Winding machine for a musical string

Abstract

Winding machine (1) for a musical string (2) with two rotatable clamping devices (4, 5) for clamping a string core (7) and for rotation about a clamping device rotation axis (6), comprising a feeding device (11) for feeding a first winding element (13) in a first feeding direction (15) to the string core (7) during a winding process, comprising a deflection device (100) for section-wise deflection of the string core (7), wherein the deflection device (100) together with the feeding device (11) is movable parallel to the clamping device rotation axis (6) between the two clamping devices (4, 5), wherein the feeding device (11) and the deflection device (100) are designed and interact in such a way that a winding point (17) is formed at which the first winding element (13) is wound around the string core (7),and at the winding point (17) the string core (7) rests against the deflection device (100) and the shape of the deflection of the string core (7) essentially corresponds to the shape of a first contact part (21) of the deflection device (100).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a winding machine for a musical string according to claim 1.

[0002] Some musical strings consist of only a single wire. However, most musical strings have a load-bearing core wrapped with at least one non-load-bearing winding element, which is wound helically around the core during the string's manufacture. This winding process takes place in or on a specially designed machine. This machine has two opposing clamping devices to which the two ends of the core are attached, rotating the core around its longitudinal axis for the winding process. The winding element is tensioned and wound around the rotating core in a helical pattern. This is achieved by moving or shifting the winding element parallel to the core's longitudinal axis.

[0003] US 2021 / 390929 A1 describes the working process after the winding has already taken place. Although the rollers of the working device deform or bend the string, the tensile force on the winding element is not acting, as the winding process is already complete.

[0004] CN 102 568 447 A describes a machine for string manufacturing. However, in this machine, the current winding point is not located within a guide device but next to it. The winding point is therefore free. The resulting bending curve corresponds to that of a beam clamped at both ends, on which a tensile force acts. The inner shape, and not the edges, but the inner shape of the lateral element 14, has no influence on the shape of the bending curve. In any case, the laterally deflected string core does not assume the shape that the previously passed element 14 has.

[0005] US Patent 4,055,038 A, which is the US patent equivalent to German Patent DE 27 36 567 A1, describes a winding machine. Adjacent to the current winding point is cylinder 100, along which the winding element is guided laterally. However, the current winding point is located next to the cylinder and not within contact with it. According to US Patent 4,055,038 A, this would not be possible in the machine.

[0006] US Patent 635,039 A describes a winding machine in which the current winding point is exposed. The string core is guided, but only before the winding process begins. The actual invention described in US Patent 635,039 A is the method of attaching the ends of the strings to the machine.

[0007] US Patent 3,905,544 A describes a machine for a winding process, wherein the current winding point is located adjacent to parts 14 and 15. However, both parts are straight.

[0008] US 2021 / 214891 A1 describes two plates, with the winding process taking place between them. Although the wound string core follows the shape of the two plates perpendicular to the direction of tension on the winding element, its movement in the direction of tension is restricted only by friction on both sides. This friction, however, only reduces the degree of deflection, not its shape.

[0009] CN 102 867 642 A describes a winding device in which several winding elements are simultaneously applied to the string core or to an existing winding layer beneath it. Guide devices with slots for the string are located on both sides of the winding element dispensing device. The entire arrangement is designed to prevent any deflection due to the tensile force on the winding elements.

[0010] The object of the invention is to provide a winding machine for a musical string of the type mentioned above, with which the sound and playability of the musical string, in particular via its length, and therefore its sound and playability when playing, especially in different positions, can be predictably influenced and / or adjusted during or through the manufacturing process.

[0011] According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of claim 1.

[0012] This allows the sound and playability of the musical string to be predictably influenced and / or adjusted during or through the manufacturing process. This expands the possibilities for adjusting, specifying, or adapting the sound and playability of a musical string during or as a result of its production, independent of the materials used, its construction, and / or its dimensions. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the materials, construction, and / or dimensions to alter the sound and / or playability of the musical string.

[0013] The invention further relates to a method for manufacturing a musical string according to the preamble of claim 13.

[0014] The invention therefore further aims to selectively influence the sound of a musical string by means of the method of its manufacture.

[0015] According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of claim 13.

[0016] The advantages of the procedure correspond to the advantages of the aforementioned generic term.

[0017] The dependent claims relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

[0018] The invention is described in more detail with reference to the enclosed drawings, in which only preferred embodiments are shown by way of example. These show: Fig. 1 a schematic diagram of a winding machine for the production of a musical string; Fig. 2 a floor plan of the winding machine according to Fig. 1 ; Fig. 3 a first preferred embodiment of a deflection device together with a string core during the winding process in an axonometric view; Fig. 4 the order according to Fig. 3 in elevation; Fig. 5 the order according to Fig. 3 in the floor plan; Fig. 6 a second preferred embodiment of a deflection device together with a string core and two counter-holders during the winding process in an axonometric view; Fig. 7 the order according to Fig. 6 in elevation; Fig. 8 the order according to Fig. 6 in the floor plan; Fig. 9 a third preferred embodiment of a deflection device together with a string core during the winding process in an axonometric view; Fig. 10 the order according to Fig. 9 in the floor plan; Fig. 11 the order according to Fig. 9 in side view; and Fig. 12 the order according to Fig. 9 in elevation.

[0019] The Figs. 1 to 2 show a winding machine 1 for a musical string 2, comprising a first rotatable clamping device 4 and a second rotatable clamping device 5, wherein the first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5 are configured for clamping a string core 7 of the musical string 2 and for rotation about a clamping device axis of rotation 6 in a direction of rotation, further comprising a feeding device 11 for feeding at least one first winding element 13 in a first feeding direction 15 to the string core 7 during a winding process, further comprising a deflection device 100 for predefinable, section-wise deflection of the string core 7, wherein the deflection device 100 together with the feeding device 11 is movable parallel to the clamping device axis of rotation 6 between the first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5, wherein the feeding device 11 and the deflection device 100 are configured and interact in such a way that an actual winding point 17 is formed at every point in time during the winding process.where the first winding element 13 begins to be wound around the string core 7, and at the current winding point 17 the string core 7 – viewed in the first feed direction 15 – rests against the deflection device 100, and the shape of the deflection of the string core 7 – viewed in the first plane formed by the first feed direction 17 and the clamping device rotation axis 6 – essentially corresponds to the shape of a first contact part 21 of the deflection device 100.

[0020] This allows the sound and playability of the second musical string to be predictably influenced and / or adjusted during or through the manufacturing process. This provides expanded possibilities for adjusting, defining, or adapting the sound and playability of a second musical string during or as a result of its manufacture, independent of the materials used, its internal structure, and / or its dimensions. Therefore, it is not necessary to change the materials, internal structure, and / or dimensions to alter the sound and / or playability of the second musical string.

[0021] In known manufacturing methods on previously used winding machines, the deformation and / or deflection of the string core at the current winding point 17, which can also be referred to as the winding point, cannot be specifically controlled or adjusted. During winding, the string core 7 and the first winding element 13 are deformed. These deformations are largely elastic and, depending on the magnitude of the tension force of the string core 7 and the magnitude of the initial tensile force 15 on the first winding element 13, also plastic. This lateral deflection, in conventional manufacturing methods and known machines, depends on the tension force on the string core 7 and the initial tensile force 14 on the first winding element 13.This deformation is further influenced by the angle between the approaching first winding element 13 and the clamping device rotation axis 6, as well as by the position of the current winding point 17 between the two clamping devices 4, 5.

[0022] Using the winding machine 1, this deformation can be preset independently of the aforementioned parameters. The deformation and / or deflection of the string core 7 or the musical string 2 during the manufacturing process can be preset on the winding machine 1 according to the invention without changing the tension force on the string core 7 and / or the initial tension force 15 on the first winding element 13 and / or the angle between the tapered first winding element 13 and the clamping element axis of rotation 6. Furthermore, the deformation and / or deflection can also be preset independently of the position of the current winding point 17 between the two clamping elements 4, 5. This makes it possible to produce musical strings with a predetermined sound and playability.

[0023] This allows the bending stiffness of the finished music string 2 to be predictably influenced. This allows the overtone behavior of the vibrating music string 2 to be predictably adjusted.

[0024] This allows the lateral deflection of the string core 7 from the tensioning device's axis of rotation 6 to be very finely adjusted at the spinning point or the current winding point 17. This also essentially prevents this deflection. Preventing this deflection has a direct influence on the winding process and the vibrational characteristics of the manufactured musical string 2. This enables particularly precise winding of the first winding element 13, as the string core 7 cannot yield unpredictably to the tension 14. This has proven especially advantageous when the tension on the first winding element 13 is varied along the length of the string core 7.

[0025] In the winding machine 1 in question, the string core 7 is not bent, or only slightly bent, during the winding process, thus preventing any return to its original position. This reduces the occurrence of irregular tension in at least one winding layer.

[0026] The winding machine 1 in question allows for more precise winding. This enables the targeted and repeatable formation of a winding layer in which the adjacent turns of the first winding element 13 touch but are not pressed against each other. This allows the first winding element 13 to be produced with a predefinable and highly repeatable distance between the individual turns. This, in turn, allows for the precise adjustment of the internal damping of the music string 2. The internal damping of the music string 2 can be increased to a predefinable degree. This significantly influences the vibration behavior of the music string.

[0027] When sound is produced by bowing, the music string 2 is set into a sawtooth vibration. As can be seen in an FFT, for example, each sawtooth is composed of many sine waves with different frequencies, with the high-frequency vibrations forming the tip of the sawtooth. The tip of the sawtooth directly determines the proportion of different high-frequency vibrations. This sawtooth tip can be shaped as needed by changing the contacts or contact forces between the adjacent windings. This allows for the direct generation of significantly clearer and more distinct high-frequency harmonic overtones. The manufacturing process on the winding machine 1 therefore has a direct influence on the playing and tonal characteristics of the music string 2.

[0028] By having the deflection device 100 grip the music string 2 in such a way that the string core 7 or the string core 7 with the first winding element 13 arranged on it can "only escape with great difficulty" from the deflection device 100, a predetermined contact pressure with which the first winding element 13 is pressed against the string core 7 can be set during the winding process with a certain independence from the tensile force 14 on the first winding element 13.

[0029] Some instruments of the violin family produce a so-called wolf tone when excited in certain frequency ranges. The occurrence of a wolf tone causes a breakdown of the regular vibration of the fundamental tone, resulting in an irregular, uncontrollable sound. In the wolf tone range, an instrument is very difficult, if not impossible, to play. The tendency to produce a wolf tone is a characteristic of an individual instrument and not a characteristic of a specific type or genus of instruments. Therefore, not all string instruments exhibit one or more wolf tones. If an instrument, especially a violin or cello, exhibits a very pronounced wolf tone characteristic, this can significantly reduce the instrument's monetary value.

[0030] In addition to the behavior, especially the resonance behavior, of the affected instrument, the occurrence of the wolf tone or its "strength" or "pronouncement" can be influenced by the music string 2, which produces the sound with the relevant fundamental tone.

[0031] With the winding machine 1 in question, a musical string 2 can be specifically produced with which - in a correspondingly affected instrument - the occurrence of a wolf tone can be completely prevented or at least its "pronunciation" can be significantly reduced.

[0032] During the manufacturing process in the winding machine 1 in question, the internal damping of the musical string 2 can be preset within a predetermined frequency range, and in particular increased to such an extent that the instrument is damped in this range to such an extent that no wolf tone occurs, or if it does, it is only relatively weak. It should be noted that the relevant frequency ranges are very similar for different types of stringed instruments. For violins, this is the range between 450 Hz and 550 Hz, especially the range between B2 and C2.

[0033] The Figs. 1 and 2 The schematic representations of a physical winding machine 1 for the production of a musical string 2 are shown. Figs. 3 to 12Figure 1 shows different preferred embodiments of the deflection device 100, as well as preferred embodiments of certain features of the deflection device 100. The proportions shown do not necessarily correspond to the intended actual proportions. For better understanding, individual parts may be shown in a greatly enlarged view or with significantly exaggerated proportions.

[0034] The winding machine 1 is designed and constructed for winding a string core 7 during the manufacture of musical strings 2. A specific musical string 2 is intended for use on a particular type of musical instrument. The winding machine 1 is particularly intended for the manufacture of musical strings 2 for plucked or bowed string instruments. Preferably, the winding machine 1 is not intended for the manufacture of musical strings 2 for instruments that have a separate string 2 for each note and that are not plucked by the musician, but rather pressed against a fingerboard with their finger to produce different pitches. This applies in particular to the piano, the harpsichord, the zither, the harp, and similar instruments. Musical strings 2 for such instruments differ significantly in design from musical strings 2 for plucked or bowed string instruments.Furthermore, these strings also exhibit significantly different requirements, as the respective instruments and the excitation are entirely different. Due to these differences in musical string 2, the manufacturing processes and consequently the machines used to produce them also differ from those designed for the production of musical string 2 for plucked or bowed instruments.

[0035] The winding machine 1 has a machine bed 8. In its basic design, the winding machine 1 resembles a lathe, but exhibits some significant differences. In addition to the machine bed 8, the winding machine 1 has a straight guideway 9 on which a carriage 10 is longitudinally displaceable. Parallel to the guideway 9, the winding machine 1 preferably has at least one clamping guideway 32.

[0036] The winding machine 1 has two rotatable clamping devices 4 and 5, which are arranged opposite each other in or on the winding machine 1. The first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5 have a common clamping device axis of rotation 6. Both the guide track 9 and the clamping device guide track 32 are arranged parallel to the clamping device axis of rotation 6.

[0037] The first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5 are designed and configured for fastening or clamping a string core 7 of the musical string 2. In a simple embodiment, the first and second clamping devices 4, 5 are designed as hooks.

[0038] The first clamping device 4 and / or the second clamping device 5 are provided for predefinable clamping of the string core 7. At least one of the two clamping devices 4, 5, is arranged on an independent clamping device slide 33, which is longitudinally displaceable on a clamping device guide track 32 arranged parallel to the clamping device rotation axis 6. The clamping device slide 33 can also have a locking device to hold its position on the clamping device guide track 32. The first clamping device 4 is preferably fixedly connected to the machine bed 8.

[0039] The winding machine 1 has at least one drive motor which drives the two clamping devices 4, 5 and is preferably connected to them via a gearbox. In particular, the winding machine 1 has two drive motors, preferably with rotational angle control, each of which drives one of the clamping devices 4, 5. The two clamping devices 4, 5 are driven such that they cause a clamped string core 7 to rotate about its longitudinal extent. If a first winding layer comprising the first winding element 13 is already arranged on the string core 7 and a further winding layer is to be arranged around or on the first winding layer, then the assembly of string core 7 and the first winding element 13 arranged on it will, of course, be set into rotation about its longitudinal extent. The string core 7 orAn intermediate product in the manufacture of the musical string 2 is not twisted or warped during rotation.

[0040] In the production of the musical string 2, the rotating string core 7 is helically wound or encased with at least one first winding element 13. For the controlled dispensing of the first winding element 13 during the winding process, the winding machine 1 has a feed device 11, which is arranged on the carriage 10. Preferably, the first winding element 13 is arranged on a spool 34, which is connected to the feed device 11 or the carriage 10, and is taken from or unwound from this spool 34 during production.

[0041] The feeding device 11 has a discharge section 12 against which the first winding element 13 rests and is pulled off for predetermined or controlled dispensing. The discharge section 12 is the last point where the first winding element 13 touches the feeding device 11 as it approaches the string core 7. The discharge section 12 is preferably a rotatably mounted roller. Figs. 1 and 2 The image shows an example of such a role. It can also be arranged in other positions, in particular at different angles to the clamping element's axis of rotation 6.

[0042] At the start of the production of the musical string 2, one end of the first winding element 13 is connected to a string core 7. This is preferably done near the first tensioning device 4. The first winding element 13, now attached to the string core 7, is then tensioned with a predetermined tensile force 14, and the string core 7 is set into rotation. The rotation moves the first winding element 13 away from its source, preferably unwinding it from the spool 34. The predetermined tensile force 14 can be achieved and / or adjusted, for example, by a resistance or brake on the spool 34, so that the first winding element 13 is unwound from the spool 34 with a certain force, hence the tensile force 14. The higher the resistance, the greater the tensile force 14.

[0043] By combining the rotation of the string core 7 and the movement of the winding device 11 essentially parallel to the clamping element's axis of rotation 6, the string core 7 is wound helically or spirally by the first winding element 13 during the winding process. The contact point where the first winding element 13 touches the string core 7 and begins to be wound around it, and consequently the point where the tensile force 14 acts on the string core 7, is referred to as the winding point 17 or current winding point 17.

[0044] Due to the first winding element 13 now pulling laterally on the string core 7, the string core 7 would be deflected or bent or deformed, as is known from the classical mechanics of the carrier on two support points.

[0045] The deflection device 100, together with the feed device 11, is moved parallel to the clamping device's rotary axis 6 during the winding process. The feed device 11 and the deflection device 100 are designed and arranged such that the winding point 17 is located within the deflection device 100. Lateral deflections of the string core 7 during the winding process, caused by the tensile force 14, are now limited by the deflection device 100. The deflection device 100 therefore acts as a support for the string core 7 at the current winding point 17.

[0046] The winding machine 1 has a deflection device 100 which is designed and configured to deflect a section or a length part or an area in the longitudinal direction of the string core 7, in particular from the clamping device rotation axis 6.

[0047] The feed device 11 and the deflection device 100 are designed and interact such that at every point during the winding process, a current winding point 17 is formed at which the first winding element 13 begins to be wound around the string core 7. Therefore, during the manufacture of the musical string 2, the current winding point 17 is located at or within the deflection device 100. A section of the string core containing the current winding point 17 during the winding process rests against, or within, the contact part 21 of the deflection device 100. The current winding point 17 is preferably located substantially in the center of the contact surface of the contact part 21 when viewed longitudinally.

[0048] Upon contact with the contact part 21, the relevant part of the string core 7 is deflected in a shape that essentially corresponds to the shape of a first contact part 21 of the deflection device 100. This deflection or partial shaping occurs in a first plane defined by the clamping device's axis of rotation 6 and the first feed direction 17, and is to be understood in particular as meaning that a part of the string core 7 no longer lies within the clamping device's axis of rotation 6. This part is deliberately removed from this axis and subsequently fed back to it. This is also to be understood in particular as meaning that, although the string core 7 may already be pulled out of the clamping device's axis of rotation 6 due to the first tensile force 14 and / or the position of the deflection device 100, it no longer follows the deflection curve, as known from mechanics for a beam on two supports, due to the deflection device 100.Without the deflection device 100, the side core 7 would have a different path in the area around the current winding point 17. However, the deflection device 100 takes it out of its otherwise occurring path, guides it along the shape of the contact part 21 or brings it into this shape, and then introduces it back into this path.

[0049] With regard to the design and implementation of the deflection device 100, several, partly different designs have proven advantageous for achieving different sound characteristics and / or playing characteristics of musical strings 2.

[0050] The first contact part 21, or the corresponding contact surface of the first contact part 21, has a shape or profile that is either convex or concave. The first contact part 21, or the corresponding contact surface of the contact part 21, does not have a straight or flat shape. Both the concave and the convex profiles have independent and different effects on the manufactured musical string 2. Depending on the type of musical string 2, its length, the material of the string core 7, the construction of the string core 7, the materials, number, and shapes of the winding elements 13, either the convex or the concave shape has proven to be particularly advantageous.

[0051] The first preferred embodiment, which is exemplified in the Figs. 3 to 6 The second preferred embodiment, which is exemplified in the following, has a concave shape. Figs. 7 to 8The embodiment shown has a convex profile. The same applies to the third preferred embodiment, which is illustrated by way of example in the Figs. 9 to 12 is shown.

[0052] The first contact part 21 can be rigidly fixed, preferably allowing a certain degree of tilting over a limited angular range. However, the contact surfaces of the first contact part 21 do not rotate when the deflection device 100 is moved along the string core. Instead, there is contact and sliding friction. This has a direct effect on the manufactured musical string 2, which has proven advantageous in the production of certain types of musical strings 2. The first and second preferred embodiments accordingly feature rigid contact parts 21.

[0053] For rigid first contact parts 21, it is preferably provided that the edges of the concave or convex surfaces are rounded, as shown in the Fig. 3 , 6, 7 and 8 depicted.

[0054] As an alternative to the rigid mounting of the first contact part 21, it is preferably provided that the first contact part 21 is a rotatably mounted cylinder. This is the case in the third preferred embodiment according to the Figs. 9 to 12 The first contact part 21 rotates along the string core 7 as the deflection device 100 moves. Static friction exists, and the deflection device 100 is not pulled across the string core 7 or the first winding element 13 already arranged on it (not shown in the figures). No grinding process occurs. This has a direct effect on the manufactured musical string 2 and has proven advantageous in the production of certain types of musical strings 2.

[0055] The string core 7 should be in contact with the contact surface of the first contact part 21 during the winding process.

[0056] Preferably, the deflection device 100 is arranged relative to the feed device 11 and the clamping device's pivot axis 6 such that the string core 7 is drawn towards the first contact part 21 or its contact surface by the first tensile force 14 during the winding process. This is provided in the first and second preferred embodiments. Such an arrangement offers advantages in its implementation, as well as a fundamentally high stability of the string core 7's position on the deflection device 100. The string core 7 is pressed onto the relevant contact surface by the first tensile force 14, similar to a body being pressed to the ground by gravity. This body also exhibits a high degree of stability, preventing it from "flying away" from its base.

[0057] To further support or improve the stability of the position of the string core 7, it is preferably provided that the deflection mechanism 100 is designed accordingly, and in particular has at least one first limiting element 104. Such a first and a preferably second limiting element 104, 105 are provided in the first two preferred embodiments in the Figs. 3 to 8 The two preferably provided second limiting elements 104, 105 are arranged on an upper region of the rigid contact part 21 and are located on both sides next to the passage for the first winding element 13, through which the first winding element is guided to the current winding position 17. The two limiting elements 104, 105 therefore restrict the access of the first winding element to the current winding position 17. This secures both the position of the string core 7 and the position of the current winding position 17.

[0058] The boundary elements 104 and 105 are depicted as cylinders, but can also be designed differently. They can be either rotatable or rigidly attached.

[0059] The length of the string core 7, which rests against the contact part 21 during the winding process, influences the effect of the deflection device 100 on the manufactured musical string 2. A first contact length at the contact part 21 can produce a musical string 2 that sounds different from a musical string 2, otherwise identical in construction, produced using a second contact length. To achieve a predefinable contact length of the string core 7 at the first contact part 21, the deflection device 100 includes, in particular, a first counter-support 101 and a second counter-support 102, which – viewed longitudinally – are arranged on both sides next to the current winding point 17. These press the parts of the string core 7 located laterally to the current winding point 17 against the first contact part 21. The length of the string core 7 directly in contact with the first contact part 21 can thus be controlled, in particular increased, to a predefinable extent.

[0060] The length of the string core 7 is preferably between 1% and 14% of the scale length of the musical string 2 to be manufactured. For example, this length can be essentially 11 mm, or approximately 1%, for a scale length of 1100 mm. For a scale length of 215 mm, it can be essentially 30 mm, or approximately 14%.

[0061] As an alternative to the above embodiment concerning the position of the feed device 11, the deflection mechanism 100, and the orientation of the first tensile force 14, it is preferably provided that the deflection mechanism 100 is arranged relative to the feed device 11 and the clamping element's axis of rotation 6 such that the string core 7 is pulled away from the first contact part 21 by the first tensile force 14 during the winding process. This is provided when the contact surface of the first contact part 21 has a convex shape. This allows a contact force profile to be created over the contact length that differs from the corresponding profile according to the alternative solution described above. This has an effect on the manufactured musical strings 2 and can be advantageously used to achieve certain desired sound and / or playability characteristics.

[0062] The tensile force 14 has a maximum value or upper limit at which the longitudinal section of the string core 7 remains in contact with the contact surface of the first contact part 21 and assumes or exhibits its shape. In this preferred embodiment, the string core 7 is therefore not pulled away from the first contact part 21 by the tensile force 14, nor is it in contact with it. Only the contact force is reduced. However, a resultant force still exists, which presses the string core 7 onto the contact surface of the first contact part 21.

[0063] Above a certain magnitude of the tensile force 14, the string core 7 is pulled away from or lifted by the contact part 21. This can lead to the string core 7 barely touching the contact part 21 or no longer conforming to its shape. This can go so far that the string core 7 may still be in contact with the contact part 21, but this corresponds to the behavior of a point suspension. The shape of the deflection of the relevant length segment of the string core 7 – viewed in the first plane – then no longer substantially corresponds to the shape of the first contact part 21.

[0064] In order for the string core 7 to follow the shape of the contact part 21 more clearly or over a further area, in a further development of this embodiment it is provided in particular that the deflection mechanism 100 - in order to achieve a predetermined contact length of the string core 7 on the first contact part 21 during the winding process - has a first counter support 101 and a second counter support 102, which are arranged - in the longitudinal direction of the string core 7 - on both sides next to the current winding point 17.

[0065] In the third preferred embodiment, in which the contact part 21 is designed as a rotatable cylinder, and which is exemplified in the Figs. 9 to 12 As shown, the first and second counterholders 101, 102 are also each designed as rotatable cylinders.

[0066] The counter-holders 101, 102 can be arranged in fixed positions relative to the contact part 21. Preferably, however, the first counter-holder 101 and the second counter-holder 102 are designed and / or mounted to adjust their positions relative to the current winding point 17. In particular, they are displaceable parallel to the clamping element's axis of rotation 6. Additionally or alternatively, it is further preferably provided that they are tiltable or pivotable. For this purpose, the counter-holders 101, 102 can be attached to the first feeding device 11, for example, by means of a suitable bearing.

[0067] Furthermore, the counterholders 101, 102 can preferably be movable with respect to their position in a straight line normal to the clamping center rotation axis 6.

[0068] By combining the two aforementioned possibilities for changing the positions of the counterholders 101, 102, a change of position in two dimensions is possible.

[0069] Particularly when the contact part 21 is designed as a cylinder, it has proven advantageous for the first contact part 21 to have a guide groove 103. This can also be provided when the contact part 21 is designed as a rigid body. If the deflection device 100 has counter-supports 102, 103, it is preferred that these also have corresponding guide grooves 103. This is the case, for example, in the third preferred embodiment according to Figures 9 to 13.

[0070] The deflection device 100, together with the feed device 11, is guided parallel to the clamping device rotation axis 6 between the first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5 and is moved during the winding process. The deflection device 100 and the feed device 11 can be designed without connection and simply guided side by side by a corresponding component of the winding machine 1. Preferably, however, the deflection device 100 is connected to the feed device 11 by means of a fastening device 39. This fastening device 39 can be designed as a stationary machine component.

[0071] With familiar strings on bowed and plucked instruments, the sound and handling / playability generally change when the musician moves their finger from a so-called low action (corresponding to a lower pitch and consequently a relatively long vibrating section of the string) to a so-called high action (corresponding to a higher pitch and a relatively short vibrating section of the string). Instruments of the violin family always have a fingerboard over which the string runs. The distance between the fingerboard and the string changes along the string's path from the nut and bridge of the instrument. At the nut, this distance is relatively small. At the end of the fingerboard opposite the bridge, this distance is significantly larger, usually two to three times the distance at the nut.These varying distances influence the sound, handling, and excitation characteristics of string 2, and are a major reason for the different properties observed with different fundamental tones. Due to these varying distances, when the string is pressed against the fretboard, it is stretched differently depending on where on the fretboard it is plucked.

[0072] To compensate for this effect, individual parts of stringed and plucked instruments are adjusted accordingly. In particular, with instruments of the violin family, the fingerboard is often shaped differently along its length. This is called fingerboard hollowing. This adjustment must be made individually for each instrument by a luthier. This is a time-consuming, complex, and expensive process for the luthier.

[0073] It has been shown that different distances between the deflection device 100 and the clamping element's axis of rotation 6 offer different possibilities for selectively influencing the sound and playing characteristics of the musical string 2. Therefore, in a further development of the connection between the deflection device 100 and the feed device 11, the length of the fastening device 39 is predefinably adjustable. The winding machine 1 has an adjustable fastening device 39, preferably force-controllable and / or displacement-controllable. For this purpose, the fastening device 39 can, for example, include a controllable actuator for changing the length.

[0074] The fastening device 39 is designed such that the relevant distance or normal distance can be continuously and predictably adjusted along the length of the string core 7. In particular, such that this distance follows a predictable profile.

[0075] This allows the production of musical strings 2 which, at different vibrating lengths (i.e., when played in different positions), exhibit a sound and / or playability that differs considerably from conventionally manufactured musical strings 2. This is because the winding machine 1 in question allows for different deflections to be achieved during production than is possible with known manufacturing methods. Thus, a musical string 2 can be produced which, at specific fretted lengths or positions, exhibits predefined tonal characteristics and / or specific playability.

[0076] This allows for the creation of musical strings that are easily playable even on an instrument with a simple fretboard, i.e., a fretboard without a hollow cut. This can positively influence the sound of simpler and less expensive instruments. As a result, the costly work of an instrument maker can be avoided.

[0077] This allows the contact forces between adjacent windings to be very precisely adjusted and, above all, predictably varied along the length of the music string 2. This has a direct influence on the bending stiffness of the vibrating length of the music string 2. By adjusting the contact forces, the bending stiffness can be adapted to the vibrating string length, i.e., changed along the length of the music string 2.

[0078] The fastening device 39 includes a corresponding actuator. The actuator is, in particular, an electrically and / or pneumatically operated mechanical positioning unit. The electrically operated positioning unit is particularly comparable to a so-called servo from the field of model aircraft. A preferred pneumatically operated positioning unit is, for example, a pneumatic guide cylinder, a pneumatic piston cylinder, and / or a servo-pneumatic positioning system.

[0079] This allows the distance of the deflection device 100 to the clamping device rotation axis 6 to be set and predefinably changed.

[0080] According to a preferred embodiment of the actuator, it comprises both a pneumatic actuating unit and an electric actuating unit, the electric actuating unit being arranged on the pneumatic actuating unit. This allows for coarse adjustment using the pneumatic actuating unit, in which the deflection device 100 is moved within a predefinable range around a target point. Subsequently, a so-called fine adjustment is performed using the electric actuating unit. The deflection device 100 is thereby moved very precisely to the desired position.

[0081] In a preferred method for manufacturing a musical string 2 using an adjustable fastening device 39, it is provided that the respective normal distance of the deflection device 100 to the clamping means rotation axis 6 is continuously changed.

[0082] In a method for manufacturing a musical string 2, a first end of a string core 7 is attached to a first clamping device 4 and a second end of the string core 7 is attached to a second clamping device 5. During the winding process, the two clamping devices 4 and 5 are rotated about a clamping device pivot axis 6. The string core 7 is deflected within a predetermined section by means of a deflection device 100, specifically from the clamping device pivot axis 6. The deflection device 100, together with the feed device 11, is moved parallel to the clamping device pivot axis 6 between the first clamping device 4 and the second clamping device 5.

[0083] During the winding process, at least the first winding element 13 is fed to the string core 7 in a first feeding direction 15 by means of the feeding device 11. At each point during the winding process, a current winding point 17 is formed. This current winding point 17 is the area or point where the first winding element 13 makes contact with the string core 7 and begins to be wound around it.

[0084] At the current winding point 17, the string core 7 rests against the deflection device 100, and the shape of the deflection of the string core 7 essentially follows the shape of the first contact part 21 of the deflection device 100.

[0085] The above-mentioned procedural steps do not have to be carried out in the order given above.

[0086] The following are principles for understanding and interpreting the disclosure in question.

[0087] Characters are usually introduced with an indefinite article "ein, eine, eines, einer". Unless the context indicates otherwise, "ein, eine, eines, einer" should therefore not be understood as a numeral.

Claims

1. Winding machine (1) for a musical string (2), comprising a first rotatable clamping device (4) and a second rotatable clamping device (5), wherein the first clamping device (4) and the second clamping device (5) are configured for clamping a string core (7) of the musical string (2) and for rotation about a clamping device axis of rotation (6) in one direction of rotation, further comprising a feeding device (11) for feeding at least one first winding element (13) in a first feeding direction (15) to the string core (7) during a winding process, further comprising a deflection device (100) for predefinable, section-wise deflection of the string core (7), wherein the deflection device (100) together with the feeding device (11) is movable parallel to the clamping device axis of rotation (6) between the first clamping device (4) and the second clamping device (5), wherein the feeding device (11) and the deflection device (100) are configured as follows: and work togetherthat at each point in time of the winding process an actual winding point (17) is formed at which the first winding element (13) begins to be wound around the string core (7), wherein the deflection device (100) has a first contact part (21), , characterized by that - viewed in the first plane formed by the first feed direction (15) and the clamping device rotation axis (6) - the first contact part (21) has a convex or a concave shape, and that a length section of the string core (7), in which - during the winding process - the current winding point (17) is located, lies within the contact part (21) of the deflection device (100), and the shape of the deflection of this length section of the string core (7) - viewed in the first plane - essentially corresponds to the shape of the first contact part (21).

2. Winding machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first contact part (21) is rigidly fixed.

3. Winding machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the first contact part (21) is a rotatably mounted cylinder.

4. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the deflection device (100) is arranged relative to the feed device (11) and the clamping device rotation axis (6) such that the string core (7) is pulled towards the first contact part (21) by the first tensile force (14) during the winding process.

5. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first contact part (21) has a convex shape, characterized by the fact that the deflection device (100) is arranged relative to the feed device (11) and the clamping device rotation axis (6) such that the string core (7) is pulled away from the first contact part (21) by the first tensile force (14) during the winding process.

6. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact thatthe deflection device (100) - to achieve a predetermined contact length of the string core (7) at the first contact part (21) during the winding process - has a first counter support (101) and a second counter support (102) which are arranged on both sides next to the current winding point (17).

7. Winding machine (1) according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the first counterholder (101) and the second counterholder (102) are designed and / or preferably mounted in a displaceable and / or tiltable manner for adjusting their positions relative to the current winding point (17), in particular in two dimensions.

8. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that The deflection device (100) is connected to the feed device (11) by means of a fastening device (39).

9. Winding machine (1) according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that The length of the fastening device (39) is adjustable.

10. Winding machine (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the deflection mechanism (100) is designed to secure the position of the string core (7) on the first contact part (21).

11. Winding machine (1) according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the first contact part (21) has a guide groove (103).

12. Winding machine (1) according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that The deflection submission (100) has at least one first limiting element (104).

13. Method for manufacturing a musical string (2), in particular in a winding machine (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a first end of a string core (7) is attached to a first clamping device (4), wherein a second end of the string core (7) is attached to a second clamping device (5), wherein the clamping devices (4, 5) are rotated about a clamping device rotation axis, wherein the string core (7) is deflected in a predetermined section by means of a deflection device (100) which has a first contact part (21), wherein in a winding process at least one first winding element (13) is fed to the string core (7) in a first feed direction (15) by means of a feed device (11), wherein the deflection device (100) together with the feed device (11) is moved parallel to the clamping device rotation axis (6) between the first clamping device (4) and the second clamping device (5),wherein at each point in time of the winding process a current winding point (17) is formed, at which the first winding element (13) begins to be wound around the string core (7), characterized by that - viewed in the first plane formed by the first feed direction (15) and the clamping device rotation axis (6) - the first contact part (21) has a convex or a concave shape, and that a length section of the string core (7), in which - during the winding process - the current winding point (17) is located, lies within the contact part (21) of the deflection device (100), and the shape of the deflection of this length section of the string core (7) - viewed in the first plane - is essentially brought into the shape of the first contact part (21).

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