System for regulating a clock movement comprising a device for stopping an oscillator

Abstract

One aspect of the invention relates to a regulating system (200) comprising a stop device (150) having a retaining member (151), integral with the balance wheel (121), configured to cooperate with a stop pawl (155) mounted freely for rotation at one end of a stop lever (152), said stop lever (152) being movable between an inactive position allowing free oscillation of the mechanical oscillator (120) and an activated position in which the stop pawl (155) is on the path of the retaining member (151), said stop pawl (155) being configured so that, in the activated position of the stop lever (152), it allows the retaining member (151) to pass in the direction of rotation (S1, S2) of the ongoing alternation of the balance wheel (121), upon activation of the stop device (150), to block the rotation in the reverse direction of rotation (S2, S1) of the balance wheel (121) during the next alternation,said ratchet stop (155) forming a stop against the passage of the retaining member (151).

Description

Technical field of the invention

[0001] The field of the invention relates to the regulating systems of watch movements.

[0002] The invention relates more particularly to stopping devices for stopping a mechanical oscillator equipping such regulating systems, in particular during a time-setting operation, or during a minimum winding level of the barrel.

[0003] The invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising a regulating system and to a clockwork part comprising such a clockwork movement. Technological background

[0004] Typically, a regulating system includes a mechanical oscillator comprising a balance wheel and an elastic element.

[0005] In a high-end timepiece, the regulator system may also include a device for stopping the mechanical oscillator.

[0006] Such an oscillator stop device, also called a "balance stop," is used to halt the oscillation of the balance wheel when setting the time on the timepiece using the stem, thus freezing the position of the seconds hand. This stop device allows the watch movement to be restarted at a precise moment.

[0007] Traditional mechanical oscillator stop devices, typically those used for balance wheels, consist of a stop lever controlled by the position of the timepiece's control stem or by pressing a pusher. Typically, the end of the lever rests against the outer edge of the balance wheel rim or against the balance staff.

[0008] Another solution, as described in US patent 2,212,535, proposes using several balance wheel screws, distributed on the rim and directed outwards, as stops to cooperate with a pin provided at the end of a stop lever when the latter is actuated by a stop control.

[0009] The drawback of such stopping devices is that the angular position at which the mechanical oscillator stops is random. Thus, there is a risk that the balance wheel will stop in a position where the elastic element has little or no potential energy, preventing the oscillator from restarting. Furthermore, if the balance wheel stops while the elastic element has non-zero potential energy, this energy will vary and differ with each stop depending on the balance wheel's angular position at the time of stopping. Consequently, the balance wheel's amplitude upon restarting will be variable, and the resumption of timekeeping will not be precise.

[0010] A solution was proposed by US patent 3,733,805, which consists of incorporating at least one serrated section around the edge of the balance wheel rim. This section is made up of a series of concave indentations alternating with convex protrusions. The serrated section extends over an angular sector from 30° to 90°. However, even though this solution prevents the balance wheel from stopping in the position where the elastic element has zero potential energy due to the position of the serrated section, the angular position of the balance wheel at rest remains random along this section. Thus, the amplitude of the balance wheel during its restart will vary, leading to inaccuracies when it resumes running, which is unacceptable in timepieces designed to measure time with high precision.

[0011] Another solution was proposed in patent application EP 2 221 678, which consists of a heart-shaped cam attached to a balance staff associated with a balance spring, and a lever in the form of a hammer. When actuated, this lever bears against the heart and locks the balance wheel. The heart shape is designed to bring the balance wheel into a predetermined angular position where the balance spring possesses non-zero potential energy. However, this solution also has drawbacks, as additional stress is applied to both the balance wheel and the balance spring when the balance wheel returns to the angular position. Furthermore, the heart-shaped cam can cause the oscillator to rotate in the opposite direction to its natural cycle.

[0012] Therefore, there is a need to improve the regulatory systems of watch movements and in particular the stopping devices. Summary of the invention

[0013] The present invention aims to remedy at least one of the aforementioned drawbacks, by proposing a regulating system comprising a mechanical oscillator stop device ensuring that the mechanical oscillator stops in a predetermined angular position without interaction on the balance wheel axis and that ensures a rapid and precise resumption of operation.

[0014] The present invention also aims to provide a device for stopping a mechanical oscillator allowing the balance wheel to be stopped in an angular position in which the spring has a non-zero potential energy allowing an immediate self-start of the mechanical oscillator.

[0015] To this end, the present invention relates to a regulating system for a clockwork movement comprising: a mechanical oscillator, oscillating around an oscillation axis A1, comprising a balance wheel coupled to a spring, each oscillation of said mechanical oscillator being composed of two successive alternations characterized by the rotation of the balance wheel in two successive and opposite directions of rotation; a mechanical oscillator stop device configured to lock the balance wheel in a predetermined angular position for each of the two oscillation alternations of the mechanical oscillator, in which the spring has a non-zero potential energy.

[0016] According to the invention, the stopping device comprises a retaining member, fixed to the balance wheel, configured to cooperate with a free-rotating stop pawl mounted at one end of a stop lever. The stop lever is movable between an inactive position allowing free oscillation of the mechanical oscillator and an activated position in which the stop pawl is in the path of the retaining member. Furthermore, the stop pawl is configured so that, in the activated position of the stop lever, it allows the retaining member to pass in the direction of rotation of the current balance wheel's oscillation upon activation of the stopping device, and to block rotation in the opposite direction of the balance wheel's rotation during the next oscillation. The stop pawl acts as a stop to the passage of the retaining member.

[0017] Preferably, the stop ratchet is held in an equilibrium position by a stop spring.

[0018] Preferably, the stop ratchet has a first beak formed by the junction of a first sliding surface and a first stop surface, the first sliding surface being configured to, in contact with the retaining member, ensure a rotation of the stop ratchet, in the first direction of rotation of the balance wheel, against the stop spring, so as to allow the passage of the retaining member in a first direction of rotation of the balance wheel, the first stop surface being configured to form a stop to the passage of the retaining member and to block the rotation of the balance wheel in a second direction of rotation, opposite to the first direction of rotation of the balance wheel.

[0019] Preferably, the stop ratchet has a second beak formed by the junction of a second sliding surface and a second stop surface, the second sliding surface being configured to, in contact with the retaining member, ensure a rotation of the stop ratchet, in the second direction of rotation of the balance wheel, against the stop spring, so as to allow the passage of the retaining member in the second direction of rotation of the balance wheel, the second stop surface being configured to form a stop to the passage of the retaining member and to block the rotation of the balance wheel in the first direction of rotation.

[0020] Preferably, the first nozzle and the second nozzle are positioned in opposition and symmetry with respect to a plane passing through the axis of rotation of the stop ratchet and through the axis of oscillation of the mechanical oscillator.

[0021] Preferably, the stop ratchet has a C-shape where the two ends of the C carry the first beak and the second beak.

[0022] Preferably, the stopper device is configured to lock the balance wheel in an angular position with an angular offset of between 120° and 180° (clockwise or counterclockwise), preferably between 120° and 180°, relative to a rest angular position P0 of the balance wheel. The rest angular position P0 of the balance wheel corresponds to the position in which the mainspring is unconstrained, that is, neither contracted nor extended. In other words, in this rest angular position P0, the balance wheel has zero potential energy. When the balance wheel is in its rest position P0, the stopper is aligned with the escapement line.

[0023] Preferably, the balance wheel comprises a rim attached to a central part by arms, the retaining element being positioned at the level of one of the arms or at the level of the rim.

[0024] Preferably, the retaining element is made of material with the balance wheel or is formed by a pin, a peg, or a stud driven onto the balance wheel.

[0025] The invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising a regulating system according to the invention.

[0026] Preferably, the watch movement includes a direct impulse escapement associated with the regulating system according to the invention.

[0027] Preferably, the direct impulse escapement is a natural escapement. Brief description of the figures

[0028] The aims, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description below, which refers to the following figures: there figure 1 schematically illustrates, from a top view, an example of an embodiment of a regulating system according to the invention, comprising a stop device; the figure 1 This particularly illustrates the regulator system when the stop device is in the deactivated position; the figure 2 schematically illustrates, in a top view, the regulator system when the stop device is in the activated position; figures 3 to 6 illustrate different states of the pendulum and the stopping device when the stopping device is activated, leading to the pendulum stopping; the figure 7 is a synoptic diagram of a clockwork movement incorporating a regulating system according to the invention illustrated in figures 1 to 6 .

[0029] In all figures, common elements bear the same reference numbers unless otherwise specified. Detailed description of the invention

[0030] THE figures 1 to 6schematically illustrate, in top view, different states of an example of an embodiment of a regulator system 100 for a clock movement 200 according to the invention comprising a stop device 10.

[0031] There figure 1 particularly illustrates the regulator system 100 in operation when the stop device 150 is in an inactive position.

[0032] There figure 2 particularly illustrates the regulator system 100 at the moment of activation of the stop device 150, when the latter is in an activated position.

[0033] The regulator system 100 includes a mechanical oscillator 120 oscillating around an oscillation axis A1.

[0034] The mechanical oscillator 120 includes a balance wheel 121 equipped with a rim 122, generally circular in shape, attached to a central part 124 by balance arms 123. The central part 124 is integral with a balance shaft 125, extending along the oscillation axis A1.

[0035] In a conventional manner, the balance wheel 121 is coupled to a spring 130, for example a balance spring, schematically represented by a circle in dotted lines on the figure 1 to avoid overloading it. The coupling of the balance spring 130 to the balance wheel 121 is carried out in a conventional manner.

[0036] Each oscillation of said mechanical oscillator 120 is defined by the succession of two alternations characterized by the rotation of the balance wheel 121 in a first direction of rotation S1 and then in a second direction of rotation S2 opposite.

[0037] During the first oscillation, the balance spring 130 of the mechanical oscillator 120 will, for example, contract until it reaches a maximum contraction at a first angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121. During the next oscillation, the balance spring 130 of the mechanical oscillator 120 will relax and then extend until it reaches a maximum relaxation at a second angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121, and so on. It is evident that the angular positions at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121 depend on the amount of energy available at the mainspring barrel.

[0038] During each oscillation of the mechanical oscillator 120, the balance wheel 121 passes through an angular position in which the potential energy of the balance spring 130 is zero. In this particular angular position of the balance wheel 121, the balance spring 130 is completely relaxed and exhibits neither expansion nor contraction. This particular angular position is referred to here as the rest position P0.

[0039] The regulator system 100 according to the invention includes a stop device 150 allowing the position of the mechanical oscillator 120, and more particularly the balance wheel 121, to be locked in a predetermined angular position Pbloc, Pbloc', at the user's request.

[0040] The stop device 150 advantageously allows the balance wheel 121 to be locked in a predetermined angular position in which the balance spring 130 has a non-zero potential energy, a position for which the restart of the balance wheel 121 is ensured.

[0041] For example, the stop device 150 according to the invention makes it possible to block the balance wheel 121 in a first predetermined angular position Pbloc in which the balance spring 130 is contracted and has sufficient energy to ensure an autonomous start of the regulating system 100.

[0042] According to an alternative embodiment, the stop device 150 according to the invention allows the balance wheel 121 to be locked in a second predetermined angular position Pbloc' in which the balance spring 130 is deployed and has sufficient energy to ensure autonomous start-up of the regulator system 100.

[0043] Preferably, the stop device 150 according to the invention is configured to block the balance wheel 121 both in a first predetermined angular position Pbloc in which the balance spring 130 is contracted and has sufficient energy to ensure self-starting of the regulator system 100 and in a second predetermined angular position Pbloc' in which the balance spring 130 is deployed and has sufficient energy to ensure autonomous starting of the regulator system 100, depending on the alternation in which the mechanical oscillator 120 is located when the stop device 150 is activated.

[0044] Thus, the stop device 150 according to the invention advantageously allows the balance wheel 121 to be locked in a predetermined angular position, regardless of the alternation of the oscillation when the stop device 150 is activated.

[0045] Preferably, the stop device 150 is configured to ensure a blockage of the balance wheel 121 in an angular position Pbloc, Pbloc' having an angular offset between 120° and 180° with respect to the angular rest position P 0 of the balance wheel 121.

[0046] Preferably, the stop device 150 is configured to ensure a blockage of the balance wheel 121 in an angular position Pbloc, Pbloc' having an angular offset between 130° and 180° with respect to the angular rest position P 0 of the balance wheel 121.

[0047] Preferably, the stop device 150 is configured to ensure a blockage of the balance wheel 121 in an angular position Pbloc, Pbloc' having an angular offset between 140° and 180° with respect to the angular rest position P 0 of the balance wheel 121.

[0048] Preferably, the stop device 150 is configured to ensure a blockage of the balance wheel 121 in an angular position Pbloc, Pbloc' having an angular offset between 150° and 180° with respect to the angular rest position P 0 of the balance wheel 121.

[0049] Thanks to the invention, when restarting the clock movement 200, the balance wheel 121 will be able to start again with a known and constant amplitude over time, thus ensuring good accuracy of the clock movement 200. Such a stopping device 150 is notably applicable with any type of oscillator and regulator.

[0050] The stopping device 150 includes a retaining element 151 attached to the rocker arm 121.

[0051] The retaining member 151 extends in a direction parallel to the oscillation axis A1 of the mechanical oscillator 120, so as to protrude from an upper or lower face of the balance wheel 121.

[0052] Preferably, the retaining element 151 is provided on the face of the balance wheel which is opposite the balance spring 130.

[0053] The retaining member 151 is for example a pin, a pin, a peg, a stop, etc., mounted on the upper or lower face of the balance wheel 121. The retaining member 151 may also be made of the same material as the balance wheel 121.

[0054] Preferably, the retaining element 151 is located at the level of the rim 122 or at the level of one of the arms of the balance wheel 123. The retaining element 151 has a predetermined position relative to the escapement line, which corresponds to the straight line from the axis of rotation of the balance staff 125 to the axis of rotation of the escape wheel shaft (not shown). Advantageously, the retaining element 151 is positioned on the balance wheel so as to be aligned with the escapement line when the balance wheel 121 is in its angular rest position P0.

[0055] The stop device 150 also includes a stop lever 152, or stop rocker, operated directly or indirectly by a stop control that can be activated on demand by the user or by a gear in the watch movement. The stop control can, for example, be activated by a control rod, a winding stem, or a pusher.

[0056] The stop lever 152 is movable in rotation about an axis of rotation A2 between an inactive position (illustrated in the figure 1 ) in which the mechanical oscillator 120 oscillates freely and an activated position (illustrated in the figure 2 ). The different positions of the stop lever 152 are, for example, indexed by a pin 157, or a fixed pin, for example attached to a plate or bridge of the watch movement 200, cooperating against the ends of a slot 156 provided in the body of the stop lever 152. Of course, an inverse arrangement of a pin attached to the stop lever 152 cooperating with a slot provided on a plate or bridge of the watch movement is also possible without departing from the context of the invention.

[0057] The stop lever 152 is coupled, at the end opposite the axis of rotation A2, to a stop ratchet 155 configured to cooperate with the retaining member 151 of the balance wheel 121 when the stop device 150 is activated. In the activated position of the stop lever 152, the stop ratchet 155 is positioned on the circular path of the retaining member 151.

[0058] The stop ratchet 155 is mounted freely to rotate on the end of the stop lever 152 around an axis of rotation A3 and cooperates with a ratchet spring 154 tending to reposition the stop ratchet 155 in an equilibrium position when it is not stressed.

[0059] The ratchet spring 154 bears against a pin 153 mounted on the stop lever 152 and on the back of the stop ratchet 155.

[0060] In a first inactive position of the stop lever 152, that is, when the stop device 150 is not actuated, the stop pawl 155 is not positioned on the path of the retaining member 151, so that the balance wheel 121 can oscillate freely under the impulse of the balance spring 130. This first position of free oscillation of the mechanical oscillator 120 is illustrated in the figure 1 .

[0061] When the stop control is activated, the stop control directly or indirectly drives the stop lever 152, which pivots around the axis of rotation A2 into its activated position as illustrated in the figure 2 , bringing the stop pawl 155 closer to the balance shaft 125 and so as to position the stop pawl 155 on the path of the retaining member 151. In this activated position of the stop lever 152, the pin 157 is in butt with the upper end of the slot 156.

[0062] The stop ratchet 155 includes at least one beak 158a, 158b configured to cooperate with the retaining member 151 attached to the balance wheel 121 and to block the rotation of the balance wheel 151 in a predetermined angular position by cooperating with the retaining member 151.

[0063] Preferably, the stop pawl 155 has a C-shaped form and comprises two opposing jaws 158a, 158b arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the axis of rotation A3 of the stop pawl 155 and the axis of oscillation A1 of the mechanical oscillator 120. Preferably, the two jaws 158a, 158b are provided at the ends of the C. The two jaws 158a, 158b advantageously allow the balance wheel 121 to be locked in two predetermined angular positions Pbloc, Pbloc', one position for each alternation composing an oscillation of the mechanical oscillator 120.

[0064] More specifically, each beak 158a, 158b has a profile configured to allow the passage of the retaining member 151 in a particular direction of rotation of the balance wheel 121, and to block the retaining member 151 in the opposite direction of rotation of the balance wheel 121.

[0065] Each beak 158a, 158b is formed by the junction of a sliding surface 159 and a stopping surface 160, the two surfaces 159, 160 joining at the level of a terminal part.

[0066] The sliding surface 159 is configured to cooperate without jamming with the retaining member 151 during the rotation of the rocker arm 121 in a predetermined direction of rotation. The sliding surface 159 has an orientation that allows the stop pawl 155 to rotate about its axis of rotation A3 under the action of the retaining member 151, counteracting the force of the pawl spring 154.

[0067] The stopping surface 160 includes at least one portion oriented substantially perpendicular to the trajectory of the retaining member 151 in a second direction of rotation of the balance wheel 121, opposite to the direction of rotation described previously, to form a stop to the passage of the retaining member 151 and to block the rotation of the balance wheel 121.

[0068] For example, the first beak 158a is configured to allow the passage of the retaining member 151 in the first direction of rotation S1 of the balance wheel 121 (clockwise direction), and to block the retaining member 151 in the second direction of rotation S2 of the balance wheel (counterclockwise direction).

[0069] For example, the second beak 158b is configured to allow the passage of the retaining member 151 in the second direction of rotation S2 (counter-clockwise) of the balance wheel 121, and to block the retaining member 151 in the first direction of rotation S1 of the balance wheel (clockwise).

[0070] The 155 stop ratchet therefore has an operation similar to a double ratchet.

[0071] When the stop command is activated, two scenarios may occur depending on the oscillation pattern in which the mechanical oscillator 120 is located.

[0072] If the pendulum 121 rotates clockwise S1 when the stop command is activated, as represented by the figure 2 The balance wheel 121 will continue its rotation around its oscillation axis A1 in the clockwise direction S1 until it reaches a first angular position at the end of oscillation (illustrated in the figure 5) before resuming its counterclockwise rotation S2 for the next oscillation. During this alternating oscillation, the stop pawl 155, being on the path of the retaining member 151, will come into contact with the sliding surface 159, at a distal portion of the terminal part of the first beak 158a. This position of the rocker arm 121 is illustrated particularly in the figure 3 .

[0073] Under the inertia of the rocker arm 121, the retaining member 151 will cooperate with the first sliding surface 159 of the jaw 158a, the slope of which will generate a rotation of the stop pawl 155 around its axis of rotation A3, exceeding the force exerted by the pawl spring 154 bearing against the back of the jaws 158a, 158b, as illustrated in the figure 4 . There figure 4 particularly illustrates the retaining element 151 in contact with the terminal part of the first spout 158a, before it tilts into the equilibrium position.

[0074] The pivoting of the stop pawl 155 thus allows the balance wheel 121 to continue its rotation and reach the first angular position at the end of oscillation illustrated by the figure 5 .

[0075] In this first angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121, the balance spring 130 will seek to unwind and cause the balance wheel 121 to rotate in the opposite direction, corresponding to the counter-clockwise rotation S2, as illustrated in the figure 6At the beginning of this reverse rotation phase, here in the counterclockwise direction S2, the retaining member 151 will be blocked by the stop ratchet 155. More specifically, the retaining member 151 will come into contact with the first stop surface 160 of the first beak 158a. The first stop surface 160 forms a locking stop, locking the retaining member 151 and consequently the balance wheel 121 in a predetermined first angular position Pbloc in which the balance spring 130 has a known and sufficient potential energy to ensure a restart of the oscillations.

[0076] If the balance wheel 121 rotates counterclockwise S2 when the stop command is activated, the balance wheel 121 will continue its rotation around its oscillation axis A1 counterclockwise S2 until it reaches a second angular end-of-oscillation position before resuming its counterclockwise rotation S1 for the next oscillation. The first angular end-of-oscillation position during the clockwise rotation S1 of the balance wheel 121 and the second angular end-of-oscillation position during the counterclockwise rotation S2 of the balance wheel 121 may be identical or relatively close to each other.

[0077] During this alternating oscillation, the stop ratchet 155 being on the trajectory of the retaining member 151, the latter will come into contact with the second sliding surface 159, at the level of a distal portion of the terminal part of the second beak 158b.

[0078] Under the inertia of the rocker arm 121, the retaining member 151 will cooperate with the second sliding surface 159 of the second beak 158b whose slope will generate a rotation of the stop pawl 155 around its axis of rotation, in a rotation opposite to the direction of rotation described previously, going beyond the force exerted by the pawl spring 154 bearing on the back of the beaks 158a, 158b.

[0079] The pivoting of the stop ratchet 155 thus allows the balance wheel 121 to continue its rotation and to arrive in the second position of the end of oscillation of the balance wheel 121.

[0080] In this second angular position at the end of the oscillation of the balance wheel 121, the balance spring 130 will seek to contract and drive the balance wheel 121 in a reverse rotation, corresponding to the direction of clockwise rotation S1.

[0081] At the beginning of this reverse rotation phase, here in the clockwise direction S1, the retaining member 151 will be blocked by the stop pawl 155. More specifically, the retaining member 151 will come into contact with the second stopping surface 160 of the second beak 158b. The second stopping surface 160 forms a locking stop, locking the retaining member 151 and the balance wheel 121 in a second predetermined angular position Pbloc' in which the balance spring 130 has a known and sufficient potential energy to ensure a restart of the oscillations.

[0082] Thanks to the invention, it is possible to stop the balance wheel 121 in at least one predetermined angular position Pbloc, Pbloc' in which the balance spring 130 has a known and sufficient potential energy regardless of the alternation of oscillation of the mechanical oscillator 120.

[0083] Of course, the stop ratchet 155 can only have one beak 158a, 158b to stop the rocker 121 in a single angular position Pbloc, Pbloc' among those described previously.

[0084] To unlock the mechanical oscillator 120 under the action of the stop control or by repositioning it in the reference position, the stop lever 152 is repositioned in its inactive position and releases the retaining member 151 and therefore the balance wheel 121 which is free to oscillate.

[0085] Such a regulator system 100 is particularly suitable for use with a direct impulse escapement, such as a natural escapement, or with an escapement that does not automatically restart the balance wheel after a stop. However, the regulator system 100 can be used with any type of escapement.

[0086] The regulating system according to the invention, and more particularly the stopping device, makes it possible to stop the balance wheel at a predetermined angular position with sufficient energy to ensure autonomous restart of the oscillations after a stop. The regulating system according to the invention also prevents any unwanted movements that might occur with prior art stopping devices when the balance wheel is stopped. Thus, the normal operation of the components constituting the escapement and the regulating system is avoided.

[0087] The invention also relates to a watch movement 200 comprising a regulator system 100 according to the invention.

[0088] Preferably, the watch movement 200 includes a regulator system 100 according to the invention with a direct impulse escapement, such as a natural escapement.

Claims

1. Regulator system (100) for a clockwork movement (200) comprising: - a mechanical oscillator (120), oscillating around an oscillation axis (A1), comprising a balance wheel (121) coupled to a spring (130), each oscillation of said mechanical oscillator (120) being composed of two successive alternations characterized by the rotation of the balance wheel (121) in two successive and opposite directions of rotation (S1, S2); - a stopping device (150) of the mechanical oscillator (120) configured to block the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pblock, Pblock') for each of the two alternations of the mechanical oscillator (120), in which the spring (130) has a non-zero potential energy; characterized in thatThe stopping device (150) comprises a retaining member (151), integral with the balance wheel (121), configured to cooperate with a stop pawl (155) mounted freely for rotation at one end of a stop lever (152), said stop lever (152) being movable between an inactive position allowing free oscillation of the mechanical oscillator (120) and an activated position in which the stop pawl (155) is in the path of the retaining member (151), said stop pawl (155) being configured so that, in the activated position of the stop lever (152), it allows the retaining member (151) to pass in the direction of rotation (S1, S2) of the current alternation of the balance wheel (121), upon activation of the stopping device (150), and to block rotation in the opposite direction of rotation (S2, S1) of the balance wheel. (121) during the next alternation, said stop ratchet (155) forming a stop to the passage of the retaining member (151).

2. Regulator system (100) for clockwork movement (200) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the stop ratchet (155) is held in an equilibrium position by a stop spring (154).

3. Regulator system (100) for clockwork movement (200) according to the preceding claim characterized in thatThe stop pawl (155) has a first beak (158a) formed by the junction of a first sliding surface (159) and a first stop surface (160), the first sliding surface (159) being configured to, in contact with the retaining member (151), ensure a rotation of the stop pawl (155) against the stop spring (154), so as to allow the passage of the retaining member (151) in a first direction of rotation (S1) of the balance wheel (121), the first stop surface (160) being configured to form a stop to the passage of the retaining member (151) and to block the rotation of the balance wheel (121) in a second direction of rotation (S2), opposite to the first direction of rotation (S1) of the balance wheel (121).

4. Regulator system (100) for clockwork movement (200) according to the preceding claim characterized in thatThe stop ratchet (155) has a second beak (158b) formed by the junction of a second sliding surface (159) and a second stop surface (160), the second sliding surface (159) being configured to, in contact with the retaining member (151), ensure a rotation of the stop ratchet (155) against the stop spring (154), so as to allow the passage of the retaining member (151) in the second direction of rotation (S2) of the balance wheel (121), the second stop surface (160) being configured to form a stop to the passage of the retaining member (151) and to block the rotation of the balance wheel (121) in the first direction of rotation (S1).

5. Regulator system (100) for clockwork movement (200) according to the preceding claim characterized in thatThe first nozzle (158a) and the second nozzle (158b) are positioned in opposition and symmetry with respect to a plane passing through the axis of rotation (A3) of the stop ratchet (155) and through the axis of oscillation (A1) of the mechanical oscillator (120).

6. Regulator system (100) for clockwork movement (200) according to the preceding claim characterized in that the stop ratchet (155) has a C shape where the two ends of the C carry the first beak (158a) and the second beak (158b).

7. Regulator system (100) for a clockwork movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that The stop device (150) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pbloc, Pbloc') having an angular offset between 120° and 180° with respect to a rest angular position of the balance wheel (P0) in which the balance wheel (121) has zero potential energy.

8. Regulator system (100) for a clockwork movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the stop device (150) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pblock, Pblock') having an angular offset between 130° and 180° with respect to a rest angular position of the balance wheel (P0) in which the balance wheel (121) has zero potential energy.

9. Regulator system (100) for a clockwork movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the stop device (150) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pblock, Pblock') having an angular offset between 140° and 180° with respect to a rest angular position of the balance wheel (P0) in which the balance wheel (121) has zero potential energy.

10. Regulator system (100) for a clockwork movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the stop device (150) is configured to lock the balance wheel (121) in a predetermined angular position (Pblock, Pblock') having an angular offset between 150° and 180° with respect to a rest angular position of the balance wheel (P0) in which the balance wheel (121) has zero potential energy.

11. Regulator system (100) for a clockwork movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the balance wheel (121) has a rim (122) attached to a central part (124) by arms (123), the retaining member (151) being positioned at the level of one of the arms (123) or at the level of the rim (122).

12. Regulator system (100) for a clockwork movement (200) according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in thatthe retaining member (151) is made of material with the balance wheel (121) or is formed by a peg, a pin or a pin driven onto the balance wheel (121).

13. Clock movement (200) comprising a regulating system (100) according to any one of the preceding claims.

14. Clockwork movement (200) according to the preceding claim characterized in that it includes a direct impulse escapement associated with the regulating system (100).

15. Clockwork movement (200) according to the preceding claim characterized in that Direct impulse escapement is a natural escapement.

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