Rotor of electric asynchronous machine and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

To provide a rotor of an electric asynchronous machine in which an end plate arranged with a hole can be omitted, and a manufacturing method thereof.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a rotor (1) of an electric asynchronous machine comprising a shaft (11), a rotor laminated core (2), and end rings (301, 302) attached to end surfaces (21, 22) of the rotor laminated core (2). At least one of the end rings (301, 302) is assembled from at least two annular discs (31). The at least one disc (31) of the at least one end ring (301) has notches (41, 42), the notches are in fluid communication with at least one flow channel (23, 24) of the rotor laminated core (2), and one flow channel structure (4) for making at least one penetration part (13) on a side surface (14) of the shaft (11) in fluid communication with the at least one flow channel (23, 24) of the rotor laminated core (2) is formed in the end ring (301).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

【Technical Field】 【0001】 The present invention relates to a rotor of an induction motor and a method for manufacturing the same. 【Background Art】 【0002】 Such a rotor includes a shaft, at least one rotor laminated iron core having a number of openings, and at least one rotor cage. The rotor cage includes conductive rotor bars inserted into the openings of the rotor laminated iron core so as to have protruding portions beyond the rotor laminated iron core at both ends, and end rings attached to the end faces of the rotor laminated iron core in which a number of notches where the ends of the rotor bars protrude are arranged on the outer peripheral range. 【0003】 In an induction motor, high temperature is generated due to eddy current loss in the rotor laminated iron core of the rotor. Thus, in particular in a high-output machine, additional cooling by a refrigerant, usually oil, is necessary. The refrigerant is supplied through the rotor shaft and then taken in through an additional end plate attached to the end face of the rotor laminated iron core. Through holes arranged in these end plates, the refrigerant is sent into the rotor laminated iron core and through flow paths or grooves provided therein. The refrigerant then flows through the rotor laminated iron core parallel to the rotor shaft and is subsequently discharged from the rotor. 【0004】 Here, the drawback is that holes must be arranged in the end plates. This requires additional expenditure and thus cost. 【Summary of the Invention】 【Problems to be Solved by the Invention】 【0005】 Based on the problem of providing a rotor of an induction motor and a method for manufacturing the same that solve these drawbacks. 【Means for Solving the Problems】 【0006】 The present invention comprises a shaft having a radially outer side surface defining the axial, radial, and circumferential directions, a hollow chamber extending axially inside, at least one through-hole on the side surface, and at least one flow path connecting the hollow chamber to the at least one through-hole; a rotor laminated iron core having a first end face and a second end face axially opposite thereto, and at least one flow path extending from the first end face to the second end face inside; and at least one assembled from at least two disks that are joined together to form a single disk package, each disk A rotor of an electric asynchronous machine comprising an end-connecting ring mounted on the end face of the rotor laminated iron core, wherein the disk has two annular surfaces and the opposing surfaces of adjacent disks are in planar contact, wherein at least one disk of at least one of the end-connecting rings has a notch, and these notches are arranged such that a single flow path structure is formed within the end-connecting ring, which fluidly connects to at least one of the flow paths of the rotor laminated iron core and fluidly connects at least one of the through-ports on the side surface of the shaft to at least one of the flow paths of the rotor laminated iron core. 【Brief Description of the Drawings】 【0007】 [Figure 1] Shows a cross-sectional view of the rotor. [Figure 2] Shows a cross-sectional view of another rotor. [Figure 3] Shows the disk of the end ring. [Figure 4] Shows another embodiment of the disk of the end ring. [Figure 5] Shows another embodiment of the disk of the end ring. [Figure 6] Shows the disk of the end ring having a direction-changing portion. 【Modes for Carrying Out the Invention】 【0008】 The present invention relates to a rotor for an electric asynchronous machine. The rotor has a shaft that defines an axial, radial, and circumferential direction. The shaft has a radially outer side surface, a hollow chamber extending axially inside the shaft, at least one through-hole on the side surface of the shaft, and at least one flow path connecting the hollow chamber to the at least one through-hole. In other words, the flow path is arranged so that a fluid can flow from the hollow chamber through the flow path to the at least one through-hole. Furthermore, the rotor includes a rotor laminated core having a first end face and a second end face axially opposite thereto, the rotor laminated core having at least one flow path extending from the first end face to the second end face inside the rotor laminated core. The end faces of the rotor laminated core are fitted with end rings, at least one of which is assembled from at least two disks joined together to form a disk package. Each disk has two annular surfaces. The opposing surfaces of adjacent disks are in planar contact. According to the present invention, at least one disk of at least one end ring has a notch, and these are arranged such that a single flow channel structure is formed within the end ring, which fluidly connects to at least one flow channel of the rotor laminated core and fluidly connects at least one penetration point on the side surface of the shaft to at least one flow channel of the rotor laminated core. 【0009】 The present invention begins with the consideration that end rings are present on the end faces of the rotor laminated core to electrically connect rotor bars arranged within the rotor laminated core. At least one of the end rings is configured such that a disk package is formed by combining and joining at least two annular disks in a planar manner. Such end rings are known, for example, from German Patent Application Publication No. 102017010685. These can be provided with notches without significant additional expenditure when manufacturing the individual disks. These notches are provided in at least one of the disks such that a flow channel structure is formed by these notches within the end ring after the individual disks have been combined and joined, and this flow channel structure is configured so that fluid flowing through the hollow chamber inside the rotor shaft can be supplied to the rotor laminated core through this flow channel structure. Thus, the flow channel structure is fluidly connected on the one hand to at least one flow channel in the rotor laminated core and on the other hand to the penetration point on the side surface of the shaft on the inner circumference of the end ring. Therefore, the flow channel structure, which can distribute fluid from the rotor shaft to one or more flow channels within the rotor laminated iron core, or take in fluid from one or more of these flow channels, is incorporated into at least one of the end rings. 【0010】 A particular advantage is that it eliminates the need for additional end plates, especially those with holes. Providing notches in at least one of the end ring's discs can be done very inexpensively by direct stamping or punching during the manufacturing of the individual discs. Furthermore, the end ring composed of discs can function as a balance disc. 【0011】 The end rings are typically manufactured from copper or copper alloys. Due to the good thermal conductivity of copper and copper alloys, in this proposed rotor, the end rings through which the fluid flows also contribute to the overall cooling of the rotor. 【0012】 The flow channels of the rotor laminated iron core may be spatially separated from the rotor bars. Alternatively, they may form a single unit with the opening into which the rotor bars are inserted. 【0013】 In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, each end ring is assembled from at least two disks joined together to form a single disk package, and at least one disk of each end ring has a notch, which is arranged such that a single flow channel structure is formed within each end ring, which is fluidly connected to at least one flow channel of the rotor laminated iron core. The aforementioned advantages here arise in the end rings. 【0014】 By providing notches in at least one of the discs of the end rings, an even more flexible flow path structure shape is possible, thereby guiding the fluid flow within the rotor laminated core. For example, the fluid can be configured to flow into the rotor laminated core through one or more flow paths at one end face, be collected at the other end by the flow path structure of the end ring there, and then discharged from the rotor. However, the flow path structure in one of the end rings can also be configured such that the fluid flowing out of the rotor laminated core through a first set of flow paths changes direction by 180° within the end ring and flows back into the rotor laminated core through a second set of flow paths. 【0015】 In one embodiment of the present invention, at least one disk of the end ring may have at least one notch on one of its surfaces in the form of a groove-like or groove-like recess, thereby forming a flow channel in the joint with the other disk, which is at least part of the flow channel structure. Such recesses can be disposed on the surface of the disk, in particular, by simply pressing. Such recesses make it possible to guide fluid radially and / or circumferentially. 【0016】 In a particular form of this embodiment, groove-like or striated recesses in adjacent disks may be formed to complement each other and form a single flow path. This makes it possible to form a flow path with a particularly large cross-sectional area. The width of such a flow path may be greater in the axial direction than the thickness of the individual disks. 【0017】 In another embodiment of the present invention, the flow channel structure of at least one end ring may include at least one radially extending first notch and at least one axially extending second notch. Such a configuration of the flow channel structure allows the fluid to be radially diverted from the rotor shaft and then supplied axially to the rotor laminated iron core. 【0018】 In the scope of this particular embodiment, the axially extending second notch may be formed by a hole in at least one disk of the end ring. 【0019】 Furthermore, it is preferable that the flow channel structure of at least one end ring includes at least one third notch extending in the circumferential direction. This makes it possible to distribute the fluid for cooling the rotor laminated core to multiple flow channels arranged within the rotor laminated core at various circumferential positions. 【0020】 In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first notch of at least one end ring may have a different flow cross-section within the end ring, and / or a second notch of at least one end ring may have a different flow cross-section within the end ring, and / or a third notch of at least one end ring may have a different flow cross-section within the end ring. In this way, the pressure drop as the fluid flows can be influenced, thereby controlling the distribution of fluid into the flow channels of the rotor laminated core. 【0021】 In other special embodiments of the present invention, the flow channel structure of at least one end ring may include at least one notch formed as a planar recess and extending radially and circumferentially, and further at least a second notch extending axially. The planar recess makes it possible to distribute the fluid particularly advantageously with respect to pressure drops to a plurality of flow channels arranged in the rotor laminated iron core at various circumferential positions. In particular, it is preferable that the planar recesses of adjacent disks are formed to complement each other and form spaces for fluid flow. This makes it possible to form spaces with particularly large cross-sectional areas for fluid flow. 【0022】 In the scope of one particular embodiment of the present invention, the rotor laminated core may have at least one first channel and at least one second channel, and the channel structure in one of the end rings may be configured such that fluid flowing from the first channel of the rotor laminated core into the channel structure of the end ring changes direction at least axially and is guided to the second channel of the rotor laminated core. This flow guidance is similar to two-way guidance in a heat exchanger and enables uniform cooling of the rotor laminated core. 【0023】 Other technical features and advantages of the rotor according to the present invention are expressed herein in the following description relating to the method according to the present invention for manufacturing such a rotor, as well as in the drawings and embodiments. 【0024】 Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rotor as described above, which involves the following steps: a) A step of preparing at least one disk having two annular surfaces, b) A step of providing a notch in at least one of the surfaces of the disk in order to form a flow channel structure, c) The step of assembling the disks together with at least one other disk to form a single disk package, d) A step of arranging the disc package on the shaft of the rotor at one end face of the rotor laminated iron core, e) A process of manufacturing a splice joint between adjacent disks in a disk package to form a single end ring. Includes. 【0025】 The disc prepared in step a) is typically made of copper or a copper alloy. Alternatively, it may be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. In step a), this disc can be punched out from, for example, a tape or a sheet of metal. The step of providing a notch on at least one of the surfaces of the disc in step b) may be combined with step a) by combining both steps into a single step, that is, by performing them simultaneously and using only one tool. Alternatively, step b) may be performed immediately after step a). Both variations have the advantage that the provisioning of the notch is closely related to the preparation of the disc and thereby does not require significant additional expenditure. In the alternative step of performing step b) immediately after step a), the disc is already separate and does not need to be specially positioned. Furthermore, in step b), other structural members may preferably be provided on the disc. For example, an opening for the rotor bar end may be provided. Step b) can optionally be applied to one or more other discs that are assembled into a disc package in step c). Steps c) through e) can be carried out as known from German Patent Application Publication No. 102017010685. 【0026】 The advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that notches for forming a flow channel structure can be provided in the end ring without significant excess expenditure. 【0027】 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the notches in step b) may be formed by milling, stamping, punching and / or drilling. 【0028】 Other technical features and advantages of the method according to the present invention are expressed herein in the foregoing description relating to the rotor according to the present invention, as well as in the drawings and embodiments. 【0029】 Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. Corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout all the drawings. 【0030】 Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of rotor 1. Rotor 1 includes a shaft 11 having axis A. The shaft 11 is a substantially rotationally symmetric body, thereby defining the axial, radial, and circumferential directions. For clarity, the shaft 11 is represented as a cylindrical body. The radially outer surface of the shaft is represented as a side surface 14. The shaft 11 may have steps, threads, and other features or elements, particularly on its side surface 14, which are not shown. Inside the shaft 11 is a hollow chamber 12 extending along axis A. Furthermore, the shaft 11 has flow channels 15, which extend radially and connect the hollow chamber 12 to through-holes 13 on the side surface 14. Two of these flow channels 15 are shown in Figure 1 as an example. 【0031】 The shaft 11 is connected to the rotor laminated iron core 2 at its side surface 14. The rotor laminated iron core 2 has a plurality of channels 23, 24 that extend through the entire rotor laminated iron core 2 substantially in the axial direction. In this case, the first channel 23 is radially inward, while the second channel 24 is radially outward. In the radially outward range of the rotor laminated iron core 2, there is a rotor bar 25 that extends through the rotor laminated iron core 2 substantially in the axial direction in a manner known to the present day. The rotor bar 25 may have a twist. The rotor bar 25 has projections that extend beyond the rotor laminated iron core 2 at both end faces 21, 22 of the rotor laminated iron core 2, respectively. Within the range of the projections, the rotor bar 25 is mechanically and electrically connected to end rings 301, 302, for example by soldering or welding. The end rings 301, 302 constitute a disk package 32. In this configuration, two disks 31 are joined together in a planar manner to form a single disk package 32. It is also possible for one end ring 301, 302 to consist of more than two disks 31. Since the inner diameter of the end rings 301, 302 is equal to the outer diameter of the shaft 11, the end rings 301, 302 are in contact with the side surface 14 of the shaft 11. 【0032】 In Figure 1, the end ring 301 shown on the left end face 21 of the rotor laminated iron core 2 has notches 41 and 42 in the shape of a recess 44 and a hole 45 arranged in the disk 31. The first notches 41 extending radially on both disks 31 are paired and face each other, and the opposing first notches 41 on adjacent disks 31 are configured to form a single flow path together. At this time, the first notches 41 are shaped so that this flow path extends to the inner diameter of the end ring 301. The flow path formed from the first notches 41 ends opposite the through-hole 13 on the side surface 14 of the shaft 11 and is arranged in line with a flow path 15 that connects the through-hole 13 to the hollow chamber 12 inside the shaft 11. The second notch 42 extending axially is made as a hole 45 in the disk 31. These connect the radially extending first notch 41 to the flow path 23 of the rotor laminated core 2, or connect the flow path 24 of the rotor laminated core 2 to the periphery of the rotor 1. The first and second notches 41 and 42 form a flow path system 4 within the end ring 301, thereby allowing the fluid to be guided from the hollow chamber 12 of the shaft 11 to one or more flow paths 23 of the rotor laminated core 2, and the fluid to be discharged from one or more flow paths 24 of the rotor laminated core 2 to the periphery of the rotor 1. 【0033】 In Figure 1, the end ring 302 shown on the right end face 22 of the rotor laminated core 2 has a first radially extending notch 41 in the form of a recess 44 within the disk 31 that is in direct contact with the rotor laminated core 2. These notches 41 are shaped so that the flow path 23 located further inward in the radial direction of the rotor laminated core 2 connects to the flow path 24 located further outward in the radial direction of the rotor laminated core 2. The entire notch 41 forms a flow path system 4 within the end ring 302, thereby allowing fluid flowing from the flow path 23 located further inward in the radial direction of the rotor laminated core 2 to be taken in and supplied to the flow path 24 located further outward in the radial direction of the rotor laminated core 2. 【0034】 The first and second notches 41 and 42 disposed on the disks 31 of the end rings 301 and 302 are configured such that fluid supplied through the hollow chamber 12 of the shaft 11 and proceeding through one or more flow channels 15 to one or more penetration points 13 on the side surface 14 of the shaft 11 enters the flow channel system 4 of the first end ring 301 and there is supplied to one or more first flow channels 23 of the rotor laminated core 2. After flowing through such flow channels 23, the fluid enters the flow channel system 4 of the second end ring 302, where it changes direction by 180° and flows again through one or more second flow channels 24 through the rotor laminated core 2. The notches 42 and 45 disposed on the disk 31 of the first end ring 301 cause the fluid to flow away from the rotor and outwards, where the fluid is collected again by a suitable device. 【0035】 Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of another rotor 1. The rotor 1 shown in Figure 2 differs from the rotor 1 shown in Figure 1 only in the shape of the flow path system 4 within the end ring 302 located on the right end face 22 of the rotor laminated iron core 2. In the example shown in Figure 2, radially extending first notches 41 are arranged in the form of recesses 44 within both disks 31 of the end ring 302. In this case, the notches 41 of both disks 31 are paired and face each other, and are configured to form a single flow path together. Within the disk 31 that is in direct contact with the rotor laminated iron core, there are further axially extending second notches 42, which are made as holes 45. These notches 42 connect the radially extending first notches 41 to the flow paths 23 and 24 of the rotor laminated iron core 2. The function of the flow path system 4 within the end ring 302 at the right end face 22 of the rotor laminated core 2 in Figure 2 is the same as the function of the flow path system 4 within the end ring 302 at the right end face 22 of the rotor laminated core 2 in Figure 1. 【0036】 Figure 3 shows a plan view of the surface 33 of the disk 31 of the end ring 301. The disk 31 has an annular shape. The disk 31 has an opening 26 for the end of the rotor bar 25 in its outer edge range. The inner diameter of the disk 31 is adjusted to match the outer diameter of the shaft 11. From the inner diameter of the disk 31, a first notch 41 in the form of a groove-like recess 44 extends radially outward. Each of these notches 41 opens into another notch 43 in the form of a circumferentially extending groove-like recess 44. Furthermore, the disk 31 has a second notch 42 in the form of an axially extending hole 45. These notches 42 are arranged on two concentric circles of different diameters. Through these notches 42, the flow path system 4 is fluidly connected to the flow paths 23, 24 of the rotor laminated iron core. 【0037】 Figure 4 shows a plan view of the surface 33 of another embodiment of the disk 31 of the end ring 301. The disk 31 has notches 42 in the form of holes 45 that extend axially. These notches 42 are located on two concentric circles of different diameters. Another notch 43 that extends axially and connects the inner diameter of the disk 31 to the axially extending notches 42 inside the two concentric circles is fabricated here as a planar recess 44. This reduces the pressure drop of the fluid. 【0038】 Figure 5 shows a plan view of the surface 33 of yet another embodiment of the disk 31 of the end ring 301. The disk 31 has a circumferentially surrounding notch 43 in the form of a recess 44 directly on its inner circumference. Such a notch 43 allows the fluid supplied to the end ring 301 at only one or two penetration points 13 to be distributed over the entire circumference. The fluid is supplied through the radially extending notch 41 to the axially extending notch 42, and then to the flow path 23 of the rotor laminated iron core 2. 【0039】 Figure 6 shows a plan view of the surface 33 of the disk 31 of the end ring 302. The disk 31 has notches 42 in the shape of holes 45 that extend axially. These notches 42 are arranged on two concentric circles of different diameters. These notches 42 are connected to each other in pairs by other notches 41 that extend radially. Such a disk allows the fluid flowing from the first channel 23 of the rotor laminated core 2 to the end ring to be redirected by 180° and supplied to the second channel 24 of the rotor laminated core. 【0040】 The disclosure of the present invention includes not only embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings, but also combinations of features included in various drawings as appropriate for the purpose. Furthermore, the size, number, and position of the notches can be varied as appropriate for the purpose. In particular, it may be preferable to select the number and position of the notches such that the flow channels arranged within the rotor laminated iron core have a special spatial arrangement with respect to the rotor bars. [Explanation of symbols] 【0041】 1 rotor 11 shafts 12 Hollow chamber 13 Penetration points 14 Side 15 channels 2 Rotor Laminated Iron Core 21, 22 End face 23, 24 Channels 25 Rotor Bar 26 Opening 301, 302 End ring 31 discs 32-disc package 33 Surface 4. Flow channel structure 41, 42, 43 Notches 44 recess 45 holes A-axis

Claims

[Claim 1] A shaft having defined axial, radial, and circumferential directions, a radially outer side surface, a hollow chamber extending axially inside, at least one through-hole on the side surface, and at least one flow path connecting the hollow chamber to the at least one through-hole, A rotor laminated iron core having a first end face and a second end face opposite to it in the axial direction, and having at least one flow path extending internally from the first end face to the second end face, In a rotor of an electric asynchronous machine, the rotor comprises an end-connection ring mounted on the end face of the rotor laminated iron core, the end-connection ring being assembled from at least two disks joined together to form a single disk package, each disk having two annular surfaces, and the opposing surfaces of adjacent disks being in planar contact, A rotor for an electric asynchronous machine, characterized in that at least one of the disks of at least one of the end rings has notches, and these notches are arranged such that a single flow path structure is formed within the end ring, which fluidly connects to at least one of the flow paths of the rotor laminated iron core and fluidly connects at least one of the through-ports on the side surface of the shaft to at least one of the flow paths of the rotor laminated iron core. [Claim 2] The rotor of an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that each end ring is assembled from at least two disks joined together to form a single disk package, and at least one of the disks of each end ring has a notch, and these notches are arranged such that a single flow channel structure is formed within each end ring, which is fluidly connected to at least one of the flow channels of the rotor laminated iron core. [Claim 3] The rotor of an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one disk of the end ring has at least one notch in the form of a groove-like or striated recess on one of its surfaces, thereby forming a flow channel in the joint with the other disks, which is at least part of the flow channel structure. [Claim 4] The rotor of an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the groove-like or striated recesses of adjacent disks are formed to complement each other and form a single flow path. [Claim 5] The rotor of an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow path structure of at least one end ring includes at least one first notch extending radially and at least one second notch extending axially. [Claim 6] The rotor of the electric asynchronous machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the second notch extending in the axial direction is formed by a hole in at least one disk of the end-connection ring. [Claim 7] The rotor of an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the flow path structure of at least one end ring includes at least one third notch extending in the circumferential direction. [Claim 8] At least one first notch of the end ring has a different flow cross-section inside the end ring, and / or At least one of the second notches of the end ring has a different flow cross-section within the end ring, and / or The rotor of an electric asynchronous machine according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that at least one third notch of the end ring has a different flow cross-section inside the end ring. [Claim 9] The rotor of an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the flow channel structure of at least one end ring includes at least one notch formed as a planar recess and extending radially and circumferentially, and at least a second notch extending axially. [Claim 10] The rotor of an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotor laminated core has at least one first flow path and at least one second flow path, and the flow path structure in one of the end rings is configured such that a fluid flowing from the first flow path of the rotor laminated core to the flow path structure of the end ring changes direction at least with respect to the axial direction and is guided to the second flow path of the rotor laminated core. [Claim 11] A method for manufacturing a rotor for an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the following steps: a) A step of preparing at least one disk having two annular surfaces, b) A step of providing a notch in at least one of the surfaces of the disk in order to form a flow channel structure, c) The step of assembling the disks together with at least one other disks into a single disk package, d) A step of arranging the disc package on the rotor shaft at one end face of the rotor laminated iron core, e) A step of manufacturing a joint between adjacent disks in the disk package to form a single end ring, A method for manufacturing a rotor of an electric asynchronous machine, including the method described above. [Claim 12] A method for manufacturing a rotor for an electric asynchronous machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the notches in step b) are formed by milling, pressing, punching and / or drilling.

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