Fluid source management device

Abstract

The fluid source management device (100) includes a structure (101) for supporting one or more fluid sources (103), a plurality of sensors (102) for determining the fluid status of the fluid sources (103), at least one general container (108) for storing the fluid, tubing (104) connecting the fluid sources (103) to the general container (108), and a controller (105) for controlling the opening and closing of the tubing (104) based on the fluid status of the fluid sources (103).

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates generally to fluid source management systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to fluid source management systems that maintain and supply surgical fluids during surgical procedures. [Background technology]

[0002] In surgical procedures, including endoscopic orthopedic cases, clinicians must cut or remove bone and / or soft tissue. This can be accomplished using surgical instruments, such as a shaver with a rotating cutting surface, inserted into the surgical capsule. To allow for viewing of the surgical positioning and manipulation of the surgical instruments, a video camera is placed through a trocar inserted through an incision in the capsule. To maintain the necessary visual clarity, continuous fluid flow is required to remove debris and to expand the surgical capsule during these endoscopic procedures. Fluid flow is maintained by operating room (OR) staff monitoring the fluid level in an intravenous fluid bag (IV bag), which may be attached directly to the instrument via tubing or to a pump that similarly supplies fluid to the instrument and the capsule. This can be done by the clinician hanging the IV bag from a pole and attaching tubing or a fluid line to the pump. The IV bag can gravity-feed the fluid to the instrument or through an attached tube attached to the pump. When a pump is used, it pushes the fluid through the tubing, which then supplies the instrument and / or the capsule. During a lengthy surgical procedure, as many as 10 to 20 IV bags may be consumed. Therefore, staff may use a Y-connector to attach two IV bags to the pump to minimize the need to exchange empty IV bags for full ones during a surgical procedure. Occasionally, clinical staff distracted by other tasks will empty an IV bag. Modern orthopedic fluid pumps can sense a loss of fluid supply and alert staff with an audible and / or visual alarm. When this occurs, staff must stop all other tasks and quickly exchange some or all of the empty IV bags for full IV bags to maintain or resupply the pump. If adequate fluid flow is not maintained, the capsule may collapse onto instruments, causing surgical complications as debris is no longer removed by the action of fluid passing through the capsule. Therefore, there is a need for an easily replenished fluid supply, automatically reducing staff interaction and mitigating risk to the surgical capsule. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In one aspect, a fluid (e.g., liquid) management device (that can be used during a surgical procedure) is disclosed in which two or more fluid sources (also referred to herein as fluid containers), such as IV bags, are attached to a frame (also referred to herein as a support structure), and fluid flow from the bags to a surgical site can be controlled to ensure sufficient fluid is delivered to the surgical site during the surgical procedure. In some embodiments, each IV bag can be connected to a common fluid container via tubing. The tubing can include an inner lumen through which fluid from the IV bags can be transferred, e.g., by gravity, to the common fluid container (also referred to herein as a "common container" for brevity). The common container can have multiple output connections to which tubing is attached at one end and which, at the other end, passes through an orthopedic pump (commonly a peristaltic pump) that serves to continuously pump fluid through an instrument or inserted trocar into the surgical capsule.

[0004] In some embodiments, the device can selectively and independently regulate the flow rate, including starting and stopping, of fluid flow from each of the IV bags to a common fluid container, for example, by closing a portion of the lumen of the tubing to stop any fluid flow from the IV bag through the tubing to the common container, or by maintaining the lumen open to allow continuous delivery of fluid to the common container. As discussed in more detail below using examples, in some embodiments, the lumen of the tubing connected to an unused IV bag can be closed (throttled) to retain the fluid within the bag, while another IV bag delivers the required fluid to the surgical site.

[0005] The device can also selectively and independently release pressure on the outer surface of the tubing, thereby opening the inner lumen of the tubing and allowing fluid from the IV bag to flow to the general container. The placement device can include a central support and at least two arms. The placement device's arms can have a weight sensor or switch that continuously monitors the mass or weight of the IV bag suspended therefrom. When the weight sensor detects a weight below a minimum threshold (indicating a reduced fluid volume), the device selectively opens the lumen of the tubing attached to the IV bag with sufficient fluid, thereby allowing it to supply fluid to the general container while simultaneously closing the lumen of the tubing connected to the depleted IV bag. The tubing used in the device can have connections common to standard IV bags. The output connector from the general container can also mimic the connections common to standard IV bags. The use of a common connection (a common connection) allows standard orthopedic tubing and standard pumps (which have the same common connection) to be used with the device.

[0006] The device allows for automatic fluid flow replacement from a fluid supply bag containing a sufficient amount of fluid (e.g., a full fluid supply bag) for a bag that does not contain a sufficient amount of fluid (e.g., an empty bag), and continuous replenishment of fluid to the general container and, therefore, to the orthopedic pump. For example, once the fluid contained in an IV bag supplying fluid to the general container is fully depleted (e.g., the IV bag is emptied), the device can close the tubing to this bag without interfering with fluid flow from an IV bag also attached to the general container. Any empty bags can be replaced by staff at any time (if necessary). Automatic replenishment of fluid allows for the maintenance of a continuous fluid source for the orthopedic pump, thereby reducing the number of interventions required by staff for this task and further reducing the risk of inappropriate fluid flow during surgery, which could result in the collapse of the surgical capsule during surgery.

[0007] In some embodiments, to measure fluid supply at a source (e.g., a fluid container such as an IV bag), the device may employ a spring-loaded mechanical switch on a suspended structure that engages tubing when the volume in the IV bag falls below a certain fluid threshold. The volume in the IV bag may be measured by the weight of the fluid or by other methods as described below. By way of example, this fluid threshold may be approximately 50 ml of fluid, below which the amount of fluid in the bag is insufficient to sustain the required flow rate of fluid to the surgical site. When the volume of fluid in the IV bag falls below the fluid threshold, the device may engage a switch that signals an affector or other mechanical device to close the inner lumen of the tubing attached to the empty IV bag. In doing so, the device may simultaneously signal a controller to release another affector, thereby allowing the lumen of the tubing connected to the IV bag with available fluid to open.

[0008] Alternatively, an electronic analog force meter can be used to signal that the fluid source has depleted below a threshold (eg, it is empty) or that there is fluid available from the fluid source.

[0009] Other methods of determining the fluid volume in the fluid source are optoelectronic eyes, capacitive switches and / or strain gauges, which can be used to signal that the fluid source has depleted below a threshold (e.g., it is empty) or that there is fluid available from the fluid source.

[0010] In some embodiments, fluid flow within a tube can be stopped by mechanically compressing the outer surface of the tube with an affector, thereby blocking the inner lumen of the tube and thereby constricting or stopping fluid flow. Because commonly used tubes can be constructed from elastic polymers, this can be achieved by any device, such as a solenoid, cam, linear actuator, or air cylinder, that mechanically applies pressure to the outer surface of the tube, temporarily constricting or blocking the lumen of the tube. The inner lumen of the tube can be opened by releasing the pressure on the outer surface of the tube, thereby allowing fluid to flow freely from the fluid source to a common container.

[0011] The device may have an indicator that indicates the fluid status of each IV bag. For example, such an indicator may provide a visual and / or audible signal, or other type of signal, that indicates the fluid status in each IV bag, such as whether the IV bag (or a different fluid source) is empty, completely full, or contains enough fluid to supply a general container. For example, such a fluid status of an IV bag may be displayed as full, adequate, or empty.

[0012] The general container may have a connection at one end that allows for attachment of a tubing set. The other end of such tubing may interface with an orthopedic (peristaltic) pump or other instrument and thus the surgical capsule. The general container may be a rigid structure with an internal volume (e.g., a fixed internal volume) that allows for sufficient fluid to be supplied to the orthopedic pump and / or instrument. The connections to and from the general container may be configured to conform to and fit standard tubing commonly used to connect fluid sources to pumps or instruments during orthopedic or other procedures. Alternatively, the general container may be in the form of a flexible chamber, e.g., constructed of a malleable material, and may mimic an IV bag in material and structure, e.g., with multiple inlets for connecting tubing to fluid sources and with connections to orthopedic pumps or instruments. The container, like the connecting fluid source tubing set, may be made of a sterilizable material.

[0013] Fluid source tubes may interact with the device through adapter bays integrated into the tube support structure that allow the tubes to engage the device. In some implementations of such embodiments, the device has two tube-receiving bays, although three or more tube-receiving bays may be used. Each tube-receiving bay may have one or more mechanical on / off affectors that interact with the device controller. These affectors may have two states, including a closed state in which the affectors close the tube lumens and an open state in which the affectors do not interact with the tube lumens, thereby allowing them to open. An adapter block may be sized to enclose the tube and tightly mate with the receiving bay. The adapter block may have mating features that allow it to be locked into the tube-receiving bay. The adapter block positions the tube in the tube-receiving bay so that it can mate with one or more affectors in the receiving bay. The adapter block may have at least one window that allows one or more affectors to directly interact with the outer surface of the tube. If an adapter block is not installed in the tube-receiving bay, the device can signal to the controller that the bay is unavailable. While this embodiment uses an affector to mechanically close the tube, other embodiments may use blunt (non-pointed) fingers that press against opposing blocks or blunt knobs that close together.

[0014] The suspended structure communicates the status of the fluid source (empty, full, or adequate) with the controller via interconnecting wiring, which may be located within an internal passageway within the structure. The controller may have a rechargeable power source, such as a lithium battery, and may include a receptacle for a cord to attach to an external power source for charging the battery. It may also include a power cord and / or cord receptacle for the external power source to power the device. The cord may be attachable to a 100V, 110V, or 240V or other power outlet common in operating rooms. The controller communicates with the tube-receiving bays via interconnecting wiring and can determine which affectors in the bays are open and which affectors in the tube-receiving bays are closed.

[0015] In some embodiments, the affectors located within the tube-receiving bay may correspond to linear actuators housed in the support structure. The linear actuators may be connected to a power source within the controller via interconnecting wiring located within passages within the tube support structure and central column. The adapter block may include an attachment that detachably connects the adapter block to an interface in the tube-receiving bay. The adapter block may have at least one opening sized to enclose a portion of the tube and allow one or more affectors in the tube-receiving bay to press against the outer surface of the tube and block its lumen. When one or more affectors in the tube-receiving bay are in a closed state, the one or more affectors press against the outer surface of the tube, thereby blocking its lumen and preventing any fluid flow therethrough. When an affector in the tube-receiving bay is in an open state, it releases any pressure on the outer surface of the tube, thereby opening the lumen and allowing fluid flow through the tubing set. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 2] 10A-10C illustrate another aspect of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 3A] 10A-10C illustrate aspects of a tube support structure of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 3B] 10A-10C illustrate aspects of a tube support structure of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 4A] 1A-1C illustrate aspects of a receiving bay of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 4B] 1A-1C illustrate aspects of a receiving bay of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 4C] 1A-1C illustrate aspects of a receiving bay of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 5A] 10A-10C illustrate aspects of a tube support structure of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 5B]10A-10C illustrate aspects of a tube support structure of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 5C] 10A-10C illustrate aspects of a tube support structure of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 6A] FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 6B] FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 6C] FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 6D] FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 7A] FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 7B] FIG. 10 illustrates another embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 8A] 1 illustrates a flexible container aspect of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 8B] 1 illustrates a flexible container aspect of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 8C] 1 illustrates a flexible container aspect of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 9A] FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 9B] FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 10A] 1A-1C illustrate manifold aspects of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 10B] 1A-1C illustrate manifold aspects of an embodiment of a fluid source management device. [Figure 11A] 10A-10C illustrate aspects of decision logic used in embodiments of a fluid source management device. [Figure 11B] 10A-10C illustrate aspects of decision logic used in embodiments of a fluid source management device. [Figure 11C] 10A-10C illustrate aspects of decision logic used in embodiments of a fluid source management device. [Figure 12A]1 illustrates one embodiment of a tube support structure and adapter block. [Figure 12B] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a tube support structure and adapter block. [Figure 12C] 1 illustrates one embodiment of a tube support structure and adapter block. [Figure 13A] 10A-10C illustrate another embodiment of the tube support structure and adapter block. [Figure 13B] 10A-10C illustrate another embodiment of the tube support structure and adapter block. [Figure 13C] 10A-10C illustrate another embodiment of the tube support structure and adapter block. [Figure 13D] 10A-10C illustrate another embodiment of the tube support structure and adapter block. [Figure 14A] 13A-13D show the picker and linear actuator of the embodiment shown in FIG. [Figure 14B] 13A-13D show the picker and linear actuator of the embodiment shown in FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] For clarity, the following discussion details various aspects of several embodiments of the present disclosure, while omitting certain details where it is convenient or appropriate to do so. For example, discussion of similar or equivalent features to other embodiments may be somewhat abbreviated. Well-known concepts may also not be discussed in particular detail for the sake of brevity. Those skilled in the art will recognize that some embodiments of the present disclosure do not require the details specifically described, described herein solely to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. Similarly, it will be apparent that the described embodiments may be subject to common sense modifications and variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The following detailed description of the embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the applicant's teachings in any way.

[0018] As used herein, the terms "about," "substantially," and "substantially equal" refer to variations in quantity and / or complete state or condition that may occur, for example, through real-world measurement or handling methods; through inadvertent errors in these methods; or through differences in the manufacture, source, or purity of a composition or reagent. Generally, the terms "about" and "substantially" as used herein mean 10% greater or less than the stated value or range or complete state or condition. For example, a value of about 10 or a value substantially equal to 10 may refer to a range of 9 to 11. The terms also refer to variations that are recognized as equal / equivalent by those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as such variations do not encompass known values ​​practiced by the prior art.

[0019] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items and may be abbreviated as " / ".

[0020] FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of a fluid source management device 100 that includes a fluid source 103 that supplies fluid to a container 108. The fluid source 103 may contain any type of fluid, including, but not limited to, saline, 5% dextrose in water, and lactated Ringer's solution, and may be in the form of any type of container capable of containing a fluid, such as an IV bag formed from an elastomeric polymer. Other fluid containers in the device may include those formed or constructed from metal, glass, or plastic. The fluid source management device 100 also includes tubing 104 that connects the fluid source 103 to the fluid container 108. In FIG. 1, the tubing 104 is not connected to the fluid source 103, but is connected to the fluid source 103 during normal operation. In this embodiment, the device has two fluid sources 103, but in other embodiments, it may have three or more fluid sources. The structure 101 has arms 101A and 101B to which a fluid source 103 can be coupled (e.g., the fluid source 103 can be hung from the arms 101A / 101B using any device, such as a hanger, ring, or hook). A plurality of sensors 102 are used to sense the amount of fluid remaining in the fluid source 103. The sensors 102 can be any device capable of sensing the amount of fluid in the fluid source 103, such as, but not limited to, a spring-loaded mechanical switch that senses the weight of the fluid source 103, an electronic analog force meter, a photoelectric sensor, or a strain gauge. The sensors 102 communicate with the controller 105 via internal wiring (not shown). The fluid source 103 can include an output connector 103A. The controller 105 communicates with the tube-receiving bay 111A via communication wiring (not shown) that can be installed within an internal passage (not shown) in the central column 106 and also through an internal passage in the tube support structure 111.

[0021] The controller 105 may have a rechargeable power source (not shown), such as a lithium battery. It may also have a connection that allows for the use of external power by plugging a power cord into a 110V or 240V power outlet common in operating rooms. The controller 105 may be any type of microprocessor, such as, but not limited to, a discrete controller, a two-position controller, a programmable logic controller, or a controller with embedded software. The central support 106 is attached to a container housing 107, which is supported by a stabilizer 107A. The container housing 107 houses a container 108, which may be any type of container, such as a flexible general-purpose container 108. A plurality of input connectors 104B connect to a plurality of output connectors 108A that connect to the device tubing 104 and to pump tubing 109 that passes through and interacts with pump 110, which may be a peristaltic pump (not part of the device). Output tubing 110i (not part of the device) is part of tubing 109 that conducts fluid through pump 110 to surgical site 110Q (not shown). While one reservoir is shown, two or more reservoirs may be used. Tubing 104 may include a connector 104A that is enclosed in an adapter block 113 (see FIG. 4) and can fit into output connector 103A of fluid source 103. This embodiment includes a visual indicator 120 that shows the overall status of the fluid sources in device 100. For example, multiple lights may be used to indicate the status of the fluid in fluid source 103, as described below with respect to FIGS. 5A and 5C.

[0022] FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of a fluid source management device 100 having device tubing 104 connected to multiple fluid sources 103. In this embodiment, the device has two fluid sources 103, but in other embodiments, it may have three or more fluid sources. A structure 101 has arms 101A and 101B, whereby the fluid sources 103 can be suspended from a hanger having a sensor 102B coupled between the arms. The hanger having the sensor 102B can include a spring-loaded mechanical switch. In other embodiments, the hanger having the sensor 102B can include an electronic analog force meter or strain gauge to sense the weight of the fluid source 103. The hanger sensor 102B is in communication with a controller 105 via interconnection wiring (not shown). The fluid source 103 has an output connector 103A. The controller 105 is in communication with a tube-receiving bay 111A by interconnection wiring (not shown) extending down the central column 106 and through the tube support structure 111. The central post 106 is attached to a vessel housing 107 which is supported by a stabilizer 107A.

[0023] A flexible general container 108 has multiple input connectors 104B that connect to device tubing 104 and multiple output connectors 108A that connect to pump tubing 109 that passes through and interacts with pump 110, which is typically a peristaltic pump. Output tubing 110i interacts with the portion of pump tubing 109 that exits pump 110 and provides a pathway for flow to a surgical site (not shown) or to an instrument used in the procedure. In this embodiment, the general container has two input connectors 104B, although in other embodiments there may be three or more input connectors 104B. Tubing 104 is enclosed by an adapter block 113 (see FIG. 4A) and has a connector 104A (see FIG. 1) that can fit onto output connector 103A of fluid source 103. The adapter block 113 fits into the tube receiving bay 111A of the tube support structure 111 (see FIG. 1) and holds the device tube 104 in the proper position (see FIGS. 3 and 4) to allow the device to open and close the lumen of the tube 104. The visual indicator 120 may include a light that shows the overall status of the fluid source in the device (see FIGS. 5A and 5C).

[0024] 3A-3B illustrate one aspect of the embodiment of the fluid source management device 100 from FIGS. 1 and 2. A tube support structure 111 is attached to a central column 106 (see FIG. 6). Communication wiring 111E from the controller 105 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) passes through the interior of the central column 106 and extends to a linear actuator 111D attached to an affector 111B mounted in a tube receiving bay 111A. Holes 111Q allow the exit and entry of the affector 111B to interact with the outer surface of the tube 104 (not shown), thereby opening and closing fluid flow through the tube 104. The tube receiving bay 111A has a platform 111G and a receiving slot 111F formed therein that allows for loose and removable attachment of an adapter block 113 (not shown; see FIGS. 1, 2, and 4).

[0025] If the volume of any of the fluid sources 103 (see FIG. 2) falls below a certain fluid threshold, the controller 105 (see FIG. 1) can generate a signal to cause the affector 111B corresponding to the depleted fluid source 103 to close fluid flow through the tubing 103 connected to that fluid source 103. For example, after or simultaneously with the closure of the tubing 103, the controller 105 (see FIG. 1) can generate a signal to release another affector 111B, thereby opening the opening of the affector 111B corresponding to the other fluid source 103, thereby providing fluid from the other fluid source 103 to the general container 108 while simultaneously closing the tubing of the depleted or nearly empty fluid source. This fluid threshold can be approximately 50 ml of fluid for a fluid source, although other thresholds can also be used.

[0026] 4A-4C illustrate another aspect of one embodiment of the fluid source management device 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2. A plan view of one embodiment of an adapter block 113 having a side 113A is shown in FIG. 4A. The adapter block 113 is sized to fit loosely and removably into the tube receiving bay 111A of FIG. 3B. A plug 118 has a platform 118A and a plurality of wings 118B, both of which fit loosely into receiving slot 111F and onto platform 111G (neither of which are shown in FIG. 3). A device tube 104 having a lumen 104C is enclosed by the adapter block 113. FIG. 4B shows cross section BB of FIG. 4A of the adapter block 113. The adapter block 113 has an opening 116 formed in side 113A of the adapter block. In an unactuated state, the Fig. 3A affector 111B can be retracted (at least partially) into the adapter block, thereby allowing normal fluid flow through the tube. The opening 116 is sized to allow the Fig. 3A affector 111B to exit, and once the Fig. 3A affector 111B is actuated, the Fig. 3A affector 111B can interact with the outer surface of the tube 104, for example, by applying inward pressure to the outer surface of the tube, thereby compressing or occluding the tube lumen and, consequently, compressing or occluding fluid flow through the lumen.

[0027] Figure 4C shows cross section CC of Figure 4A. An opening 116 is formed in side 113A of adapter block 113. Plug 118 has a platform 118A and a plurality of wings 118B, both features that fit loosely into receiving slot 111F and fit loosely onto platform 111G (see Figure 3). Enclosed by adapter block 113, device tube 104 having lumen 104C passes through a hole formed in and through adapter block 113.

[0028] FIG. 5A illustrates aspects of one embodiment of a fluid source management device 100 with the device tubing 104 disconnected and not shown (see FIGS. 1 and 2). In this embodiment, the device has two fluid sources 103, but in other embodiments, it may have three or more fluid sources 103. The fluid source management device 100 has arms 101A and 101B from which the fluid sources 103 may be suspended from hangers carrying sensors 102. The hangers carrying sensors 102 may include spring-loaded mechanical switches. In other embodiments, the hangers carrying sensors 102 may include electronic analog force meters, photoelectric sensors, or strain gauges to sense the weight of the fluid sources 103. The sensors 102 are in communication with the controller 105 via interconnect 111E, which passes through internal passages within arms 101A and 101B and, therefore, through internal passages within the central column 106 and through the controller processor 105A.

[0029] Fluid source 103 has output connector 103A. Controller processor 105A is located within controller 105 and communicates with tube receiving bay 111A through interconnect 111E located within an internal passageway (not shown) in central column 106 and within tube support structure 111. Controller processor 105A may include a rechargeable power source (not shown), such as a lithium battery. It may also include a connection for use with an external power source (not shown) by plugging a power cord into a 110V or 240V power outlet common in operating rooms. Linear actuator 111D, located within tube support structure 111, is attached to affector 111B, located within tube support structure 111, and communicates with controller processor 105A through interconnect 111E located within the internal passageway of tube support structure 111.

[0030] FIG. 5B shows a detail of the circled portion of FIG. 5A. Tube support structure 111 has tube receiving bay 111A formed therein. Interconnect wiring 111E is located within an internal passage (not shown) of tube support structure 111. Interconnect wiring 111E connects linear actuator 111D to controller processor 105A. Linear actuator 111D is attached to affector 111B, which is nested inside tube support structure 111. Hole 111Q allows for the exit of affector 111B into tube receiving bay 111A via operation of linear actuator 111D. Tube receiving bay 111A has receiving slot 111F formed therealong to allow for loose, removable connection of adapter block 113 (FIGS. 1, 2, and 4).

[0031] FIG. 5C shows one embodiment of the visual indicator 120 of the device 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2. The visual indicator 120 may include a light that indicates the overall status of the fluid sources of the device (see FIGS. 5A and 5C) and is connected via interconnect 111E to the controller processor 105A and the hanger containing the sensors 102. In one embodiment of the visual indicator 120, light 120A may illuminate green when all fluid sources are full, light 120B may illuminate yellow when one or more fluid sources are full, while light 120C may illuminate red when none of the fluid sources are full or available. Other types of visual indicators, such as, but not limited to, audible alarms, analog or digital numeric displays, may be used to indicate the fluid status of the fluid sources (103).

[0032] FIGS. 6A-6D illustrate aspects of another embodiment of the fluid source management device 100 of FIGS. 1, 2, and 5. In this embodiment, a flexible container 126 has a connector manifold 126A formed on or attached to the upper surface of the container 126. Details of an exemplary connector manifold 126A are shown in FIG. 6A. A plurality of protrusions 130 are formed on one side of the connector manifold 126A. This embodiment of the connector manifold 126A has two protrusions 130, although in other embodiments, there may be three or more. An opening 132 is formed in the side of the protrusion 130. A plug 131 and platform 131A formed on the protrusion 130 fit loosely into a slot formed in a receiving bay 111A (see FIGS. 7A and 7B) of a tube support structure 111 (not shown; see FIGS. 7 and 7B). A receiver nozzle 128 is formed on the upper outer surface of the protrusion 130. The receiver nozzle 128 is shown with a common male adapter formed on its end so that it can fit a common female adapter formed on the end of common tubing 125. Any type of manifold may be used, such as a Qosina 4-Gang Stopcock Manifold (Part Number 17552).

[0033] In other embodiments, the adapter formed on the end of the receiver nozzle 128 can be a female adapter that fits around a common male adapter formed on or attached to the end of the common tube 125. Section 6C-6C (see FIGS. 6A and 6C) shows a cross-section of the connector manifold 126A. In this cross-section, an opening 132 is formed in the side of a protrusion 130 that connects an affector 111B (see FIGS. 7A and 7B) of the receiving bay 111A (see FIGS. 7A and 7B) to an inner tube 134. The inner tube 134 is attached to the bottom of the end of the receiver nozzle 128 and extends through the passage 130, out the bottom of the protrusion 130, and into the flexible container 126A. FIG. 6D (section 6D-6D in FIG. 6C) shows a plan view of the underside of the connector manifold 126A. A plug 131 having a platform 131A is formed on the proximal side of the protrusion 130. The inner tube 134 projects downwardly from the bottom surface 130A of the projection 130 to the upper section of the flexible container 126A. The projection 130 has a plug 131 with a platform 131A formed thereon, which allows it to be securely and removably attached to the tube-receiving bay 111A (see Figures 7A and 7B).

[0034] 7A and 7B show details of another embodiment of the fluid source management device 100. In this embodiment, a structure 101 has arms 101A and 101B by which a fluid source 103 can be suspended from a hanger having a sensor 102 therebetween. In this embodiment, two fluid sources are shown, but in other embodiments, there may be three or more fluid sources. The sensor 102 can include a spring-loaded mechanical switch. In other embodiments, the sensor 102 can include an electronic analog force meter or strain gauge to sense the weight of the fluid source 103. In this embodiment, the sensor 102 communicates with the controller 105 via internal wiring (not shown). The fluid source 103 has an output connector 103A to which a common tube 125 can be attached.

[0035] The controller 105 communicates with the tube receiving bay 111A via interconnecting wiring (not shown), which may be located within an internal passageway (not shown) within the central column 106 and / or within an internal passageway (not shown) within the tube support structure 111. The controller 105 may have a rechargeable power source (not shown), such as a lithium battery. It may also have a connection to allow for the use of an external power source by plugging the power cord into a 110V or 240V power outlet common in operating rooms. The visual indicator 120, which may include a light that indicates the overall status of the device's fluid sources (see FIGS. 5A and 5C), communicates with the controller 105 via interconnecting wiring (see FIGS. 5A and 5C) to the hanger containing the sensor 102.

[0036] The central column 106 is attached to a tube support structure 111 having tube-receiving bays 111A. In this embodiment, the device 100 has two tube-receiving bays 111A, although in other embodiments it may have three or more such bays. A connector manifold 126A is attached to or formed on the upper surface of a flexible container 126. The flexible container 126 has a tube outlet connector 126B that can interface with a pump (not shown) via tubing.

[0037] A shelf 111X is formed on the bottom of the tube support structure 111 and is designed to hold the flexible container 126 in place when the device 100 is in use. The protrusion 130 may be designed to fit loosely into the tube receiving bay 111A. In this embodiment, two such bays are shown, but there may be three or more. The protrusion 130 of the manifold connector 126A has a receiver nozzle 128 formed on its upper surface. In this embodiment, the receiver nozzle 128 is a male adapter sized to fit into the female connector of the tube 125, but in other embodiments, it may be formed with a female adapter that allows it to be attached to a generic tube 125.

[0038] FIG. 7A shows details of an embodiment of several aspects of a tube support structure 111, including shelves 111X designed to hold flexible containers 126 (see FIG. 7A). A tube receiving bay 111A has an affector 111B within the tube support structure 111 (see FIGS. 5A and 5B). The tube receiving bay 111A has a platform 111G with a receiving slot 111F formed therein to allow for loose, removable attachment of a protrusion 130 (see FIG. 5B) of a connector manifold 126A (not shown, see FIG. 6A). A central post 106 is attached to the tube support structure 111. A communication wiring 111E located within the tube support structure 106 and an internal passage within the connector manifold 126A connects the tube support structure 126A to a controller 105 (see FIGS. 5A and 5B).

[0039] 8A-8B illustrate aspects of one embodiment of the flexible container 108 of the fluid source management device 100 of FIG. 1. In this embodiment, the flexible container 108 has input connectors 104B formed on its side that allow the typical tubing 104 of FIG. 5 to be attached thereto. In this embodiment, there are two input connectors, although there may be three or more input connectors.

[0040] By way of example, the flexible container 108 may be formed of a non-reactive, blood-compatible material commonly used in IV bags, including flexible plastic or vinyl materials, including those made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polypropylene. The volume of the flexible container 108 may range from about 0.25 liters to about 4 liters. In some embodiments, a structure 136, such as a hollow sphere, which may be made of an inert material such as plastic, may be located within the flexible container 108, as shown in FIG. 8B. The structure 136 may be formed into any three-dimensional shape or polygon.

[0041] The hollow sphere has a radius 136R (FIG. 8C) equal to half of the distance 136Q. Distance 136T is measured from the inside bottom surface of the flexible container 108 and is equal to one-half of 136Q. The hollow sphere 136 prevents the flexible container 108 from collapsing onto it.

[0042] In another embodiment, shown in FIG. 8C, a foam block 140 is placed within the flexible container 108. The foam block is constructed from a thin film of polyurethane encapsulating a network of open-cell foam, creating a reticulated bubble of open holes with a skeletal structure through which fluids can easily pass. In some embodiments, the foam block 140 may be formed from an open-cell foam formed from polyurethane or polyester or a combination thereof. The hole size in these embodiments may range from about 4 to about 100 holes per inch, and the foam block 140 may have a void volume of up to about 98% and a surface area of ​​up to about 2000 square feet per cubic foot.

[0043] 8C, the foam block 140 has a height 141F that is equal to about 90% of the height 141E of the flexible container 108. The width of the base of the foam block 140 is approximately equal to the width 141D of the base of the flexible container 108. The width 141L of the top of the foam block 140 is equal to about 75% of the width 141D of the flexible container 108. The foam block 140 prevents the flexible container 108 from collapsing onto it.

[0044] FIG. 9A shows another embodiment of a fluid source management device 100 including a fluid source 103 that supplies fluid to a manifold 125. The fluid source 103 can provide any type of fluid, including, but not limited to, saline, 5% dextrose in water, and lactated Ringer's solution. The fluid source management device 100 also includes a tube 104 connecting the fluid source 103 to the manifold 125. In this embodiment, one manifold is shown, but in other embodiments, there may be two or more manifolds. In FIG. 9A, the tube 104 connects the fluid source 103 to the manifold 125. In this embodiment, the device has four fluid sources 103, but in other embodiments, it may have two or more fluid sources. The structure 101 includes arms 101A and 101B, by which the fluid sources 103 can be hung using any device, such as a hanger or hook. Multiple sensors 102 are used to sense the amount of fluid remaining in the fluid source 103. The sensor 102 may be any device capable of sensing the amount of fluid in the fluid source 103, such as, but not limited to, a spring-loaded mechanical switch that senses the weight of the fluid source 103, an electronic analog force meter, a photoelectric sensor, or a strain gauge. The sensor 102 communicates with the controller 105 via internal wiring (not shown). The fluid source 103 may include an output connector 103A. The controller 105 communicates with the tube-receiving bay 111A by interconnecting wiring (not shown) that may be routed within an internal passage (not shown) in the central column 106 and also through an internal passage in the tube support structure 111.

[0045] The central support 106 is attached to the manifold 125 and also to a support base 127. The controller 105 may have a rechargeable power source (not shown), such as a lithium battery. It may also have a connection that allows for the use of an external power source by plugging a power cord into a 110V or 240V power outlet common in operating rooms. The controller 105 may be any type of microprocessor, including, but not limited to, a discrete controller, a two-position controller, a programmable logic controller, or a controller with embedded software. The manifold 125 has four inlets 126 in this embodiment, although in other embodiments it may have two or more inlets 126. The inlets 126 have connectors to which tubing 104 can be attached, allowing fluid to flow from the fluid source 103 through the tubing 104 to the manifold 125.

[0046] FIG. 9B illustrates several aspects of a manifold 125 including an inlet 126 with a tube 104 attached thereto. This embodiment has four inlets 126, although other embodiments may have two or more inlets 126. In this illustration, the manifold 125 has one outlet 128, although other embodiments may have two or more outlets 128. The distal end of the outlet tube 109 connects to the outlet 128 of the manifold 125. The proximal end (not shown) of the outlet tube 109 interfaces with and passes through the pump 110 (not shown). In this embodiment, the manifold 125 is rectangular, but in other embodiments, it may be square, round, oval, or any other suitable geometric shape. The manifold 125 may be formed of a suitable waterproof material, including metal, rubber, plastic, or a combination of these materials.

[0047] 10A and 10B show an embodiment of FIG. 9A, including sections 10A-10A (see FIG. 9B) and 10B-10B (see FIG. 9B), respectively, which provide a cross-sectional view of this embodiment of manifold 125. Section 10A-10A of FIG. 10A shows flow chamber 130 extending the length of the interior of manifold 125. Manifold 125 includes inlets 126 having connectors 126A that can connect tubing 104 to manifold 125. The interior of inlets 126 merge into flow chamber 130 as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. While this embodiment includes four inlets 126, other embodiments may include two or more inlets 126.

[0048] Section 10B-10B in Figure 10B provides another cross-sectional view of manifold 125. Inlet 126 has connector 126A that allows tubing 104 (not shown) to be connected thereto. The interior of inlet 126 opens into flow chamber 130. Outlet 128 has connector 128A attached thereto that allows the distal end of outlet tube 109 to be connected to outlet 128. The proximal end of outlet tube 109 connects to pump 110 (not shown). Outlet 128 opens into flow chamber 130 of manifold 125. Fluid flow from a fluid source (not shown) through tubing (not shown) flows in the direction of arrow PA into inlet 126 and then into flow chamber 130 of manifold 125. Fluid entering flow chamber 130 through inlet 126 then flows into outlet 128 having connector 128A to outlet tube 109 attached in the direction of arrow PB, and from there to pump 110 (not shown).

[0049] 11A-11D provide some details of the logic that may be used in at least one embodiment of a fluid source management device, including determining when and how tubing connected to a fluid source is closed or remains open, and in what sequence and when certain indicators may be activated (including "No Source Present," "Empty Connector Bay," and "Device Waiting"). In FIG. 11A, all possible fluid sources are referred to as "channels." As shown in FIG. 11A, during device startup, all channels are set to a closed state (step 100). After device startup, the logic senses whether a program has started (i.e., whether the start button has been pressed) (step 101). If the start button has not been pressed, the device indicates that the program is waiting (step 102). If the start button has been pressed, the program checks whether any of the available fluid sources (e.g., IV bags) have been sensed in any of the channels (step 103). If no fluid source is sensed, the device indicates that no bag is present (step 104). This may be done by illuminating an LED light or sounding an alarm, buzzer, etc. If at least one fluid source is sensed, the fluid capacity of the available fluid sources is measured by weight and ranked in ascending order (step 105). Further, in step 105, channels are closed for all lanes that do not sense a fluid source; if a fluid source has recently been depleted, the channel for that fluid source may remain open for a short period of time (e.g., 30 seconds) before being closed. The next step in the logic shown in FIG. 11A is to check whether a channel is drawing fluid (i.e., whether the affector controlling fluid flow from the fluid source is open) (step 106). If the channel is not drawing fluid, the fluid source with the highest rank (i.e., the least amount of fluid) is set to draw fluid, and the channel is opened (step 107). If the channel is drawing fluid, the channel continues to draw fluid from the fluid source (step 108). After step 108, it is determined whether the channel designated as drawing fluid still senses a bag (step 109).If the channel designated as drawing fluid still senses a bag (i.e., "yes" at step 109), the logic returns to step 108 and the channel continues to draw fluid from the fluid source. If the channel designated as drawing fluid does not sense a bag (i.e., "no" at step 109), the logic transitions to step 103 (i.e., the program checks whether any fluid source (e.g., IV bag) has been sensed at any of the channels).

[0050] 11B and 11C show some details of the logic that may be used during start-up in at least one embodiment of a fluid source management device. The first step is to perform initialization. As shown in FIG. 11C, during initialization, visual indicator lights are turned on, tubing is closed, and the weights of the fluid sources (e.g., IV bags) are checked to determine if they are within normal ranges.

[0051] After initialization, a check bag present subroutine is executed. In this subroutine, the amount of fluid in the fluid sources (e.g., IV bags) can be checked, for example, using sensors 102 as shown in Figures 11B and 11C. By way of example, the values ​​from sensors 102 can be used to set the fluid level (fluid volume) value in each of the fluid sources to high, low, or empty. As shown in Figure 11C, the variable Channel_Weight(Bag) for each bag can be set to "2" for "high," "1" for "low," or "0" for "empty."

[0052] As shown in FIG. 11B, each fluid source is associated with a respective "Lane 1," "Lane 2," "Lane 3," and "Lane 4." A lane is defined as a path or conduit for fluid flow through a device, including any sensors present therein, or that interact with or cause fluid flow. A channel is a passageway for fluid placement. For example, a "high" value may be used when the amount of fluid in the fluid source is greater than about 80% of the source's maximum volume; a "low" value may be used when the amount of fluid in the fluid source is less than about 20% of the source's maximum volume; and an "empty" value may be used when the amount of fluid in the fluid source is less than about 5% of the source's maximum volume. Various other thresholds may be used for "high," "low," and "empty." Indicator lights may then be set to indicate the fluid levels in the fluid sensors. A "high" indicator signal indicates that all fluid sources are full. A "low" indicator signal indicates that at least one fluid source is empty and at least one fluid source contains at least 5% of its maximum volume, whereas an "empty" indicator signal indicates that the fluid levels in all fluid sources are less than 5% of their maximum volume.

[0053] As shown in Figures 11B and 11C, a check for a tube presence subroutine can be performed to detect the presence of a tube sensor associated with each of the fluid sources. As shown in Figure 11C, this subroutine can be set to "true" when a tube sensor is present and set to "false" when a tube sensor is not present. An indicator light can then be set to indicate the status of the tube sensor. Once the sensor determines the fluid volume level, it communicates to the controller, which then selects the appropriate indicator signal for the fluid level in the fluid source.

[0054] 11B, each lane that satisfies the tube sensor check and has a bag value greater than empty is set to "in use" and the associated channel is set to "open." The "cleanup setting" is the logic used to determine if and when to close lanes for empty fluid sources (containing less than 5% of the maximum volume of fluid) and when empty is a source containing less than 5% of the maximum volume while the fluid value is high (all fluid sources contain less than 100% of the maximum volume of fluid) or low (fluid source contains more than 5% of the maximum volume but less than the maximum fluid volume).

[0055] The bottom of Figure 11B shows the procedure for the clean-up step.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 11C, after performing the check of the Tube Present subroutine, if the bag for the respective channel is not empty (i.e., Channel_Weight>0) and the channel has a tube sensor (i.e., Channel_Tube=True), the channel may be designated as "Available", otherwise it may be designated as "Not Available". If Channel_Available is true, then the LED indicator light may be set to "High". If Channel_Available is false, then the LED indicator light may be set to "Low". The first channel with Channel_Available becoming true may be opened to deliver fluid. The channel status for this channel is set to "On" (i.e., "Channel_Status"="On"). When a channel has Channel_Status="On" and Channel_Weight="1" (i.e., "Low" level), the next available channel may be searched for. When a channel has Channel_Status="On" and Channel_Weight="0" (i.e., "Empty" level), Channel_Status is changed to "Off".

[0057] 12A-12C illustrate several aspects of an embodiment of a fluid source management device 100. FIG. 12A provides a perspective view of a tube support structure 111, including a central column 106 connected to and extending therethrough. Both the central column 106 and the tube support structure 111 have internal passages (not shown) through which interconnecting wires 111E extend. Interconnecting wires 111E extend through internal passages (not shown) within the central column 106 in the direction indicated by arrow B to connect to a device controller (not shown). One of the interconnecting wires 111E further extends through an internal passage (not shown) in the tube support structure 111 and connects to a linear actuator 111D. The tube support structure 111 has a tube receiving bay 111A. In this embodiment, the tube receiving bay has columns 111X flanking the tube receiving bay 111A. In this embodiment, post 111X is in a fully extended position, protruding from an opening (not shown) in the side of receiving bay 111A. Post 111X is attached to a linear actuator 111D that can pull post 111X in the direction indicated by arrow Z to a fully retracted position, so that post 111X does not protrude from the opening (not shown) into tube receiving bay 111A. Linear actuator 111D can further move post 111X in the direction indicated by arrow X to a fully extended position, so that post 111X extends to its maximum length outside a hole (not shown) in the side of tube receiving bay 111A. Receiving bay 111A has a receiving slot 111F formed in its distal side that is configured to receive plug 118 (see FIGS. 12B and 12C). The plug 118 includes a platform 118A (see FIGS. 12B-C) and wings 118B (see FIGS. 12B and 12C) of the adapter block 113 (see FIGS. 12B-C).

[0058] FIG. 12B shows one embodiment of an adapter block 113. The adapter block 113 has a through-hole (not shown) through which the tube 104 passes through and out of the adapter block 113. An opening 116 is disposed on the side of the adapter block 113 through which a post 111X can pass, thereby providing access to the tube 104. The post 111X is attached to a linear actuator 111D (see FIG. 12A). The adapter block 113 has a wall 140 formed therein that bisects the interior of the adapter block 113. The wall 140 includes a semicircular portion 140A formed in the center of the wall 140 and further bisects the adapter block 113 in the direction of arrow WW. The semicircular portion 140A of the wall 140 can be shaped so that the tube 104 can fit loosely within the semicircular portion. A post 111X attached to a linear actuator 111D (not shown, see FIG. 12A) in receiving bay 111A (see FIG. 12A) can be fully extended against (contacting) the tube 106 fitted into semicircle 114, thereby compressing and fully occluding the inner lumen of tube 104. The linear actuator can also be partially extended, pressing post 111X against tube 106 to partially occlude the inner lumen of tube 104.

[0059] FIG. 12C provides one embodiment of the adapter block 113 of FIG. 12B (indicated by line VV). The adapter block 113 has a plug 118 with a platform 118A and wings 118B formed therein that is shaped to fit into the receiving slot 111F (see FIG. 12A) of the receiving bay 111A of the tube support structure 111. The adapter block 113 has a wall 140 formed therein that divides the interior of the adapter block 113. A semicircle 140A is formed in the center of the wall 140 so that the tube 104 can fit loosely therein. The post 111X can fully extend against (contact) the tube 106 that fits loosely against the semicircle 114, thereby compressing and completely occluding the inner lumen (not shown) of the tube 104. Linear actuator 111D can also be partially extended relative to post 111X, thereby pressing against tube 104 and partially blocking the inner lumen of tube 104.

[0060] 13A-D show multiple plan views of one embodiment of a tube receiving support structure 111 of a fluid source management device. FIG. 13A is a plan view of the embodiment of the tube support structure 111. In this view, adapter blocks 113A and 113B are shown fitted into tube receiving bay 111A of the tube support structure 111. Adapter blocks 113A and 113B have openings (not shown) formed in their left and right sides, respectively, sized to allow scissor arms 161A and 161B of picker 161 of adapter block 113 to fit into and exit the interior of adapter block 113. Through-holes (not shown) are formed in adapter blocks 113A and 113B to allow tube 104 to pass into and through the adapter blocks. Scissors 161 have inner and outer arms 161B and 161A and are attached to linear actuators 111D and 111Z. In this view, picker 161, with inner and outer scissor arms 161B and 161A, is shown in a fully extended position. In this fully extended position, outer scissor arm 161A and inner scissor arm 161B extend just beyond the distal edge of tube 104. When scissor arms 161A and 161B are in the fully extended position, scissor pad 161X (see FIG. 14A) is flush with the outside of tube 104.

[0061] Figure 13B shows a top view of an embodiment of a tube receiving support structure 111 with a receiving bay 111A. A picker 161 having an inner scissor arm 161B and an outer scissor arm 161A is attached to a linear actuator 111D that provides actuation movement in the directions indicated by arrows L1 and L2. The linear actuator 111D can fully extend the picker 161 out of a hole (not shown) in the side of the receiving bay 111A. The picker 161 having the inner arm 161B and the outer arm 161A is shown in a fully extended position in Figure 13B. The picker 161 is also attached to a linear actuator 111Z.

[0062] FIG. 13C provides a top view of an embodiment of a tube receiving support structure 111 with a receiving bay 111A. A picker 161 having an inner arm 161B and an outer arm 161A is attached to linear actuators 111D and 111Z. In this view, picker 161 is shown in a fully extended position extending outward from a hole (not shown) in the side of receiving bay 111A. Linear actuator 111Z provides linear movement of inner scissor arm 161B and outer scissor arm 161A in directions L3 (towards each other) and L4 (away from each other). In this view, inner scissor arm 161B and outer scissor arm 161A are in a fully closed position due to movement of linear actuator 111Z in the direction of arrow L3.

[0063] Figure 13D provides a top view of an embodiment of a tube support structure 111 having a receiving bay 111A. A picker 161 having an inner arm 161B and an outer arm 161A is attached to linear actuators 111D and 111Z. Linear actuator 111D provides movement in the direction indicated by arrow L1. In this view, picker 161 is shown in a fully retracted position inside tube support structure 111. Linear actuator 111Z provides linear movement of inner scissor arm 161B and outer scissor arm 161A in directions L3 (towards each other) and L4 (away from each other). In this view, inner scissor arm 161B and outer scissor arm 161A are in the fully open position also shown in Figure 13A.

[0064] FIGS. 14A-B provide plan views and details of the picker 161 and linear actuator 111Z of FIGS. 13A-D. FIG. 14A provides a view of the picker 161 having an inner scissor arm 161B and an outer scissor arm 161A. The scissor arms 161A and 161B have pads 161X formed on their ends. The scissor arms 161A and 161B are attached to a linear actuator 111Z. The linear actuator 111Z provides linear movement for the scissor arms 161A and 161B in the directions indicated by arrows L3 and L4. In this view, the scissor arms 161A and 161B are in a fully open position, with the pads 161X aligned with the outer edge of the tube 104 having the inner lumen 104A. FIG. 14B provides a plan view of the picker 161 having the scissor arms 161A and 161B attached to the linear actuator 111Z. Linear actuator 111Z provides linear movement for scissor arms 161A and 161B in the directions indicated by arrows L3 and L4. In this illustration, linear actuator 111Z provides maximum movement for scissor arms 161A and 161B in the direction of arrow L3, which places picker 161 in a closed position and allows pad 161X to compress tube 104, thereby blocking inner lumen 104A.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

[0066] The above description refers to the accompanying drawings. The same or similar reference numbers are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or similar parts. Furthermore, similarly named elements may perform similar functions and be similarly designed, unless otherwise specified. Details have been described to provide an understanding of the example embodiments. Embodiments, such as other embodiments, may be practiced without some of these details. In other instances, well-known techniques, procedures, and components have not been described in detail to avoid obscuring the described embodiments.

[0067] The description of the foregoing embodiments has been presented for purposes of example and illustration only. It is not exhaustive and does not limit the embodiments to the precise form disclosed. While several exemplary embodiments and features have been described, modifications, adaptations, and other implementations are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments. Accordingly, unless clearly stated otherwise, the description should not be construed as relating to one or more embodiments and as limiting the embodiments as a whole. This is true whether the disclosure describes a feature as relating to "a," "the," "one," "one or more," "several," or "various" embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" can encompass the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Furthermore, the term "combined" does not exclude the presence of intermediate elements between the combined items. Also, a statement that a feature may be present indicates that the feature may be present in one or more embodiments.

[0068] In this disclosure, the terms "include," "comprise," "contain," and "have," when used after a set or apparatus, imply an open inclusion and do not exclude the addition of other, unlisted members to the set or apparatus. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated or inferred from the context, the conjunction "or," when used, means inclusive and / or, rather than exclusive. Furthermore, when these terms are used, a subset of a set may include one or more than one (including all) members of the set.

[0069] Furthermore, as used in this disclosure, unless stated or inferred otherwise, a first variable is an increasing function of a second variable if the first variable does not decrease, but rather generally increases, when the second variable increases. Conversely, a first variable is a decreasing function of a second variable if the first variable does not increase, but rather generally decreases, when the second variable increases. In some embodiments, a first variable may be an increasing or decreasing function of a second variable if the first variable is directly or inversely proportional to the second variable, respectively.

[0070] The disclosed devices, systems, methods, and apparatus are not limited to any particular aspect or feature or combination thereof, and the disclosed devices, systems, methods, and apparatus do not require that any particular advantage or problems be present or solved. While any theory of operation is provided for ease of explanation, the disclosed devices, systems, methods, and apparatus are not limited to such theory of operation.

[0071] Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practicing the embodiments. For example, the described steps need not be performed in the same sequence or with the same degree of separation as discussed. Likewise, various steps may be omitted, repeated, combined, or performed in parallel as necessary to achieve the same or similar purpose. Likewise, the described apparatus need not necessarily include all components described in the embodiments, and may include other components not described in the embodiments. Accordingly, the embodiments are not limited to the details described above, but rather are defined by the appended claims in light of their full scope of equivalents. Moreover, the present disclosure is directed to all novel and non-obvious features and aspects of the various disclosed embodiments, alone and in various combinations and subcombinations with each other.

[0072] While the present disclosure has been particularly described in conjunction with specific embodiments, many alternatives, modifications, and variations will become apparent in light of the foregoing description. It is therefore intended that the appended claims encompass any such alternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the true spirit and scope of the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0073] 100 Fluid source control device 101 Structure 102 Sensors 104 tube 105 Controller 108 General containers 111A Tube Receiving Bay 111B Affector 113 Adapter Block 120 Display

Claims

1. a structure supporting one or more fluid sources; a plurality of sensors for determining fluid conditions of said fluid source; at least one general container for storing a fluid; a tube connecting the fluid source to the general container; and a controller that controls the opening and closing of the tube based on the fluid state of the fluid source; A fluid source management device comprising:

2. The fluid source management system of claim 1 , wherein the structure includes a plurality of arms supporting the fluid source.

3. 10. The fluid source management device of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of affectors positioned between the fluid source and the common container to open and close the tubes, thereby allowing and preventing fluid flow through the tubes to the common container.

4. The fluid source management device of claim 3 , wherein the controller is configured to control the opening and closing of an affector that opens and closes the tube to maintain a volume of fluid in the at least one common container.

5. a plurality of adapter blocks enclosing the tubes; and a tube support structure having a plurality of tube receiving bays formed therein configured to removably receive the adapter block; 5. The fluid source management device of claim 4, wherein the affector is positioned on the tube support structure such that the affector can extend into a corresponding tube receiving bay and adapter block, thereby interacting with the tube to open and close the tube.

6. The fluid source management device of claim 1 further comprising an indicator for displaying a fluid status of the fluid source.

7. 4. The fluid source management device of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in an open state and the remaining affectors in a closed state.

8. 4. The fluid source management device of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in a first open state and the remaining affectors in a second closed state.

9. 4. The fluid source management device of claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in an open state and maintain the remaining affectors in either an open state or a closed state.

10. 10. The fluid source management apparatus of claim 1, wherein the general container includes a structure that prevents the general container from collapsing.

11. The fluid source management device of claim 10 , wherein the structure comprises a three-dimensional polygon.

12. The fluid source management device of claim 11 , wherein the structure is made of foam.

13. a structure supporting one or more fluid sources; a plurality of sensors for determining a fluid condition of the fluid source; and a controller for controlling the flow of fluid from the fluid source to ensure delivery of the fluid to the surgical site; A fluid management device comprising:

14. The fluid management device of claim 13 , wherein the controller controls the flow of fluid from the fluid source based on a fluid level in the fluid source.

15. a structure supporting one or more fluid sources; a plurality of sensors for determining fluid conditions of said fluid source; at least one general container for storing a fluid; a tube connecting said fluid source to said general container; a plurality of affectors that open and close, thereby allowing and preventing fluid flow through said tube, said affectors being positioned between said fluid source and said general container; a connector manifold configured to be attached to or formed within the at least one common container, the connector manifold forming a fluid connection between the tube and the at least one common container; and a controller that controls the opening and closing of the affector based on the fluid state of the fluid source; A fluid source management device comprising:

16. further comprising a tube support structure having at least two tube receiving bays formed therein; The fluid source management device of claim 15 , wherein the connector manifold includes at least two protrusions configured to removably fit into corresponding ones of the at least two tube-receiving bays.

17. 17. The fluid source management device of claim 16, wherein a plurality of openings are formed in the protrusions to allow movement of a corresponding one of the affectors therethrough, thereby opening and closing an inner tube formed in the protrusions.

18. 17. The fluid source management unit of claim 16, wherein the tube support structure includes a shelf formed at a bottom thereof configured to hold the general container.

19. 16. The fluid source management apparatus of claim 15, wherein the common container includes structure that prevents the common container from collapsing.

20. 20. The fluid source management unit of claim 19, wherein the structure comprises a three-dimensional polygon.

21. 21. The fluid source management device of claim 20, wherein the structure is made from foam.

22. 16. The fluid source management device of claim 15, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in an open state and the remaining affectors in a closed state.

23. 16. The fluid source management device of claim 15, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in a first open state and maintain the remaining affectors in a second closed state.

24. 16. The fluid source management device of claim 15, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in an open state and maintain the remaining affectors in either an open state or a closed state.

25. 1. A fluid source management device for supplying a fluid, comprising: a structure supporting one or more fluid sources; a plurality of sensors for determining fluid conditions of said fluid source; a tube connected to the fluid source; a manifold connected to said pipes for conveying said fluid from said fluid source through said pipes; a plurality of affectors disposed between the fluid source and the manifold for opening and closing the tubes, thereby allowing and preventing fluid flow through the tubes; and a controller that controls the opening and closing of the affector based on the fluid state of the fluid source; A fluid source management device comprising:

26. 26. The fluid source management system of claim 25, wherein the structure includes a plurality of arms supporting the fluid source.

27. 26. The fluid source management device of claim 25, wherein the controller is configured to control the opening of the affector to maintain a volume of fluid in the at least one manifold.

28. a plurality of adapter blocks enclosing the tubes; and a tube support structure configured to removably receive the adapter block and having a tube-receiving bay formed therein; 28. The fluid source management device of claim 27, wherein the affectors are positioned on the tube support structure such that the affectors can extend into corresponding tube receiving bays and adapter blocks, thereby interacting with the tubes to open and close the tubes.

29. 26. The fluid source management device of claim 25, further comprising an indicator for displaying a fluid status of the fluid source.

30. 26. The fluid source management device of claim 25, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in an open state and the remaining affectors in a closed state.

31. 26. The fluid source management device of claim 25, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in a first open state and maintain the remaining affectors in a second closed state.

32. 26. The fluid source management device of claim 25, wherein the controller is configured to maintain at least one affector in an open state and maintain the remaining affectors in either an open state or a closed state.

33. 26. The fluid source management unit of claim 25, wherein the manifold includes a plurality of inlets, at least one outlet, and a flow chamber formed in an interior portion of the manifold.

34. 34. The fluid source management device of claim 33, wherein the inlets include respective connectors that allow the tubes to be connected to the manifolds, and the outlets include respective connectors that allow the outlet tubes to be connected to the outlets.

35. the affector includes a post extending through an opening formed in the receiving bay; 6. The fluid source management device of claim 5, further comprising a plurality of linear actuators that move corresponding pillars between a retracted position in which the pillars do not protrude into the corresponding tube receiving bay and an extended position in which the pillars extend into the corresponding tube receiving bay to block the tube and prevent the fluid from passing through the tube.

36. the affector includes a plurality of scissor arms extending through the adapter block; the fluid source management device further includes a plurality of linear actuators for moving the scissor arms between a retracted position in which the scissor arms do not protrude into the corresponding tube receiving bay and an extended position in which the scissor arms extend beyond the distal edge of the tube into the corresponding tube receiving bay; 6. The fluid source management device of claim 5, wherein a linear actuator moves the scissor arms between an open position in which the scissor arms do not compress the tube and a closed position in which the scissor arms compress the tube to block the tube and prevent the fluid from passing through the tube.

37. 1. A fluid management device for use in an operating room, comprising: a structure configured to mechanically support a plurality of fluid containers therein; a common fluid receptacle fluidly connected to said fluid container via a plurality of fluid paths; one or more sensors operably coupled to the fluid container for monitoring the amount of fluid in the fluid container; one or more flow regulation mechanisms for regulating the flow of the fluid in the fluid pathway; and a controller configured to receive sensor data from the sensor and control the flow regulation mechanism in response to the sensor data to ensure the general container is capable of supplying the fluid necessary for the performance of a surgical procedure; A fluid management device comprising:

38. 38. The fluid management device of claim 37, further comprising a plurality of tubes providing the fluid path.

39. at least one of the flow regulation mechanisms includes two pressurizing elements disposed on opposite sides of one of the tubes; 39. A fluid management device according to claim 38, wherein the pressure element is operable to apply an inward pressure to the tube, thereby causing an inward deflection of the tube to adjust its inner diameter.

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