Negative-pressure shield device

Abstract

To provide a negative-pressure shield device which has a simple device structure and can be relatively inexpensively manufactured.SOLUTION: A negative-pressure shield device 1 includes: a shield body 2 installed inside a vehicle with a space into which persons other than the person to be transported can enter between the shield body and an interior wall of the vehicle, the shield body covering at least the head of the person to be transported; and a duct 3 that communicates with the inside of the shield body 2 and discharges air inside the shield body 2 to the outside of the vehicle. In this manner, the negative pressure shield device 1 can be manufactured relatively inexpensively with a simple device configuration.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a negative pressure shield device that generates negative pressure inside. [Background technology]

[0002] Recently, the novel coronavirus infection has become a global problem. Reducing contact with infected people is an issue, and one important measure is to eliminate the risk of infection for emergency personnel (or medical personnel such as doctors and nurses in the case of ambulances) when transporting suspected infected people by ambulance. For this reason, various negative pressure shield devices integrated with stretchers have been proposed (Patent Documents 1 to 3). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-351123 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-28058 [Patent Document 3] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 11-290383 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, these negative pressure shield devices have a complicated configuration and are expensive, which is why these types of negative pressure shield devices have not yet come into widespread use.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a negative pressure shield device that has a simple device configuration and can be manufactured relatively inexpensively. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The negative pressure shield device according to the present invention comprises: a shield body that is installed in the vehicle with a space between it and a wall of the vehicle for other people other than the person to be transported to enter, and that covers at least the head of the person to be transported; a duct communicating with the inside of the shield body and for discharging the air inside the shield body to the outside of the vehicle; It is a negative pressure shield device.

[0007] As one aspect of the negative pressure shield device according to the present invention, The shield body is configured to include a ceiling portion and a peripheral wall portion, At least the peripheral wall portion is made of a flexible sheet, The shield body has an air intake The above configuration can be adopted.

[0008] As one aspect of the negative pressure shield device according to the present invention, The duct is connected to a ventilation opening provided inside the vehicle. The above configuration can be adopted.

[0009] As one aspect of the negative pressure shield device according to the present invention, The shield body has a peripheral wall consisting of left and right side walls, a front wall, and a rear wall that hangs down from the ceiling, accommodating a lying person inside and covering the entire body of the person. The above configuration can be adopted.

[0010] As one aspect of the negative pressure shield device according to the present invention, The shield body is configured so that it can be deployed flat by separating appropriate sides of the ceiling, left and right side walls, front wall, and rear wall. The above configuration can be adopted. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] As described above, according to the present invention, a negative pressure shield device can be obtained that has a simple device configuration and can be manufactured relatively inexpensively. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the patient compartment of an ambulance equipped with a negative pressure shield device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from the rear door side. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the patient room as seen from the driver's seat side. [Figure 3] 3(a) and 3(b) are front and side views of the negative pressure shield device. [Figure 4] 4(a) and 4(b) are cross-sectional front and side views of the negative pressure shield device. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a plan view of the negative pressure shield device in a deployed state. [Figure 6] Fig. 6(a) is a front view of a negative pressure shield device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 6(b) is a side view of the same negative pressure shield device. [Figure 7] 7(a) and 7(b) are front and side cross-sectional views of the negative pressure shield device. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a plan view of the negative pressure shield device in a deployed state. [Figure 9] 9(a) is a front view of a negative pressure shield device according to another embodiment, and FIG.9(b) is a side cross-sectional view of the same negative pressure shield device. [Figure 10] Figure 10(a) is a front cross-sectional view of a negative pressure shield device according to another embodiment, and Figure 10(b) is a side cross-sectional view of the same negative pressure shield device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] First Embodiment A negative pressure shield device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The negative pressure shield device according to the first embodiment is a negative pressure shield device mounted on the ambulance "Try Heart" manufactured by Sapporo Body Kogyo Co., Ltd.

[0014] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the negative pressure shield device 1 comprises a shield body 2 and a connection part 3. The shield body 2 is installed in a patient compartment 20 of an ambulance and covers a patient 23 on a stretcher 22 mounted on a stretcher stand 21 in the patient compartment 20. The connection part 3 communicates with the inside of the shield body 2 and is connected to a ventilation opening 24 provided at the top inside the patient compartment 20.

[0015] The shield body 2 is configured to include a ceiling portion 4 and a peripheral wall portion 5. The ceiling portion 4 and the peripheral wall portion 5 are each configured using a flexible and transparent sheet. In this embodiment, the ceiling portion 4 and the peripheral wall portion 5 are configured using a vinyl sheet that has a certain thickness and is strong enough not to be easily torn.

[0016] The ceiling portion 4 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the stretcher gantry 21 in a plan view. In this embodiment, the ceiling portion 4 has a rectangular shape. The ceiling portion 4 is disposed in a position close to the ceiling of the patient room 20.

[0017] The peripheral wall 5 is composed of a side wall 6, a front wall 7, and a rear wall 8. The side wall 6 is the portion that runs along the side wall of the patient room 20. The front wall 7 is the portion on the driver's seat side of the ambulance. The rear wall 8 is the portion on the rear door side of the patient room 20. The side wall 6 has a width that corresponds to the length in the front-to-rear direction of the stretcher cradle 21. The front wall 7 and the rear wall 8 each have a width that corresponds to the width of the stretcher cradle 21. The side wall 6, the front wall 7, and the rear wall 8 hang down from each side of the ceiling 4, and have lengths that contact or are close to the floor surface of the patient room 20.

[0018] As a result, the shield body 2 has a vertically long box shape with an open bottom, and accommodates the stretcher cradle 21, the stretcher 22 and the patient 23 inside, covering the entire body of the patient 23.

[0019] The stretcher platform 21 is movable in the vehicle width direction. However, the shield body 2 has a sufficient length in the vertical direction. Therefore, no matter what position the stretcher platform 21 is in, it never protrudes from the shield body 2 and is always maintained housed inside the shield body 2.

[0020] Furthermore, due to the height of the stretcher stand 21 and the stretcher 22, the patient 23 is positioned at a height that is approximately half the height of the patient room 20. Therefore, the distance from the patient 23 to the ceiling 4 of the shield main body 2 is sufficient. Therefore, the patient 23 can take an upright position in the internal space (isolation room) of the shield main body 2.

[0021] The connecting part 3 is a rectangular or round cylindrical tube that serves as an intake duct. An opening is formed in the ceiling part 4, and one open end of the connecting part 3 is attached to this opening. The connecting part 3 is a flexible, transparent sheet shaped into a cylindrical shape. In this embodiment, the connecting part 3 is made of a vinyl sheet that has a certain thickness and is strong enough to not easily tear, similar to the shield body 2. This gives the connecting part 3 flexibility, and the position and orientation of the other open end can be freely adjusted within a predetermined range. A ventilation opening 24 is provided in the ceiling of the patient room 20 directly above the opening, and the other open end of the connecting part 3 is attached so as to cover (surround) the ventilation opening 24. The connecting part 3 is attached to the ceiling of the patient room 20 around the ventilation opening 24 using various known means, such as tape, hook-and-loop fasteners, or adhesives.

[0022] When the ventilation fan is turned on, air inside the shield body 2 is sucked in from the ventilation port 24 through the inside of the connection part 3. This creates a negative pressure atmosphere inside the shield body 2, and the exhaled breath of the patient 23 does not leak out of the shield body 2 to the outside, but is all discharged outside the patient room 20 through the connection part 3 and the ventilation port 24. This eliminates the risk of infection for emergency personnel in the driver's seat or the patient room 20 (or for medical personnel such as doctors and nurses in the case of a doctor's car).

[0023] The ceiling 4 has a locking portion 9 extending along the front-to-rear direction inside the patient room 20. More specifically, the ceiling 4 has a pair of locking portions 9, 9 on the left and right sides along each side edge. Therefore, the distance between the pair of locking portions 9, 9 corresponds to the width of the stretcher platform 21. The locking portion 9 is formed by joining (for example, heat sealing) the side edge of the sheet of the ceiling 4 to the upper edge of the sheet of the side wall 6 at a predetermined width. Therefore, the locking portion 9 is a strip-like piece extending along the front-to-rear direction inside the patient room 20, and is reinforced by being thicker than the other sheets.

[0024] The locking portion 9 has a plurality of locking holes 9a, etc., spaced at predetermined intervals. In this embodiment, the locking holes 9a are holes for grommets attached to the strip.

[0025] A pair of parallel handrails 25, 25 are provided on the ceiling of the patient room 20, extending in the front-to-rear direction of the patient room 20 and spaced apart. The distance between the pair of handrails 25, 25 corresponds to the width of the stretcher platform 21. One of the S-shaped hooks 26 is hung in the locking hole 9a of the locking portion 9, and the other of the S-shaped hook 26 is hung on the handrail 25. As a result, the shield body 2 is suspended and supported within the patient room 20 while maintaining its box-like shape.

[0026] The shield body 2 has a loading / unloading opening in the rear wall 8. In this embodiment, an opening / closing line 10, for example, made of a fastener, is provided along two perpendicular sides of the upper edge and side edge of the rear wall 8. By opening this opening / closing line 10, the loading / unloading opening is opened, allowing the stretcher 22 to be loaded or unloaded, whereas by closing the opening / closing line 10, the loading / unloading opening is closed, allowing the shield body 2 to be sealed.

[0027] The shield body 2 has a plurality of arm insertion openings at appropriate locations. For example, one pair of arm insertion openings is provided near the front wall 7 of the side wall 6 for access to the upper body of the patient 23. Another pair of arm insertion openings is provided near the rear wall 8 of the side wall 6 for access to the lower body of the patient 23. Still another pair of arm insertion openings is provided in the front wall 7 for access to the head and face of the patient 23. In this embodiment, an opening / closing line 11, for example, formed by a fastener, is provided. By opening this opening / closing line 11, the arm insertion openings are opened, allowing the arms to be inserted into the shield body 2. A shield 12 is provided to cover the opening / closing line 11 from the inside to prevent contaminated air (droplets, etc.) from leaking out from the inside of the shield body 2 through the arm insertion openings. The shield 12 is made of a sheet made of the same material as the shield body 2, and its upper edge is joined (for example, heat-sealed) to the shield body 2.

[0028] 5, the shield body 2 is configured to be able to be deployed flat by cutting off appropriate sides of the ceiling portion 4, side wall portions 6, front wall portion 7, and rear wall portion 8. Specifically, opening and closing lines formed by appropriate fasteners, such as opening and closing line 10 formed by fasteners, are provided to enable the shield body 2 to be deployed flat.

[0029] In this way, the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment can create negative pressure only in the patient-only section (the area above the stretcher 22), which is part of the space inside the patient room 20, eliminating the risk of infection to others in the vehicle and effectively preventing infectious substances from scattering and adhering to items such as medical equipment installed in the patient room 20, thereby effectively preventing secondary infection.

[0030] Furthermore, according to the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment, not only does the peripheral wall portion 5 of the shield main body 2 surround the patient 23, but by adding the ceiling portion 4 to the configuration of the shield main body 2, it is possible to encase and surround the patient 23, and also to effectively prevent splashes from above.

[0031] Furthermore, the negative pressure shield device 1 according to this embodiment can be easily installed by simply using the S-hook 26 to hang the shield body 2 on the handrails 25, 25 provided at the top of the patient room 20. Conversely, the shield body 2 can be removed by simply removing the S-hook 26, allowing for easy maintenance.

[0032] Furthermore, according to the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment, the shield body 2 is transparent, so that the overall condition of the patient can be visually observed.

[0033] Furthermore, according to the negative pressure shield device 1 of this embodiment, the shield body 2 can be unfolded (disassembled) into a flat state, so that it can be spread out on the ground and washed entirely with water (using a deck brush, etc.) during cleaning and disinfection work.

[0034] Furthermore, the negative pressure shield device 1 according to this embodiment provides a sufficient distance between the patient 23 and the ceiling part 4 of the shield body 2, so it can also be used with patients who cannot assume a supine position (for example, asthma patients who prefer to have their upper body in an upright position, or patients who need to keep their feet up). In other words, the negative pressure shield device 1 according to this embodiment allows the patient a very high degree of freedom in their position.

[0035] Second Embodiment Next, a negative pressure shield device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The negative pressure shield device according to the second embodiment is a negative pressure shield device installed in Toyota's ambulance "HIMEDIC" and Nissan's ambulance "PARAMEDIC."

[0036] In these vehicle models, the stretcher platform 21 is located in the right half of the patient room 20 when viewed from the rear, and the ceiling of the patient room 20 is not flat but curved downwards towards the side wall of the patient room 20. For this reason, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the negative pressure shield device 1 according to this embodiment has a ceiling portion 4 that is inclined to match the ceiling of the patient room 20.

[0037] Also, only one handrail is provided on the ceiling of the patient room 20. Therefore, the higher engaging part 9 is hung on this handrail, and the lower engaging part 9 is hung on a handrail or the like provided on the upper part of the side wall of the patient room 20.

[0038] Furthermore, since there is no space for a person to enter between the side wall portion 6 on the side wall side of the patient room 20 and the side wall of the patient room 20, no arm insertion opening is provided on this side wall portion 6. Instead, as shown in FIG. 7, one or more similar components are provided (for example, a fastener opening / closing line 13 and a shielding body 14) and are used as openings for pulling in lines such as cords and cables of medical equipment attached to the side wall (shelf) of the patient room 20. In this case, the fastener must be able to be opened and closed from inside the shield body 2. For this reason, a fastener with slider pull tabs on both the front and back sides (a so-called double-sided slider type fastener) is used.

[0039] In this way, the negative pressure shield device 1 according to this embodiment also provides the same effects as the negative pressure shield device 1 according to the first embodiment.

[0040] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0041] For example, in each of the above-described embodiments, the ceiling portion 4 and the peripheral wall portion 5 are configured with a clear boundary. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The physical boundary between the ceiling portion and the peripheral wall portion may not be clear.

[0042] In each of the above embodiments, the ceiling 4 is made of a vinyl sheet, just like the peripheral wall 5. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The ceiling may be made of a different material from the peripheral wall, and may not be transparent.

[0043] In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the shield body 2 is constructed using only a vinyl sheet, and the appropriate shape is maintained by using the handrail 25, so no frame or the like is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In order to maintain the appropriate shape of the shield body 2, a frame or the like may be used to obtain a fixed shape.

[0044] In addition, in each of the above-described embodiments, the shield body 2 has a cross-sectional shape corresponding to the shape of the stretcher 22, thereby covering the entire body of the patient 23. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The length of the shield body in the front-to-rear direction may be shortened so that only the upper body or only the head of the patient is covered.

[0045] In each of the above embodiments, the shield body 2 is fastened to the upper part of the patient room 20 using the S-shaped hook 26. However, the present invention is not limited to this. As a means for fastening the shield body 2 to the upper part of the patient room 20, various known means such as a string, tape, a magnetic hook, a hook-and-loop fastener, etc. can be used.

[0046] In each of the above embodiments, an air intake port 15 can be provided as shown in Fig. 9. The air intake port 15 is an opening formed in an appropriate position in the shield body 2. A high-precision HEPA filter 16 can be additionally provided in this opening. This allows clean air to be taken into the inside of the shield body 2. The air intake port 15 is preferably provided in a location on the peripheral wall 5 away from the connection portion 3, for example, in the front wall 7 or near the front wall 7 of the side wall 6.

[0047] In each of the above embodiments, as shown in Fig. 9, a high-precision HEPA filter 17 can be provided at the connection part 3. This allows the air to be purified and discharged outside the patient room 20.

[0048] Furthermore, in each of the above-described embodiments, a second connecting portion 18 can be provided, as shown in FIG. 10 . The connecting portion 18 is connected to an ozone gas generator installed in the patient room 20. This allows efficient sterilization of only the inside of the shield body 2. The connecting portion 18 is a flexible, transparent sheet formed into a cylindrical shape. The connecting portion 18 has the same structure as the connecting portion 3, apart from minor differences in size and shape. In this embodiment, the connecting portion 18 is formed using a vinyl sheet that has a certain thickness and is strong enough to withstand tearing, similar to the shield body 2. This provides flexibility to the connecting portion 18, allowing the position and orientation of the other open end to be freely adjusted within a predetermined range. The ozone gas generator is typically installed on a side wall (or shelf) of the patient room 20. In this case, the connecting portion 18 is provided on the side wall portion 6.

[0049] In the above embodiment, the arm insertion opening is configured using, for example, a fastener-type opening line 11. However, the present invention is not limited to this. It goes without saying that various arm insertion openings can be used, such as the general circular arm insertion openings described in Patent Documents 1 and 2. [Explanation of symbols]

[0050] 1... negative pressure shield device, 2... shield main body, 3... connection portion (air intake duct), 4... ceiling portion, 5... peripheral wall portion, 6... side wall portion, 7... front wall portion, 8... rear wall portion, 9... engaging portion, 9a... engaging hole (grommet), 10... opening and closing line (fastener), 11... opening and closing line (fastener), 12... shielding body, 13... opening and closing line (fastener), 14... shielding body, 15... air intake port, 16... filter, 17... filter, 18... connection portion, 20... patient room, 21... stretcher stand, 22... stretcher, 23... patient, 24... ventilation opening, 25... handrail, 26... S-shaped hook (connecting means)

Claims

1. a shield body that is installed in the vehicle with a space between it and a wall of the vehicle for other people other than the person to be transported to enter, and that covers at least the head of the person to be transported; a duct communicating with the inside of the shield body and for discharging the air inside the shield body to the outside of the vehicle; Negative pressure shield device.

2. The shield body is configured to include a ceiling portion and a peripheral wall portion, At least the peripheral wall portion is made of a flexible sheet, The shield body has an air intake The negative pressure shield device according to claim 1 .

3. The duct is connected to a ventilation opening provided inside the vehicle. The negative pressure shield device according to claim 1 .

4. The shield body has a peripheral wall consisting of left and right side walls, a front wall, and a rear wall that hangs down from the ceiling, accommodating a lying person inside and covering the entire body of the person.

4. A negative pressure shield device according to claim 1.

5. The shield body is configured so that it can be deployed flat by separating appropriate sides of the ceiling, left and right side walls, front wall, and rear wall.

5. The negative pressure shield device according to claim 4.

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