Wireless communication method, station, and access point

Abstract

A wireless communication method, a station, and an access point are provided. The method includes: a station determines a target backoff value based on a count value of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) backoff (OBO) counter, a target coefficient, and a first number of resource units (RUs). The first number of RUs is the number of RUs allocated to the station by the access point. The station contends for a random access RU (RA-RU) according to the OBO mechanism based on the target backoff value.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] TECHNICAL FIELD Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and in particular to a wireless communication method, a station, and an access point. [Background technology]

[0002] In the related art, a station (STA) can transmit an uplink physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) to an access point (AP) by contending for a random access resource unit (RA-RU) according to an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based random access (UORA) mechanism.

[0003] In a scenario where stations are densely distributed, the probability that the stations can successfully contend for RA-RU and successfully transmit uplink PPDUs to the access point is low. In this case, how to enable the stations to perform random access and increase the probability of successful access is an issue that needs to be resolved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In the present application, a wireless communication method, a station, and an access point are provided, which are advantageous in increasing the probability that a station will succeed in random access.

[0005] In a first aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, the method including: a station determines a target backoff value based on a count value of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) backoff (OBO) counter, a target coefficient, and a first number of resource units (RUs), the first number of RUs being the number of RUs allocated to the station by an access point; the station contends for a random access RU (RA-RU) according to an OBO mechanism based on the target backoff value.

[0006] In a second aspect, a wireless communication method is provided, the method including: an access point transmitting a first message to a station, the first message being used to identify a target factor, the target factor being used to identify a target back-off value for competing for a random access-resource unit (RA-RU) according to an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) back-off (OBO) mechanism;

[0007] In a third aspect, there is provided a terminal device configured to perform the method of the first aspect or any of its embodiments, in particular the terminal device comprises functional units configured to perform the method of the first aspect or any of its embodiments.

[0008] In a fourth aspect, there is provided a network device configured to perform the method of the second aspect or any of its embodiments, specifically comprising functional units configured to perform the method of the second aspect or any of its embodiments.

[0009] In a fifth aspect, there is provided a terminal device, the terminal device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory configured to store a computer program, the processor configured to call and execute the computer program stored in the memory to perform the method of the first aspect or any embodiment thereof.

[0010] In a sixth aspect, there is provided a network device, the network device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory configured to store a computer program, the processor configured to access and execute the computer program stored in the memory to perform the method of the second aspect or any embodiment thereof.

[0011] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a chip configured to perform the method of the first or second aspect or an embodiment of the first or second aspect. Specifically, the chip includes a processor configured to call and execute a computer program stored in a memory to cause a device incorporating the chip to perform the method of the first or second aspect or an embodiment of the first or second aspect.

[0012] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium configured to store a computer program, the computer program being configured to cause a computer to perform the method of the first or second aspect or an embodiment of the first or second aspect.

[0013] In a ninth aspect, there is provided a computer program product, the computer program product comprising computer program instructions configured to cause a computer to perform the method of the first or second aspect, or an embodiment of the first or second aspect.

[0014] In a tenth aspect, there is provided a computer program which, when executed on a computer, is configured to cause the computer to carry out the method of the first or second aspect, or an embodiment of the first or second aspect.

[0015] The above technical solution allows a station to determine a target back-off value for competing for an RA-RU based on a target coefficient, i.e., the target coefficient can be used to control the station to compete for an RA-RU with an appropriate step size, thereby increasing or decreasing the probability of accessing the RA-RU according to the target coefficient, mitigating collisions between stations, and improving the success rate of random access. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a communication system architecture according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the format of a UORA parameter set element. [Figure 3] FIG. 3 is a simulation diagram showing the probability that STAs successfully contend for RUs and successfully complete uplink transmissions when the number of STAs is 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a wireless communication method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the format of a common information field according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the format of a user information field according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a random access procedure according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 8]FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating another common information field format according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 9] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating another user information field format according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a random access procedure according to another embodiment of the present application. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an execution flow of the OBO mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a simulation diagram illustrating a comparison between the STA success rate based on the UORA mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application and the STA success rate based on the existing UORA mechanism. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is a simulation diagram illustrating a comparison between the STA success rate based on the UORA mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application and the STA success rate based on the existing UORA mechanism. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a station according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating an access point according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a block diagram illustrating a chip according to an embodiment of the present application. [Figure 18] FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] Hereinafter, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), wireless fidelity (WiFi), or other communication systems.

[0019] Illustratively, a communication system 100 to which an embodiment of the present application is applied is shown in Fig. 1. The communication system 100 may include an access point (AP) 110 and a station (STA) 120 that accesses a network via the access point 110.

[0020] In some scenarios, an AP may be called an AP STA, that is, in a sense, an AP is also a kind of STA.

[0021] In some scenarios, the STA may be referred to as a non-AP STA.

[0022] The communication in the communication system 100 may be communication between an AP and a non-AP STA, communication between a non-AP STA and a non-AP STA, or communication between a STA and a peer STA. A peer STA may refer to a device that communicates with the STA on an equal footing. For example, a peer STA may be an AP or a non-AP STA.

[0023] An AP is equivalent to a bridge that connects a wired network with a wireless network. The main role of an AP is to connect various wireless network clients to each other and then connect the wireless network to the Ethernet. An AP can be a terminal device (such as a mobile phone) or a network device (such as a router) equipped with a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) chip.

[0024] However, the role of a STA in a communication system is not fixed. For example, in some scenarios, when a mobile phone connects to a router, the mobile phone is a non-AP STA. When a mobile phone is used as a hotspot for other mobile phones, the mobile phone functions as an AP.

[0025] The AP and non-AP STA may be devices applied to V2X (Vehicle to Everything), IoT nodes in IoT (Internet of Things), sensors, etc., smart cameras, smart remote controls, smart water meters, smart electricity meters, etc. in smart homes, sensors in smart cities, etc.

[0026] In some embodiments, the non-AP STAs may support the 802.11be standard, and may support multiple current and future 802.11 family WLAN standards, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.

[0027] In some embodiments, the AP may be a device that supports the 802.11be standard, or may be a device that supports multiple current and future 802.11 family WLAN standards, such as 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11n, 802.11g, 802.11b, and 802.11a.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present application, the STA may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer, a virtual reality (VR) device, an augmented reality (AR) device, a wireless device in industrial control, a set top box (STB), a wireless device in self driving, an in-vehicle communication device, a wireless device in remote medical, a wireless device in a smart grid, a wireless device in transportation safety, a wireless device in a smart city, or a wireless device in a smart home, a wireless communication chip, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-chip (SOC), etc. that supports WLAN or WiFi technology.

[0029] Frequency bands that may be supported by WLAN technology may include, but are not limited to, low frequency bands (eg, 2.4 GHz (Giga Hertz), 5 GHz, 6 GHz), and high frequency bands (eg, 60 GHz).

[0030] 1 exemplarily illustrates one AP STA and two non-AP STAs. Alternatively, the communication system 100 may include multiple AP STAs and other numbers of non-AP STAs. The embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0031] In the network / system of the embodiment of the present application, a device having a communication function may be referred to as a communication device. Taking the communication system 100 shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the communication device may include an access point 110 and a station 120 having a communication function. The access point 110 and the station 120 may be the specific devices described above, and will not be repeated in this specification. The communication device may further include other devices in the communication system 100, such as other network entities such as a network controller and a gateway. The embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0032] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are always used interchangeably herein. In this specification, the term "and / or" simply describes the relationship between related objects and indicates the existence of three types of relationships. For example, A and / or B indicates three situations: the presence of only A, the simultaneous presence of A and B, and the presence of only B. Also, in this specification, the symbol " / " generally indicates that the related objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0033] It should be understood that the "indicate" referred to in the embodiments of the present application may be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication that there is an associative relationship. For example, when A indicates B, it may mean that A directly indicates B (e.g., B can be obtained by A), or that A indirectly indicates B (e.g., A indicates C, and B can be obtained by C), or that there is an associative relationship between A and B.

[0034] In describing the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may mean that there is a direct or indirect corresponding relationship between the two, or that there is an association relationship between the two, or that there is a relationship such as a directing and a directed, or a setting and a set.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, "predefined" may be realized by pre-storing a corresponding code or a corresponding table in a device (including, for example, an access point and a station), or by other methods that can be used to indicate related information, and the present application does not limit the specific realization method. For example, "predefined" may mean being defined in a protocol.

[0036] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, relevant terms in the present application are explained below.

[0037] Regarding the association identifier (AID), the association identifier is used to identify a terminal that has established an association with an access point.

[0038] Regarding Medium Access Control (MAC), Medium Access Control is an abbreviation for Medium Access Control address.

[0039] Regarding a transmission opportunity (TXOP), a transmission opportunity refers to a period of time during which a terminal having the transmission opportunity can initiate one or more transmissions.

[0040] Regarding bursts, a burst generally refers to the transmission of one or more signals in a short period of time.

[0041] Burst Group: A burst group refers to a combination of one or more bursts. Bursts in the same burst group generally have some common characteristics.

[0042] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, an uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based random access (UORA) according to the present application will be described.

[0043] For example, a specific UORA process includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: The AP sends a UORA parameter set element to the STA.

[0045] For example, an AP may include a UORA parameter set element in a management frame transmitted by the AP. The management frame may be a beacon frame, a probe response frame, or a (re)association response frame. The AP may indicate the range of an OFDMA contention window (OCW) in the UORA parameter set element for STAs to initiate random access following a trigger frame. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the format of a UORA parameter set element.

[0046] The EOCWmin field indicates the minimum OCW used for the initial High Efficiency (HE) Trigger Based (TB) Physical Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) transmission using UORA. STAs can use the OCWmin parameter for initial transmission or transmission after one successful HE TB PPDU transmission. OCWmin can be derived based on the following formula: OCWmin = 2 EOCWmin -1 EOCWmin is the value of the EOCWmin field.

[0047] The EOCWmax field indicates the maximum OCW used for UORA. STAs can use the OCWmax parameter to attempt retransmission of UORA. OCWmax can be derived based on the following formula: OCWmax = 2 EOCWmax -1 EOCWmax is the value of the EOCWmax field.

[0048] Step 2: The STA receives the UORA parameter set element sent by the AP and initializes an OCW and OFDMA back-off (OBO) counter.

[0049] Specifically, a STA can maintain an internal OCW and an internal OBO counter, where OCW is an integer value between OCWmin and OCWmax, and OCWmin and OCWmax are defined by dot11OCWmin and dot11OCWmax. After receiving an updated UORA parameter set element carried in a beacon frame, probe response frame, or (re)association response frame transmitted by the AP associated with the non-AP HE STA, a non-AP HE STA should update dot11OCWmin and dot11OCWmax from the UORA parameter set element within a time interval equal to one beacon interval.

[0050] An unassociated non-AP STA should use the default OCW value if it does not receive a UORA parameter set element from the AP with which it intends to communicate.

[0051] Each time a non-AP HE STA associates with a different AP, before starting the initial attempt with the RA-RU, the non-AP STA must set the OCW value to the OCWmin value and initialize the non-AP STA's OBO counter within the range of 0 to OCW.

[0052] Step 3: The AP transmits a trigger frame.

[0053] When UORA transmission is performed, the AP transmits a trigger frame to multiple STAs to indicate the size of the RA-RU and the total number of RA-RUs, which are indicated by the RU Allocation field and the Number of RA-RU field in the User Info field, respectively.

[0054] Step 4: The STAs contend for the RA-RU according to the OBO mechanism.

[0055] Each associated STA and unassociated STA competes for RUs according to the OBO mechanism based on the size of the RA-RU and the total number of RA-RUs indicated in the trigger frame.

[0056] Specifically, the OBO mechanism is as follows:

[0057] Each STA counts the total number of RA-RUs, N, from the initial value of the OBO counter it maintains. RU to get the backoff value.

[0058] Situation 1: If the value obtained by subtraction in this round (ie, the backoff value) is less than or equal to 0, the STA can randomly select and occupy an RA-RU.

[0059] Situation 1-1: If each STA does not select the same RA-RU at the same time, i.e., no collision occurs between STAs, each STA successfully participates in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round, resets the current OCW to OCWmin, and randomly selects an integer from 0 to OCW as the initial value of the OBO counter for UORA in the next round.

[0060] Situation 1-2: If each STA selects the same RA-RU at the same time, that is, if a collision occurs between STAs, all STAs do not successfully participate in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round, and these STAs need to update OCW to min (2 × OCW + 1, OCWmax) and randomly select an integer from 0 to OCW as the value of the OBO counter.

[0061] Situation 2: If the value obtained by subtraction in this round (i.e., the backoff value) is greater than 0, the STA sets the OBO counter to the value obtained by subtraction and uses it for the UORA in the next round. The STA does not occupy any RA-RU and does not participate in the uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round.

[0062] Step 5: The STA conducts the next round of UORA contention.

[0063] For example, steps 3 and 4 are repeated.

[0064] However, in a scenario where there are multiple STAs densely distributed, if the above UORA mechanism is adopted, collisions may occur, i.e., multiple STAs may compete for the same RU, resulting in the failure of uplink transmission for each STA.

[0065] Figure 3 is a simulation diagram showing the probability that STAs successfully contend for RUs and successfully complete uplink transmissions when the number of STAs is 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100. As can be seen from Figure 3, when the number of STAs is close to 40, the probability that STAs successfully complete uplink transmissions is lower than 10%. As the number of STAs increases up to 100, the success probability approaches 0. Therefore, how to perform random access and increase the probability of successful access is an issue that needs to be resolved urgently.

[0066] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. The above-mentioned related arts can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, and all of them fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. The embodiments of the present application include at least part of the following contents:

[0067] 4 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. The method 200 can be performed by a terminal device in the communication system shown in FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the method 200 includes the following contents:

[0068] S210: The station determines a target backoff value based on a count value of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) backoff (OBO) counter, a target coefficient, and a first number of resource units (RUs), where the first number of RUs is the number of RUs allocated to the station by the access point.

[0069] S220: Compete for a random access RU (RA-RU) according to an OBO mechanism based on a target backoff value.

[0070] In some embodiments, the number of first RUs may be indicated by a Number of RA-RU field in a User Info field.

[0071] In some embodiments, the target coefficient is also referred to as an adaptation factor. The target coefficient can be adaptively adjusted according to the number of stations participating in the UORA. In other words, the target coefficient is related to the number of stations participating in the UORS. Therefore, stations can compete for RUs with appropriate backoff values, mitigate collisions in a densely populated scenario, and improve the success rate of access.

[0072] In some embodiments, the station may be an associated STA of the access point or an unassociated STA of the access point.

[0073] In some embodiments, only associated STAs can contend for RUs using the scheme of the embodiments of the present application, and non-associated STAs can contend for RUs using the existing UORA mechanism, which helps ensure that associated STAs have a higher priority in using RUs compared with non-associated STAs, and improve the success rate of access by associated STAs.

[0074] In other embodiments, both associated and non-associated STAs may contend for RUs using the schemes of the embodiments of the present application.

[0075] In some embodiments, the target factor includes a first factor (denoted as α) and / or a second factor (denoted as β), where the first factor is used to control the number of RUs used to calculate the target back-off value, and the second factor is used to control the target count value used to calculate the target back-off value.

[0076] In some embodiments, the first coefficient and the first number of RUs (i.e., N RU ) is used to specify the target number of RUs, and the target backoff value is specified based on the count value of the OBO counter and the target number of RUs.

[0077] For example, the target backoff value (N Back-off (denoted as ) is equal to the value obtained by subtracting the target RU number from the count value of the OBO counter.

[0078] Illustratively, the target number of RUs is equal to the product of the first coefficient and the first number of RUs.

[0079] That is, N Back-off =N counter -α×N RU N counterrepresents the count value of the OBO counter.

[0080] In another embodiment, the second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter are used to determine a target count value, and a target backoff value is determined based on the target count value and the first number of RUs.

[0081] For example, the target backoff value is equal to the value obtained by subtracting the first number of RUs from the target count value.

[0082] Illustratively, the target count value is equal to the product of the second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter.

[0083] That is, N Back-off =β×N counter -N RU N counter represents the count value of the OBO counter.

[0084] Hereinafter, the method for obtaining the target coefficient will be described with reference to a specific embodiment.

[0085] Embodiment 1: The target coefficient is obtained from the access point.

[0086] That is, the station may obtain the first coefficient and / or the second coefficient from the access point.

[0087] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the specific manner in which the access point indicates the target coefficient to the station, for example, the target coefficient may be indicated before the station starts random access.

[0088] Alternatively, the target factor may be specified by the access point depending on the number of stations participating in the UORA.

[0089] Alternatively, the number of stations participating in the UORA may be the number of associated stations participating in the UORA, or may be the number of associated stations participating in the UORA and the number of non-associated stations participating in the UORA.

[0090] In some embodiments, the target coefficient is obtained by a trigger frame, i.e., the first coefficient and / or the second coefficient may be obtained by a trigger frame.

[0091] Optionally, the trigger frame is used to set information such as the size of the RA-RU, the number of RA-RUs, etc. to the station.

[0092] In some embodiments, a target coefficient field can be added to the trigger frame, which is used to indicate the target coefficient.

[0093] Optionally, a reserved field in the trigger frame is used as the target coefficient field.

[0094] In some embodiments, a first coefficient field and / or a second coefficient field can be added to the trigger frame, where the first coefficient field is used to indicate the first coefficient and the second coefficient field is used to indicate the second coefficient.

[0095] In some embodiments, the target coefficients are carried in a Common Info field in the trigger frame.

[0096] In some embodiments, the common information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, which is used to indicate the target coefficient.

[0097] For example, the common information field in the trigger frame includes a first coefficient field and / or a second coefficient field, where the first coefficient field is used to indicate the first coefficient and the second coefficient field is used to indicate the second coefficient.

[0098] In this case, the first coefficient and / or the second coefficient indicated in the common information field is applied to all stations participating in the UORA.

[0099] In some embodiments, the number of bits occupied by a first coefficient field may be determined based on the number of candidate values ​​for that first coefficient.

[0100] For example, if there are two possible values ​​for the first coefficient, including, for example, 0.6 and 0.8, the first coefficient field may occupy 1 bit.

[0101] As another example, if there are four possible values ​​for the first coefficient, including, for example, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, and 0.8, then the first coefficient field may occupy two bits.

[0102] In some embodiments, the number of bits occupied by the second coefficient field may be determined based on the number of candidate values ​​for that second coefficient.

[0103] For example, if there are two possible values ​​for the second coefficient, including, for example, 1.1 and 1.2, the second coefficient field may occupy one bit.

[0104] As another example, if there are four possible values ​​for the second coefficient, including, for example, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 1.4, the second coefficient field may occupy two bits.

[0105] 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a format of a common information field according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5, the common information field may include a first coefficient field. The number of bits occupied by the first coefficient field may be determined based on the number of candidate values ​​of the first coefficient.

[0106] As shown in FIG. 5, the common information field may further include at least one of the following fields: Trigger Type (occupies 4 bits), uplink Length (occupies 12 bits), more trigger frames (TF) (occupies 1 bit), whether carrier sense (CS) is required (CS required) (occupies 1 bit), uplink Bandwidth (BW) (occupies 2 bits), Guard Interval (GI) and High Efficiency Long Training Field (HE-LTF) type (occupies 2 bits), Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO) HE-LTF mode (occupies 1 bit), Number of HE-LTF symbols and midamble periodicity (occupies 3 bits), uplink Space Time Block Code (STBC) (occupies 1 bit), low-density parity check (LDPC) extra symbol segment Segment (occupies 1 bit), AP TX Power (occupies 6 bits), Pre-Forward Error Correction (Pre-FEC) Padding Factor (occupies 2 bits), Packet Extension (PE) Disambiguity (occupies 1 bit), Uplink Spatial Reuse (occupies 16 bits), Doppler (occupies 1 bit), Uplink High Efficiency-SINGAL field-A2 (HE-SIG-A2) Reserved (occupies 8 bits), Reserved (occupies 1 bit).

[0107] Although FIG. 5 illustrates an example in which the first coefficient field occupies one bit, the present application is not limited thereto. If there are more candidate values ​​for the first coefficient, the first coefficient field may occupy another number of bits. Alternatively, the common information field may further include a second coefficient field, or the common information field may not include the first coefficient field and may only include the second coefficient field. The present application is not limited thereto.

[0108] Note that in Figure 5, only one bit in the UL HE-SIG-A2 reserved field is used to indicate the first coefficient. In other embodiments, the reserved field may be used to indicate the first coefficient. Alternatively, if more bits are needed to indicate the target coefficient, more bits in the UL HE-SIG-A2 reserved field or both the UL HE-SIG-A2 reserved field and the reserved field may be used to indicate the target coefficient.

[0109] In some embodiments, the target coefficient is carried in the User Info field in the trigger frame.

[0110] In this case, the target coefficient indicated by the user information field is applied to the station corresponding to the user information field. That is, the target coefficient is indicated individually for each station. In this case, the target coefficients corresponding to each station may be the same or different.

[0111] In some embodiments, some or all of the user information fields in the trigger frame include a target coefficient field, which is used to indicate the target coefficient to be used by the station corresponding to the user information field.

[0112] For example, the user information field in the trigger frame that corresponds only to associated STAs includes a target coefficient field.

[0113] As another example, the user information fields in the trigger frame corresponding to the associated STAs and the user information fields corresponding to the non-associated STAs both include a target coefficient field.

[0114] Exemplarily, the trigger frame includes two user information fields, each including a target coefficient field for indicating a first coefficient and / or a second coefficient. For example, in the first user information field, AID=0 indicates that the user information field is used to allocate one or more consecutive RA-RUs to associated STAs. In the second user information field, AID=2045 indicates that the user information field is used to allocate one or more consecutive RA-RUs to non-associated STAs.

[0115] Optionally, the target coefficient field includes a first coefficient field and / or a second coefficient field, where the first coefficient field is used to indicate the first coefficient and the second coefficient field is used to indicate the second coefficient.

[0116] 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a format of a user information field according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 6, the user information field may include a first coefficient field. The number of bits occupied by the first coefficient field may be determined based on the number of candidate values ​​of the first coefficient.

[0117] As shown in Figure 6, the user information field may further include at least one of the following fields: AID12 (occupying 12 bits), RU Allocation (occupying 8 bits), UL FEC Coding Type (occupying 1 bit), uplink High Efficiency Modulation and Coding Scheme (HE-MCS) (occupying 4 bits), Spatial Streams (SS) Allocation / Random Access Resource Unit (RARU) information (occupying 6 bits), UL target received signal strength indicator (RSSI) (occupying 7 bits), PS160 (occupying 1 bit), and trigger dependent user information (occupying a variable number of bits).

[0118] Although FIG. 6 illustrates an example in which the first coefficient field occupies one bit, the present application is not limited thereto. If there are more candidate values ​​for the first coefficient, the first coefficient field may occupy another number of bits. Alternatively, the user information field may further include a second coefficient field, or the user information field may not include the first coefficient field and may only include the second coefficient field. The present application is not limited thereto.

[0119] Hereinafter, a random access procedure according to this embodiment 1 will be described with reference to Figure 7. As shown in Figure 7, the following steps may be included:

[0120] Step 1: The access point sends a UORA parameter set element to the station.

[0121] For example, an access point may include a UORA parameter set element in a trigger frame transmitted by the access point, and the AP may indicate the range of an OFDMA contention window (OCW) in the UORA parameter set element for STAs to initiate random access following the trigger frame.

[0122] Step 2: The station receives the UORA parameter set element sent by the access point and initializes the OCW and OBO counters.

[0123] Step 3: The access point transmits a trigger frame.

[0124] When UORA transmission is performed, the access point transmits a trigger frame to multiple stations to indicate the size and number of RA-RUs, which are indicated by the RU Allocation field and the Number of RA-RU field in the User Info field, respectively.

[0125] The trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, for example, a first coefficient field and / or a second coefficient field, which are used to indicate the first coefficient and / or the second coefficient.

[0126] Step 4: The stations contend for the RA-RU according to the OBO mechanism.

[0127] For example, stations participating in the uplink UORA compete for RUs according to the OBO mechanism based on the size of the RA-RU, the total number of RA-RUs, and the target coefficient indicated in the trigger frame.

[0128] For example, a station may calculate the number of OBO counters it maintains by multiplying the initial value by α × the total number of RA-RUs, NRU to obtain the target backoff value.

[0129] Situation 1: If the value obtained by subtraction in this round (ie, the target backoff value) is less than or equal to 0, the station can randomly select and occupy an RA-RU.

[0130] Situation 1-1: If each station does not select the same RA-RU at the same time, i.e., no collision occurs between stations, each station successfully participates in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round, resets the current OCW to OCWmin, and randomly selects an integer from 0 to OCW as the initial value of the OBO counter for UORA in the next round.

[0131] Situation 1-2: If each station selects the same RA-RU at the same time, that is, if a collision occurs between stations, some stations did not successfully participate in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round. These stations must update OCW to min (2 × OCW + 1, OCWmax) and randomly select an integer from 0 to OCW as the value of their OBO counter.

[0132] When an acknowledgement (ACK) mechanism exists, if a STA receives an ACK from the AP, it is considered that no collision occurred between the STAs, and if a STA does not receive an ACK, it is considered that a collision occurred.

[0133] Situation 2: If the value obtained by subtraction in this round (i.e., the target backoff value) is greater than 0, the station sets the OBO counter to the target backoff value and uses it for UORA in the next round. The station does not occupy any RA-RU and does not participate in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round.

[0134] Step 5: The STA conducts the next round of UORA contention.

[0135] For example, steps 3 and 4 are repeated.

[0136] Embodiment 2: The target coefficient is specified by the station.

[0137] In some embodiments, the target factor may be specified based on a target number of stations participating in the uplink UORA.

[0138] Alternatively, the target population includes associated stations participating in the UORA, or the target population includes associated stations and non-associated stations participating in the UORA.

[0139] In some embodiments, the target number is obtained from the access point.

[0140] In some embodiments, the access point knows the number of associated STAs of the access point but does not know the number of unassociated STAs. Considering that in an actual Basic Service Set (BSS) network transmission, the total number of associated STAs is much larger than the total number of unassociated STAs, the total number of associated STAs participating in the UORA is approximately determined by rounding up the total number of associated STAs at a certain granularity. For example, during the current transmission, the total number of associated STAs, N STA,association = 25, and N STA,granularity = 10, the access point calculates N STA,total = 30. The granularity of the total number of STAs is N STA,granularity may be determined by the access point based on the total number of associated STAs of the access point.

[0141] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the specific manner in which the access point indicates the target number to the station, for example, the target number may be indicated before the station starts random access.

[0142] In some embodiments, the target number is obtained by a trigger frame.

[0143] For example, a target number field can be added to the trigger frame, which is used to indicate the target number.

[0144] Optionally, a reserved field in the trigger frame is used as the target number field.

[0145] In some embodiments, the target number is carried in a common information field in the trigger frame.

[0146] For example, the common information field in the trigger frame includes a target number field, which is used to indicate the target number.

[0147] In some embodiments, the number of bits occupied by the target number field may be specified based on the number of candidate values ​​for the target number.

[0148] For example, if the possible values ​​for the total number of STAs include 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90, the target number field may occupy 3 bits.

[0149] 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a format of a common information field according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the common information field may include a target number field. The number of bits occupied by the target number field may be determined based on the number of candidate values ​​of the target number. For other fields under the format shown in FIG. 8, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in FIG. 5, which will not be repeated here for brevity.

[0150] Note that, although FIG. 8 illustrates an example in which the target number field occupies three bits, the present application is not limited thereto. If there are more candidate values ​​for the target number, the target number field may occupy a larger number of bits. Alternatively, if there are fewer candidate values ​​for the target number, the target number field may occupy a smaller number of bits. The present application is not limited thereto.

[0151] In another embodiment, the target number is carried in the user information field in the trigger frame.

[0152] Optionally, some or all of the user information fields in the trigger frame include a target number field, which is used to indicate the target number.

[0153] For example, the user information field in the trigger frame that corresponds to only associated STAs includes a target number field.

[0154] As another example, the user information field corresponding to the associated STAs and the user information field corresponding to the non-associated STAs in the trigger frame both include a target number field.

[0155] That is, the target number is carried in the user information field corresponding to the associated STA in the trigger frame, or the target number is carried in the user information field corresponding to the associated STA and the user information field corresponding to the non-associated STA in the trigger frame.

[0156] In one embodiment, the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields, wherein stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations, and each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate a target number.

[0157] Optionally, in the first user information field, AID=0.

[0158] For example, if the candidate values ​​of the target number include 20, 40, 60, and 80, two bits are required to indicate the target number. The trigger frame includes four user information fields. In the first and second user information fields, AID=0 indicates that the user information field is used to allocate one or more consecutive RA-RUs to associated STAs. In the third and fourth user information fields, AID=2045 indicates that the user information field is used to allocate one or more consecutive RA-RUs to non-associated STAs. In this case, the target number field in the first user information field and the target number field in the second user information field jointly indicate the target number. Each target number field may occupy one bit.

[0159] In another embodiment, the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields and a plurality of second user information fields. Stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations. Stations indicated by the plurality of second user information fields are non-associated stations. Each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate a target number. Each of the plurality of second user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of second user information fields jointly indicate a target number.

[0160] Optionally, in the first user information field, AID=0. In the second user information field, AID=2045.

[0161] For example, if the candidate values ​​of the target number include 20, 40, 60, and 80, two bits are required to indicate the target number. If the trigger frame includes four user information fields, the first and second user information fields have AID=0, which indicates that the user information field is used to allocate one or more consecutive RA-RUs to associated STAs, and the third and fourth user information fields have AID=2045, which indicates that the user information field is used to allocate one or more consecutive RA-RUs to non-associated STAs. In this case, the target number field in the first user information field and the target number field in the second user information field jointly indicate the target number, and the target number field in the third user information field and the target number field in the fourth user information field jointly indicate the target number. Each target number field may occupy one bit.

[0162] 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a format of a user information field according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 9, the user information field may include a target number field. The target number field may occupy 1 bit. The target number fields in multiple user information fields jointly indicate the target number. For other fields under the format shown in FIG. 9, reference may be made to the relevant description in FIG. 6, which will not be repeated here for brevity.

[0163] In some embodiments, the target coefficient is determined by the station based on the target number and historical access result information, which may include one or more most recent access status information and / or historical channel environment information (also referred to as channel state information or channel quality information).

[0164] By way of example and not limitation, the historical access result information may include, but is not limited to, at least one of whether a collision occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions, the probability that a collision occurred in the most recent M uplink transmissions, or the probability that a collision did not occur in the most recent K uplink transmissions, where N, M, and K are positive integers.

[0165] Alternatively, N may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0166] Alternatively, M may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0167] Alternatively, K may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0168] In some embodiments, the station may determine the direction and amount of adjustment of the first coefficient and / or the direction and amount of adjustment of the second coefficient based on the historical random access information and the target number.

[0169] For example, the adjustment direction of the first coefficient is to increase or decrease the first coefficient, and the adjustment direction of the second coefficient is to increase or decrease the second coefficient.

[0170] Illustratively, if a first condition is met, the value of the first coefficient is increased and / or the value of the second coefficient is decreased.

[0171] In some embodiments, the first condition may be used to indicate that the channel environment where the station is located is good, and therefore the probability of collision between stations is relatively low. In this case, the value of the first coefficient may be increased and / or the value of the second coefficient may be decreased, thereby increasing the probability that the station will access the RU and increasing the success rate of random access.

[0172] By way of example, the first condition may include, but is not limited to, at least one of: no collisions occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions; the number of collisions occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions is less than a first number threshold; the probability of collisions occurring in the most recent M uplink transmissions is less than a first probability threshold; and the probability of no collisions occurring in the most recent K uplink transmissions is greater than a second probability threshold.

[0173] Illustratively, if the second condition is met, the value of the first coefficient is decreased and / or the value of the second coefficient is increased.

[0174] In some embodiments, the second condition may be used to indicate that the channel environment in which the station is located is relatively poor, and therefore the probability of collision between stations is relatively high. In this case, the value of the first coefficient may be decreased and / or the value of the second coefficient may be increased, thereby reducing the probability of the station accessing the RU and reducing the probability of collision between stations.

[0175] In some embodiments, the second condition includes at least one of: a collision occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions; the number of times a collision occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions is greater than a first number threshold; a probability that a collision occurred in the most recent M uplink transmissions is greater than a first probability threshold; or a probability that no collision occurred in the most recent K uplink transmissions is less than a second probability threshold.

[0176] Optionally, the first count threshold may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0177] Optionally, the first probability threshold may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0178] Optionally, the second probability threshold may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0179] In some embodiments, the adjustment amount of the first coefficient is determined as a function of a target number.

[0180] For example, when specifying that the first coefficient is to be increased, the adjusted first coefficient satisfies the following equation 1.

number

[0181] Alternatively, inc may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0182] Alternatively, inc may be 0.1.

[0183] Optionally, α max may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0184] In some embodiments, the amount of adjustment to the first factor is determined as a function of the target number and the number of consecutive successful uplink transmissions completed by the station.

[0185] Optionally, when specifying that the first factor be decreased, the amount of adjustment of the first factor is specified according to a target number and a number of consecutive successful uplink transmissions completed by the station.

[0186] For example, when the first coefficient is specified to be small, the adjusted first coefficient satisfies the following equation 2.

number

[0187] Alternatively, dec may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point.

[0188] Optionally, if an uplink transmission by a station fails, n s is reset to zero and counting begins again.

[0189] Alternatively, the station may adjust the second coefficient in a manner similar to the manner in which it adjusts the first coefficient, except that the adjustments are in the opposite direction.

[0190] Hereinafter, a random access procedure according to this embodiment 2 will be described with reference to Figure 10. As shown in Figure 10, the following steps may be included:

[0191] Step 1: The access point sends a UORA parameter set element to the station.

[0192] For example, an access point may include a UORA parameter set element in a trigger frame transmitted by the access point, and the AP may indicate the range of an OFDMA contention window (OCW) in the UORA parameter set element for STAs to initiate random access following the trigger frame.

[0193] Step 2: The station receives the UORA parameter set element sent by the access point and initializes the OCW and OBO counters.

[0194] Step 3: The access point transmits a trigger frame.

[0195] When UORA transmission is performed, the access point transmits a trigger frame to multiple stations to indicate the size and number of RA-RUs, which are indicated by the RU Allocation field and the Number of RA-RU field in the User Info field, respectively.

[0196] The trigger frame includes a target number field, which is used to indicate the number of STAs participating in the uplink UORA.

[0197] Step 4: The stations contend for the RA-RU according to the OBO mechanism.

[0198] For example, a station participating in an uplink UORA identifies a target factor, eg, a first factor α, based on the target number indicated in the trigger frame.

[0199] Furthermore, stations participating in the uplink UORA compete for RUs according to the OBO mechanism based on the size of the RA-RU, the total number of RA-RUs, and the target coefficient indicated in the trigger frame.

[0200] For example, a station can increase the OBO counter it maintains by α×N from its initial value. RU The initial value of α is set to α0, for example, α0=1. min ,α max ]. α min and α max may be predefined, specified by the station, or indicated by the access point, for example, α∈[0.1,2].

[0201] Situation 1: If the value obtained by subtraction in this round (ie, the target backoff value) is less than or equal to 0, the station can randomly select and occupy an RA-RU.

[0202] Situation 1-1: If each station does not select the same RA-RU at the same time, i.e., no collision occurs between stations, each station successfully participates in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round, resets the current OCW to OCWmin, and randomly selects an integer from 0 to OCW as the initial value of the OBO counter for UORA in the next round.

[0203] For stations that have successfully participated in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round, it can be considered that the probability of collision between stations is currently low and the channel environment is good. Therefore, α can be increased to increase the probability of RA-RU access. Regarding the amount by which α is increased, if the total number of stations participating in the current UORA is large, α can be increased to a larger value to more actively accelerate the OBO process and increase the probability of successful uplink transmission. If a station successfully occupies an RA-RU and transmits successfully, α used in the next round can be determined according to Equation 1 above.

[0204] Situation 1-2: If each station selects the same RA-RU at the same time, that is, if a collision occurs between stations, some stations did not successfully participate in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round. These stations must update OCW to min (2 × OCW + 1, OCWmax) and randomly select an integer from 0 to OCW as the value of their OBO counter.

[0205] For stations that did not successfully participate in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round, α can be reduced and the decrease in the target backoff value to 0 can be slowed down, thereby reducing the probability of RA-RU access. Regarding the amount by which α is reduced, if the total number of stations participating in the current UORA is large, the probability of collisions increases. To prevent α from being reduced from its initial value to its minimum value too quickly, the rate at which α changes must be slowed down. If a station successfully completes multiple consecutive uplink TB PPDU transmissions before a collision occurs in this round, it indicates that the collision in this round is accidental. In this case, the reduction in the value of α can be temporarily postponed. If multiple stations select the same RA-RU and a collision occurs, the station can update α for the next round according to Equation 2 above.

[0206] Situation 2: If the value obtained by subtraction in this round (i.e., the target backoff value) is greater than 0, the station sets the OBO counter to the target backoff value and uses it for UORA in the next round. The station does not occupy any RA-RU and does not participate in uplink TB PPDU transmission in this round.

[0207] Step 5: The STA conducts the next round of UORA contention.

[0208] For example, steps 3 and 4 are repeated.

[0209] 11, the execution flow of the OBO backoff mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application will be described taking the target coefficient as the first coefficient as an example. As shown in FIG. 11, the following steps may be included:

[0210] S301:STA is the range of OCWmin and OCWmax, α value [α min ,α max ], as well as the initial value of α.

[0211] S302: The STA randomly selects an integer from [0, OCW] and sets it as the initial count value of the OBO counter.

[0212] S303: The STA updates the count value of the OBO counter maintained by the STA, and OBO' = OBO - α * N RU , OBO=OBO', where OBO' is the count value of the OBO counter after updating, and OBO is the count value of the OBO counter before updating.

[0213] S304: It is determined whether the value OBO of the OBO counter of the STA is equal to or less than 0.

[0214] If the value OBO of the OBO counter of the STA is equal to or less than 0, execute S305. If not, execute S302.

[0215] S305: The STA completes the backoff process and can randomly select an RU for uplink TB PPDU transmission.

[0216] S306: The STA updates α based on the transmission status (e.g., collision or success, the number of consecutive successful transmissions, etc.) of the most recent N uplink transmissions and the target number. For the specific update method, please refer to the relevant description in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here for brevity.

[0217] S307: Determine whether to proceed to the next round of transmission.

[0218] If yes, execute S302; if not, end the process.

[0219] Figures 12 and 13 are simulation diagrams showing a comparison of the STA success rate based on the UORA mechanism of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 and the STA success rate based on the UORA mechanism of embodiment 2 with the STA success rate based on the existing UORA mechanism.

[0220] In the simulation diagrams of Figures 12 and 13, we assume the following: (i) the channel is ideal, i.e., transmissions fail only due to RA-RU collisions; (ii) the AP allocates all RUs to STAs for random access; (iii) the granularity of the total number of STAs is 1, i.e., the AP knows the specific total number of STAs; and (iv) all STAs are always in a state where the total number is N. RU The STAs compete for the RA-RUs with the same frame size and modulation and coding scheme (MCS). The simulation parameters are set as shown in Table 1.

[0221] [Table 1]

[0222] A curve diagram showing the probability of successful uplink TB PPDU transmission by different numbers of STAs under the existing UORA mechanism, the UORA mechanism of embodiment 1, and the UORA mechanism of embodiment 2 is obtained by simulation. It can be seen from the comparison that the success rate of transmission by STAs according to the embodiments of the present application is higher than the success rate of uplink TB PPDU transmission under the existing UORA mechanism. Compared with the existing UORA mechanism, the success rate of transmission by STAs under the UORA mechanism of embodiment 1 is increased by about 0.05. Compared with the existing UORA mechanism, the success rate of transmission by STAs under the UORA mechanism of embodiment 2 is increased by about 3 dB. Furthermore, even when the total number of STAs is large, the UORA mechanism of embodiment 2 still performs well.

[0223] In embodiment 1, the first coefficient α is transmitted by the AP to each STA. Under the UORA mechanism in each round, each STA uses the same target coefficient to determine its target backoff value, regardless of whether the STA succeeded in RA-RU contention in the previous round. Simulations also show that: the smaller the value of the first coefficient α, the higher the probability that the STA will successfully transmit. However, if the first coefficient is set too small, the decrease in the count value of the OBO counter will slow down in each round, reducing the efficiency of the UORA mechanism. Therefore, it is necessary to select an appropriate first coefficient by considering both the probability that the STA will successfully transmit and the efficiency of the UORA mechanism.

[0224] In embodiment 2, the STA adaptively adjusts the first coefficient based on the result of the UORA contention in this round or the result of the UORA contention in the most recent rounds, that is, in each round of UORA contention, the value of the first coefficient α used by each STA may be different.

[0225] Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, the following six cases of RU size and RU type were simulated.

[0226] Case 1: [26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26 26], N RU = 9, and each of the 9 RUs is a 26-tone RU.

[0227] Case 2: [26 26 26 26 26 26 26 52], N RU = 8, 7 RUs are 26-tone RUs, and 1 RU is a 52-tone RU.

[0228] Case 3: [26 26 26 26 26 52 52], N RU = 7, 5 RUs are 26-tone RUs, and 2 RUs are 52-tone RUs.

[0229] Case 4: [26 26 26 52 52 52], N RU = 6, 3 RUs are 26-tone RUs, and 3 RUs are 52-tone RUs.

[0230] Case 5: [26 52 52 52 52], N RU = 5, one RU is a 26-tone RU, and four RUs are 52-tone RUs.

[0231] Case 6: [26 26 26 26], N RU = 4, and 4 RUs are 26-tone RUs.

[0232] A 26-tone RU contains 24 data tones and 2 pilot tones. A 52-tone RU contains 48 data tones and 4 pilot tones. In each case, the last RU is allocated to non-associated STAs, and the first N RU - One STA is assigned to the associated STA.

[0233] The simulation results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, when the total number of STAs is 25, the scheme proposed in this application can maximize the probability of successful transmission by about 6 dB compared with UORA in the standard. When the total number of STAs is 75 or more, the probability of successful transmission under UORA in the standard is almost 0. In contrast, the UORA mechanism based on embodiment 2 can increase the probability of successful transmission by STAs to about 0.4.

[0234] [Table 2]

[0235] In summary, in the embodiment of the present application, a station can determine a target back-off value for competing for an RA-RU based on a target coefficient, that is, the target coefficient can control the station to compete for an RA-RU with an appropriate step size, thereby increasing or decreasing the probability of RA-RU access by the target coefficient, mitigating collisions between stations, and improving the success rate of random access.

[0236] The method embodiments of the present application have been described in detail above with reference to Figures 4 to 13. Hereinafter, the device embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to Figures 14 to 18. Note that the device embodiments correspond to the method embodiments, and for similar descriptions, reference can be made to the method embodiments.

[0237] 14 is a block diagram illustrating a station 400 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 14, the station 400 includes a processing unit 410. The processing unit 410 is configured to determine a target back-off value based on a count value of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) back-off (OBO) counter, a target coefficient, and a first number of resource units (RUs), where the first number of RUs is the number of RUs allocated to the station by the access point. The processing unit 410 is configured to contend for a random access RU (RA-RU) according to an OBO mechanism based on the target back-off value.

[0238] In some embodiments, the target factor includes a first factor and / or a second factor, where the first factor is used to control the number of RUs used to calculate the target back-off value and the second factor is used to control the target count value used to calculate the target back-off value.

[0239] In some embodiments, the first coefficient and the first number of RUs are used to determine a target number of RUs, and a target backoff value is determined based on the count value of the OBO counter and the target number of RUs.

[0240] In some embodiments, the target backoff value is equal to the value obtained by subtracting the target number of RUs from the count value of the OBO counter.

[0241] In some embodiments, the target number of RUs is equal to the product of the first coefficient and the first number of RUs.

[0242] In some embodiments, the second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter are used to determine a target count value, and a target backoff value is determined based on the target count value and the first number of RUs.

[0243] In some embodiments, the target backoff value is equal to the target count value minus the first number of RUs.

[0244] In some embodiments, the target count value is equal to the product of a second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter.

[0245] In some embodiments, the target coefficients are obtained from the access point.

[0246] In some embodiments, the target coefficients are obtained by a trigger frame.

[0247] In some embodiments, the target coefficients are carried in a common information field in the trigger frame.

[0248] In some embodiments, the common information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, which is used to indicate the target coefficient.

[0249] In some embodiments, the target coefficient is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame.

[0250] In some embodiments, each user information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, which is used to indicate the target coefficient to be used by the station corresponding to the user information field.

[0251] In some embodiments, the target coefficients are specified by the station.

[0252] In some embodiments, the processing unit 410 is further configured to obtain a target number of stations to participate in the uplink (UL) OFDMA-based random access (UORA) and determine a target factor based on the target number.

[0253] In some embodiments, the target population includes associating stations that participate in the UORA, or the target population includes associating stations and non-associating stations that participate in the UORA.

[0254] In some embodiments, the target number is obtained from the access point.

[0255] In some embodiments, the target number is obtained by a trigger frame.

[0256] In some embodiments, the target number is carried in a common information field in the trigger frame.

[0257] In some embodiments, the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame.

[0258] In some embodiments, the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to the associating station, or the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to the associating station and a user information field corresponding to the non-associated station.

[0259] In some embodiments, the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields, the stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations, each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate the target number.

[0260] In some embodiments, the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields and a plurality of second user information fields, where stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations and stations indicated by the plurality of second user information fields are non-associated stations. Each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, where the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate a target number. Each of the plurality of second user information fields includes a target number field, where the target number fields in the plurality of second user information fields jointly indicate a target number.

[0261] In some embodiments, determining a target factor based on the target number includes determining a target factor based on the target number and historical access result information.

[0262] In some embodiments, the historical access result information includes at least one of whether a collision occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions, the probability that a collision occurred in the most recent M uplink transmissions, or the probability that no collision occurred in the most recent K uplink transmissions, where N, M, and K are positive integers.

[0263] In some embodiments, the processing unit 410 is further configured to determine, based on the historical random access information and the target number, an adjustment direction and an adjustment amount of the first coefficient and / or an adjustment direction and an adjustment amount of the second coefficient, where the adjustment direction of the first coefficient is to increase or decrease the first coefficient, and the adjustment direction of the second coefficient is to increase or decrease the second coefficient.

[0264] In some embodiments, the processing unit 410 is further configured to increase the value of the first coefficient and / or decrease the value of the second coefficient if a first condition is met, or to decrease the value of the first coefficient and / or increase the value of the second coefficient if a second condition is met.

[0265] In some embodiments, the first condition includes at least one of: no collisions occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions; the number of times that collisions occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions is less than a first number threshold; the probability that collisions occurred in the most recent M uplink transmissions is less than a first probability threshold; or the probability that no collisions occurred in the most recent K uplink transmissions is greater than a second probability threshold.

[0266] In some embodiments, the second condition includes at least one of: a collision occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions; a number of times a collision occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions is greater than a first number threshold; a probability that a collision occurred in the most recent M uplink transmissions is greater than a first probability threshold; or a probability that no collision occurred in the most recent K uplink transmissions is less than a second probability threshold.

[0267] In some embodiments, the adjustment amount of the first coefficient is determined as a function of a target number.

[0268] In some embodiments, when specifying that the first coefficient is to be increased, the adjusted first coefficient satisfies the following formula: JPEG2025539390000006.jpg41150α is the value of the first coefficient after adjustment, α1 is the value of the first coefficient before adjustment, and N sta is the target number, inc is the step size for adjusting the first coefficient, and α max is the maximum value of the first coefficient.

[0269] In some embodiments, the amount of adjustment to the first factor is determined as a function of the target number and the number of consecutive successful uplink transmissions completed by the station.

[0270] In some embodiments, when specifying that the first coefficient is to be reduced, the adjusted first coefficient satisfies the following formula: JPEG2025539390000007.jpg46150α is the value of the first coefficient after adjustment, α1 is the value of the first coefficient before adjustment, and N sta is the target number, dec is the step size for adjusting the first coefficient, and n s is the number of consecutive successful uplink transmissions completed by a station, and α max is the maximum value of the first coefficient.

[0271] Optionally, in some embodiments, the processing unit may be one or more processors.

[0272] It should be noted that the station 400 according to the embodiment of the present application may correspond to the station in the method embodiment of the present application. Furthermore, the above and other operations and / or functions of each unit in the station 400 are for implementing the corresponding processes of the station in the method 200 shown in Figures 4 to 13. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0273] 15 is a block diagram illustrating an access point according to an embodiment of the present application. The access point 500 of FIG. 15 includes a communication unit 510. The communication unit 510 is configured to transmit a first message to a station, the first message being used to identify a target factor, which is used to identify a target back-off value for competing for a random access-resource unit (RA-RU) according to an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) back-off (OBO) mechanism.

[0274] In some embodiments, the first information includes a target coefficient, and the count value of the OBO counter, the target coefficient, and the first number of RUs are used to determine a target backoff value, and the first number of RUs is the number of RUs assigned to the station by the access point.

[0275] In some embodiments, the target factor includes a first factor and / or a second factor, where the first factor is used to control the number of RUs used to calculate the target back-off value and the second factor is used to control the target count value used to calculate the target back-off value.

[0276] In some embodiments, the first coefficient and the first number of RUs are used to determine a target number of RUs, and a target backoff value is determined based on the count value of the OBO counter and the target number of RUs.

[0277] In some embodiments, the target backoff value is equal to the value obtained by subtracting the target number of RUs from the count value of the OBO counter.

[0278] In some embodiments, the target number of RUs is equal to the product of the first coefficient and the first number of RUs.

[0279] In some embodiments, the second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter are used to determine a target count value, and a target backoff value is determined based on the target count value and the first number of RUs.

[0280] In some embodiments, the target backoff value is equal to the target count value minus the first number of RUs.

[0281] In some embodiments, the target count value is equal to the product of a second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter.

[0282] In some embodiments, the target coefficients are obtained by a trigger frame.

[0283] In some embodiments, the target coefficients are carried in a common information field in the trigger frame.

[0284] In some embodiments, the common information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, which is used to indicate the target coefficient.

[0285] In some embodiments, the target coefficient is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame.

[0286] In some embodiments, each user information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, which is used to indicate the target coefficient to be used by the station corresponding to the user information field.

[0287] In some embodiments, the first information includes a target number, the target number being a number of stations to participate in uplink (UL) OFDMA-based random access (UORA).

[0288] In some embodiments, the target population includes associating stations that participate in the UORA, or the target population includes associating stations and non-associating stations that participate in the UORA.

[0289] In some embodiments, the target number is obtained from the access point.

[0290] In some embodiments, the target number is obtained by a trigger frame.

[0291] In some embodiments, the target number is carried in a common information field in the trigger frame.

[0292] In some embodiments, the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame.

[0293] In some embodiments, the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to the associating station, or the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to the associating station and a user information field corresponding to the non-associated station.

[0294] In some embodiments, the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields, the stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations, each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate the target number.

[0295] In some embodiments, the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields and a plurality of second user information fields, where stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations and stations indicated by the plurality of second user information fields are non-associated stations. Each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, where the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate a target number. Each of the plurality of second user information fields includes a target number field, where the target number fields in the plurality of second user information fields jointly indicate a target number.

[0296] Optionally, in some embodiments, the communication unit may be a communication interface or transceiver, or an input / output interface of a communication chip or a system-on-chip. It should be noted that the access point 500 according to the embodiments of the present application may correspond to the access point in the method embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the above and other operations and / or functions of each unit in the access point 500 are for implementing the corresponding processes of the access point in the method 200 shown in FIGS. 4 to 13. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0297] Fig. 16 is a diagram showing the structure of a communication device 600 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 600 shown in Fig. 16 includes a processor 610. The processor 610 can implement the method according to the embodiment of the present application by calling and executing a computer program stored in a memory.

[0298] Optionally, as shown in Figure 16, the communication device 600 may further include a memory 620. The processor 610 may call and execute a computer program stored in the memory 620 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0299] The memory 620 may be separate and distinct from the processor 610 or may be integrated into the processor 610 .

[0300] Optionally, as shown in Figure 16, the communication device 600 may further include a transceiver 630. The processor 610 may control the transceiver 630 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the transceiver 630 may transmit information or data to other devices or receive information or data transmitted by other devices.

[0301] The transceiver 630 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 630 may further include an antenna. The number of antennas may be one or more.

[0302] Alternatively, the communication device 600 may specifically be an access point in the embodiments of the present application, and may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the access point in the methods of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0303] Alternatively, the communication device 600 may specifically be a station in the embodiments of the present application, and may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the station in each method in the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0304] 17 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip 700 shown in FIG. 17 includes a processor 710. The processor 710 can implement the method according to the embodiment of the present application by calling and executing a computer program stored in a memory.

[0305] Optionally, as shown in Figure 17, the chip 700 may further include a memory 720. The processor 710 may call and execute a computer program stored in the memory 720 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0306] The memory 720 may be separate and distinct from the processor 710 or may be integrated into the processor 710 .

[0307] Optionally, the chip 700 may further include an input interface 730. The processor 710 may control the input interface 730 to communicate with other devices or chips. Specifically, the input interface 730 may receive information or data transmitted by other devices or chips.

[0308] Optionally, the chip 700 further includes an output interface 740. The processor 710 can control the output interface 740 to communicate with other devices or chips. Specifically, the output interface 740 can output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0309] Alternatively, the chip can be applied to the access point of the embodiments of the present application, and can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the access point in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0310] Alternatively, the chip can be applied to the station of the embodiment of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding process implemented by the station in each method of the embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0311] It should be understood that a chip according to embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as a system level chip, a system chip, a chip system, or a system-on-chip (SOC).

[0312] 18 is a block diagram showing a communication system 900 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 18, the communication system 900 includes a station 910 and an access point 920.

[0313] The station 910 may be configured to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the station in the above method, and the access point 920 may be configured to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the access point in the above method, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0314] It should be noted that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method embodiments may be completed by an integrated logic circuit in the form of hardware of the processor or instructions in the form of software. The processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The processor may implement or execute various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be performed and completed directly by a hardware decoding processor, or may be performed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be stored in a storage medium well known in the art, such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory, an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is stored in the memory. The processor reads the information in the memory and completes the steps of the above method in cooperation with the processor hardware.

[0315] As can be appreciated, the memory of the embodiments of the present application can be volatile or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM) that functions as an external high-speed cache. By way of illustrative, but non-limiting example, various RAMs are available, including static random access memory (static RAM, SRAM), dynamic random access memory (dynamic RAM, DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (synchronous DRAM, SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (double data rate SDRAM, DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM), and direct rambus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DRRAM). It should be noted that the memory of the systems and methods described herein may include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0316] It should be understood that the above memories are exemplary and not limiting. For example, the memories of the embodiments of the present application may be static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous-link dynamic random access memory (synch-link DRAM, SLDRAM), direct rambus random access memory (DRRAM), etc. That is, the memories of the embodiments of the present application may include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0317] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium used to store a computer program.

[0318] Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the access point of the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program causes a computer to execute corresponding processes implemented by the access point in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0319] Alternatively, the computer-readable storage medium can be applied to the station of the embodiment of the present application, and the computer program causes the computer to execute the corresponding processes implemented by the station in each method of the embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0320] Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product including computer program instructions.

[0321] Alternatively, the computer program product can be applied to the access point of the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause a computer to execute corresponding processes implemented by the access point in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0322] Alternatively, the computer program product can be applied to the station of the embodiments of the present application, and the computer program instructions cause a computer to execute corresponding processes implemented by the station in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0323] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program.

[0324] Alternatively, the computer program can be applied to the access point of the embodiments of the present application, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes the corresponding processes implemented by the access point in each method of the embodiments of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0325] Alternatively, the computer program can be applied to the station of the embodiment of the present application, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer executes the corresponding processes implemented by the station in each method of the embodiment of the present application, which will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

[0326] It is clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can be realized by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware in conjunction with each exemplary unit and algorithm operation described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software depends on the specific application of the technical solution and the design constraints. Those skilled in the art can realize the described functions using different methods for each specific application, but these realizations should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0327] Those skilled in the art can understand that for ease and conciseness of description, the specific operation procedures of the above systems, devices and units can be referred to the corresponding processes of the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0328] It should be understood that in some embodiments of the present application, the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be realized in other forms. For example, the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units represents merely a division of logical functions, and actual implementations may have other division forms. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not implemented. Furthermore, the couplings, direct couplings, and communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections through several interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0329] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. Components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one place or may be distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the technical solution of this embodiment.

[0330] Furthermore, each functional unit according to each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist physically alone, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0331] The functions may be implemented as software function modules and stored in a computer-readable storage medium when sold or used as an independent product. According to this understanding, an essential part of the technical solution of the present application, a part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution may be expressed as a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The storage medium includes various types of media capable of storing program code, such as a universal serial bus (USB) flash disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0332] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modifications or replacements that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. 1. A wireless communication method, comprising: a station determining a target backoff value based on a count value of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) backoff (OBO) counter, a target coefficient, and a first number of resource units (RUs), the first number of RUs being a number of RUs allocated to the station by an access point; contending for a random access unit (RA-RU) according to an OBO mechanism based on the target back-off value; Including, A wireless communication method comprising:

2. the target coefficients include a first coefficient and / or a second coefficient, the first coefficient being used to control the number of RUs used to calculate the target back-off value, and the second coefficient being used to control a target count value used to calculate the target back-off value; 2. The method of claim 1 .

3. the first coefficient and the first number of RUs are used to specify a target number of RUs, and the target back-off value is specified based on the count value of the OBO counter and the target number of RUs; 3. The method of claim 2.

4. The target backoff value is equal to a value obtained by subtracting the target number of RUs from the count value of the OBO counter.

4. The method of claim 3.

5. the target number of RUs is equal to the product of the first coefficient and the first number of RUs; 5. The method according to claim 3 or 4.

6. the second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter are used to determine a target count value, and the target backoff value is determined based on the target count value and the first number of RUs; 6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5.

7. the target backoff value is equal to a value obtained by subtracting the first number of RUs from the target count value; 7. The method of claim 6.

8. the target count value is equal to the product of the second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter; 8. The method according to claim 6 or 7.

9. the target coefficients are obtained from the access point; 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The target coefficients are obtained by a trigger frame.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The target coefficient is carried in a common information field in the trigger frame.

11. The method of claim 10.

12. the common information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, and the target coefficient field is used to indicate the target coefficient; 12. The method of claim 11 .

13. The target coefficient is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame.

11. The method of claim 10.

14. Each user information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, and the target coefficient field is used to indicate a target coefficient to be used by the station corresponding to the user information field.

14. The method of claim 13.

15. the target coefficients are specified by the station; 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

16. The method comprises: Obtaining a target number of stations to participate in uplink (UL) OFDMA-based random access (UORA); determining the target coefficient based on the target number; further comprising:

16. The method of claim 15.

17. the target number includes associated stations participating in the UORA, or the target number includes associated stations and non-associated stations participating in the UORA; 17. The method of claim 16.

18. The target number is obtained from the access point.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17.

19. The target number is obtained by a trigger frame.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18.

20. the target number is carried in a common information field in the trigger frame; 20. The method of claim 19.

21. The target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame.

20. The method of claim 19.

22. the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to an associating station, or the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to an associating station and a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to a non-associating station; 22. The method of claim 21 .

23. the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields, stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations, each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate the target number; 23. The method of claim 22.

24. the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields and a plurality of second user information fields, wherein stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations and stations indicated by the plurality of second user information fields are non-associated stations; each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate the target number; each of the plurality of second user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of second user information fields jointly indicate the target number; 23. The method of claim 22.

25. Identifying the target coefficient based on the target number determining the target coefficient based on the target number and historical access result information; 25. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 24.

26. The historical access result information is Whether or not a collision occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions; the probability of a collision occurring in the most recent M uplink transmissions, the probability that no collisions occurred in the last K uplink transmissions, and N, M, and K are positive integers.

26. The method of claim 25.

27. Identifying the target coefficient based on the target number and historical access result information determining an adjustment direction and an adjustment amount of a first coefficient and / or an adjustment direction and an adjustment amount of a second coefficient based on the historical random access information and the target number; an adjustment direction of the first coefficient is to increase the first coefficient or to decrease the first coefficient, and an adjustment direction of the second coefficient is to increase the second coefficient or to decrease the second coefficient; 27. The method of claim 25 or 26.

28. determining an adjustment direction and an adjustment amount of a first coefficient and / or an adjustment direction and an adjustment amount of a second coefficient based on the historical random access information and the target number; If the first condition is met, increasing the value of the first coefficient and / or decreasing the value of the second coefficient, or If the second condition is met, decreasing the value of the first coefficient and / or increasing the value of the second coefficient; 28. The method of claim 27.

29. The first condition is: No collisions occurred in the last N uplink transmissions; the number of collisions occurring in the most recent N uplink transmissions is less than a first threshold; the probability that a collision occurred in the most recent M uplink transmissions is less than a first probability threshold; the probability that no collisions occurred in the most recent K uplink transmissions is greater than a second probability threshold; at least one of:

29. The method of claim 28.

30. The second condition is: that collisions occurred in the most recent N uplink transmissions; the number of collisions occurring in the most recent N uplink transmissions is greater than a first threshold; the probability that a collision occurred in the most recent M uplink transmissions is greater than a first probability threshold; the probability that no collisions occurred in the most recent K uplink transmissions is less than a second probability threshold; at least one of:

29. The method of claim 28.

31. an adjustment amount of the first coefficient is specified according to the target number; 31. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 30.

32. When specifying that the first coefficient is to be increased, the adjusted first coefficient satisfies the following formula: α is the value of the first coefficient after adjustment, and α １ is the value of the first coefficient before adjustment, and N ｓｔａ is the target number, inc is the step size for adjusting the first coefficient, and α ｍａｘ is the maximum value of the first coefficient, 32. The method of claim 31 .

33. an adjustment amount of the first coefficient is determined in response to the target number and a number of consecutive successful uplink transmissions completed by the station; 31. The method according to any one of claims 27 to 30.

34. When specifying that the first coefficient is to be reduced, the adjusted first coefficient satisfies the following formula: α is the value of the first coefficient after adjustment, and α １ is the value of the first coefficient before adjustment, and N ｓｔａ is the target number, dec is the step size for adjusting the first coefficient, and n ｓ is the number of consecutive successful uplink transmissions completed by the station, and α ｍａｘ is the maximum value of the first coefficient, 34. The method of claim 33.

35. 1. A wireless communication method, comprising: the access point transmitting a first message to a station, the first message being used to identify a target factor, the target factor being used to identify a target back-off value for competing for a random access-resource unit (RA-RU) according to an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) back-off (OBO) mechanism; A wireless communication method comprising:

36. the first information includes the target coefficient, and the count value of the OBO counter, the target coefficient, and a first number of RUs are used to specify the target back-off value, and the first number of RUs is a number of RUs assigned to the station by the access point; 36. The method of claim 35.

37. the target coefficients include a first coefficient and / or a second coefficient, the first coefficient being used to control the number of RUs used to calculate the target back-off value, and the second coefficient being used to control a target count value used to calculate the target back-off value; 37. The method of claim 36.

38. the first coefficient and the first number of RUs are used to specify a target number of RUs, and the target back-off value is specified based on the count value of the OBO counter and the target number of RUs; 38. The method of claim 37.

39. The target backoff value is equal to a value obtained by subtracting the target number of RUs from the count value of the OBO counter.

39. The method of claim 38.

40. the target number of RUs is equal to the product of the first coefficient and the first number of RUs; 40. The method of claim 38 or 39.

41. the second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter are used to determine a target count value, and the target backoff value is determined based on the target count value and the first number of RUs; 41. The method according to any one of claims 37 to 40.

42. the target backoff value is equal to a value obtained by subtracting the first number of RUs from the target count value; 42. The method of claim 41 .

43. the target count value is equal to the product of the second coefficient and the count value of the OBO counter; 43. The method of claim 41 or 42.

44. The target coefficients are obtained by a trigger frame.

44. The method according to any one of claims 36 to 43.

45. The target coefficient is carried in a common information field in the trigger frame.

45. The method of claim 44.

46. the common information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, and the target coefficient field is used to indicate the target coefficient; 46. ​​The method of claim 45.

47. The target coefficient is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame.

45. The method of claim 44.

48. Each user information field in the trigger frame includes a target coefficient field, and the target coefficient field is used to indicate a target coefficient to be used by the station corresponding to the user information field.

48. The method of claim 47.

49. the first information includes a target number, the target number being a number of stations participating in uplink (UL) OFDMA-based random access (UORA); 49. The method according to any one of claims 35 to 48.

50. the target number includes associated stations participating in the UORA, or the target number includes associated stations and non-associated stations participating in the UORA; 50. The method of claim 49.

51. The target number is obtained from the access point.

51. The method of claim 49 or 50.

52. The target number is obtained by a trigger frame.

52. The method according to any one of claims 49 to 51.

53. the target number is carried in a common information field in the trigger frame; 53. The method of claim 52.

54. The target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame.

53. The method of claim 52.

55. the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to an associating station, or the target number is carried in a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to an associating station and a user information field in the trigger frame corresponding to a non-associating station; 55. The method of claim 54.

56. the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields, stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations, each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate the target number; 56. The method of claim 55.

57. the trigger frame includes a plurality of first user information fields and a plurality of second user information fields, wherein stations indicated by the plurality of first user information fields are associated stations and stations indicated by the plurality of second user information fields are non-associated stations; each of the plurality of first user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of first user information fields jointly indicate the target number; each of the plurality of second user information fields includes a target number field, and the target number fields in the plurality of second user information fields jointly indicate the target number; 56. The method of claim 55.

58. A station comprising a processing unit, The processing unit is configured to determine a target backoff value based on a count value of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) backoff (OBO) counter, a target coefficient, and a first number of resource units (RUs), the first number of RUs being a number of RUs allocated to the station by an access point; The processing unit is configured to contend for a random access unit (RA-RU) according to an OBO mechanism based on the target back-off value. A station characterized by:

59. An access point comprising a communication unit, The communication unit is configured to transmit a first message to a station, the first message being used to identify a target factor, the target factor being used to identify a target back-off value for competing for a random access-resource unit (RA-RU) according to an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) back-off (OBO) mechanism. An access point characterized by:

60. A station comprising a processor and a memory, the memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to call and execute the computer program stored in the memory to cause the station to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 34. A station characterized by:

61. 1. An access point comprising a processor and a memory, the memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to call and execute the computer program stored in the memory to cause the access point to perform the method of any one of claims 35 to 57. An access point characterized by:

62. A chip comprising a processor, The processor is configured to call and execute a computer program stored in the memory to cause the device equipped with the chip to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 34 or any one of claims 35 to 57. A chip characterized by:

63. 1. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising: The computer-readable storage medium is configured to store a computer program, the computer program causing a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 34 or the method according to any one of claims 35 to 57. A computer-readable storage medium comprising:

64. 1. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions, The computer program instructions cause a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 34 or the method of any one of claims 35 to 57.

1. A computer program product comprising:

65. A computer program comprising: The computer program causes a computer to carry out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 34 or the method according to any one of claims 35 to 57. A computer program characterized by:

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