restraining arm (50a, 50b) is L-shaped such that when inserted into one of the receiving cavities (12) of the support base (10), it may be slid under the support base (10) towards the head support assembly (20) to lock the restraining arm (50a, 50b) to the support base (10).

10. The device (100) of any of the claims 7-9, wherein the restraining arms (50a, 50b) include a bent portion for receiving the patient's shoulders.

11. The device (100) of any of the claims 7-10, wherein the support base (10) and the cervical area restraining arrangement (50) further comprise guide means (16, 56) for facilitating mutual attachment.

12. The device (100) of claim 11, wherein the guide means comprise a groove (16) formed in the support base (10) configured for slidingly receiving a protrusion (56) of the restraining arms (50a, 50b).

13. The device (100) of any of the claims 7-12, wherein it further includes restraining arms (50c, 50d) mounted on the support base (10) such that they can be pivoted with respect to the support base (10), towards or away from the head support assembly (20), and wherein the device (100) further comprises locking means for locking each restraining arm (50c, 50d) in one of several different angular positions, contacting and restraining the patient shoulders, such that a distance and an alignment between the patient's shoulders and the patient's head are maintained.

14. The device (100) of any preceding claim, wherein the head support assembly (20) is pivotally attached to the support base (10) for arranging the patient's head at a given inclination.

15. The device (100) of any preceding claim, wherein it further comprises a head holding structure (40) pivotally mounted to the support base (10) for holding at least two sides of the patient's head, the head holding structure (40) comprising two opposite lateral members (40a, 40b) spaced apart at an adjustable distance from each other so that the patient's head can be positioned there between.

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