Binder for wood-based panels containing an amino acid polymer and a polyaldehyde compound

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for producing a lignocellulose composite comprising one or more lignocellulose composite layers. The process comprises the step of S1) providing or preparing a mixture, the mixture comprising at least lignocellulose particles and a binder composition, the binder composition comprising, as components, at least c1) one or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups and c2) one or more polyaldehyde compounds. The process further comprises the steps of S2) compressing the mixture from step S1) to receive a compressed mixture, and S3) applying heat and optionally pressure to the compressed mixture from step S2), as a result of which the binder of the binder composition hardens and a lignocellulose composite is obtained. The present invention further relates to the use of the lignocellulose composite. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a kit for producing a binder composition for use in the production of a lignocellulose composite, and to the use of such a binder composition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a process for producing a lignocellulose composite, a binder composition suitable for use in said process, and a lignocellulose composite that can be produced by the process of the present invention. The present invention further relates to the use of the lignocellulose composite. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a kit for producing a binder composition according to the present invention for use in the production of a lignocellulose composite, and to the respective use of such a binder composition.

Background Art

[0002] Generally, in a process for producing a multi-layer or single-layer lignocellulose composite, a mixture of lignocellulose particles (i.e., particles consisting essentially of lignocellulose) and a binder is provided or prepared. This mixture is typically scattered, for example, to obtain a first layer of a multi-layer mat or to obtain a single-layer mat. When producing a multi-layer composite, two or more mixtures of lignocellulose particles are scattered continuously to obtain a mat having two or more individual layers. The resulting mat is then compressed, and the compressed mat or mixture is cured during or after compression, i.e., the mixture is treated such that the binder undergoes a curing process.

[0003] There is a need in the industry for an improved process for producing multi-layer or single-layer lignocellulose composites that can be obtained as much as possible from non-petrochemical substances, preferably renewable resources, and that uses a binder component suitable for reducing or avoiding potentially harmful substances such as formaldehyde and isocyanates or substances that release formaldehyde during or after the composite production process.

[0004] The following documents deal with specific aspects of the process for producing multi-layer or single-layer lignocellulose composites.

[0005] The document US 2011 / 0262648 A1 describes durable thermosets from reducing sugars and primary polyamines.

[0006] Document WO 2015 / 177114 A1 relates to water-soluble carbohydrate-polyamino acid based pre-reacted binder compositions.

[0007] The document EP 3 611 225 A2 deals with binder compositions with polylysine and at least one reducing sugar, said at least one reducing sugar being not a polyaldehyde in the sense defined herein, articles and methods for producing articles.

[0008] Document WO 2022 / 008671 A1 describes a resin-impregnated fibrous material in the form of a sheet or web, comprising an impregnating resin comprising a combination of resin component A, which may be an aminoplast resin (i.e. a polycondensation product of one or more amino compounds free of amino acids and one or more aldehydes), and resin component B, which is an oligomer or polymer having ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0009] [Patent Document 1] US Patent Application Publication No. 2011 / 0262648 [Patent Document 2] International Publication No. 2015 / 177114 Brochure [Patent Document 3] European Patent Application Publication No. 3611225 [Patent Document 4] International Publication No. 2022 / 008671 Brochure Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0010] In view of the existing prior art, there is still a need for an improved method for producing multi-layer or single-layer lignocellulose composites in which binder components that can be obtained from non-petroleum chemical resources, preferably renewable resources, are used as much as possible, and harmful or potentially harmful substances are reduced or avoided as much as possible.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0011] Correspondingly, the main object of the present invention is an improved method for producing multi-layer or single-layer lignocellulose composites, in particular, a process in which the obtained lignocellulose composite has increased strength when compared with similar lignocellulose composites not produced according to the process of the present invention, or a process in which the heating and / or pressing time required to obtain a lignocellulose composite having a strength comparable to that of similar lignocellulose composites not produced according to the process of the present invention is further shortened.

[0012] A further object of the present invention was to provide a binder composition suitable for use in an improved process for producing multi-layer or single-layer lignocellulose composites, and a lignocellulose composite obtained from said process.

[0013] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing multi-layer or single-layer lignocellulose composites and their respective binder compositions, in which the binder composition contains the highest possible proportion of bio-based components in order to reduce or avoid the emission of harmful or other undesirable volatile compounds during or after production and to enable safe disposal and / or reduction of potentially environmentally harmful waste.

[0014] The main and other objects of the present invention are at least the following steps: S1) Providing or preparing a mixture, wherein the mixture comprises at least - lignocellulose particles and - A binder composition (preferably an aqueous binder composition, i.e., a binder composition containing water), preferably at least as a component for curing the binder or the binder composition, c1) One or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, preferably containing one or more polylysines, and c2) One or more polyaldehyde compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds having preferably two or more aldehyde groups and compounds having tautomers having two or more aldehyde groups; A step comprising a binder composition; S2) Compressing the mixture from step S1) to receive the compressed mixture; S3) Applying heat and optionally pressure (preferably applying heat and pressure) to the compressed mixture from step S2), so that the binder of the binder composition (preferably the curable component of the binder or the binder composition) cures, A step of obtaining a lignocellulose composite (or a layer of a multilayer lignocellulose composite), which can be achieved by a process for producing a lignocellulose composite comprising one (especially "single-layer lignocellulose composite") or more than one lignocellulose composite layer (especially "multilayer lignocellulose composite") has been found here.

[0015] The present invention and its preferred variations and preferred combinations of parameters, properties and elements are defined in the appended claims. Preferred embodiments, details, modifications and advantages of the present invention are also defined and described in the following description and the examples shown below.

[0016] Here, it has been found (and shown in the following examples) that the process for generating the multi-layer or single-layer lignocellulose composite according to the present invention described herein exhibits certain improvements over similar methods known from the prior art. In particular, the process according to the present invention results in a lignocellulose composite having increased strength (increased internal bond strength) when compared to similar lignocellulose composites not produced according to the process of the present invention, or requires less heating and / or pressing time to obtain a lignocellulose composite having equivalent strength to similar lignocellulose composites not produced according to the process of the present invention. In many cases, the process according to the present invention also results in a lignocellulose composite that exhibits less swelling upon contact with moisture when compared to similar lignocellulose composites not produced according to the process of the present invention.

[0017] Unless otherwise specified, the preferred embodiments, aspects or features of the present invention can be combined with other embodiments, aspects or features, particularly other preferred embodiments, aspects or features, regardless of the category to which the embodiments, aspects or features relate. Combinations of preferred embodiments, aspects or features with other preferred embodiments, aspects or features will in any case result in preferred embodiments, aspects or features.

[0018] As used herein, the term "lignocellulose particle" refers to and includes any type, size, and shape of lignocellulose particle, such as fibers, chips, strands, flakes, sawmill waste and shavings, or mixtures thereof. In addition, any type of lignocellulose biomass, such as oak, beech, birch, pine, spruce, larch, eucalyptus, ash, poplar, basswood, fir, tropical trees, sisal, jute, flax, coconut, kenaf, hemp, banana, straw, cotton stalks, bamboo, etc. can be used as a source of said lignocellulose particles. For generating the lignocellulose composite of the present invention, lignocellulose particles from both unused wood and / or waste wood, such as old furniture, can be used. According to the present invention, it is further possible to use a mixture of different types of lignocellulose particles in the generation of the lignocellulose composite.

[0019] As used herein, the term "single-layer lignocellulose composite" (i.e., a lignocellulose composite comprising one layer of lignocellulose composite) refers to and includes any single-layer composite material containing lignocellulose particles and a cured binder that binds the lignocellulose particles. Further, the term "single-layer" specifies that the lignocellulose composite contains only one layer of lignocellulose material and binder, and the single layer is preferably produced by a process that includes a single step of scattering the lignocellulose particles. The "single-layer lignocellulose composite" can be of any shape, such as rectangular, square, circular, triangular, etc. The "single-layer lignocellulose composite" can also be of any thickness, density, and color as long as it contains lignocellulose particles and a cured binder. The "single-layer lignocellulose composite" can also contain some other compounds different from the lignocellulose particles and the binder. The lignocellulose particles used in the production of the "single-layer lignocellulose composite" are of the same type or different types of lignocellulose biomass (see above for preferred types).

[0020] As used herein, the term "multilayer lignocellulose composite" (i.e., a lignocellulose composite comprising more than one layer of lignocellulose composite) refers to and includes any multilayer composite containing lignocellulose particles and a hardening binder that binds the lignocellulose particles, in which distinguishable (individual) layers are present within the composite. The multilayer lignocellulose composite preferably includes at least two distinguishable (individual) layers, particularly a core layer and an upper and a lower surface layer, or four or more layers within the same composite material. Adjacent layers of the multilayer lignocellulose composite are distinguishable with respect to their composition, density, color or any other property, and adjacent layers include the same type of lignocellulose particles and / or binder or different types of lignocellulose particles and / or binder. The (individual) layers may also include or consist of materials different from the lignocellulose particles and / or binder, such as plastics, fabrics, paint coats, etc. derived from foreign matter in waste wood, but at least one of the "multilayer lignocellulose composites" must contain lignocellulose particles. The lignocellulose particles used in the production of the individual layers of the "multilayer lignocellulose composite" are of the same type or different types of lignocellulose biomass (see above for preferred types). The lignocellulose particles used in the production of the separate (individual) layers of the "multilayer lignocellulose composite" are of the same type or different types of lignocellulose biomass (see above for preferred types), or are the same or different mixtures of two or more of such types of lignocellulose biomass. Further, the term "multilayer" specifies that the lignocellulose composite includes at least two individual layers, at least one, preferably two or more of which contain a lignocellulose material and a binder, and one or more or all of said layers are preferably produced by a multi-step process including the step of scattering lignocellulose particles for each (individual) layer of the lignocellulose material and binder.

[0021] As used herein, the term "amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups" (of component c1 of the binder composition) refers to a polymer compound that is a polymerization product of an amino acid and optionally other monomers (the monomers of the polymer compound are preferably connected or bonded to each other via amide bonds), and the other monomers are a) an amine containing at least two amino groups, which is not an amino acid, and an amine, b) an organic compound having at least two carboxyl groups, preferably selected from the group consisting of organic dicarboxylic acids and organic tricarboxylic acids, which is not an amino acid, and an organic compound, and is selected from the group consisting of Based on the total amount of monomers forming the amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups, preferably at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, preferably at least 85% by weight, preferably at least 90% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, preferably at least 97.5% by weight, preferably at least 99% by weight, preferably 100% by weight of the amino acid is used as a monomer for the polymerization reaction.

[0022] Generally, and for the purposes of the present invention, the amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups may include or consist of dimers (n = 2), trimers (n = 3), oligomers (n = 4 to 10) and / or macromolecules (n>10) (wherein n is the number of monomers that have reacted to form the dimers, trimers, oligomers and macromolecules of the amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups).

[0023] One of ordinary skill in the art will select the monomers for producing the amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups such that a desired amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups is obtained.

[0024] As used herein, the term "amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups" also includes derivatives obtained by modification of an amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups after polymer synthesis. The modification is carried out using the following reagents: i) Alkyl carboxylic acids or alkenyl carboxylic acids such as, for example, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, hexadecenoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and / or linolenic acid and / or their Li, Na, K, Cs, Ca or ammonium salts, and / or ii) Polyalkylene oxides terminated by amino groups and / or acid groups and having one, two or more functional valences, preferably polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide and / or polyethylene - propylene oxide, and / or iii) Alkylene oxides such as, for example, ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide, and / or iv) Lactones such as epsilon - caprolactone, delta - valerolactone, gamma - butyrolactone, and / or v) Can be carried out by reaction with an alcohol such as an alkanol such as oleyl alcohol.

[0025] An amino acid that can be present as a monomer in an amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups is an organic compound containing at least one primary amine (-NH2) functional group and at least one carboxyl (-COOH) functional group. The amino acid is preferably selected from the group consisting of lysine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, asparagine, glutamine, cysteine, selenocysteine, glycine, alpha-alanine, beta-alanine, tyrosine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, epsilon-aminocaproic acid, ornithine, diaminopimelic acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, or a mixture thereof. The amino acids can be used in their L- or D- or racemic forms. The amino acids can also be used in their cyclic lactam forms, such as epsilon-caprolactam.

[0026] Preferred amino acids for use in the polymerization reaction (as monomers for forming the amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups for use in the process according to the invention) are diamino acids containing two amino groups, preferably two primary amino groups (-NH2) and at least one carboxyl (-COOH) group. Such diamino acids are preferably selected from the group consisting of ornithine, diaminopimelic acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, and lysine. Lysine is preferred as an amino acid monomer for forming the amino acid polymer having two or more primary amine groups. For this purpose, L-lysine is even more preferred.

[0027] (Component c1)) One or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups are amino acids, Preferably, diamino acids containing two primary amino groups (-NH2) and at least one carboxyl (-COOH) group, More preferably, it contains, or is, a polymer compound that is a polymerization product of an amino acid selected from the group consisting of ornithine, diaminopimelic acid, 2,3-diaminopropionic acid, 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, and lysine, and the process of the present invention described herein (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein) is also preferred.

[0028] The amino acid polymer having two or more primary amine groups can be linear, branched, or partially linear and partially branched.

[0029] Preferred amino acid polymers having two or more primary amine groups for the purposes of the present invention are described below.

[0030] As used herein, the term "polyaldehyde compound" (of component c2 of the binder composition) refers to a compound having two or more (preferably two) aldehyde groups, and a compound having a tautomer having two or more (preferably two) aldehyde groups (e.g., 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-dicarbaldehyde), which can react with an amine compound and optionally a further compound to form a cured binder. As used herein, the phrase "compound having a tautomer having two or more aldehyde groups" means a compound that can provide two or more aldehyde groups in a suitable reaction (e.g., in a reaction with one or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amine groups), but the "compound having a tautomer having two or more aldehyde groups" may exist in a tautomeric form of their chemical structure that does not show (or reveals) one or both aldehyde functional groups (this phenomenon is also known as "keto-enol tautomerism"). Examples of such tautomers of a compound having a tautomer having two or more aldehyde groups where the tautomer does not show both available aldehyde functional groups of the chemical compound are 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde (HMF; CAS RN 67-47-0).

[0031] For use in the binder composition of component c2), such a polyaldehyde compound must be able to react with an amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups used in component c1).

[0032] The binder composition used in the process of the present invention contains, as components, preferably for curing the binder or the binder composition, one or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, which are component c1), and one or more polyaldehyde compounds, which are c2). Components c1) and c2) are also referred to herein as "curable components", preferably "thermosetting components" of the binder or the binder composition. More specifically, components c1) and c2) are also collectively referred to herein as "binder", and are separately referred to as "curable components", preferably "thermosetting components" of the binder.

[0033] One or more amino acid polymers of component c1) of the binder composition contain (or are) one or more polylysines, Preferably, one or more polylysines - have a weight average molecular weight M of ≧ 800 g / mol, preferably ≧ 1000 g / mol, more preferably ≧ 1150 g / mol, even more preferably ≧ 1500 g / mol w and preferably the weight average molecular weight M w is determined by size exclusion chromatography; and / or - have a weight average molecular weight M of ≦ 10000 g / mol, preferably ≦ 8000 g / mol, more preferably ≦ 5000 g / mol, even more preferably ≦ 4000 g / mol w and preferably the weight average molecular weight M w is determined by size exclusion chromatography; and / or - 800 g / mol ≦ M w ≦ 10000 g / mol, preferably 1000 g / mol ≦ M w ≦ 8000 g / mol, more preferably 1500 g / mol ≦ Mw ≤5000 g / mol, more preferably 1800 g / mol ≤ M w The weight average molecular weight M in the range of ≤ 4000 g / mol w having, preferably the weight average molecular weight M w is determined by size exclusion chromatography; and / or - As monomers incorporated into their polymer structure, based on the total weight of the monomers forming polylysine, at least 85% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, more preferably at least 99% by weight, even more preferably 100% by weight of lysine monomers, the process of the present invention described herein (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein) is preferred.

[0034] Preferably, the weight percentage (weight percent) of lysine (monomer), preferably L-lysine, in one or more polylysines can be determined by methods known per se, for example, by complete hydrolysis of polylysine and subsequent analysis of the resulting monomers by HPLC / MS. In this formal calculation for the amino acid (lysine) polymer of component c1), preferably when prepared by condensation of lysine, the release of water in the condensation from the amino acid is ignored.

[0035] The weight average molecular weight M of one or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups and containing polylysine w (used in the binder composition of the process according to the present invention) is preferably determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) as generally known in the art, preferably applying the conditions and technical parameters as specified herein in the Examples section (see Method 7 in the Examples section described herein).

[0036] Said one or more polylysines can be linear or branched or partially linear and partially branched.

[0037] As used herein, the term "polylysine" refers to a polymerization product of monomeric lysine, preferably L-lysine, optionally with a) an amino acid, and b) an amine containing at least two amino groups and not being an amino acid, and c) a dicarboxylic acid not being an amino acid and a tricarboxylic acid not being an amino acid, with a further monomer selected from the group consisting of. Preferably, based on the total amount of monomers used in the polymerization of polylysine, the proportion of lysine in weight % as a monomer for the polymerization reaction to produce polylysine is ≧10% by weight, preferably ≧20% by weight, or or Based on the total amount of monomers used, at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, preferably at least 85% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, more preferably at least 99% by weight, even more preferably 100% by weight of lysine is used as a monomer for the polymerization reaction to produce said polylysine.

[0038] For the purposes of the present invention, polylysine is preferably a homopolymer of lysine, preferably a homopolymer of L-lysine.

[0039] Generally, and for the purposes of the present invention, polylysine can contain or consist of dimers (n = 2), trimers (n = 3), oligomers (n = 4 - 10) and / or macromolecules (n > 10) (wherein n is the number of lysine monomers that have reacted to form the dimers, trimers, oligomers and macromolecules of polylysine). Furthermore, lysine monomers can be present in limited amounts in a mixture with polylysine, for example due to incomplete conversion of monomers during the polymerization reaction to produce polylysine.

[0040] Lysine has two possibilities of reacting during polymerization. Either the α-NH2 or the ε-NH2 can react with a carboxylic acid. Thus, there are two linear polylysine types, namely α-polylysine or ε-polylysine. Polymerization can also be carried out such that both the α-NH2 and the ε-NH2 react with the carboxylic acid groups to form both α-bonds and ε-bonds. Preferably, the polylysine is a branched polylysine. The preferred polylysine used according to the present invention has more ε-bonds than α-bonds. Preferably, the ratio of ε-bonds to α-bonds is from 1.0:1 to 6.0:1, preferably from 1.25:1 to 4.0:1, preferably from 1.5:1 to 3.0:1. This ratio can be determined by the integration of the corresponding signals in the 1 1H-NMR spectrum of the polylysine.

[0041] In the present text, the term polylysine also preferably includes polylysine derivatives that can be prepared by, or can be prepared from, the modification reaction of (i) the amino groups present in the polylysine obtained by polymer synthesis and (ii) electrophiles such as carboxylic acids, epoxides and lactones. The total amount of amino groups reacted in the modification reaction is 20% or less, preferably 10% or less, based on the total amount of amino groups in the polylysine obtained by polymer synthesis (i.e., before modification).

[0042] The process according to the invention in which the binder composition contains, as component c1), an amino acid polymer having two or more primary amino groups, in particular polylysine, has been found in unique experiments to be suitable for the production of lignocellulose composites which exhibit increased strength (or require a shorter pressing time to achieve a similar strength) when compared to similar lignocellulose composites in which other amino-functionalized compounds are used in the binder composition. For example, it has been reported in WO 2015 / 177114 A1 that a binder composition containing lysine monomer and hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) as amino-functionalized components could not be fully cured in the presence of reducing sugar and sodium hydroxide.

[0043] Also preferred is the process of the present invention described herein (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein) in which one or at least one or more or all of the more polyaldehyde compounds of component c2) of the binder composition are selected from the group consisting of oxidized starch, glyoxal, dialdehyde cellulose, propanediol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, furan-2,5-dicarbaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde (HMF; CAS RN 67-47-0), 3-hydroxy-2-oxo-propanal and mixtures thereof.

[0044] As described above, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde (HMF) is regarded herein as a compound having two aldehyde groups since it has an enol-keto-tautomer having two aldehyde groups.

[0045] Preferably, one or at least one or more or all of the more polyaldehyde compounds of component c2) of the binder composition are selected from the group consisting of glyoxal, furan-2,5-dicarbaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde and mixtures thereof (for the purposes of the process of the present invention described herein or preferably the process of the present invention described herein).

[0046] More preferably, one or at least one of the more polyaldehyde compounds is 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde.

[0047] Furthermore, the process of the present invention described herein (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein) in which the mixture provided or prepared in step S1) further comprises one or more alpha-hydroxycarbonyl compounds selected from the group consisting of c3) preferably glycolaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, hydroxyacetone, arabinose, xylose, glucose, mannose, fructose, sucrose and mixtures thereof is preferred.

[0048] The process according to the present invention in which the binder composition used in step S1) comprises component c2) one or more polyaldehyde compounds (selected from the group consisting of compounds having two or more aldehyde groups and compounds having tautomers having two or more aldehyde groups), in particular one or more of the preferred polyaldehyde compounds specified above, shows an increase in strength (or the pressing time required to achieve the same strength is more shortened) and / or less swelling upon contact with moisture when compared to a similar lignocellulose composite from the prior art (see for example European Patent Application Publication No. 3 611 225 A2) in which a reducing sugar is used in the binder composition but no polyaldehyde compound is used. It has been found in unique experiments that it is suitable for producing a lignocellulose composite.

[0049] Also preferred is the process of the present invention described herein (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein) in which the ratio of (i) the total weight of one or more amino acid polymers of component c1) of the binder composition: (ii) the total weight of one or more polyaldehyde compounds of component c2) of the binder composition is in the range of 60:40 to 95:5, preferably 65:35 to 90:10, more preferably 70:30 to 90:10.

[0050] Also preferred is the process of the present invention described herein (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein) in which the molar ratio of (i) the primary amino groups provided by one or more amino acid polymers of component c1) of the binder composition to (ii) the aldehyde groups provided by one or more polyaldehyde compounds of component c2) of the binder composition is in the range of 0.1 to 1.2, preferably 0.2 to 1.0, more preferably 0.3 to 0.8. Here too, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde (HMF) is regarded herein as a compound having two aldehyde groups.

[0051] When 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde is used as the polyaldehyde (i.e., the tautomeric dialdehyde) compound of component c2), it has been found in unique experiments that a particularly high internal bond strength can be achieved in the lignocellulose composite produced by the process according to the invention, or that the pressing time required to achieve a defined internal bond strength is more shortened compared to the use of a similar binder in which another carbonyl compound other than the polyaldehyde is used. Particularly good results (with respect to the internal bond strength and / or the shortening of the pressing time) are achieved in the process according to the invention when polylysine is used as component c1) of the binder composition and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde is used as component c2) of the binder composition.

[0052] Similarly, it has been found in unique experiments that the most practical results are achieved for the lignocellulose composite produced by the process according to the invention when the ratio of (i) the total weight of one or more amino acid polymers of component c1) of the binder composition to (ii) the total weight of one or more polyaldehyde compounds of component c2) of the binder composition is selected within the preferred ranges outlined above.

[0053] It has been found in unique experiments that the best practical results of the lignocellulose composite produced by the process according to the invention are achieved when the binder composition has the proportions defined above component c1) and / or c2).

[0054] In addition, the mixture (and preferably the binder composition) provided or prepared in step S1) of the process further comprises a carrier liquid, preferably water, and preferably, - one or more amino acid polymers which are component c1) are present in the binder composition in a total amount in the range of ≧20 to ≦50% by weight, preferably ≧25 to ≦45% by weight, more preferably ≧25 to ≦40% by weight, based on the total weight of components c1) to c2) and the carrier liquid; and / or - one or more polyaldehyde compounds which are component c2) are present in the binder composition in a total amount in the range of ≧3 to ≦20% by weight, preferably ≧5 to ≦15% by weight, more preferably ≧7 to ≦12% by weight, based on the total weight of components c1) to c2) and the carrier liquid; and / or - the pH value of the binder composition is in the range of 10 to 14, preferably 11 to 14, more preferably 12 to 14, the process of the invention described herein (or preferably the process of the invention described herein) is preferred.

[0055] Regarding the amounts of components c1), c2) and c3), according to the invention, it is not essential that they be present in an ideally mixed binder composition. Instead, the individual components may be applied separately to the lignocellulose particles, and the amounts of the components are given relative to the total amount of the individual components when present in the final binder composition or prepared to give the final binder composition.

[0056] Also, in the mixture provided or prepared in step S1) of the process, the total amount of one or more amino acid polymers of the binder composition which are component c1) and one or more polyaldehyde compounds of the binder composition which are component c2) is Present (or used in the preparation of the binder composition) in the range of ≥3 to ≤8% by weight, preferably ≥3.5 to ≤7.5% by weight, more preferably ≥4 to ≤6.5% by weight, based on the total amount of oven-dried lignocellulose particles of the mixture, the process according to the invention as described herein (or preferably the process of the invention as described herein) is also preferred.

[0057] Surprisingly, when the total amount of components c1) and c2) is relatively small as described above, a lignocellulose composite that is sufficiently stable and robust for many applications, such as use as a lignocellulose composite board in the furniture industry, can be obtained.

[0058] Generally, in step S1) for preparing the mixture, the lignocellulose particles may be blended with one or more or all of the components of the binder composition, and / or one or more or all of the components of the binder composition may be sprayed onto the lignocellulose particles, while the components of the binder composition may or may not be pre-mixed (preferably, they are pre-mixed) before blending or spraying.

[0059] The process according to the invention as described herein (or preferably the process of the invention as described herein), wherein the mixture in step S1) is prepared in a first step S1-1) by providing or preparing a binder composition comprising at least components c1) and c2), preferably water, and in a second step S1-2) by contacting the binder composition provided or prepared in step S1-1) with the lignocellulose particles, preferably by spraying the binder composition onto the lignocellulose particles, is preferred.

[0060] In the process of the present invention, the binder composition may further comprise one, two or more compounds independently selected from the group consisting of alkali salts and alkaline earth salts (preferably sodium nitrate), hydrophobizing agents (preferably paraffin and mixtures containing paraffin, more preferably paraffin emulsion), dyes, pigments, antifungal agents, antibacterial agents, rheology modifiers, fillers, release agents, surfactants and detergents.

[0061] The process of the present invention is preferably one that includes steps carried out batchwise and / or steps carried out continuously for producing the lignocellulose composite (preferably as defined as preferred herein). Thus, the process of the present invention is suitable for a wide variety of different production facilities and provides numerous options for the production of the desired lignocellulose composite, i.e., a multilayer lignocellulose composite or a monolayer lignocellulose composite comprising one or more, preferably two or more, more preferably three lignocellulose composite layers. As a preferred process of the present invention, batch production is preferably selected for producing individual lignocellulose composites having, for example, different shapes, thicknesses, etc., while a fully continuous process is preferably selected for producing a more uniform lignocellulose composite having, for example, similar shapes, thicknesses, etc.

[0062] The preferred process of the present invention can also preferably include one or more steps carried out batchwise and one or more steps carried out continuously. One preferred example of such a composite process is the production of a monolayer lignocellulose composite in a continuously carried out process step and the subsequent batchwise (and preferably individual) production of a multilayer lignocellulose composite using the continuously produced monolayer lignocellulose composite as starting material, for example as the core layer of the multilayer lignocellulose composite.

[0063] The lignocellulose composite is - high density fiberboard (HDF); - medium density fiberboard (MDF); - Low-density fiberboard (LDF); - Wood fiber insulation board; - Oriented strand board (OSB); - Chipboard; and - A lignocellulose board selected from the group consisting of natural fiber boards having fibers from the group consisting of sisal, jute, flax, coconut, kenaf, hemp, banana and mixtures thereof; The lignocellulose board is - A single-layer lignocellulose board, or - A multi-layer lignocellulose board, Preferably, the process of the present invention described herein (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein) which is a multi-layer lignocellulose board having a core layer, an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer is also preferred.

[0064] Furthermore, according to the present invention, multi-layer boards having different compositions within individual layers and multi-layer boards having different binder compositions within individual layers are preferred. A preferred variant is a three-layer board in which the core layer contains urea formaldehyde and / or isocyanate and the surface layer contains the binder composition of the present invention.

[0065] According to a preferred embodiment of the process according to the present invention, the production process results in a lignocellulose composite which is preferably a single-layer lignocellulose board or a multi-layer lignocellulose board, more preferably a multi-layer lignocellulose board. The multi-layer lignocellulose board is more preferably a board having at least a core layer, as well as an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer. In that case, the total number of layers is three or more. If the number of layers is four or more, there is one or more intermediate layers. A three-layer board having one core layer, an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer is preferred.

[0066] Accordingly, a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for producing high-density fiberboard (HDF), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), low-density fiberboard (LDF), wood fiber insulation board, oriented strand board (OSB), chipboard or natural fiber board, the board being preferably either a single-layer lignocellulose board or a multi-layer lignocellulose board, more preferably a multi-layer lignocellulose board, and most preferably a three-layer lignocellulose board.

[0067] The compression in step S2) is generally carried out at a pressure of 0.1 to 3.0 MPa, preferably 0.2 to 2.5 MPa, more preferably 0.3 to 2.0 MPa. Usually, in step S2), the mixture from step S1) is compressed without applying heat to the mixture. Optionally, energy can be introduced into the compressed mixture by a preheating step using one or more energy sources of any kind during or after step S2) and before process step S3). Suitable energy sources are, for example, hot air, electrical energy (e.g., microwave or high-frequency heating), steam or a steam / air mixture. This can increase the temperature of the compressed mixture and change its moisture content. After the optional preheating step, the temperature in the core of the compressed mixture can be 40 to 80 °C, preferably 40 to 70 °C. Preheating with steam and steam / air mixtures can also be carried out such that only the region near the surface is heated and the core is not heated.

[0068] The compression in step S2) and, optionally, the preheating during or after step S2) can be carried out by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as those described in M. Dunky, P. Niemz, Holzwerkstoffe and Leime [Wood Materials and Glues], Springer Verlag Heidelberg, 2002, pg. 122 and 819 or in H.-J. Deppe, K. Ernst, MDF - Medium - Density Fiberboard, DRW - Verlag, 1996, pp. 44, 45 and 93 or in A. Wagenfuhr, F. Scholz, Taschenbuch der Holztechnik [Handbook of Wood Technology], Fachbuchverlag Leipzig, 2012, pg. 219.

[0069] In step S3) of the process of the present invention, heat and / or (preferably “and”) pressure are applied to the compressed mixture from step S2) such that the binder of the binder composition cures.

[0070] During step S3) or at the end of step S3), heat is applied such that the temperature at the center of the formed lignocellulose composite can be at least 80 °C, preferably 80 - 180 °C, preferably 90 - 150 °C, more preferably 95 - 125 °C.

[0071] Preferably, the temperature applied in step S3) is measured at the center of the (three - dimensional) lignocellulose composite obtained at the end of step S3).

[0072] In step S3), the compressed mixture (compressed mat) obtained after step S2) may be further compressed. Preferably, the pressure in step S3) is in the range of 0.1 - 10 MPa, preferably 0.5 - 8 MPa, more preferably 1 - 6 MPa.

[0073] The measurement of the temperature at the center of the lignocellulose composite can be carried out according to known methods, in particular according to the methods described in Meyer / Thoemen, Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff [European Journal of Wood and Wood Products] (2007) 65, p. 49-55, or Thoemen, 2010, "Vom Holz zum Werkstoff - grundlegende Untersuchungen zur Herstellung und Struktur von Holzwerkstoffen [From wood to materials - basic investigations for the preparation and the structure of wood - based materials]", ISBN 978 - 3 - 9523198 - 9 - 5, pages 24 to 30 and pages 78 to 85. For the wireless measurement of the temperature sensor, for example, the CONTI LOG sensor or the EASYlog sensor of Fagus - Grecon Greten GmbH & Co. KG can be used, which can be inserted into the mixture for generating the lignocellulose composite, for example, during or after step S1). When high frequency is applied during step S3), the temperature at the center of the lignocellulose composite can be measured with a temperature sensor consisting of Teflon® - coated glass fiber with a gallium arsenide chip.

[0074] The application of heat in step S3) can be carried out by heat transfer from the heated surface, in particular from the hot surface of a press plate (single opening or multiple daylight presses) or a belt (double belt press), and / or by high-frequency heating (application of a high-frequency electric field). For example, step S3) can be carried out on a conventional hot press such as the double belt press CPS+ manufactured by Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen-und Anlagenbau or the ContiRoll® manufactured by Siempelkamp GmbH & Co. KG. After step S3), the lignocellulose composite ("board") can be cooled more slowly with a stark cooler or by hot lamination.

[0075] When the application of heat in step S3) is carried out by heat transfer from a hot surface, for example on a conventional hot press, the temperature of these surfaces is in the range of 80 to 300 °C, more preferably 120 to 280 °C, even more preferably 150 to 250 °C.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein), the heating in step S3) preferably comprises applying a high-frequency electric field to the mixture such that the binder cures and binds to the lignocellulose particles, as a result of which a lignocellulose composite (or a layer of a multi-layer lignocellulose composite) is obtained.

[0077] As used herein, the term "high-frequency electric field" refers to and includes any kind of high-frequency electric or electromagnetic field, such as microwave irradiation or high-frequency electric field generated after applying a high-frequency alternating voltage to a plate capacitor between two capacitor plates. Suitable frequencies for the high-frequency electric field are in the range of 100 kHz to 30 GHz, preferably 6 MHz to 3 GHz, more preferably 13 MHz to 41 MHz. Particularly preferred and favorable are the respective nationally and internationally approved frequencies, such as 13.56 MHz, 27.12 MHz, 40.68 MHz, 2.45 GHz, 5.80 GHz, 24.12 GHz, more preferably 13.56 and 27.12 MHz. The power used to generate such a high-frequency electric field in the process of the present invention is preferably in the range of 10 to 10,000 kWh, more preferably 100 to 5,000 kWh, and most preferably 500 to 2,000 kWh.

[0078] A process for producing a lignocellulose composite comprises the following steps - Preparing a layer of the mixture provided or prepared in step S1), preferably by scattering, and compressing this layer in step S2); - Providing or preparing at least first and second individual mixtures for preparing a multilayer lignocellulose composite comprising one or more lignocellulose composite layers, and using said first and second individual mixtures to form the first and second layers of the multilayer lignocellulose composite, wherein the first and second layers preferably contact each other and / or the first and second individual mixtures have the same composition or different compositions; - Preparing two or more layers for preparing a multilayer lignocellulose composite, preferably by scattering the individual layers on top of each other, wherein each layer contains lignocellulose particles and a binder, and in two or more layers, the lignocellulose particles and / or the binder are the same or different; - a step of preheating the mixture during or after compression in step S2); - a step of heating in step S3) such that the temperature at the center of the formed lignocellulose composite can be at least 80 °C, preferably 80 - 180 °C, preferably 90 - 150 °C, more preferably 95 - 125 °C, during or at the end of step S3); - a step of applying a pressure in the range of 1 - 10 MPa to the compressed mixture from step S2) in step S3), wherein the process of the present invention described herein (or preferably the process of the present invention described herein) preferably includes one, two, three, more than three or all of the above steps.

[0079] According to the present invention, the application (compression) of any pressure may be carried out in several stages.

[0080] According to a preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention, the process of the present invention for producing a lignocellulose composite includes one, two, three or more preferred steps, each of which is a specific embodiment of step S1), S2) or S3), or any of the additional steps. Each of these preferred steps is optional and can be carried out individually or in combination with one or more of the other preferred steps.

[0081] One of the preferred steps relates to step S1) of preparing the mixture comprising or consisting of the lignocellulose particles and the binder composition. According to this preferred embodiment, the lignocellulose particles are blended with one or more or all of the components of the binder composition, or one or more or all of the components of the binder composition are sprayed onto the lignocellulose particles. Specifically, the components of the binder composition are blended or sprayed preferably continuously with or onto the lignocellulose particles, simultaneously (e.g., mixed with each other) or sequentially, as further specified and outlined above.

[0082] Another preferred step of the present invention is the step of preparing a layer of the mixture provided or prepared in step S1), preferably by scattering, and the step of compressing this layer in step S2). The preparation of the layer by scattering is a preferred additional step for the production of the lignocellulose composite.

[0083] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least a first and a second individual mixture are provided or prepared for preparing a multi-layer lignocellulose composite. The first and second individual mixtures are then used to create the first and second layers of the multi-layer lignocellulose composite. Preferably, the first and second layers are in contact with each other. According to this preferred embodiment, the first and second individual mixtures have the same or different compositions, and even more preferably, the first and second individual mixtures have different compositions. Thus, the different individual mixtures and / or layers of the prepared multi-layer lignocellulose composite preferably have different specific properties, such as density, color, etc., and / or they differ with respect to their composition, and different compositions are obtained by using different binders, lignocellulose particles and / or, for example, other (additional) components, such as plastics, fabrics, paint coats, etc. derived from foreign substances in waste wood. The individual layers preferably (i) contain different binders and different lignocellulose particles, or (ii) contain the same binder but different lignocellulose particles, or (iii) contain the same binder and the same lignocellulose particles but in different ratios.

[0084] According to a preferred process technically related to the present invention, the preparation of the multi-layer lignocellulose composite includes the preparation of two, three or more layers, each layer containing lignocellulose particles and a binder. Preferably, the lignocellulose particles and / or the binder in the two, three or more layers are the same or different, and even more preferably, the lignocellulose particles are different and the binders are different.

[0085] In a preferred process of the present invention, the preparation of a single-layer lignocellulose composite or a multi-layer lignocellulose composite comprises the following steps: - providing or preparing a mixture of one, two or more than two, at least comprising lignocellulose particles and a binder according to the present invention; - scattering this mixture / these mixtures to obtain one, two or more than two layers forming a mat; - in a first compression step during step S2, pre-compressing this single-layer or multi-layer mat to obtain a pre-compressed mat, and then, - in a second compression step during step S3, compressing the pre-compressed mat while applying heat and pressure.

[0086] The present invention also preferably relates to a binder composition for use in a process according to the present invention for producing a lignocellulose composite as defined above, or preferably a binder composition for a process according to the present invention as described herein (or preferably each binder composition of the present invention as described herein).

[0087] Generally, all aspects of the present invention discussed herein in the context of a process according to the present invention for producing a lignocellulose composite are applicable with the necessary modifications to the binder composition of the present invention and its use, and vice versa.

[0088] Accordingly, the present invention further relates to a binder composition or mixture for producing a lignocellulose composite, comprising at least as components, c1) one or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, preferably comprising one or more polylysines (preferably as defined herein or preferably as defined herein); c2) A binder composition or mixture comprising one or more polyaldehyde compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds having two or more aldehyde groups and compounds having tautomers having two or more aldehyde groups (preferably as defined herein or as defined as preferred herein).

[0089] Generally, all aspects of the invention discussed herein in the context of the process according to the invention for producing lignocellulose composites and / or in the context of the binder composition of the invention are applied with the necessary modifications for the use of the binder composition of the invention, and vice versa.

[0090] The invention further relates to lignocellulose composites obtainable or obtained according to the process according to the invention described herein (or preferably according to the process of the invention described herein), and to (or to construction products comprising such lignocellulose composites). Preferably, the lignocellulose composite is - High - density fiberboard (HDF), - Medium - density fiberboard (MDF), - Low - density fiberboard (LDF), - Xylary fiber insulation board, - Oriented strand board (OSB), - Chipboard, and - A lignocellulose board selected from the group consisting of natural fiber boards having fibers from the group consisting of preferably sisal, jute, flax, coconut, kenaf, hemp, banana and mixtures thereof. Preferably, the lignocellulose board is - A single - layer lignocellulose board, or - A multi - layer lignocellulose board, Preferably, it is a multi - layer lignocellulose board having a core and upper and lower surface layers.

[0091] Generally, all aspects of the invention discussed herein in the context of the process according to the invention for generating lignocellulose composites and / or the binder composition according to the invention and / or the use of the binder composition according to the invention are applied with the necessary modifications to the lignocellulose composites of the invention, and vice versa.

[0092] As used herein, the term "construction product" refers to a product used in a construction, such as a product used in a floorboard, door, window, floor, panel, furniture or furniture part. The construction products of the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of furniture and furniture parts.

[0093] As used herein, the term "furniture" refers to all kinds of furniture. In the context of the present invention, the furniture is preferably selected from the group consisting of chairs, tables, desks, closets, beds and shelves.

[0094] As used herein, the term "building element" refers to a lignocellulose composite product (such as a board, see above) that constitutes a part (element) of a construction product (such as a part of furniture). Such building elements are preferably part of furniture, and more preferably, such parts of furniture are selected from the group consisting of shelves, table plates, side plates or shelves or doors of cabinets, and side walls of beds.

[0095] The lignocellulose composites of the invention, specifically the boards, when they are particularly elements of the construction products of the invention, preferably contain lignocellulose particles selected from the group consisting of fibers, chips, strands, flakes, sawmill waste and shavings or mixtures thereof. These lignocellulosic particles preferably originate from any type of lignocellulosic biomass, such as oak, beech, birch, pine, spruce, larch, eucalyptus, chinaberry, poplar, paulownia, fir, tropical trees, sisal, jute, flax, coconut, kenaf, hemp, banana, straw, cotton pattern, bamboo, etc. or mixtures thereof.

[0096] The lignocellulose composite of the present invention that can be obtained or is obtained according to the process of the present invention, preferably a board, is preferably a single-layer lignocellulose board or a multi-layer lignocellulose board, more preferably a single-layer lignocellulose board. The multi-layer lignocellulose board of the present invention is a board comprising at least two distinguishable (individual) layers. The multi-layer lignocellulose board preferably has at least a core layer as well as an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer. In that case, the total number of layers is three or more. If the number of layers is four or more, there is one or more intermediate layers. A three-layer board having one core layer, an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer is preferred. This is particularly relevant when the lignocellulose composite of the present invention, preferably a board, is an element of a building product of the present invention.

[0097] Particularly preferred is the single-layer lignocellulose board of the present invention that is a medium density fiberboard (MDF) or a chipboard, and even more preferably a medium density fiberboard (MDF), and corresponding building products comprising such single-layer lignocellulose boards.

[0098] The present invention also relates to the use of the lignocellulose composite according to the present invention described herein (or each lignocellulose composite described herein as preferred) as a building element in a building product selected from products used in a building selected preferably from the group consisting of floorboards, doors, windows, floors, panels, furniture and furniture parts.

[0099] Generally, all aspects of the present invention discussed herein in the context of the process according to the present invention for generating a lignocellulose composite and / or the binder composition of the present invention and / or the use of the binder composition of the present invention and / or the lignocellulose composite of the present invention are applied with the necessary modifications for the use of the lignocellulose composite of the present invention, and vice versa.

[0100] Next, the present invention also relates to a kit for producing a binder composition for use in the production of lignocellulose composites, comprising at least, as spatially separated individual components, k1) one or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, preferably comprising one or more polylysines (preferably as defined herein or as defined as preferred herein), and k2) one or more polyaldehyde compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds having preferably two or more aldehyde groups and compounds having tautomers having two or more aldehyde groups (preferably as defined herein or as defined as preferred herein), relates to a kit.

[0101] Next, the present invention further relates to the use of the binder composition according to the present invention (or preferably the use of each binder composition according to the present invention described herein) in a process for producing a lignocellulose composite. Thus, the present invention comprises at least, as components, c1) one or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, preferably comprising one or more polylysines (preferably as defined herein or as defined as preferred herein), and c2) one or more polyaldehyde compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds having preferably two or more aldehyde groups and compounds having tautomers having two or more aldehyde groups (preferably as defined herein or as defined as preferred herein); relates to the use of a binder composition comprising in a process for producing a lignocellulose composite, preferably in a process for producing a lignocellulose composite according to the present invention described herein (or preferably in the process of the present invention described herein).

[0102] Generally, all aspects of the invention discussed herein in the context of the process according to the invention for generating lignocellulose composites and / or the binder composition of the invention and / or the use of the binder composition of the invention and / or the lignocellulose composites of the invention and / or the use of the lignocellulose composites of the invention are applicable with the necessary modifications to the kits of the invention, and vice versa.

[0103] Examples: The following examples are intended to further illustrate and exemplify the invention without limiting the scope of the invention.

[0104] A. Materials Used Glucose monohydrate (>99%), Sigma Aldrich, Spain Fructose (>99%), Sigma Aldrich, USA Hexamethylenediamine (HMDA, >99%), Acros Organic L-Lysine (98%), Sigma Aldrich, Switzerland L-Lysine solution (50% in water), ADM animal nutrition, USA Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose salt (M w ~250,000), Sigma-Aldrich, USA 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), abcr GmbH, USA Douglas fir wood chips (manufactured by Institut fur Holztechnologie Dresden, Germany, Germany):

[0105] The spruce wood chips (the "chips") were produced by a disk chipper. Spruce trunk sections (250 mm in length) from Germany were pressed with their long sides against a rotating steel disk, into which knife boxes evenly distributed radially were inserted. Each of the knife boxes consists of a cutting knife arranged radially and several scoring knives positioned at right angles thereto. The cutting knife separates the chips from the round wood, and the scoring knives simultaneously limit the chip length. Thereafter, the produced chips are collected in a bunker and transported therefrom to a cross beater mill (with sieve inserts) for re-crushing with respect to the chip width. Thereafter, the re-crushed chips are conveyed to a flash dryer and dried at about 120 °C. Subsequently, the chips are screened into two useful fractions (B: ≤ 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm and > 0.32 mm × 0.5 mm; C: ≤ 4.0 mm × 4.0 mm and > 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm), a re-crushed coarse fraction (D: > 4.0 mm × 4.0 mm) and a fine fraction (A: ≤ 0.32 mm × 0.5 mm). A mixture of 60 wt% fraction B and 40 wt% fraction C is also used as chips for single-layer chipboards (the "core layer chips").

[0106] B. Measured Values and Measuring Methods : 1. Press Time Coefficient: The press time coefficient is the press time, which is the time from the closure to the opening of the press, divided by the target thickness of the board. The target thickness refers to the board at the end of the pressing step (process step S3), and is adjusted by the pressing conditions, i.e., the distance between the upper press plate and the lower press plate adjusted by inserting two steel spacing strips during pressing (when a hot press is used) or by automatic distance control (when an HF press is used). Press time coefficient [min / mm] = press time from the closure to the opening of the press [s]: target thickness of the press board [mm]. For example, when a 10 mm chipboard is produced with a press time of 140 s, a press time coefficient of 14 s / mm results.

[0107] 2.Density of the Board The density of the board is measured in accordance with EN 323:1993 and reported as the arithmetic mean of 10 samples of 50×50 mm from the same board.

[0108] 3. Transverse Tensile Strength of the Board (“Internal Bonding”) The transverse tensile strength of the board (“internal bond”) is determined in accordance with EN 319:1993 and reported as the arithmetic mean of 10 samples of 50×50 mm from the same board.

[0109] 4. Thickness Swelling The swelling of the board thickness after 24 hours (“24-hour swelling”) is determined in accordance with EN 317:1993 and reported as the arithmetic mean of 10 samples of 50×50 mm from the same board.

[0110] 5. Binder Content In the examples according to the invention, the binder amount is reported in % by weight as the total weight of the respective binder components amino acid polymer and polyaldehyde, based on the total dry weight of the wood particles (chips).

[0111] In the comparative examples, the binder amount is reported in % by weight (dry weight, which is the weight of any component not containing any water) as the total weight of all binder components, based on the total dry weight of the wood particles (chips).

[0112] 6. Determination of the Content of Primary and Secondary Amino Group Nitrogen NC ps : The primary and secondary amino group nitrogen content is measured by potentiometric titration in accordance with EN ISO 9702:1998. NC ps means the weight of nitrogen of the primary and secondary amino groups per 100 g of amino acid polymer (given in % by weight).

[0113] 7. Weight-Average Molecular Weight M w Determination M wwas determined by size exclusion chromatography under the following conditions: · Solvent and eluent: 0.1% (w / w) trifluoroacetate, 0.1 M NaCl in distilled water · Flow rate: 0.8 ml / min · Injection volume: 100 μl · The sample was filtered through a Sartorius Minisart RC25 (0.2 μm) filter · Column material: hydroxylated polymethacrylate (TSKgel G3000PWXL) · Column size: inner diameter 7.8 mm, length 30 cm · Column temperature: 35 °C · Detector: DRI Agilent 1100 UV GAT-LCD503 [232 nm] · Calibration was performed using poly(2-vinylpyridine) standards (manufactured by Polymer Standard Service GmbH, Mainz, Germany) in the molar mass range of 620 - 2890000 g / mol and pyridine (79 g / mol) · The integration upper limit was set to 29.01 mL · M w The calculation of includes lysine oligomers and polymers as well as monomeric lysine

[0114] The residual lysine monomer content of the polylysine solution was determined by HPLC / MS analysis under the following conditions: · Injection volume: 10 μl · Eluent A: water + 0.02% formic acid · Eluent B: water · Gradient

[0115]

Table 1

[0116] · Switch from eluent A to eluent B after 15 minutes · Flow rate: 0.8 ml / min · Column HPLC: Primesep C, 250×3.2 mm, 5 μm ·Column temperature: 30 °C ·Calibration with a solution of L-lysine in water ·Mass spectrometer: Bruker Maxis (q-TOF) ·MS conditions: -Ionization mode: ESI, negative -Capillary: 3500 V -Nebulizer: 1.4 bar -Drying gas: 8 l / min -Temperature: 200 °C -Analytical ion: 145.0983 [M-H] - ±0.005 amu.

[0117] The residual lysine monomer content in the polylysine is given as weight % monomer based on the total weight of the polylysine containing the lysine monomer. For example, a 50 wt% solution of polylysine-5 with a lysine monomer content of 2.0 wt% (see Table 1 below) contains 1 wt% lysine monomer and 49 wt% lysine polymer containing at least two condensed lysine units.

[0118] 8. Determination of the Ratio of ε-Bonds to α-Bonds in Polylysine (“Ratio ε / α”): This ratio ε / α is for each polylysine 1 determined by the integration of the signals of -CH-NH2 and -CH-NH (α-bond) as well as -CH2-NH2 and -CH2-NH (ε-bond) in the 1H-NMR spectrum. The NMR signals are assigned by 1 1H, 15 N-HMBC (heteronuclear multiple bond correlation) experiments.

[0119] C. Preparation Examples : Preparation of Samples of Different Polylysines A 2200 g L-lysine solution (50% in water, ADM) was heated with stirring in an oil bath (external temperature 140 °C). Water was distilled off, and the temperature of the oil bath was increased at 10 °C / h until a temperature of 180 °C was reached. The reaction mixture was stirred at 180 °C (oil bath temperature) for an additional 1 h, and then the pressure was slowly reduced to 200 mbar. After the target pressure was reached, distillation was continued for a further time t (shown in Table 1 below). The hot product was poured out of the reaction vessel, cooled, pulverized, and dissolved in water to obtain a 50 wt% solution. According to this procedure, polylysine samples "Polylysine 1" to "Polylysine 6" were produced. The reaction conditions applied in each case and the measured specific parameters of the different polylysines are shown in Table 1 below.

[0120] In these examples, the lysine monomer contributed a certain amount of amino groups to the binder.

[0121] Without any further purification, the residual lysine monomer content, NC ps and M w were each determined from this solution. The residual lysine monomer is included in the calculation of M w

[0122]

Table 2

[0123] Comparative Binder Composition - 1 161 g of glucose monohydrate, 146 g of fructose and 161 g of L-lysine were mixed with 35 g of water and heated slowly (oil bath temperature 110 °C). At 94 °C the mixture foamed and turned black. The reaction was stopped. The resulting reaction mixture contained solids and did not dissolve completely in water.

[0124] Comparative Binder Composition - 2 286 g of glucose monohydrate, 260 g of fructose and 286 g of L-lysine were mixed with 174 g of water and heated slowly (oil bath temperature of 100 °C). The mixture foamed at 90 °C and turned dark brown. The oil bath was removed for 10 minutes. The reactants were heated again to 100 °C for 10 minutes until gas formation ceased. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was filled into bottles and stored at 60 °C for 48 hours.

[0125] Comparative Binder Composition - 3 235 g of hexamethylenediamine was dissolved in 730 g of water. 791 g of fructose and 853 g of glucose monohydrate were added slowly and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.

[0126] Comparative Binder Composition - 4 22.5 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose salt (NaCMC, M w ~250,000) was dissolved in 600 g of water. 67.5 g of hexamethylenediamine and 360 g of glucose monohydrate were added slowly and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0127] Example 1 (According to the Present Invention) Note: The term "resinized chip" is generally used herein for a mixture of chips and binder composition and further added water.

[0128] In a mixer, a mixture of 499 g of polylysine-2 solution (50 wt% in water), 149 g of HMF solution (50 wt% HMF in water) and 100 g of water was sprayed while mixing into 5.55 kg (5.40 kg dry weight + 150 g water (from residual particle moisture content)) of douglas fir core layer chips (moisture content 2.8%). After addition of the mixture, mixing was continued for 3 minutes. Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder composition of this example, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single-layer chipboard are shown in Table 2 below.

[0129] Comparative Example 2* Comparative binder composition - 1 was heterogeneous. Spraying the comparative binder composition - 1 onto the chips was impossible. Attempts to mix the comparative binder composition - 1 with the chips by pouring the binder composition onto the chips and stirring also failed to obtain a uniform mixture. Nevertheless, the heterogeneous mixture was used for pressing. Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder composition of this example, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single - layer chipboard are shown in Table 2 below.

[0130] Comparative Example 3* In a mixer, a mixture of 404 g of comparative binder composition - 2 and 244 g of water was sprayed while mixing with 5.55 kg (5.40 kg dry weight + 150 g of water from the residual particle moisture content) of Douglas - fir core layer chips (moisture content 2.8%). 100 g of water was sprayed into the mixture while mixing to adjust the final moisture of the resin - formed chips. After adding the water, mixing was continued for 3 minutes. Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder composition of this example, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single - layer chipboard are shown in Table 2 below.

[0131] Comparative Example 4* In a mixer, a mixture of 469 g of comparative binder composition - 3 and 179 g of water was sprayed while mixing with 5.55 kg (5.40 kg dry weight + 150 g of water from the residual particle moisture content) of Douglas - fir core layer chips (moisture content 2.8%). 100 g of water was sprayed into the mixture while mixing to adjust the final moisture of the resin - formed chips. After adding the water, mixing was continued for 3 minutes. Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder composition of this example, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single - layer chipboard are shown in Table 2 below.

[0132] Comparative Example 5* In a mixer, 816 g of Comparative Binder Composition - 4 was sprayed while mixing with 5.51 kg (5.40 kg dry weight + 105 g of water from residual particle moisture content) of Douglas fir core layer chips (moisture content 1.9%). Subsequently, mixing was continued for 3 minutes. Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder composition of this example, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single - layer chipboard are shown in Table 2 below.

[0133] Comparative Example 6* In a mixer, a mixture of 499 g of polylysine - 2 solution (50 wt% in water), 164 g of glucose monohydrate (corresponding to 149 g of glucose) and 285 g of water was sprayed while mixing with 5.51 kg (5.40 kg dry weight + 105 g of water from residual particle moisture content) of Douglas fir core layer chips (moisture content 1.9%). After adding the mixture, mixing was continued for 3 minutes. Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder composition of this example, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single - layer chipboard are shown in Table 2 below.

[0134] Pressing Resinified Chips onto Chipboards (Example 1 According to the Present Invention and Comparative Examples 2* - 6*) Immediately after resinification, 600 g of the chip / binder mixture was scattered into a 30×30 cm mold and pre - compressed under ambient conditions (0.4 N / mm 2 ). Subsequently, the pre - compressed chip mat thus obtained was removed from the mold and transferred to a hot press and pressed to a thickness of 10 mm to obtain a chipboard (temperature of the press plate 210°C, maximum pressure 4 N / mm 2 , pressing time 140 seconds). Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder composition of this example, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single - layer chipboard are shown in Table 2 below.

[0135]

Table 3

[0136] The above results indicate that the binder according to the present invention based on polylysine and polyaldehyde compounds gives boards with improved properties when compared to boards prepared by processes not according to the present invention, for example boards prepared using comparative binders based on amine and sugar compounds. Boards prepared by a process not according to the present invention but with a binder containing polylysine and a reducing sugar (here glucose, see Example 6 of Table 2 above) showed lower internal bond strength and higher 24-hour swelling values than boards prepared by the process according to the present invention (see Example 1 of Table 2 above).

[0137] The following Examples 7 - 11 (all according to the present invention) relate to the manufacture of single-layer chipboards using polylysine-2 and HMF, as well as different application methods. Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder compositions of Examples 7 - 11, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single-layer chipboards are shown in Table 3 below.

[0138] Example 7: Separate Application of the Binder Composition to Wood Chips In a mixer, 454 g of a polylysine-2 solution (50 wt% in water) was sprayed while mixing into 5.55 kg (5.40 kg dry weight) of douglas fir surface layer chips (moisture content 2.8%). Subsequently, 194 g of an HMF solution (50 wt% HMF in water) was sprayed while mixing into the mixture. Finally, 100 g of water was sprayed while mixing into the mixture to adjust the final moisture of the resinified chips.

[0139] Example 8: Separate Application of the Binder System to Wood Chips In a mixer, 194 g of an HMF solution (50 wt% HMF in water) was sprayed while mixing into 5.55 kg (5.40 kg dry weight) of douglas fir surface layer chips (moisture content 2.8%). Subsequently, 454 g of a polylysine-2 solution (50 wt% in water) was sprayed into the mixture. Finally, 100 g of water was sprayed while mixing into the mixture to adjust the final moisture of the resinified chips. After the addition of water, mixing was continued for 3 minutes.

[0140] Examples 9 - 11: Mixed Application of the Binder Composition to Wood Chips A 2.00 kg polylysine-2 solution (50 wt% in water) and 857 g of an HMF solution (50 wt% HMF in water) were mixed by stirring at 22 °C for 1 minute. In a mixer, 648 g of this mixture was sprayed onto 5.55 kg (dry weight 5.40 kg) of douglas fir core layer chips (moisture content 2.8%) while mixing, either immediately after mixing or after a waiting time (stored in a sealed box at 22 °C). Subsequently, 100 g of water was sprayed onto the mixture while mixing to adjust the final moisture content of the resinified chips. After the addition of water, mixing was continued for 3 minutes.

[0141] Examples 7 - 11: Pressing Resinified Chips onto Chipboards Immediately after resinification, 600 g of the chip / binder mixture was scattered into a 30×30 cm mold and pre-compressed under ambient conditions (0.4 N / mm 2 ). Subsequently, the pre-compressed chip mat thus obtained was removed from the mold and transferred to a hot press and pressed to a thickness of 10 mm to obtain a chip board (temperature of the press plate 210 °C, maximum pressure 4 N / mm 2 , pressing time 140 seconds).

[0142]

Table 4

[0143] The results in Table 3 above show that a mixture of an amino acid polymer (e.g., polylysine) and a polyaldehyde (e.g., HMF) can be used, or the two components can be applied separately to the chips, but the use of the mixture is preferred. The system further tolerates a long waiting time between the preparation of the mixture and its application to the chips.

[0144] Examples 12* - 18: Preparation of Resinified Chips In a mixer, 499 g of an L-lysine solution (50 wt% in water, Comparative Example 12*) or a polylysine solution (50 wt% in water, polylysine-1 to polylysine-6, Examples 13 to 18), 149 g of an HMF solution (50 wt% HMF in water) and 100 g of water were sprayed while mixing into 5.54 kg (5.40 kg dry weight) of spruce core layer chips (2.8% moisture). After addition of the mixture, mixing was continued for 3 minutes.

[0145] Examples 12* - 18: Pressing Resinified Chips onto Chipboards Immediately after resinification, 600 g of the chip / binder mixture was scattered in a 30 × 30 cm mold and pre-compressed under ambient conditions (0.4 N / mm 2 ). Subsequently, the pre-compressed chip mat thus obtained was removed from the mold, transferred to a hot press and pressed to a thickness of 10 mm to obtain a chipboard (temperature of the press plate 210 °C, maximum pressure 4 N / mm 2 , pressing time 140 s).

[0146] Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder compositions of Example 12 (for comparison) and Examples 13 to 18 (all according to the invention), as well as specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single-layer chipboards, is shown in Table 4 below.

[0147]

Table 5

[0148] The above results in Table 4 show that different weight average molecular weights of the amino acid polymer (polylysine) function well, while the amino acid (lysine) monomer does not. There is an optimal range of about 3000 g / mol for the weight average molecular weight of the amino acid polymer (polylysine).

[0149] The following Examples 19 - 21 (all according to the present invention) relate to the manufacture of single - layer chipboards having polylysine - 2 and different weights of HMF. Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder compositions of Examples 19 - 21, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single - layer chipboards are shown in Tables 5 and 6 below.

[0150] In a mixer, a mixture of the amount x1 of a polylysine - 2 solution (50 wt% in water), the amount y1 of an HMF solution (HMF at 50 wt% in water) and 100 g of water was sprayed while mixing into 5.55 kg (5.40 kg of dry weight) of douglas - fir core - layer chips (2.8% moisture). After addition of the mixture, mixing was continued for 3 minutes.

[0151] [Table 6]

[0152] Examples 19* - 21: Pressing Resinified Chips onto Chipboards Immediately after resinification, 600 g of the chip / binder mixture was scattered in a 30×30 cm mold and pre - compressed under ambient conditions (0.4 N / mm 2 ). Subsequently, the pre - compressed chip mat thus obtained was removed from the mold, transferred to a hot press and pressed to a thickness of 10 mm to obtain a chipboard (temperature of the press plate 210 °C, maximum pressure 4 N / mm 2 , press time 140 seconds).

[0153] [Table 7]

[0154] The above results in Table 6 show that the ratio of the amino - acid polymer (polylysine) to the polyaldehyde (HMF) can vary. A ratio of less than 70:30 is preferred, but preferably 50:50 or more.

[0155] The following Examples 22 - 27 (all according to the present invention) relate to the production of single - layer chipboards having polylysine - 2 and different weights of HMF (by pressing in a high - frequency press). Specific information regarding the components used to prepare the binder compositions of Examples 22 - 27, and specific information regarding the measured specific parameters of the obtained single - layer chipboards are shown in Tables 7 and 8 below.

[0156] In a mixer, a mixture of the amount x2 of polylysine - 2 solution (50 wt% in water), the amount y2 of HMF solution (HMF in 50 wt% water) and 100 g of water was sprayed while mixing into 5.55 kg (5.40 kg dry weight) of douglas - fir core - layer chips (2.8% moisture). After the addition of the mixture, mixing was continued for 3 minutes.

[0157] [Table 8]

[0158] Examples 22 - 27: Pressing Resinified Chips onto Chipboards by High-Frequency Pressing Immediately after resinification, 600 g of resinified chips were scattered into a 30×30 cm mold and pre - compressed under ambient conditions (0.4 N / mm 2 ). Subsequently, the pre - pressed chip mat thus obtained was removed from the mold. For temperature monitoring, a temperature sensor (GaAs chip) was introduced into the center of the pre - pressed chip mat. Then, non - woven separators were provided on the upper and lower sides of the pre - pressed chip mat. The pre - pressed chip mat was inserted into an HLOP 170 press manufactured by Hoefer Presstechnik GmbH, and a katsura plywood (6 mm thick) was placed between the non - woven separators on both sides of the mat and the press plates. Then, the pre - pressed chip mat was compressed to a thickness of 10 mm within 2 seconds by the press, and then heated by applying a high - frequency electric field (27.12 MHz, anode current 2.5 A) with the press kept closed. When the target temperature of 130°C was reached at the center of the pressed mat (reached 130°C after 75 ± 15 seconds), the press was released.

[0159]

Table 9

Claims

1. A method for producing a lignocellulose composite comprising one or more lignocellulose composite layers, comprising at least the following steps: S1) A step of providing or preparing a mixture, wherein the mixture is at least - Lignocellulose particles and - A binder composition comprising at least the following components: c1) One or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, each containing one or more polylysines, and c2) A binder composition comprising one or more polyaldehyde compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds having two or more aldehyde groups and compounds having tautomers having two or more aldehyde groups; Steps including, S2) A step of compressing the mixture from step S1) and receiving the compressed mixture, S3) Applying heat and / or optionally pressure to the compressed mixture from step S2) so that the binder in the binder composition hardens and a lignocellulose composite is obtained. Methods that include...

2. The one or more amino acid polymers of component c1) of the binder composition include one or more polylysines, The one or more polylysines described above Weight-average molecular weight M is -≧800 g / mol, preferably ≧1000 g / mol, more preferably ≧1150 g / mol, and even more preferably ≧1500 g / mol. ｗ Having; and / or Weight-average molecular weight M is -≤10000 g / mol, preferably ≤8000 g / mol, more preferably ≤5000 g / mol, and even more preferably ≤4000 g / mol. ｗ Having; and / or -800g / mol≦M ｗ ≤10000 g / mol, preferably 1000 g / mol ≤M ｗ ≤8000 g / mol, more preferably 1500 g / mol ≤M ｗ ≤5000 g / mol, more preferably 1800 g / mol ≤M ｗ Weight-average molecular weight M in the range of ≤4000 g / mol ｗ Having; and / or -The polymer structure incorporates at least 85% by weight, preferably at least 95% by weight, more preferably at least 99% by weight, and even more preferably 100% by weight of lysine monomer. The method according to claim 1.

3. One or more or all of the polyaldehyde compounds of component c2) of the binder composition are selected from the group consisting of oxidized starch, glyoxal, dialdehyde cellulose, propanediol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, furan-2,5-dicarboxyl, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-dicarboxyl (HMF), 3-hydroxy-2-oxopropanal, and mixtures thereof. Preferably, selected from the group consisting of glyoxal, furan-2,5-dicarbaldehyde, 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde, and mixtures thereof; More preferably, one or at least one of the more polyaldehyde compounds is 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-dicarbaldehyde. The method according to claim 1.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixture preferably further comprises one or more alpha-hydroxycarbonyl compounds selected from the group consisting of glycolaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, hydroxyacetone, arabinose, xylose, glucose, mannose, fructose, saccharose, and mixtures thereof.

5. - (i) The ratio of the total weight of the one or more amino acid polymers of component c1) of the binder composition to the total weight of the one or more polyaldehyde compounds of component c2) of the binder composition is in the range of 60:40 to 95:5, preferably 65:35 to 90:10, and more preferably 70:30 to 90:

10. and / or - (i) The molar ratio of the primary amino group provided by the one or more amino acid polymers of component c1) of the binder composition to (ii) the aldehyde group provided by the one or more polyaldehyde compounds of component c2) of the binder composition is in the range of 0.1 to 1.2, preferably 0.2 to 1.0, and more preferably 0.3 to 0.

8. The method according to claim 1.

6. The binder composition provided or prepared in step S1) further comprises a carrier liquid, preferably water. Preferably, - The one or more amino acid polymers, which are component c1), are present in the binder composition in a total amount of ≥20 to ≤50% by weight, preferably ≥25 to ≤45% by weight, and more preferably ≥25 to ≤40% by weight, relative to the total weight of components c1) to c2) and the carrier liquid; and / or - The one or more polyaldehyde compounds, which are component c2), are present in the binder composition in a total amount of ≥3 to ≤20% by weight, preferably ≥5 to ≤15% by weight, and more preferably ≥7 to ≤12% by weight, relative to the total weight of components c1) to c2) and the carrier liquid; and / or - The pH value of the binder composition is in the range of 10 to 14, preferably 11 to 14, more preferably 12 to 14. The method according to claim 1.

7. In the mixture provided or prepared in step S1) of the above method, The total amount of the one or more amino acid polymers in the binder composition which is component c1) and the one or more polyaldehyde compounds in the binder composition which is component c2) is The amount of the lignocellulose particles in the oven-dried state of the mixture is in the range of ≥3 to ≤8% by weight, preferably ≥3.5 to ≤7.5% by weight, and more preferably ≥4 to ≤6.5% by weight. The method according to claim 1.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mixture in step S1) is prepared by providing or preparing a binder composition comprising at least components c1) and c2), preferably water, in a first step S1-1), and by contacting the binder composition provided or prepared in step S1-1) with the lignocellulose particles, preferably by spraying the binder composition onto the lignocellulose particles, in a second step S1-2).

9. The lignocellulose composite, - High-density fiberboard (HDF); - Medium-density fiberboard (MDF); - Low-density fiberboard (LDF); - Wood fiber insulation board; - Oriented strand board (OSB); - Chipboard; and - Lignocellulose board selected from the group consisting of: - Preferably a natural fiber board having fibers from the group consisting of sisal, jute, flax, coconut, kenaf, hemp, banana and mixtures thereof; The lignocellulose board described above - Single-layer lignocellulose board, or - Multilayer lignocellulose board, Preferably, it is a multilayer lignocellulose board having a core layer, an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer. The method according to claim 1.

10. The method for producing the lignocellulose complex is as follows: - Step S1) prepares a layer of the mixture provided or prepared, preferably by scattering, and steps S2) compresses this layer, - A step of providing or preparing at least first and second individual mixtures to prepare a multilayer lignocellulose composite comprising one or more lignocellulose composite layers, and using the first and second individual mixtures to produce the first and second layers of the multilayer lignocellulose composite, wherein the first and second layers are preferably in contact with each other, and / or the first and second individual mixtures have the same composition or different compositions, - A step of preparing two or more layers to prepare a multilayer lignocellulose composite, preferably by scattering individual layers onto each other, wherein each layer comprises lignocellulose particles and a binder, and in the two or more layers, the lignocellulose particles and / or the binder are the same or different. - Step S2) involves compressing the mixture in one or more two stages, - Step S2) involves preheating the mixture during or after compression, - The step of heating in step S3) such that the temperature of the center of the formed lignocellulose composite is at least 80°C, preferably 80 to 180°C, preferably 90 to 150°C, more preferably 95 to 125°C, during step 3) or at the end of step S3), - Step S3) involves applying a pressure in the range of 0.1 to 10 MPa to the compressed mixture from step S2), The method according to claim 1, comprising one, two, three, more than three, or all of the above.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the heating in step S3) includes the step of applying a high-frequency electric field.

12. A binder composition or mixture for producing a lignocellulose composite, comprising at least the following components: c1) One or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, c2) comprising one or more polyaldehyde compounds, The binder composition is a binder composition or mixture as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7.

13. Preferably, the lignocellulose composite is - High-density fiberboard (HDF) - Medium-density fiberboard (MDF) - Low-density fiberboard (LDF) - Wood fiber insulation board - Oriented Strand Board (OSB) - Chipboard, and - Preferably a lignocellulose board selected from the group consisting of natural fiber boards having fibers from the group consisting of sisal, jute, flax, coconut, kenaf, hemp, banana and mixtures thereof. - Preferably, the lignocellulose board is - Single-layer lignocellulose board, or - Multilayer lignocellulose board, Preferably, a multilayer lignocellulose board having a core and having an upper surface layer and a lower surface layer, a lignocellulose composite that can be obtained or obtained according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 11, Or a constructed product containing such a lignocellulose complex.

14. The use of the lignocellulose composite according to claim 13 as a building element in a construction product, Preferably, the product is selected from products used in structures selected from the group consisting of floorboards, doors, windows, floors, panels, furniture, and furniture components.

15. A kit for producing a binder composition for use in the production of a lignocellulose complex, comprising at least the spatially separated individual components, k1) One or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, preferably an amino acid polymer as defined in claim 1 or 2, k2) One or more polyaldehyde compounds, comprising a polyaldehyde compound as defined in claim 1 or 3, A kit that includes this.

16. The use of a binder composition wherein the binder composition comprises at least one component. c1) One or more amino acid polymers having two or more primary amino groups, c2) One or more polyaldehyde compounds, The method for producing a lignocellulose composite includes, The binder composition is defined in any one of claims 1 to 7. use.