eyeglass lenses

Abstract

A spectacle lens comprising an arrangement of micro-optical elements, each micro-optical element having a micro-optical axis and a micro-optical surface, the micro-optical surface having a shape exhibiting the following properties: - a first highly linear gradient defined as the gradient of the distance from a cross-section of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element in a first axial plane to a micro-optical reference radial plane perpendicular to the micro-optical axis, and - a second highly linear gradient defined as the gradient of the distance from a cross-section of the micro-optical surface of said micro-optical element in a second axial plane to a micro-optical reference radial plane perpendicular to the micro-optical axis, the first and second highly linear gradients each having a maximum absolute value greater than 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum absolute value greater than 1.5 μm / mm.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to spectacle lenses intended to be worn by an individual, which provide macro-optical functions, including spherical power, and which include micro-optical elements.

[0002] More precisely, the invention relates to spectacle lenses with a specific design for reducing the progression of myopia. [Background technology]

[0003] Myopia is characterized by the fact that the eye focuses light in front of the retina.Myopia can be caused by both genetic and environmental factors.In the latter case, it can be caused by, for example, an increase in close vision tasks, an increase in the use of digital devices such as computer and smartphone digital screens, and also a decrease in outdoor activities.

[0004] Many solutions exist that aim to reduce the progression of myopia. For example, it is known to use lenses that are placed in front of an individual's eye and have micro-optical elements that contain optical features that provide myopia progression control to manage the progression of myopia. While these solutions are functional, they can alter the subject's visual acuity. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In this regard, one object of the present invention is to provide a spectacle lens that has a good trade-off between visual acuity and myopic discomfort and progression control. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The above object is achieved according to the present invention by providing a spectacle lens comprising an arrangement of micro-optical elements, At least one of the micro-optical elements has a micro-optical axis and a micro-optical surface; the maximum value of the first high-order gradient associated with the first cross section of the micro-optical surface is greater than 1.5 μm / mm, and the minimum value of the first high-order gradient is less than −1.5 μm / mm; the maximum second high-order gradient associated with the second cross section of the micro-optical surface is greater than 1.5 μm / mm, and the minimum second high-order gradient is less than −1.5 μm / mm; The first cross section follows a first axial plane passing through the micro-optical axis, and the second cross section follows a second axial plane passing through the micro-optical axis; The first axial plane is perpendicular to the second axial plane.

[0007] In other words, one object of the invention is a spectacle lens for correcting the refractive error of an eye of an individual, said spectacle lens providing a macro-optical function having at least a spherical power and comprising an arrangement of micro-optical elements, Each micro-optical element has a micro-optical axis and a micro-optical surface, the micro-optical surface having the following properties: - a first high-order gradient defined as the gradient of a first distance from each point of a cross section of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element in a first axial plane passing through the micro-optical axis of the micro-optical element to a micro-optical reference radial plane perpendicular to the micro-optical axis, the first high-order gradient being a function of the first distance of the point to a reference axis contained in the first axial plane and parallel to the micro-optical axis of the micro-optical element; and - a second high-order gradient defined as the gradient of a third distance from each point of a cross section of the micro-optical surface of a given micro-optical element in a second axial plane passing through the micro-optical axis of the given micro-optical element to a micro-optical reference radial plane perpendicular to the micro-optical axis, the second high-order gradient being a function of the third distance of the point to a reference axis contained in the second axial plane and parallel to the micro-optical axis of the micro-optical element; and The first axial plane is perpendicular to the second axial plane, and the first and second high order gradients each have a maximum value greater than 1.5 μm / mm in absolute value and a minimum value greater than 1.5 μm / mm in absolute value.

[0008] Due to the particular design of the micro-optical elements, the resulting spectacle lenses exhibit a good trade-off between visual acuity and myopic discomfort and progression control.

[0009] According to one embodiment, The first elevation gradient is the gradient of the first distance respectively associated with the first cross-sectional point; Each of the first distances is From the first distance-related point, -Up to the micro-optical reference radial plane perpendicular to the micro-optical axis, Each of the first distances is a function of the second distances, and each of the second distances is a function of from a first cross-sectional point associated with a first distance, to a reference axis that is parallel to the micro-optical axis of the micro-optical element and that is contained in the first axial plane; The second elevation primary gradient is the gradient of the third distance, each associated with a point of the second cross section; Each of the third distances is From a point of the second cross section related to a third distance, Micro-optical reference radial planes, Each of the third distances is a function of the fourth distance, and each of the fourth distances is From the third distance point, to a reference axis that is parallel to the micro-optical axis of the micro-optical element and that is contained in the second axial plane.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the maximum value of the first altitude primary slope differs from the minimum value of the first altitude primary slope by less than 35 percent in absolute value.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the maximum value of the second altitude linear slope differs from the minimum value of the second altitude linear slope by less than 50% in absolute value.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the maximum value of the first highly linear gradient and the maximum value of the second highly linear gradient are comprised in an absolute value between 1.5 μm / mm and 10 μm / mm, for example in an absolute value between 1.5 μm / mm and 4.5 μm / mm.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the minimum value of the first highly linear gradient and the minimum value of the second highly linear gradient are comprised in an absolute value between 1.5 μm / mm and 10 μm / mm, for example in an absolute value between 1.5 μm / mm and 5 μm / mm.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the maximum value of the first altitude linear gradient differs from the maximum value of the second altitude linear gradient by 6-40% in absolute value.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the minimum value of the first altitude linear gradient differs from the minimum value of the second altitude linear gradient by 6-110% in absolute value.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the eyeglass lens includes a layer of coating covering the arrangement of micro-optical elements, the coating configured to shift the first highly linear gradient by less than 1.5 μm / mm in absolute value and the second highly linear gradient by less than 1.5 μm / mm in absolute value.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the maximum value of the first high order gradient is equal between micro-optical elements with a tolerance of 10% and / or the minimum value of the second high order gradient is equal between micro-optical elements with a tolerance of 10%.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the minimum value of the first height linear gradient is equal between micro-optical elements with a tolerance of 10% and / or the minimum value of the second height linear gradient is equal between micro-optical elements with a tolerance of 10%.

[0019] According to one embodiment, at least one of the micro-optical elements has a mean refractive power of 1 to 10 diopters.

[0020] According to one embodiment, at least one of the micro-optical elements has an average aspheric refractive power of 1 to 10 diopters.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the spectacle lens comprises a central zone, the central zone having a circular or hexagonal shape.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the micro-optical elements are arranged according to concentric rings of micro-optical elements centered in a central zone.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the spectacle lens comprises a central zone, the central zone having a circular or hexagonal form, and the micro-optical elements are arranged according to concentric rings of micro-optical elements centered on a point located in the central zone.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the micro-optical elements are continuous.

[0025] According to one embodiment, for example, if the micro-optical elements are not contiguous, the micro-optical elements are spaced apart from one another by at least 0.1 mm and / or less than 2 mm.

[0026] According to one embodiment, adjacent micro-optical elements in a first axial plane are spaced apart from one another by a first distance, and adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axial plane are spaced apart from one another by a second distance, the first distance being different from the second distance, where different means that the first distance can be higher or lower than the second distance.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first distance and / or the second distance is less than 0.05 mm. For example, if the micro-optical elements are continuous, this distance is zero or close to zero (e.g., 0.0001 mm). In one embodiment, the first distance is comprised between 0.000 mm and 2.00 mm (e.g., any value between 0.000 mm and 2.00 mm, in particular any of the following values: 0.000, 0.0001, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00).

[0028] In one embodiment, the second distance is comprised between 0.000 mm and 2.00 mm (e.g., any value between 0.000 mm and 2.00 mm, in particular including any of the following values: 0.000, 0.0001, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00).

[0029] In one embodiment, the first distance is k times the second distance, where k is in the range of 0.5 to 5.

[0030] In one embodiment, the second distance is k times the first distance, where k is in the range of 0.5 to 5.

[0031] The first and second distances are selected to have a good trade-off between visual acuity and myopic discomfort.

[0032] According to one embodiment, at least one of the micro-optical elements provides a refractive, diffractive, or diffractive optical function.

[0033] According to one embodiment, each micro-optical element provides a refractive, diffractive or diffusive micro-optical function.

[0034] According to one embodiment: A first pair of maximum values ​​of a first high-degree quadratic gradient associated with a first cross section of the micro-optical surface is each 0.060 μm / mm 2 Greater than and / or 0.200 μm / mm 2 Smaller, A first pair of maximum values ​​of the second high-order gradient associated with the second cross section of the micro-optical surface are each 0.060 μm / mm 2 Greater than and / or 0.200 μm / mm 2 Smaller than.

[0035] According to one embodiment, one maximum value of the pair of first maximum values ​​of the first elevated secondary gradient is spaced at least 0.90 mm and / or less than 3.00 mm from the other maximum value of the pair of first maximum values ​​of the first elevated secondary gradient.

[0036] According to one embodiment, one maximum value of the pair of first maximum values ​​of the second highly elevated secondary gradient is spaced at least 0.90 mm and / or less than 3.00 mm from the other maximum value of the pair of first maximum values ​​of the second highly elevated secondary gradient.

[0037] According to one embodiment, when the micro-optical elements are continuous in the first axial plane, the first highly quadratic gradient comprises a second pair of maxima and a third pair of maxima, the maxima of the second pair of maxima being spaced apart from each other by at least 0.001 mm and / or less than 0.20 mm, and the maxima of the third pair of maxima being spaced apart from each other by at least 0.001 mm and / or less than 0.20 mm.

[0038] According to one embodiment, when the micro-optical elements are continuous in the second axial plane, the second highly quadratic gradient comprises a second pair of maxima and a third pair of maxima, the maxima of the second pair of maxima being spaced apart from each other by at least 0.001 mm and / or less than 0.20 mm, and the maxima of the third pair of maxima being spaced apart from each other by at least 0.001 mm and / or less than 0.20 mm.

[0039] According to one embodiment, a norm of the high order gradient corresponding to the average gradient of the micro-optical surface defined by the first axial plane and the second axial plane, the norm being defined by the following formula:

number

[0040] According to one embodiment, the two maxima of the norm of the high linear gradient are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised between 0.80 mm and 2 mm, preferably between 0.80 mm and 1 mm.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the maximum values ​​of the norms of the high linear gradients differ from each other by 0.1% to 10%.

[0042] Because the measurements (magnitudes) of the primary and secondary elevation gradients take into account all variations in the micro-optical shapes of the micro-optical elements contained in the optical lens, the primary and secondary elevation gradients allow for more precise definition of the lens design of the micro-optical elements. Additionally, these measurements allow for control and / or consideration of other factors that are only visible in the primary and secondary elevation gradients. For example, the measurements (here, primary elevation gradient, secondary elevation gradient, etc.) can be used to account for marginal errors due to the spectacle lens manufacturing process (lens design, coating, machinery used, etc.) and / or variations in the micro-optical shapes of the micro-optical elements (e.g., micro-optical element placement, micro-optical element manufacturing process, micro-optical element recovery coating, etc.). As a result, the primary and secondary elevation gradient characteristics allow for improved control of the trade-off between visual acuity, progression control, and myopic discomfort.

[0043] Using conventional norms of high linear gradients makes it possible to define the micro-optical shapes of the micro-optical elements to obtain a better trade-off between visual acuity, progression control, and myopic discomfort.

[0044] The present invention also relates to a computer-implemented method for determining the spectacle lenses disclosed above, which spectacle lenses are intended to be worn by a wearer.

[0045] The method includes a step of defining a design for a spectacle lens. In one embodiment, the defining step includes defining the macro-optical functions of the spectacle lens, the number of micro-optical elements, then the optical characteristics of the micro-optical elements (geometry, diopter power, diameter) and additional information (density of the micro-optical elements, position on the spectacle lens, etc.).

[0046] The method includes defining a net first elevation and a net second elevation of all micro-optical elements of the spectacle lens. The net first elevation and the net second elevation can be defined by calculating a plurality of first and second axial planes for each micro-optical element to spatially scan the surface of the spectacle lens and by calculating a micro-optical plane of each micro-optical element. In one embodiment, each of the calculated first axial planes includes at least two micro-optical elements, and each of the calculated second axial planes includes at least two micro-optical elements. The first and second axial planes are each defined perpendicular to the micro-optical axis of the same micro-optical element.

[0047] Based on the net first height and net second height of each micro-optical element, the method further includes determining an optical design of the micro-optical element by calculating a first height linear gradient and a second height linear gradient, each of which is optimized to have a maximum value greater than 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value greater than 1.5 μm / mm in absolute value.

[0048] According to one embodiment, the first and second advanced primary gradients are optimized to obtain the first and second advanced primary gradients as defined above.

[0049] For example, the optical design of the micro-optical elements (e.g., the shape, size, and optical characteristics of each micro-optical element) is designed such that the first and second high linear gradients of each micro-optical element exhibit values ​​disclosed above (e.g., all values ​​disclosed for lens elements). In one embodiment, these values ​​can be based on the arrangement of the micro-optical elements (e.g., according to concentric rings or the arrangement of adjacent micro-optical elements), the use or non-use of coatings, etc.

[0050] In one embodiment, the method further includes determining an optical design of the micro-optical element based on the first and second high-order gradients by calculating a first high-order gradient (based on the first high-order gradient) and a second high-order gradient (based on the second high-order gradient). For example, the optical design of the micro-optical element is designed such that a micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element has first and second high-order gradients exhibiting values ​​disclosed above (e.g., values ​​disclosed for a lens element).

[0051] In one embodiment, the method includes determining an optical design of the micro-optical element based on a conventional norm of high order gradients as disclosed in this disclosure.

[0052] For example, in a method according to the present disclosure, the conventional norm of the first order elevation gradient and / or the second order elevation gradient and / or the first order elevation gradient is optimized using an optimization algorithm so that the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element has the conventional norm of the first order elevation gradient and / or the second order elevation gradient and / or the first order elevation gradient as disclosed in the present disclosure.

[0053] According to one embodiment, the spectacle lens is intended to be worn by a wearer.

[0054] According to one embodiment, the spectacle lenses are corrective spectacle lenses.

[0055] According to one embodiment, the lens element design provided by the method disclosed above corresponds to the lens design of the lens element intended to be worn by the wearer.

[0056] According to one embodiment, the computer-implemented method disclosed above is typically used to manufacture eyeglass lenses (i.e., physical lens elements). For example, the method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses includes: - determining a design for the lens element using the computer-implemented method disclosed above; - manufacturing the lens element based on the design; Includes:

[0057] Detailed explanation of the example The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, will clarify what constitutes the present invention and how it can be achieved. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings. Thus, when features recited in a claim are followed by reference signs, it will be understood that such signs are included solely to improve comprehension of the claim and do not limit its scope. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0058] [Figure 1] 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a pair of eyeglasses including a pair of lenses according to the present disclosure. [Figure 2] 1 shows a schematic axial cutaway view of a spectacle lens according to the present disclosure; [Figure 3A] 2 shows a first schematic enlarged axial cutaway view of a portion of the spectacle lens shown in FIG. 1, showing the micro-optical elements in more detail; [Figure 3B] 2 shows a second schematic enlarged axial cutaway view of a portion of the spectacle lens shown in FIG. 1, showing the micro-optical elements in more detail. [Figure 4] 1 shows a front view of a first example of a spectacle lens according to the present disclosure when projected onto a face plane perpendicular to the major axis of the spectacle lens. [Figure 5] 5 shows an enlarged view of a portion of the eyeglass lens shown in FIG. 4. [Figure 6]1 shows a graphical representation of the calculated net first altitude of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements, in a first axial plane passing through the micro-optical axes of the micro-optical elements. [Figure 7] 1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated net second elevation of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axial plane passing through the micro-optical axes of the micro-optical elements and perpendicular to the first axial plane. [Figure 8] 1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated first high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a first axial plane, the two micro-optical elements being covered by a coating. [Figure 9] 1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated second high-degree linear gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in an indicated second axial plane, the two micro-optical elements being covered with a coating. [Figure 10] 1 shows a graphical representation of the conventional norm of the calculated high-degree linear gradient of the determined micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element in a first and second axial plane, the micro-optical element being covered by a coating. [Figure 11] 1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a first axial plane, the two micro-optical elements being covered by a coating. [Figure 12] 1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated second high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axial plane, the two micro-optical elements being covered by a coating. [Figure 13] 1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated first high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a first axial plane, the two micro-optical elements not including a coating. [Figure 14]1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated second high-degree linear gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axial plane, the two micro-optical elements not including a coating. [Figure 15] 1 shows a graphical representation of calculated conventional elevation-based linear gradients of a determined micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element in a first and second axial plane, said micro-optical element not including a coating. [Figure 16] 1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a first axial plane, the two micro-optical elements not including a coating. [Figure 17] 1 shows a graphical representation of a calculated second elevation quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axis, the two micro-optical elements not including a coating. [Figure 18] 1 shows an enlarged view of a second example of an eyeglass lens according to the present disclosure. [Figure 19] 19 shows a graphical representation of a calculated first high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of a spectacle lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements on a first axis, according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, wherein the two micro-optical elements are covered by a coating. [Figure 20] 19 shows a graphical representation of a calculated second high-degree linear gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axial plane, according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, wherein the two micro-optical elements are covered with a coating. [Figure 21] 19 shows a graphical representation of the calculated conventional elevation-based linear gradient of the determined micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element in the first and second axial planes according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, wherein the micro-optical element is covered by a coating. [Figure 22]19 shows a graphical representation of the calculated first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements determined in a first axial plane as shown in FIG. 18, wherein the two micro-optical elements are covered by a coating. [Figure 23] 19 shows a graphical representation of a calculated second high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axial plane, according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, wherein the two micro-optical elements are covered with a coating. [Figure 24] 19 shows a graphical representation of the calculated first high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a first axial plane, according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, wherein the two micro-optical elements do not include any coating. [Figure 25] 19 shows a graphical representation of a calculated second high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axial plane, according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, wherein the two micro-optical elements do not include any coating. [Figure 26] 19 shows a graphical representation of the calculated conventional elevation-based linear gradient of the determined micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element in the first and second axial planes according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, the micro-optical element not including a coating. [Figure 27] 19 shows a graphical representation of the calculated first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a first axial plane, according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, wherein the two micro-optical elements do not include any coating. [Figure 28] 19 shows a graphical representation of the calculated second elevation quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements in a second axial plane, according to the second example shown in FIG. 18, wherein the two micro-optical elements do not include any coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0059] 1-5 show a spectacle lens 10 according to the present disclosure.

[0060] The spectacle lens 10 is here a concave lens having a convex front surface 11 and a concave rear surface 12, but may alternatively be a concave-convex or plano-convex lens.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 1, two similar spectacle lenses 10, a right spectacle lens 10R and a left spectacle lens 10L, are fitted to the right eye E of a wearer. R and left eye E L The device is intended to be attached to the frame 20 of the eyeglasses so that it is positioned in front of the eyeglasses.

[0062] The spectacle lens 10 shown in FIG. 2 has two opposing optical surfaces, a front surface 11 facing the object side and a rear surface 12 facing the wearer's eye E. R , E L The spectacle lens 10 presents a center V10, which is typically the optical or geometric center of the spectacle lens 10.

[0063] The eyeglass lens 10 has an optical design that includes macro-optical and micro-optical components.

[0064] The macro-optical component of the optical design (also referred to as "macro-optical design") provides a macro-optical function that provides at least one overall refractive power over most or all of the useful radial width of the spectacle lens 10, providing the wearer's eye with a refractive correction that is adapted to the wearer's refractive needs in the wearing condition. For example, this macro-optical function is provided by the geometry of the front surface 11 or the back surface 12 or both surfaces, typically by adapting the radius of curvature of one or both surfaces of the spectacle lens. The refractive power of the spectacle lens 10 is generally comprised within ±15 diopters.

[0065] The refractive power provided by the macro-optical design includes at least a spherical power, and may also include a cylindrical power and a prism deviation power depending on the wearer's corrective needs as determined by an eye care professional to correct the wearer's vision defects. Typically, the overall refractive power corresponds to the refractive correction based on the wearer's prescription, for example, under standard wearing conditions. For example, a prescription for a wearer with refractive error includes a value for the refractive power and a value for astigmatism, including the axis of distance vision and / or near vision.

[0066] The spectacle lenses defined according to the present disclosure are adapted to correct the vision of an individual (i.e., a wearer) in a wearing condition. The wearing condition should be understood as the position of the spectacle lens 10 in the spectacle frame 20 worn by the wearer in front of his / her eye. The wearing condition is defined according to the physiological parameters of the wearer or the geometric parameters of the frame 20 when the frame 20 is worn by the wearer. The wearing condition includes the angle of forward tilt during wearing, the cornea-lens distance, the pupil-cornea distance, the eye rotation center (ERC)-pupillary distance, and the wrap angle. Figure 1 shows a pair of spectacle lenses numbered 10R and 10L. The spectacle lens 10R is positioned in front of the wearer's right eye E. R The spectacle lens 10L is worn in front of the wearer's left eye E L It is worn in front of the eye.

[0067] An example of a standard wearing condition may be defined by a wearing angle of anteversion of -8° for adults or 0° to 5° for children, a cornea-lens distance of 12 mm, a pupil-cornea distance of 2 mm, an ERC-pupillary distance of 11.5 mm, and a wrap angle of 0°.

[0068] The wearer's forward tilt angle is the angle in the vertical plane between the normal to the rear surface 12 of the spectacle lens 10 and the visual axis of the eye in its primary position (axis A), defined as the horizontal direction when the wearer gazes straight ahead at infinity.

[0069] The cornea-lens distance is the distance along the visual axis of the eye E at its primary position between the cornea and the posterior surface 12 of the spectacle lens 10 .

[0070] The wrap angle of the eyeglass frame 20 is the angle in the horizontal plane between the normal to the posterior surface 12 of the lens at the center of the lens and the sagittal plane.

[0071] The micro-optical components of the optical design (also called "micro-optical design") of the spectacle lens 10 are made up of several micro-optical elements 13 arranged on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the lens, preferably on the convex front surface.

[0072] Each micro-optical element has its own optical function and has small dimensions of less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1 mm. Each micro-optical element is, for example, a microlens, a pyramidal Fresnel lens, a prism, a diffuser, a beam splitter, or a diffraction grating. Micro-optical elements are typically formed by photolithography, holography, molding, machining, or encapsulation. Micro-optical elements can be spherical (or at least approximately spherical except for portions containing spherical aberration) or aspherical.

[0073] This arrangement of all micro-optical elements provides a micro-optical function that is separate from and complementary to the macro-optical function. Thus, the overall optical function of the spectacle lens 10 is the sum of its macro-optical function and its micro-optical function, provided respectively by the macro-optical and micro-optical components of its optical design. The micro-optical function of the spectacle lens 10 is the optical function that would be provided by the spectacle lens 10 without its macro-optical design, i.e., without the overall refractive power across most or all of the useful radial width of the spectacle lens 10. The macro-optical function of the spectacle lens 10 is the optical function that would be provided by the spectacle lens 10 without its micro-optical design, i.e., without the micro-optical elements.

[0074] Each micro-optical element provides a refractive, diffractive, or diffusing function.

[0075] In one embodiment, some or all of the micro-optical elements are refractive micro-optical elements. Each refractive micro-optical element can include a monofocal or bifocal spherical diopter power.

[0076] In another embodiment, some or all of the micro-optical elements are diffractive. Each diffractive micro-optical element comprises, for example, a diffractive pi-Fresnel micro-lens. The diffractive pi-Fresnel micro-lens has a phase function exhibiting a π phase jump at a nominal wavelength λ, which is preferably 550 nm for human eye vision applications. The diffractive pi-Fresnel micro-lens exhibits an optical axis passing through the optical center of the micro-lens. A micro-lens having a diffractive pi-Fresnel micro-optical element diffracts light primarily in two diffraction orders associated with two diopter powers, P(λ) and P(λ). Thus, when receiving collimated light, the micro-lens focuses the light into two distinct regions on its axis.

[0077] For example, the diopter power P0(λ0) is in addition to the sphere power of the given refractive power of the spectacle lens, derived for example from the wearer's prescription, plus a range of + / −0.12 diopters.

[0078] According to one embodiment, the power P1(λ0) is comprised in absolute value between 1 diopter and 10 diopters. Preferably, the diopter power P1(λ0) is comprised between ±2 diopters and ±6 diopters.

[0079] Optionally, all or some of the micro-optical elements are diffractive micro-optical elements. Each diffractive micro-optical element includes a diffusive micro-optical element that scatters light. For example, collimated light is scattered in a cone with an apex angle ranging from ±1° to ±40°. In one example, the diffusive micro-optical element is adapted to scatter light locally, i.e., at the intersection between a given micro-optical element and the wavefront reaching the given micro-optical element. Micro-optical elements with diffusive optical functionality can be similar to the micro-optical elements described in U.S. Pat. No. 10,302,962.

[0080] Each micro-optical element 13 has a micro-optical axis Cm. Typically, the micro-optical axis Cm of a given micro-optical element corresponds to the axis of rotation or the optical axis of the micro-optical element.

[0081] In the example shown, all micro-optical elements 13 are arranged on the front surface 11 of the spectacle lens 10 .

[0082] Alternatively, all or some of the micro-optical elements can be arranged on the rear surface 12 or on both the front surface 11 and the rear surface 12 of the spectacle lens 10 .

[0083] Alternatively, all or part of the micro-optical elements can be embedded in the thickness of the spectacle lens between the front and rear surfaces of the spectacle lens.

[0084] In practice, the micro-optical elements are formed either as a single, integral part with the rest of the spectacle lens (typically by injection molding, press molding, rolling, or machining), or alternatively on a film (forming a patch or laminate) applied to one or both of the front surface 11 and back surface 12 of the spectacle lens 10.

[0085] The spectacle lens 10 is arranged to control myopia progression.

[0086] In a non-limiting example, the arrangement of micro-optical elements 13 of the spectacle lens 10 has optical characteristics that provide myopia progression control to the wearer's eye. In other words, the micro-optical elements 13 of the spectacle lens 10 have respective optical characteristics that are adapted to control myopia progression.

[0087] According to one embodiment, the arrangement of the micro-optical elements of the spectacle lens is adapted to provide a particular spatial distribution of blur, also called defocus effect. To this end, the micro-optical elements comprise micro-lenses that provide a refractive power different from that of the macro-optical components of the optical design of the spectacle lens 10.

[0088] With respect to the macro-optical design of the spectacle lens, the virtual macro-optical front surface 39 is defined as the front surface that causes the spectacle lens to provide only its macro-optical functions, excluding its micro-optical functions, or in other words, that corresponds only to the macro-optical components of the optical design of the spectacle lens, excluding the micro-optical components.

[0089] First example A first example of a spectacle lens 10 according to the present disclosure is disclosed with reference to FIGS.

[0090] The spectacle lens 10 shown in Figure 4 does not have any micro-optical elements and comprises a central zone 14 with a circular contour 17, for example with a radius of 4 mm, centred on the ophthalmic centre V10 of the spectacle lens 10. In variants, the contour of the central zone 14 may assume another shape, such as a polygon (in particular a hexagon) or an ellipse.

[0091] The spectacle lens 10 further comprises a first peripheral zone 15 disposed around the central zone 14 and a second peripheral zone 16 disposed around the first peripheral zone 15 .

[0092] In the example of Figure 4, the arrangement of micro-optical elements 13 of the spectacle lens 10 is arranged on a first peripheral zone 15. A second peripheral zone 16 does not contain any micro-optical elements.

[0093] First or second "peripheral zone" refers to a specific area of ​​the spectacle lens.

[0094] The second peripheral zone 16 of the spectacle lens 10 is arranged to be fixed to a spectacle frame.

[0095] The central zone 14, the first peripheral zone 15, and the second peripheral zone 16 are concentric. They are centered at the optical center of the spectacle lens 10. The first peripheral zone 15 surrounds the central zone 14 and is bounded on the inside by the circular outline 17 of the central zone 14 and on the outside by a circular outline 18. The second peripheral zone 16 surrounds the first peripheral zone 15 and is bounded on the inside by the circular outline 18 of the first peripheral zone 15 and on the outside by a circular outline 19 that coincides with the outer edge of the spectacle lens 10.

[0096] In a non-limiting example, the circular contour 17 (which is the outer contour of the central zone 14 and the inner contour of the first peripheral zone 15) exhibits a radius of 2.00 mm to 5 mm (e.g., any value between 2.00 mm and 5.00 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00, 3.10, 3.20, 3.30, 3.40, 3.50, 3.60, 3.70, 3.80, 3.90, 4.00, 4.10, 4.20, 4.30, 4.40, 4.50, 4.60, 4.70, 4.80, 4.90, 5.00), preferably a radius of 3 to 4.5 mm.

[0097] Preferably, the contour 18 (which is the outer contour of the first peripheral zone 15 and the inner contour of the second peripheral zone 16) presents a diameter between 40.00 mm and 80.00 mm (for example, any value between 40.00 mm and 80.00 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 40.00, 45.00, 50.00, 55.00, 60.00, 65.00, 70.00, 75.00, 80.00), preferably between 50.00 mm and 70.00 mm. It is, for example, a diameter of 60.00 mm. The outer circular contour 19 of the second peripheral zone 16 (which is the outer edge of the spectacle lens) presents a diameter of 80.00 mm to 100.00 mm (for example, any value between 80.00 mm and 100.00 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 80.00, 85.00, 90.00, 95.00, 100.000), preferably a diameter of 70.00 mm, as shown in FIG. 7.

[0098] 4, the micro-optical elements 13 are arranged according to concentric rings of adjacent micro-optical elements 13, each centered at the center of the central zone 14, which coincides with the center V10 of the spectacle lens 10. Each ring is spaced 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm from each adjacent ring (e.g., any value between 1.00 mm and 1.50 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 1.00, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50). Here, each ring is spaced 1.00 mm from its adjacent ring.

[0099] The micro-optical elements 13 have a diameter, when projected onto the facial plane (perpendicular to the major axis of the contact lens), that is fixed at 0.3 mm to 2.00 mm (e.g., any value between 0.3 mm and 2.00 mm, including, for example, any of the following values: 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00).

[0100] In this example, the eyeglass lens includes a number of micro-optical elements that can be defined using the density of the arrangement of the micro-optical elements.

[0101] In the present disclosure, the density of micro-optical elements over a given zone of a lens element can be defined as the ratio between the total surface of the micro-optical elements and the area of ​​the given zone, where the given zone corresponds to a zone containing micro-optical elements, for example corresponding to a first peripheral zone of a spectacle lens.

[0102] According to one embodiment, the density of the micro-optical elements in the first peripheral zone of the spectacle lens is at least 30%, typically - if the micro-optical elements are not continuous, they are comprised between 30% and 50% (including any value 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, etc.) or between 40% and 50%; - If the micro-optical elements are continuous, they are between 60% and 100% (including any value of 65%, 70%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, etc.), or between 70% and 100%, or between 80% and 100%.

[0103] In this example, the density of the micro-optical elements is comprised between 30% and 60%, here between 30% and 50%.

[0104] In this example, all of the micro-optical elements of the spectacle lens 10 are identical. Each micro-optical element 13 exhibits an aspherical mean refractive power of 4.5 diopters (in addition to the mean macro-refractive power of the spectacle lens), a diameter of 1.12 mm, and a mean radius of curvature of 131.3 mm. In the example shown in Figure 7, the micro-optical elements have a diameter of 1.12 mm and exhibit a mean radius of curvature of 131.3 mm.

[0105] In another embodiment, micro-optical elements belonging to the same ring exhibit the same refractive power. However, the optical mean refractive power of micro-optical elements belonging to different rings may vary, for example, between ±0.1 diopters and ±4 diopters between two adjacent rings. Typically, the micro-optical elements of the spectacle lens 10 exhibit a mean refractive power of +4.5 diopters (considering all micro-optical elements of the spectacle lens). In other words, in these embodiments, the micro-optical elements of the spectacle lens 10 may have different aspherical mean powers. For example, a micro-optical element located near the center of the spectacle lens has an aspherical mean refractive power that differs in absolute value by approximately 2 diopters from one of the micro-optical elements located near the edge of the spectacle lens.

[0106] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, each micro-optical element 13 has a micro-optical surface. By micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element is meant the surface that bounds the micro-optical element and on which light rays are refracted. In the following disclosure, the shape (i.e., geometrical characteristics) of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element is studied in a reference radial plane perpendicular to the micro-optical axis of the considered micro-optical element (first axial plane 23, referenced 21a for micro-optical elements 13a and 13b represented in Figures 2 and 3A, respectively). ,23 and 21b ,23 Each micro-optical reference radial plane is tangential to the virtual macro-optical front surface 39 and is therefore defined relative to the local vertex Ap (in the first axial plane 23) of the virtual macro-optical front surface 39. 23 or Ap if the micro-optical element is studied in the second axial plane 24 24 As a result, there are as many micro-optical reference radial planes as there are micro-optical elements 13. Each micro-optical reference radial plane is perpendicular to the micro-optical axis of a given micro-optical element.

[0107] The shape of the spectacle lens 10 or the zones is not limited to the examples shown in the drawings.

[0108] With reference to Figures 2, 3A, 3B, 5, 6 and 7, the technical features of the micro-optical surface 22 of the micro-optical element 13 are disclosed.

[0109] The geometrical features of the micro-optical surfaces 22 of the micro-optical elements 13 of the spectacle lens 10 are disclosed in cross-section in two axial planes, namely a first axial plane 23 and a second axial plane 24 .

[0110] 5 is an enlarged view showing four adjacent micro-optical elements 13a, 13b, 13c, and 13d. A first axial plane 23 is perpendicular to a second axial plane 24. The first axial plane 23 passes through the micro-optical axis Cm_a of the micro-optical element 13a, the micro-optical axis Cm_b of the micro-optical element 13b, and the ophthalmic center of the spectacle lens 10 (since the rings of the spectacle lens 10 are concentric). The micro-optical element 13b relates to a ring of micro-optical elements that internally surrounds the ring to which the micro-element 13a relates. Micro-optical element 13b is spaced (edge ​​to edge) from micro-optical element 13a by 1.00 to 1.50 mm (e.g., any value between 1.00 mm and 1.50 mm, including any of the following values: 1.00, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.20, 1.25, 1.30, 1.35, 1.40, 1.45, 1.50). This distance may also be referred to as the first distance. Here, this distance is adapted to the spacing between adjacent rings. Selecting this distance range allows for a good trade-off between visual acuity and myopic discomfort.

[0111] The second axial plane 24 shown in Fig. 5 passes through the optical axis Cm_a of the micro-optical element 13a and the micro-optical axis Cm_c of the micro-optical element 13c. The micro-optical element 13c is connected to the micro-optical element 13a in the same ring of micro-optical elements as the micro-optical element 13a. In other words, the micro-optical element 13a is in contact with the micro-optical element 13c, and their respective edges are tangential. The distance between the micro-optical elements 13a and 13c (called the second distance) is zero or close to zero.

[0112] This is defined as a first Cartesian reference coordinate system (O1, x1, y1, z1), where: - axis x1 is aligned with the micro-optical reference radial plane 21a ,23 and is contained in the first axial plane 23 (the value given along the axis x1 relates to the second distance), - axis y1 is aligned with the reference radial plane 21a ,23 is contained in and perpendicular to the axis x1, The axis z1 is consequently parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm_a and parallel to the reference radial plane 21a ,23 (the value given along the axis z1 relates to the first distance), The origin O1 is located in the middle of the ring of optical elements that includes the micro-optical element 13a of interest and of the ring of optical elements that surrounds the outside of the ring of optical elements to which the micro-optical element 13a relates.

[0113] This is defined as a second Cartesian reference frame (O2, x2, y2, z2), where: - axis x2 is aligned with the micro-optical reference radial plane 21a ,24 and is included in the second axial plane 24 (the value given along the axis x2 relates to the fourth distance), - axis y2 is aligned with the reference radial plane 21a ,24 is contained in and perpendicular to the axis x2, The axis z2 is consequently parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm_a and is aligned with the reference radial plane 21a ,24 (the value given along the axis z2 relates to the third distance), - the origin O2 is located at the junction of the edge of the micro-optical element 13a and the edge of the micro-optical element 13d relative to the same ring of micro-optical elements to which the micro-optical element 13a belongs, the micro-optical element 13a being between the micro-optical elements 13c and 13d;

[0114] FIG. 6 shows a graphical representation 1001 of the net first altitude of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of a spectacle lens including two adjacent micro-optical elements 13 a , 13 b in a first axial plane 23 .

[0115] The graph representation 1001 gives: - the net first altitude zn1 of each point 37 of the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22a, 22b of the micro-optical element 13a, 13b in the first axial plane 23 passing through the micro-optical axes Cm_a, Cm_b of the micro-optical element 13a, 13b, in the ordinate; - as a function of the abscissa x1 of the point 37 under consideration.

[0116] The cross section Sa of the micro-optical surfaces 22a and 22b ,23 , Sb ,23 It is understood that the abscissa along the axis x1 of the considered point 37 is the distance (here the second distance) of this point relative to the reference axis z1 (contained in the first axial plane 23 and parallel to the micro-optical axes Cm_a, Cm_b of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13b).

[0117] The net first altitude zn1 of each considered point 37 of the cross section of each micro-optical surface 22a, 22b in the first axial plane 23 is defined as: - a net first altitude of the considered point 37 of the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22a, 22b, defined as the ordinate along the axis z1 of that considered point. - from here, the micro-optical reference radial plane 21a ,23 , 21b ,23 and a virtual point 38 of the cross section of the virtual macro-optical front surface 39 (as shown in FIG. 3A ). 23 and the corresponding imaginary point 38 has the same abscissa as the considered point 37 of the cross section of the micro-optical surface.

[0118] The cross section Sa of the micro-optical surfaces 22a and 22b ,23 , Sb ,23 The ordinate along the axis z1 of the considered point 37 is the coordinate from this point 37 to the reference axis x1 and therefore to the micro-optical reference radial plane 21a ,23 It is understood that the distance to (here, the first distance) is the distance to

[0119] In FIG. 6, the portion of the spectacle lens 10 that does not contain micro-optical elements exhibits a net height zn1 equal to −0.3 μm.

[0120] This net altitude value is from a cross section of the imaginary macro optical surface 39 of the spectacle lens 10 in the first axial plane 23 - Micro-optical reference radial plane 21a ,23 of the virtual distance to - maximum value dv at point I on edge Ea of micro-optical surface 22a of micro-optical element 13a max23 Corresponds to.

[0121] In this example, the graphical representation 1001 of the net first altitude exhibits negative values ​​due to the curvature of the spectacle lens as explained above.

[0122] The micro-optical elements 13a, 13b shown in the graphical representation shown in Fig. 6 exhibit rotational symmetry around their own micro-optical axes Cm (Cm_a, Cm_b). The micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a exhibits a maximum value 25 higher than 0.9 micrometers. Typically, the cross section Sa of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23 ,23 The maximum value 25 of the micro-optical surface 22a is 1.2 micrometers. Similarly, the micro-optical surface 22b of the micro-optical element 13b exhibits a maximum value 26 in the first axial face 23 that is higher than 0.9 micrometers. Typically, the maximum value 26 of the micro-optical surface 22b of the micro-optical element 13b is 1.05 micrometers in the first axial face 23. It can be seen that the maximum value 25 of the micro-optical surface 22a is higher than the maximum value 26 of the micro-optical surface 22b of the micro-optical element 22b (approximately 0.15 μm).

[0123] FIG. 7 shows a graphical representation 1002 of the net second altitude of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of a spectacle lens comprising two adjacent micro-optical elements 13 a , 13 c in a second axial plane 24 .

[0124] The graph representation 1002 gives: - in the ordinate, the cross section Sa of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22c of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13c in a second axial plane 24 perpendicular to the first axial plane 23 and passing through the micro-optical axes Cm_a, Cm_c of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13c ,24 The net second altitude zn2 of each point 9, - as a function of the abscissa x2 of the point 9 under consideration.

[0125] Cross section Sa of the micro-optical surfaces 22a and 22c,24 It is understood that the abscissa along the axis x2 of the considered point 9 is the distance (here the fourth distance) from this point to the reference axis z2 (contained in the second axial plane 24 and parallel to the micro-optical axes Cm_a, Cm_c of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13c).

[0126] The cross section Sa of the micro-optical surfaces 22a and 22c in the second axial plane 24 ,24 The net second altitude zn2 of each consideration point 9 is defined as follows: - the net second altitude of the considered point, defined as the ordinate along the axis z2 of the considered point on the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22a, 22c, - from there, the micro-optical reference radial plane 21a ,24 , 21c ,24 a first virtual distance d defined for each point 9 considered as the distance between the virtual point of the cross section of the virtual macro-optical front surface 39 and the virtual point of the cross section of the virtual macro-optical front surface 39 v24 and the corresponding virtual point has the same abscissa as the considered point 9 of the cross section of the micro-optical surface.

[0127] The ordinate along the axis z2 of the considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22c is the coordinate from this point to the reference axis x2 and therefore to the micro-optical reference radial plane 21a ,24 It is understood that this is the distance to

[0128] In FIG. 7, the portion of the spectacle lens 10 that does not contain micro-optical elements exhibits a net height zn2 equal to −0.3 μm.

[0129] This net altitude value is from a cross section of the virtual macro optical surface 39 of the spectacle lens 10 in the second axial plane 24 - Micro-optical reference radial plane 21a ,24 to of the virtual distance, - maximum value dv at point L on edge Ea of micro-optical surface 22a of micro-optical element 13a max24 Corresponds to.

[0130] Reference radial plane 21a ,23 and 21a ,24 may refer to the same radial plane 21 depending on the curvature of the spectacle lens 10.

[0131] The cross-section (graphical representation 1002) of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a shown in Figure 7 exhibits a maximum value 27 higher than 0.9 micrometers. Typically, the maximum value 27 of the cross-section of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24 is 1.2 μm. The cross-section of the micro-optical surface 22c of the micro-optical element 13c shown in graphical representation 1002 is similar to the cross-section of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24. It exhibits a maximum value 28 of 1.2 micrometers.

[0132] The micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13b, and 13c will be described with reference to the technical features of FIGS.

[0133] Primary dimensions of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element covered by a coating In the examples disclosed with reference to Figures 8 to 12, the measurements are carried out by taking into account coatings (e.g. hard coatings and / or anti-reflection coatings and / or UV protection coatings, etc.) located on the arrangement of micro-optical elements 13, said coatings having a thickness of 100 nm to 10 μm, for example 250 nm or 3 μm.

[0134] The front surface of the spectacle lens, and in particular the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22b, 22c of the micro-optical elements, exhibits a highly linear gradient.

[0135] The primary altitude gradient in the first axial plane 23 is called the first primary altitude gradient. The primary altitude gradient in the second axial plane 24 is called the second primary altitude gradient.

[0136] The first altitude linear gradient and the second altitude linear gradient are calculated as described below.

[0137] First, three-dimensional information of the spectacle lens 10 is identified, including the shapes of the rear surface 11 and the front surface 12, the thickness of the spectacle lens 10 defined between the rear surface and the front surface, and the base curve of the spectacle lens 10. In addition, the three-dimensional information of the spectacle lens includes three-dimensional information regarding the shapes of the micro-optical elements 13, such as the position of each micro-optical element in the spectacle lens (even if the micro-optical elements 13 are encapsulated in a coating or embedded in the thickness of the spectacle lens between its front and rear surfaces), curvature, diameter, etc.

[0138] In addition, the macro-optical components of the optical design of the spectacle lens 10 are removed from the overall shape of the spectacle lens 10. This means that the overall refractive power as well as the geometry of the back and front surfaces of the spectacle lens 10 are removed. For example, the macro-optical components can be modeled with a parametric model using spherical equations of the macro-optical components of the spectacle lens, complex polynomials of the macro-optical components of the spectacle lens, Zernike polynomials of the macro-optical components of the spectacle lens, or other methods of simulating the macro-optical functions of the spectacle lens 10. The parametric model is then subtracted from the overall shape of the spectacle lens 10 to provide a reference radial plane on which the micro-optical elements 13 are positioned.

[0139] Finally, the roughness of the micro-optical elements obtained in the three-dimensional information of the spectacle lens is removed to retain only the geometric shape of the micro-optical elements 13. For example, a fast Fourier transform of the front surface 11 of the spectacle lens including the micro-optical elements 13 is determined and a filtering operation is performed.

[0140] Typically, the filtering operation is determined by calculating the convolution of a three-dimensional signal f(x,y,z) with a door function h(x,y,z) in the spatial domain. The three-dimensional signal (which is actually a numerical data file) represents a three-dimensional modeling of the front surface of the eyeglass lens, including the micro-optical elements 13. The filtering operation is performed in the spectral domain. The high-order gradient is calculated by the following formula:

number

number

[0141] To simplify the computation, the three-dimensional signal f(x, y, z) is calculated only in certain planes, namely the first axial plane 23 and the second axial plane 24. Thus, when the three-dimensional signal is calculated in the first axial plane 23, it is defined according to a reference coordinate system (O1, x1, y1, z1), and when the signal is calculated in the second axial plane 24, it is defined according to a reference coordinate system (O2, x2, y2, z2).

[0142] The purpose of the filtering is to reduce the roughness without changing the geometry of the micro-optical elements in order to calculate the high order first and second derivatives, as will be disclosed below.

[0143] The spatial frequencies are then filtered using a threshold value corresponding to the inverse of the diameter of the micro-optical element 13 divided by a numerical constant. The numerical constant is comprised between 1 and 20 and depends on the accuracy of the measurements of the previously determined three-dimensional information. For example, when using conventional tactile surface measurement equipment or non-contact equipment, the numerical constant is equal to 10.

[0144] An inverse Fourier transform is then calculated based on the results of the filtering operation to calculate a first height linear gradient and a second height linear gradient.

[0145] The first altitude linear gradient is calculated by the first derivative of the net first altitude, and the second altitude linear gradient is calculated by the first derivative of the net second altitude. The first derivatives of the net first altitude and the net second altitude are calculated by processes known to those skilled in the art.

[0146] For example, a three-dimensional signal f(x, y, z) is defined on a pixel matrix with the first dimension given along the x-axis and the second dimension given along the y-axis. An effective lateral resolution is defined. Typically, the effective lateral resolution is the lateral distance between the centers of two superpixels. This is set to, for example, 5 pixels. The effective lateral resolution can determine the integration length (IL). The integration length depends on the pixel size and the effective lateral resolution. Here, if the pixel size is 3 μm and the integration length is 5 pixels, it is equal to 15 μm.

[0147] For each pixel, the first altitude first order gradient (FAFOG) for a given pixel (p1) is determined according to the following formula:

number

number

number

[0148] Similarly, the second altitude first order gradient (SAFOG) of a given pixel (p1) is determined based on the net second altitude value of the given pixel, the net second altitude value of a fifth pixel located after the given pixel p1 (or before the given pixel p1 if the given pixel p1 is near the edge of the matrix) along the second dimension (y-axis) of the matrix, and the integration length (IL).

[0149] 8 and 9 show graphical representations of the first and second high order gradients obtained as disclosed above.

[0150] FIG. 8 shows a graphical representation 1003 of a first high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of a spectacle lens with adjacent micro-optical elements 13 a, 13 b in a first axial plane 23, referred to as a first gradient curve 1003.

[0151] The first gradient curve 1003 includes: a first portion 1003a corresponding to a first linear gradient of the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23; and a second portion 1003b corresponding to a first linear gradient of the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22b of the micro-optical element 13b in the first axial plane 23;

[0152] The first altitude linear gradient of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22b of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13b is the first derivative (z n1 It is understood that the abscissa along the axis x1 of a considered point 37 of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22b is the distance from this point to the reference axis z1 (contained in the first axial plane 23 and parallel to the micro-optical axes Cm_a, Cm_b of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13b).

[0153] A first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 shows a maximum value 29 above 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value 30 above 1.5 μm / mm or below −1.5 μm / mm in absolute value.

[0154] Specifically, in this example, the maximum value 29 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 is greater than 2.0 μm / mm, which here is equal to 3.31 μm / mm. The minimum value 30 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm or less than −3.0 μm / mm, specifically less than −3.48 μm / mm, in absolute value. Thus, the maximum value 29 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 differs from the minimum value 30 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 by less than 10 percent in absolute value.

[0155] The second portion 1003b of the first gradient curve 1003 exhibits a maximum value 31 and a minimum value 32. The maximum value 31 of the second portion 1003b of the first gradient curve 1003 is greater than 1.5 μm / mm, and the minimum value 32 of the second portion 1003b of the first gradient curve 1003 is greater than 1.5 μm / mm or less than −1.5 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the maximum value 31 is 3.09 μm / mm, and the minimum value 32 is 3.11 in absolute value.

[0156] Typically, in the first axial plane 23, the maximum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical elements arranged in a ring of micro-optical elements differs by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm) from the maximum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical elements arranged in an adjacent ring of micro-optical elements, wherein the maximum value 29 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 differs by 0.22 μm / mm from the maximum value 31 of the second portion 1003b of the first gradient curve 1003.

[0157] Typically, in the first axial plane 23, the minimum of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical elements arranged in a ring of micro-optical elements differs in absolute value from the minimum of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical elements arranged in an adjacent ring of micro-optical elements by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm), where the minimum 30 of the first portion 1003 a of the first gradient curve 1003 differs in absolute value from the minimum 32 of the second portion 1003 b of the first gradient curve 1003 by 0.37 μm / mm (−0.37 μm / mm).

[0158] The first portion 1003a and the second portion 1003b of the first gradient curve 1003 exhibit similar variations, and therefore, for the sake of brevity, only the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 is disclosed in the following paragraphs.

[0159] The first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 includes a subportion 33 defined between a minimum point 34 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 and a zero point 35 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003. In this example, the minimum value 34 defining the first subportion 33 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 is similar to the minimum value 30 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003. The zero point 35 defining the subportion 33 corresponds to the zero value of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003. In FIG. 8 , a segment 36 is defined between the minimum point 34 and the zero point 35 of the subportion 33 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003. The subportion 33 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 is located above the segment 36.

[0160] FIG. 9 shows a graphical representation 1004 of a second high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of the spectacle lens with adjacent micro-optical elements 13 a, 13 c in the second axial plane 24, referred to as the second gradient curve 1004.

[0161] The second gradient curve 1004 includes: a first portion 1004a corresponding to a change in the second linear gradient of the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24; and a second portion 1004b corresponding to a change in the second linear gradient of the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22c of the micro-optical element 13c in the second axial plane 24;

[0162] The second altitude linear gradient of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22c of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13c is the first derivative (Z ) of the net second altitude (as defined above) of each point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22c in the second axial plane 24, respectively, as a function of the abscissa x2 of the considered point. n2 It is understood that the abscissa along the axis x2 of a considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22c is the distance from this point to the reference axis z2 (contained in the second axial plane 24 and parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm of the micro-optical element 13a, 13c).

[0163] In FIG. 9, a first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 shows a maximum value 40 above 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value 41 above 1.5 μm / mm or below −1.5 μm / mm in absolute value.

[0164] Specifically, in this example, the maximum value 40 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 is greater than 2.0 μm / mm. More precisely, here, it is equal to 3.0 μm / mm. In addition, the minimum value 41 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 is greater than 2.5 μm / mm or less than −2.5 μm / mm in absolute value. Thus, the maximum value 40 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 differs from the minimum value 41 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 by less than 20 percent in absolute value.

[0165] Additionally, the second portion 1004b of the second gradient curve 1004 exhibits a maximum value 42 and a minimum value 43. The maximum value 42 is greater than 1.5 μm / mm, and the minimum value 43 is greater than 1.5 μm / mm or less than −1.5 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the maximum value 42 is 3.09 μm / mm, and the minimum value 43 is 3.11 in absolute value.

[0166] Typically, in the second axial plane 24, the maximum value of the second height first order gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical elements arranged within the ring of micro-optical elements differs by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm) from the maximum value of the second height first order gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical elements arranged within the same ring of micro-optical elements, where the maximum value 40 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 differs by 0.18 μm / mm from the maximum value 42 of the second portion 1004b of the second gradient curve 1004.

[0167] Typically, in the second axial plane 24, the minimum value of the second height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical elements arranged within the ring of micro-optical elements differs in absolute value from the minimum value of the second height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical elements arranged within the same ring of micro-optical elements by less than 0.20 μm / mm, where the minimum value 41 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 differs in absolute value from the minimum value 43 of the second portion 1004b of the second gradient curve 1004 by 0.009 μm / mm.

[0168] The first portion 1004a and the second portion 1004b of the second gradient curve 1004 exhibit similar variations, and therefore, for the sake of brevity, only the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 is disclosed in the following paragraphs.

[0169] The first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve includes a subportion 45 defined between a minimum point 46 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 and a zero point 47 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004. In this example, the minimum value 46 defining the first subportion 45 is similar to the minimum value 41 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004. The zero point 47 defining the subportion 45 corresponds to the zero value of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004. In FIG. 9 , a segment 48 is defined between the minimum point 46 and the zero point 47 of the subportion 45 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004. The subportion 45 is located below the segment 48, in contrast to the subportion 30 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003, which is located above the segment 33, as described in FIG. 7 . Therefore, when comparing the first gradient curve 1003 and the second gradient curve 1004 calculated from two perpendicular planes, the micro-optical element 13a does not exhibit a highly symmetrical gradient.

[0170] Table I summarizes the differences between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the first portions 1003a and 1004a of the first and second gradient curves calculated from the micro-optical element 13a covered with the coating.

[0171] [Table 1]

[0172] It can be seen that the difference between the maximum value 29 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 and the maximum value 40 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 is less than 10%. Thus, with respect to the maxima defined in the first and second axial planes, the micro-optical elements have an almost identical design.

[0173] It can be seen that the difference between the minimum value 30 of the first portion 1003a of the first gradient curve 1003 and the minimum value 41 of the first portion 1004a of the second gradient curve 1004 is less than 45%. Thus, with respect to the minima defined in the first and second axial planes, the micro-optical elements have slightly different designs.

[0174] Next, with reference to FIG. 10, the cross-sectional features of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23 and the second axial plane 24 will be described.

[0175] 10 shows a graphical representation 1005 of the conventional norm of the linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23 and the second axial plane 24. The graphical representation 1005 is called a curve 1005 of the conventional norm of the linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23 and the second axial plane 24.

[0176] The conventional norm of the high-degree gradient is defined as:

number

[0177] In FIG. 10, the curve 1005 of the norm of the high-order gradient calculated from the micro-optical element 13a has two maxima, referred to as the first maximum 49 and the second maximum 50, respectively. The first maximum 49 and the second maximum 50 of the curve 1005 have absolute values ​​greater than 2.00 μm / mm, here greater than 3.0 μm / mm. Specifically, the first maximum 49 is 3.40 μm / mm, and the second maximum is 3.71 μm / mm. In this example, this means that the first maximum 49 of the curve 1005 of the conventional norm of the high-order gradient differs from the second maximum 50 of the curve 1005 of the conventional norm of the high-order gradient by less than 10%. The first maximum 49 and the second maximum 50 are separated from each other by a distance between 0.80 mm and 2.00 mm, here 0.86 mm.

[0178] Secondary dimensions of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element covered by a coating A first altitude primary gradient in the first axial plane 23 allows a first altitude secondary gradient to be determined. A second altitude primary gradient in the second axial plane 24 allows a second altitude secondary gradient to be determined.

[0179] The first high-order gradient is the derivative of the first high-order gradient of the micro-optical surface in the first axial plane 23. The second high-order gradient is the derivative of the second high-order gradient of the micro-optical surface in the second axial plane 24.

[0180] For each pixel, the first advanced second order gradient (FASOG) for a given pixel (p1) is determined according to the following formula:

number

number

number

[0181] Similarly, the second advanced second order gradient (SASOG) of a given pixel (p1) is determined based on the value of the second advanced first order gradient of the given pixel, the second advanced first order gradient of a fifth pixel located after the given pixel p1 (or before the given pixel p1 if the given pixel p1 is near the edge of the matrix), and the integration length (IL).

[0182] The altitude quadratic gradient calculated in the first axial plane 23 is referred to as the first altitude quadratic gradient, and the altitude quadratic gradient calculated in the second axial plane 24 is referred to as the second altitude quadratic gradient.

[0183] 11 shows a graphical representation 1006 of a first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of a spectacle lens with adjacent micro-optical elements 13a, 13b in a first axial plane 23. The graphical representation 1006 is referred to as a first gradient derivative curve 1006.

[0184] The first gradient derivative curve 1006 includes: a first portion 1006a corresponding to a first high-degree quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23; and a second portion 1006b corresponding to a first high-degree quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surface 22b of the micro-optical element 13b in the first axial plane 23;

[0185] The first altitude quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22b of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13b is the second derivative (z n1 It is understood that the abscissa along the axis x1 of the considered point 37 of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22b is the distance of this point from the reference axis z1 (contained in the first axial plane 23 and parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm of the micro-optical element 13a, 13b).

[0186] The first portion 1006a of the first gradient derivative curve 1006 exhibits a first pair of maxima numbered 52 and 53, respectively. Each of the maxima 52, 53 in the first portion 1006a of the first gradient derivative curve 1006 is 0.080 μm / mm 2 ~0.090μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 52 of the first maximum value pair is 0.087 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 53 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is 0.081 μm / mm 2 is.

[0187] In this example, the maximum value 52 of the first pair of maxima is spaced apart from the maximum value 53 of the first pair of maxima by at least 0.90 mm and / or by less than 3.00 mm from the maximum value 53 of the first pair of maxima. This means that two maxima of the same pair of maxima are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (for example including any value between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm, in particular including any of the following values: 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00). Here, the maximum value 52 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is spaced 1.15 mm from the maximum value 53 of the first pair of maximum values. Typically, the second maximum value of the pair of maximum values ​​(here, maximum value 53) defines a position (here, point K) on the edge Ea of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23. Here, point K is opposite point I with respect to the micro-optical axis Cm_a of the micro-optical element 13a. The maximum value 53 is located on the bottom surface of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23 (see FIG. 5). Thus, the space between the two maxima 52, 53 of the pair of maximum values ​​provides information about the average size (or average dimension) between two opposite points (here, points I and K) defined on the edge of the micro-optical element 13a and arranged in the first axial plane 23.

[0188] A second portion 1006b of the first gradient derivative curve 1006 shows a second pair of maxima numbered 54 and 55, respectively. Each of the maxima 54, 55 of the second pair of maxima has a maximum value of 0.080 μm / mm 2 ~0.090μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 54 of the second pair of maximum values ​​is 0.083 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 55 of the second pair of maximum values ​​is 0.081 μm / mm 2 is.

[0189] In this example, the maximum value 54 of the second pair of maxima is spaced apart from the maximum value 55 of the second pair of maxima by at least 0.90 mm and / or by less than 3.00 mm from the maximum value 55 of the second pair of maxima. This means that the two maxima of the same pair of maxima are spaced apart by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (e.g., any value comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm, in particular any of the following values: 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00). Here, the two maxima 54, 55 of the second pair of maxima are spaced apart from each other by 1.15 mm. As mentioned above, the space between the two maxima 54, 55 of the second pair of maxima is defined on the edge of the micro-optical element 13b and provides information about the average size between two opposite points located in the first axial plane 23.

[0190] It can therefore be seen that in the first axial plane 23 the average size of a micro-optical element belonging to a ring of micro-optical elements (here micro-optical element 13a) is approximately the same as the average size of a micro-optical element arranged in an adjacent ring of micro-optical elements (here micro-optical element 13b).

[0191] The average deviation between two maximum values ​​belonging to the same maximum value pair is 0.004 μm / mm 2 is.

[0192] 12 shows a graphical representation 1007 of the second highly quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of the spectacle lens with adjacent micro-optical elements 13a, 13c in the second axial plane 24. This graphical representation is called the second gradient derivative curve 1007.

[0193] The second gradient derivative curve 1007 includes a first portion 1007 a corresponding to a second highly quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surface 22 a of the micro-optical element 13 a in the second axial plane 24 .

[0194] The second altitude quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a is the second derivative (z ) of the net second altitude (as defined above) of each point of the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24 as a function of the abscissa x2 of the considered point. n2 The abscissa along the axis x2 of a considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surface 22a is understood to be the distance from this point to the reference axis z2 (contained in the second axial plane 24 and parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm of the micro-optical element 13a). The first part 1007a of the second gradient derivative curve 1007 shows a first pair of maxima numbered 57 and 58 respectively. Each maximum 57, 58 of the first pair of maxima has a value of 0.080 μm / mm 2 ~0.160μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 57 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is 0.149 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 58 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is 0.137 μm / mm 2 is.

[0195] In this example, the maximum value 57 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is spaced less than 3 mm from the maximum value 58 of the first pair of maximum values. Typically, the second maximum value of the pair of maximum values ​​(here, maximum value 58) defines a position (here, point J) on the edge Ea of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24. Here, point J is opposite point L (located on the edge Ea) with respect to the micro-optical axis Cm_a of the micro-optical element 13a. The maximum value 58 (relating to the position of point J) is on the bottom surface of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24 (see FIG. 5), and therefore, it is close to the edge Ec of the micro-optical element 13c. Similarly, point 57 (relating to the position of point L) is on the bottom surface of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24 (see FIG. 5), and therefore, it is close to the edge Ed of the micro-optical element 13d. Therefore, the space between the two maxima 57, 58 of the maximum pair provides information about the average size (or average dimension) between two opposite points (here points L and J) defined on the edge of the micro-optical element 13a and located in the second axial plane 24.

[0196] In this example, the maximum value 57 of the first pair of maxima is spaced at least 0.90 mm from the maximum value 58 of the first pair of maxima, where the two maxima 57, 58 are spaced 0.98 mm apart from each other.

[0197] Additionally, the second gradient curve 1007 includes: a first sub-portion 1007b corresponding to a second quadratic gradient of a portion of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24 and to a second quadratic gradient of a portion of the micro-optical surface 22d of the micro-optical element 13d in the second axial plane 24; a second sub-portion 1007c corresponding to a second quadratic gradient of a portion of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24 and a second quadratic gradient of a portion of the micro-optical surface 22c of the micro-optical element 13c in the second axial plane 24;

[0198] The first sub-portion 1007b of the second gradient derivative curve 1007 exhibits a second pair of maxima including a maximum 57 and a maximum 56. Each of the maxima 56, 57 of the second pair of maxima has a maximum value of 0.080 μm / mm 2 ~0.160μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 56 of the second pair of maximum values ​​is 0.111 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 57 of the second pair of maximum values ​​is 0.149 μm / mm 2 In addition, the second slope derivative curve 1007 includes a valley having a minimum value 60 between the two maxima 56, 57.

[0199] In this example, the maximum value 56 of the second pair of maxima is spaced apart by less than 0.20 mm and / or at least 0.001 mm from the maximum value 57 of the second pair of maxima, where the two maxima 56, 57 of the second pair of maxima are spaced apart by 0.04 mm.

[0200] As explained above, the two maxima indicate a reversal of curvature between two successive micro-optical elements, here between micro-optical element 13d and micro-optical element 13a.

[0201] Similarly, the second sub-portion 1007c of the second gradient derivative curve 1007 exhibits a third pair of maxima including maxima 58 and maxima 59. Each of the maxima 58, 59 of the third pair of maxima has a maximum value of 0.080 μm / mm 2 ~0.160μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 58 of the third pair of maximum values ​​is 0.137 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 59 of the third pair of maximum values ​​is 0.157 μm / mm 2 In addition, the second gradient curve 1007 includes a valley having a minimum value 61 between the two maxima 58, 59.

[0202] In this example, the maximum value 58 of the third pair of maxima is spaced apart from the maximum value 59 of the third pair of maxima by less than 0.20 mm and / or at least 0.001 mm, where the two maxima 58, 59 of the third pair of maxima are spaced apart by 0.02 mm.

[0203] As explained above, the two maxima indicate a reversal of curvature between two successive micro-optical elements, here between micro-optical element 13a and micro-optical element 13c.

[0204] The values ​​of the peaks (here maximum values) of the first gradient derivative curve and the second gradient derivative curve depend at least on the position of the ring of micro-optical elements within the spectacle lens 10 and the refractive power of the micro-optical elements.

[0205] The present invention relates to a computer-implemented method for determining the spectacle lenses disclosed above, which are intended to be worn by a wearer.

[0206] First, the method includes a step of defining the design of the spectacle lens. Typically, the defining step includes defining the macro-optical functions of the spectacle lens, the number of micro-optical elements, then the optical characteristics of the micro-optical elements (geometry, diopter power, diameter) and additional information (density of the micro-optical elements, position on the spectacle lens, etc.).

[0207] The method includes a step of defining a net first elevation and a net second elevation of all micro-optical elements of the spectacle lens, as disclosed above. Typically, the first and second net elevations are defined by calculating a plurality of first and second axial planes for each micro-optical element, spatially scanning the surface of the spectacle lens, and calculating the micro-optical plane of each micro-optical element, as disclosed above. Preferably, each calculated first axial plane includes at least two micro-optical elements (wherein the micro-optical elements belong to two different rings), and each calculated second axial plane includes at least two micro-optical elements (wherein two adjacent micro-optical elements belong to the same ring). Of course, as described above, each of the first and second axial planes is defined perpendicular to the micro-optical axis of the same micro-optical element.

[0208] Based on the net first height and net second height of each micro-optical element, the method further includes determining an optical design of the micro-optical element by calculating a first height linear gradient and a second height linear gradient. Specifically, the first height linear gradient and the second height linear gradient are optimized to have a maximum value higher than 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value higher than 1.5 μm / mm in absolute value, respectively. According to one embodiment, the first height linear gradient and the second height linear gradient are optimized to obtain the first height linear gradient and the second height linear gradient as defined in this disclosure. Typically, the optical design of the micro-optical element (e.g., the shape, size, and optical characteristics of each micro-optical element) is designed so that the first height linear gradient and the second height linear gradient of each micro-optical element exhibit the values ​​disclosed in each example, and therefore depends on the arrangement of the micro-optical elements (e.g., an arrangement according to concentric rings or an arrangement of consecutive micro-optical elements), the use or non-use of coatings, etc.

[0209] Optionally, the method further comprises determining an optical design of the micro-optical element based on the first and second high-order gradients by calculating a first high-order gradient (e.g., by considering the first high-order gradient as described above) and a second high-order gradient (e.g., by considering the second high-order gradient as described above). Typically, the optical design of the micro-optical element is designed such that the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element has first and second high-order gradients representing values ​​disclosed in different examples.

[0210] In one embodiment, the method includes determining an optical design of a micro-optical element based on a conventional norm of high order gradients as disclosed in the present disclosure. In particular, in the method according to the present application, the first order gradients and / or second order gradients and / or conventional norms of high order gradients are optimized using an optimization algorithm such that the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element has the first order gradients and / or second order gradients and / or conventional norms of high order gradients as disclosed in the present disclosure.

[0211] The computer-implemented method disclosed above is typically used to manufacture eyeglass lenses (i.e., physical lens elements). Typically, the method for manufacturing eyeglass lenses comprises: - determining a design for the lens element using the computer-implemented method disclosed above; - manufacturing the lens element based on the design; Includes:

[0212] The primary dimension of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element without any coating on the micro-optical element In the examples disclosed with reference to FIGS. 13 to 17, the values ​​are given excluding any coating layers covering the micro-optical elements 13.

[0213] The resulting altitude gradient is calculated in the same manner as above.

[0214] The micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 13 is studied according to the graphical representations 1001 and 1002 shown by FIGS.

[0215] First, with reference to FIG. 13, a first highly linear gradient of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22b of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13b in a first axial plane 23 is disclosed.

[0216] The first altitude linear gradient has the value x1 on the abscissa and the value z on the ordinate, as explained above. n1 ' is represented by a first gradient curve 1008.

[0217] The first gradient curve 1008 includes: a first portion 1008a corresponding to a first linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 22a in the first axial plane 23; and a second portion 1008b corresponding to a first height linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 22b of the micro-optical element 13b in the first axial plane 23;

[0218] A first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 shows a maximum value 62 above 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value 23 above 1.5 μm / mm (or below −1.5 μm / mm) in absolute value.

[0219] Specifically, in this example, the maximum value 62 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm, which here is equal to 4.16 μm / mm. The minimum value 63 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm or less than −3.0 μm / mm, and in particular less than −4.49 μm / mm, in absolute value. Thus, the maximum value 62 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 differs from the minimum value 63 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 by less than 10 percent in absolute value.

[0220] The second portion 1008b of the first gradient curve 1008 exhibits a maximum value 64 and a minimum value 65. The maximum value 64 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm, and the minimum value 65 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm or less than −3.0 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the maximum value 64 is 3.79 μm / mm, and the minimum value 65 is 4.11 in absolute value.

[0221] Here, the maximum value 62 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 differs by 0.37 μm / mm from the maximum value 64 of the second portion 1008b of the first gradient curve 1008. The minimum value 63 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 differs by an absolute value of 0.38 μm / mm (−0.38 μm / mm) from the minimum value 65 of the second portion 1008b of the first gradient curve 1008.

[0222] The first portion 1008a and the second portion 1008b of the first gradient curve 1008 exhibit similar variations, and therefore, for the sake of brevity, only the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 is disclosed in the following paragraphs.

[0223] The first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 includes a subportion 66 defined between a minimum point 67 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 and a zero point 68 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008. In this example, the minimum value 67 defining the first subportion 66 is similar to the minimum value 63 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008. The zero point 68 defining the subportion 66 corresponds to the zero value of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 (i.e., corresponds to the zero value of the first high-order gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a). In FIG. 13 , a segment 69 is defined between the minimum point 67 and the zero point 68 of the subportion 66. The subportion 66 of the first portion 1008a of the first gradient curve 1008 is located above the segment 69.

[0224] With reference to FIG. 14, a second highly linear gradient of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 22a, 22c of the micro-optical elements 13a, 13c in the second axial plane 24 is disclosed.

[0225] The second high-degree linear gradient has the value x2 on the abscissa and the value z on the ordinate, as explained above. n2 ' is represented by a second gradient curve 1009.

[0226] The second gradient curve 1009 includes: a first portion 1009a corresponding to a second linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24; and a second portion 1009b corresponding to a second linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 22c of the micro-optical element 13c in the second axial plane 24;

[0227] A first portion 1009a of the second gradient curve 1009 shows a maximum value 70 above 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value 71 that is either above 1.5 μm / mm or below −1.5 μm / mm in absolute value.

[0228] Specifically, in this example, the maximum value 70 of the first portion 1009a of the second gradient curve 1009 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm, here equal to 4.35 μm / mm. The minimum value 71 of the first portion 1009a of the second gradient curve 1009 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm (or less than −3.0 μm / mm) in absolute value, in particular less than −3.67 μm / mm. Thus, the maximum value 70 differs from the minimum value 71 by less than 20 percent in absolute value.

[0229] Here, maximum value 70 of first portion 1009a of second gradient curve 1009 differs from maximum value 76 of second portion 1009b of second gradient curve 1009 by 0.07 μm / mm, and minimum value 71 of first portion 1009a of second gradient curve 1009 differs from minimum value 77 of second portion 1009b of second gradient curve 1009 by an absolute value of 0.15 μm / mm.

[0230] The first portion 1009a of the second gradient curve 1009 includes a subportion 72 defined between a minimum point 73 of the first portion 1009a of the second gradient curve 1009 and a zero point 74 of the first portion 1009a of the second gradient curve 1009. In this example, the minimum value 73 defining the first subportion 72 is similar to the minimum value 71 of the first portion of the second gradient curve 1009. The zero point 74 defining the subportion 72 corresponds to the zero value of the first portion 1009a of the second gradient curve 1008 (i.e., corresponds to the zero value of the high-degree quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24). In FIG. 14 , a segment 75 is defined between the minimum point 73 and the zero point 74 of the subportion 72. 13, subportion 66 of the first portion of first gradient curve 1008 is located above segment 69, whereas subportion 72 of second gradient curve 1009 is located below segment 75. Therefore, when comparing first gradient curve 1008 with second gradient curve 1009 calculated from two perpendicular planes, micro-optical element 13a does not exhibit a highly symmetrical gradient.

[0231] Table II summarizes the differences between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the first portions 1008a and 1009a of the first and second gradient curves of the micro-optical element 13a, distinguishing between both the coated and uncoated cases.

[0232] [Table 2]

[0233] It is also found that the coating shifts: - a maximum first order gradient of 0.85 μm / mm; - maximum second-order gradient of 1.32 μm / mm; - a minimum first order gradient of 1.01 μm / mm (absolute value), - A minimum second-order gradient of 1.19 μm / mm (absolute value).

[0234] Additionally, the second portion 1009b of the second gradient curve 1009 exhibits a maximum value 76 and a minimum value 77. The maximum value 76 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm, and the minimum value 77 is greater than 3.0 μm / mm or less than −3.0 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the maximum value 76 is 4.28 μm / mm, and the minimum value 77 is 3.82 μm / mm in absolute value.

[0235] Next, with reference to FIG. 15, the cross-sectional features of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23 and the second axial plane 24 will be described.

[0236] 15 shows a graphical representation 1010 of the conventional norm of the linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first and second axial planes. The graphical representation 1010 is referred to as the curve 1010 of the conventional norm of the linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a.

[0237] In FIG. 15, the curve 1010 of the norm of the high linear gradient of the micro-optical element 13a has two maxima, referred to as the first maximum 78 and the second maximum 79, respectively. The first maximum 78 and the second maximum 79 of the curve 1010 have absolute values ​​greater than 3.00 μm / mm, here greater than 4.0 μm / mm. Specifically, the first maximum 78 is 4.33 μm / mm, and the second maximum 79 is 4.62 μm / mm. In this example, this means that the first maximum 78 of the curve 1010 of the conventional norm of the high linear gradient differs from the second maximum 79 of the curve 1010 of the conventional norm of the high linear gradient by less than 10%. The first maximum 78 and the second maximum 79 are separated from each other by a distance comprised between 0.80 mm and 2.00 mm, here 0.97 mm.

[0238] Secondary dimensions of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element without any coating As explained above, the first high order gradient of the cross-sectional micro-optical surface in the first axial plane 23 allows for the determination of the first high order gradient, and the second high order gradient of the cross-sectional micro-optical surface in the second axial plane 24 allows for the determination of the second high order gradient.

[0239] 16 shows a graphical representation 1011 of a first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of the spectacle lens including the micro-optical elements 13a, 13b in the first axial plane 23. The graphical representation 1011 has the value x1 on the abscissa and the value z on the ordinate, as explained above. n1 ' is called the first gradient derivative curve 1011.

[0240] The first gradient derivative curve 1011 includes: a first portion 1011a corresponding to a first high-degree quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the first axial plane 23; and a second portion 1011b corresponding to a first high-degree quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surface 22b of the micro-optical element 13b in the first axial plane 23;

[0241] A first portion 1011a of the first gradient derivative curve 1011 shows a first pair of maxima numbered 80 and 81, respectively. Each maximum 80, 81 of the first pair of maxima has a value of 0.200 μm / mm 2 ~0.100μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 80 of the first maximum value pair is 0.173 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 81 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is 0.164 μm / mm 2 is.

[0242] In this example, the maximum value 80 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is spaced at least 0.90 mm from the maximum value 81 of the first pair of maximum values ​​and / or less than 3.00 mm from the maximum value 81 of the first pair of maximum values. This means that the two maxima of the same pair of maximum values ​​are spaced from each other by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (for example including any value between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm, in particular including any of the following values: 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00). As explained above, the space between the two maxima 80, 81 of the pair of maxima provides information about the average size (or average dimension) between two opposite points (here points I and K) defined on the edge of the micro-optical element 13a and located in the first axial plane 23. Here, the space between the two maxima 80, 81 is 1.45 mm.

[0243] The deviation between the two maximum values ​​80 and 81 is 0.009 μm / mm 2 is.

[0244] A second portion 1011b of the first gradient derivative curve 1011 shows a second pair of maxima numbered 82 and 83, respectively. Each of the maxima 82, 83 is 0.200 μm / mm 2 ~0.100μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 82 is 0.168 μm / mm 2and the maximum value is 0.159 μm / mm 2 is.

[0245] In this example, the maximum value 82 of the second pair of maximum values ​​is spaced apart from the maximum value 83 of the second pair of maximum values ​​by at least 0.90 mm and / or by less than 3.00 mm from the maximum value 83 of the second pair of maximum values. This means that the two maximum values ​​of the same pair of maximum values ​​are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (for example, any value between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00). Here, the space between the two maximum values ​​82, 83 is 1.45 mm. As mentioned above, the space between the two maxima 82, 83 of the pair of maxima gives information about the average size (or average dimension) between two opposite points defined on the edge of the micro-optical element 13b and located in the first axial plane 23. It can be seen that the dimension defined by the maxima 80, 81 is almost identical to the dimension defined by the maxima 82, 83 with a tolerance of 10%.

[0246] The deviation between the two maximum values ​​82 and 83 is 0.009 μm / mm 2 is.

[0247] 17 shows a graphical representation 1012 of the second high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of the spectacle lens with the micro-optical elements 13a, 13c in the second axial plane 24. The graphical representation 1012 has the value x2 on the abscissa and the value z on the ordinate, as explained above. n2 The second gradient derivative curve 1012 has a slope of ' '.

[0248] The second gradient derivative curve 1012 includes a first portion 1012 a corresponding to a second highly quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surface 22 a of the micro-optical element 13 a in the second axial plane 24 .

[0249] A first portion 1012a of the second gradient derivative curve 1012 shows a first pair of maxima numbered 85 and 86, respectively. Each of the maxima 85, 86 is 0.100 μm / mm 2 ~0.180μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value of 85 is 0.150 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value is 0.147 μm / mm 2 is.

[0250] In this example, the maximum value 85 is spaced apart from the maximum value 86 of the first pair of maximum values ​​by at least 0.90 mm and / or by less than 3.00 mm from the maximum value 86 of the first pair of maximum values. This means that the two maxima of the same pair of maximum values ​​are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (e.g., any value between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00). Here, the space between the two maxima 85, 86 is 1.10 mm. As mentioned above, the space between the two maxima 85, 86 of the first pair of maxima provides information about the average size between two opposite points defined on the edge of the micro-optical element 13a and located in the second axial plane 24.

[0251] The deviation between the two maximum values ​​of 84 and 85 is 0.003 μm / mm 2 is.

[0252] Additionally, the second gradient curve 1012 includes: a first sub-portion 1012b corresponding to a second quadratic gradient of a portion of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24 and to a second quadratic gradient of a portion of the micro-optical surface 22d of the micro-optical element 13d in the second axial plane 24; a second sub-portion 1012c corresponding to a second quadratic gradient of a portion of the micro-optical surface 22a of the micro-optical element 13a in the second axial plane 24 and a second quadratic gradient of a portion of the micro-optical surface 22c of the micro-optical element 13c in the second axial plane 24;

[0253] The first sub-portion 1012b of the second gradient derivative curve 1012 exhibits a second pair of maxima including a maximum 85 and a maximum 84. Each of the maxima 84, 85 of the second pair of maxima has a maximum value of 0.080 μm / mm 2 ~0.160μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 84 in the second pair of maximum values ​​is 0.144 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 85 of the second pair of maximum values ​​is 0.150 μm / mm 2 In addition, the second slope derivative curve 1012 includes a valley having a minimum value 88 between the two maxima 84, 85.

[0254] In this example, the maximum value 84 of the second pair of maxima is spaced apart by less than 0.20 mm and / or at least 0.001 mm from the maximum value 85 of the second pair of maxima, where the WO maxima 84, 85 are spaced apart by 0.048 mm.

[0255] As explained above, the two maxima indicate a reversal of curvature between two successive micro-optical elements, here between micro-optical element 13d and micro-optical element 13a.

[0256] Similarly, the second sub-portion 1012c of the second gradient derivative curve 1012 exhibits a third pair of maxima including a maximum 86 and a maximum 87. Each of the maxima 86, 87 of the third pair of maxima has a maximum value of 0.080 μm / mm 2 ~0.160μm / mm 2 As explained above, the maximum value 86 is 0.147 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value is 0.151 μm / mm 2 In addition, the second gradient curve 1007 includes a valley having a minimum 89 between the two maxima 86, 87.

[0257] In this example, the maximum value 86 of the third pair of maxima is spaced apart by less than 0.20 mm (and / or at least 0.001 mm) from the maximum value 87 of the third pair of maxima, where the two maxima 86, 87 are spaced apart by 0.032 mm.

[0258] Typically, the spacing between the maxima 84, 85 and the spacing between the maxima 86, 87 represent the average spacing between adjacent micro-optical elements belonging to the same ring of micro-optical elements, where this spacing is very small since the micro-elements of the same ring are contiguous, and where this spacing can take into account the deformation of the micro-optical shape of two adjacent micro-optical elements (here included in the same ring).

[0259] As explained above, the two maxima indicate a reversal of curvature between two consecutive micro-optical elements, here micro-optical element 13a and micro-optical element 13c. It can be seen that the space defined by maxima 84, 85 is nearly identical to the space defined by maxima 86, 87, with a tolerance of 10%.

[0260] A second portion 1012b of the second slope derivative curve 1012 shows a second pair of maxima numbered 86 and 87, respectively. Each of the maxima 86, 87 is 0.100 μm / mm 2 ~0.180μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 86 is 0.147 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value is 0.151 μm / mm 2 is.

[0261] In this example, maximum value 86 is spaced from maximum value 87 by less than 0.020 mm.

[0262] The deviation between the two maximum values ​​86 and 87 is 0.004 μm / mm 2 is.

[0263] Second Example 18 to 27, a second example of a spectacle lens 90 according to the present disclosure will be disclosed. Only the differences from the spectacle lens 10 disclosed above will be explained.

[0264] The spectacle lens 90, like the spectacle lens 10, comprises a central zone, a first peripheral zone disposed around the central zone, and a second peripheral zone disposed around the first peripheral zone. The zones of the spectacle lens 90 are concentric. The central zone and the second peripheral zone do not have micro-optical elements. The sizes of these zones are similar to those disclosed above for the spectacle lens 10.

[0265] The spectacle lens 90 includes an arrangement of micro-optical elements 91 having a shape similar to the micro-optical elements 13 of the spectacle lens 10. These micro-optical elements 91 are arranged in a first peripheral zone of the spectacle lens 90. In contrast to the spectacle lens 10, the micro-optical elements 91 of the spectacle lens 90 are not contiguous. Each micro-optical element 91 has a diameter of 1 mm and is spaced from an adjacent micro-optical element 91 by at least 0.10 mm and / or less than 2.00 mm. This means that adjacent micro-optical elements are spaced apart from one another by a distance comprised between 0.10 mm and 2.00 mm (for example, any value between 0.10 mm and 2.00 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00). For example, the edge of one optical element 91 is spaced apart from the edge of an adjacent optical element by at least 0.5 mm.

[0266] The micro-optical elements 91 have a diameter, when projected onto the facial plane (perpendicular to the major axis of the contact lens), that is fixed at 0.3 mm to 2 mm (e.g., any value between 0.3 mm and 2.0 mm, including, for example, any of the following values: 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00).

[0267] For example, the density of the arrangement of micro-optical elements on the first peripheral zone of the spectacle lens 90 is comprised between 40 percent and 60 percent.

[0268] In this embodiment, all the micro-optical elements 91 of the spectacle lens 90 are identical. Each micro-optical element 91 exhibits a spherical power of 3.5 diopters and a diameter of 1.0 mm.

[0269] Each micro-optical element 91 has a micro-optical axis Cm and a micro-optical surface. The shape and dimensions of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 are calculated with respect to the spectacle lens 10. The micro-optical element 91 shown in Figure 18 exhibits rotational symmetry around its own micro-optical axis Cm.

[0270] As explained above, the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 of the spectacle lens 90 are disclosed with reference to a first axial surface 92 and a second axial surface 93 .

[0271] A first axial plane 92 passes through two micro-optical elements 91, numbered 91a and 91b. In this example, the first axial plane 92 passes through the micro-optical axes Cm of the micro-optical elements 91a, 91b. The micro-optical element 91a is spaced from the micro-optical element 91b by at least 0.1 mm, preferably by about 0.4 mm (edge ​​to edge) and / or by less than 2.00 mm. This distance may also be referred to as the first distance. This means that adjacent micro-optical elements defined in the first axial plane 92 are spaced apart from one another by a distance comprised between 0.10 mm and 2.00 mm (e.g., any value between 0.10 mm and 2.00 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00), where the first distance is equal to 0.4 mm.

[0272] A second axial plane 93 passes through micro-optical element 91a and the micro-optical element numbered 91c. In this example, the second axial plane 93 passes through the micro-optical axis Cm of micro-optical elements 91a, 91c. Micro-optical element 91a is spaced at least 1 mm from micro-optical element 91c, preferably about 1.4 mm (edge-to-edge) and / or less than 2.00 mm. This distance may also be referred to as the second distance. This means that adjacent micro-optical elements defined in the second axial plane 93 are spaced apart from one another by a distance comprised between 1.00 mm and 2.00 mm (e.g., any value between 1.00 mm and 2.00 mm, including in particular any of the following values: 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.70, 0.80, 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00), where the second distance is equal to 1.4 mm.

[0273] In this second example, as in the first example, the shape (i.e., geometrical properties) of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91 is defined with reference to reference radial planes (not shown) perpendicular to the micro-optical axis of the considered micro-optical element. Each micro-optical reference radial plane is tangential to the virtual macro-optical front surface and therefore passes through a local vertex of the virtual macro-optical front surface. As a result, there are as many micro-optical reference radial planes as there are micro-optical elements 91. This is defined as a first Cartesian reference coordinate system (O3, x3, y3, z3), where: - axis x3 is included in the micro-optical reference radial plane and in the first axial plane 92 (a given value along axis x3 relates to the second distance), - axis y3 is contained in the reference radial plane and is perpendicular to axis x3, the axis z3 is consequently parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm_a and perpendicular to the reference radial plane (the value given along the axis z3 relates to the first distance), - The origin O3 is located between the target micro-optical element 91a and the adjacent micro-optical element 91d, whose micro-optical axis passes through the first axial plane 92, and the micro-optical element 91a is between the micro-optical elements 91b and 91d.

[0274] This is defined as a second Cartesian reference frame (O4, x4, y4, z4), where: the axis x4 is included in the micro-optical reference radial plane and in the second axial plane 93 (the value given along the axis x4 relates to the fourth distance), - axis y4 is contained in the reference radial plane and is perpendicular to axis x4, the axis z4 is consequently parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm_a and perpendicular to the reference radial plane (the value given along the axis z4 relates to the third distance), - The origin O3 is located between the target micro-optical element 91a and the adjacent micro-optical element 91e, whose micro-optical axis passes through the second axial plane 93, and the micro-optical element 91a is between the micro-optical elements 91c and 91e.

[0275] The geometrical features of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91a, 91b, and 91c will be described with reference to FIGS.

[0276] The measurements disclosed below are calculated in the same way as in the first example.

[0277] Primary dimensions of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element covered by a coating In the examples disclosed with reference to Figures 19 to 23, the measurements are carried out by taking into account a coating (e.g., a hard coating and / or an anti-reflection coating and / or an UV protection coating, etc.) arranged on the arrangement of micro-optical elements, said coating having a thickness comprised between 100 nm and 10 μm, for example a thickness of 250 nm or 3 μm.

[0278] The vertical linear gradient considered in the first axial plane 92 is called the first vertical linear gradient. The vertical linear gradient considered in the second axial plane 93 is called the second vertical linear gradient.

[0279] 19 shows a graphical representation 2001 of a first high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of a spectacle lens including micro-optical elements 91a, 91b in a first axial plane 92. The graphical representation 2001 has a value x3 on the abscissa and a value z on the ordinate. n3 The first gradient curve 2001 has a gradient of '.

[0280] The first gradient curve 2001 includes: a first portion 2001a corresponding to a first linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 94a of the micro-optical element 91a in the first axial plane 92; and a second portion 2001b corresponding to a first height linear gradient of the micro-optical surface 94b of the micro-optical element 91b in the first axial plane 92;

[0281] As mentioned above, the first altitude linear gradient of the micro-optical surfaces 94a, 94b of the micro-optical elements 91a, 91b, respectively, is the first derivative of the net first altitude (defined above with respect to a micro-optical reference radial plane defined for each micro-optical element) of each point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 94a, 94b of the micro-optical elements 91a, 91b in the first axial plane 92 as a function of the abscissa x3 of the considered point of the cross section. It is understood that the ordinate along the axis x3 of the considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 94a, 94b is the distance from this point to the reference axis z3 (contained in the first axial plane 92 and parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm_a of the micro-optical element 91a).

[0282] A first portion 2001a of the first gradient curve 2001 shows a maximum value 95 greater than 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value 97 that is greater than 1.5 μm / mm or less than −1.5 μm / mm in absolute value.

[0283] The first portion 2001a of the first gradient curve 2001 includes a subportion 99 defined between a minimum point 100 of the first portion 2001a of the first gradient curve 2001 and a zero point 101 of the first portion 2001a of the first gradient curve 2001. In this example, the minimum value 100 defining the first subportion 99 is similar to the minimum value 96 of the first portion 1001a of the first gradient curve 2001. The zero point 101 defining the subportion 99 corresponds to the zero value of the first portion 2001a of the first gradient curve. In FIG. 19 , a segment 102 is defined between the minimum point 100 and the zero point 101 of the subportion 99. The subportion 99 is located above the segment 102.

[0284] The second portion 2001a of the first gradient curve 2001 exhibits a maximum value 97 greater than 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value 98 greater than 1.5 μm / mm or less than −1.5 μm / mm in absolute value. The second portion 2001a follows a similar variation to the first portion 2001a of the first gradient curve 2001.

[0285] Typically, in the first axial plane 92, the maximum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of a micro-optical element differs by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm) from the maximum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of an adjacent micro-optical element, for example a micro-optical element spaced less than 0.5 mm from the adjacent micro-optical element, where the maximum value 95 of the first portion 2001 a of the first gradient curve 2001 differs in absolute value from the maximum value 97 of the second portion 2001 b of the first gradient curve 2001 by 0.01 μm / mm.

[0286] Typically, in the first axial plane 92, the minimum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of a micro-optical element differs in absolute value from the minimum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of an adjacent micro-optical element by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm), whereby the minimum value 96 of the first portion 2001 a of the first gradient curve 2001 differs in absolute value from the minimum value 98 of the second portion 2001 b of the first gradient curve 2001 by 0.06 μm / mm (−0.06 μm / mm).

[0287] 20 shows a graphical representation 2002 of the second high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of the spectacle lens including the micro-optical elements 91a, 91c in the second axial plane 93. The graphical representation 2002 has the value x4 on the abscissa and the value z on the ordinate, as explained above. n4 The second gradient curve 2002 has a slope of '.

[0288] The second gradient curve 2002 includes: a first portion 2002a corresponding to a second linear gradient of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a in the second axial plane 93; and a second portion 2002b corresponding to a second linear gradient of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91c in the second axial plane 93;

[0289] The second altitude linear gradient of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 c is the first derivative of the net second altitude (defined above with respect to a micro-optical reference radial plane defined for each micro-optical element) of each point of the cross section of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 c in the second axial plane 93 as a function of the abscissa x4 of the considered point. It is understood that the ordinate along the axis x4 of a considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 94 a, 94 c is the distance from this point to the reference axis z4 (which is contained in the second axial plane 93 and is parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm_a of the micro-optical element 91 a). The first portion 2002 a of the second gradient curve 2002 exhibits a maximum value 103 greater in absolute value than 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value 104 greater in absolute value than 1.5 μm / mm or less than −1.5 μm / mm.

[0290] The first portion 2002a of the second gradient curve 2002 includes a subportion 107 defined between a minimum point 108 of the first portion 2002a of the second gradient curve 2002 and a zero point 109 of the first portion 2002a of the second gradient curve 2002. In this example, the minimum value 108 defining the first subportion 107 is similar to the minimum value 104 of the first portion 2002a of the second gradient curve 2002. The zero point 109 defining the subportion 107 corresponds to the zero value of the first portion of the second gradient curve 2002. In FIG. 20 , a segment 110 is defined between the minimum point 108 and the zero point 109 of the subportion 107. The subportion 107 of the second gradient curve 2002 is disposed above the segment 110.

[0291] The second portion 2002b of the second gradient curve 2002 shows a maximum value 105 greater than 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value 106 that is either greater than 1.5 μm / mm or less than −1.5 μm / mm in absolute value. The second portion 2002b follows a similar progression as the first portion 2002a.

[0292] Typically, in the second axial plane 93, the maximum value of the second high-order gradient of the micro-optical features of the micro-optical element differs by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm) from the maximum value of the second high-order gradient of the micro-optical features of an adjacent micro-optical element, for example a micro-optical element spaced less than 1.5 mm from another micro-optical element, wherein the maximum value 103 of the first portion 2002a of the second gradient curve 2002 differs in absolute value from the maximum value 105 of the second portion 2002b of the second gradient curve 2002 by 0.04 μm / mm.

[0293] Typically, in the second axial plane 93, the minimum value of the second height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of a micro-optical element differs in absolute value from the minimum value of the second height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of an adjacent micro-optical element by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.040 μm / mm), wherein the minimum value 104 of the first portion 2002a of the second gradient curve 2002 differs in absolute value from the minimum value 106 of the second portion 2002b of the second gradient curve 2002 by 0.08 μm / mm.

[0294] Table III summarizes the difference between the maximum and minimum of the first and second portions 2001a and 2002a of the gradient curve for the coated micro-optical element 91a.

[0295] [Table 3]

[0296] The difference between the maximum value 95 of the first portion 2001a of the first gradient curve 2001 and the maximum value 103 of the first portion 2002a of the second gradient curve 2002 is less than 5%.

[0297] The difference between the minimum value 96 of the first portion 2001a of the first gradient curve 2001 and the minimum value 104 of the first portion 2002a of the second gradient curve 2002 is less than 5%.

[0298] With reference to FIG. 21, the characteristics of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical element 91a on the first axial surface 92 and the second axial surface 93 will be described.

[0299] 21 shows a graphical representation 2003 of the conventional norm of the linear gradient of the height of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a in the first and second axial planes. The graphical representation is referred to as a curve 2003 of the conventional norm of the linear gradient of the height of the micro-optical shape of the micro-optical element 91a.

[0300] The curve 2003 has two maxima calculated for the micro-optical element 91a, referred to as a first maximum 111 and a second maximum 112, respectively. The first maximum 111 and the second maximum 112 of the curve 2003 are greater than 2.00 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the first maximum 111 is 2.24 μm / mm, and the second maximum 112 is 2.18 μm / mm. In this example, the first maximum 111 of the curve 2003 of the conventional norm of high linear gradient differs from the second maximum 112 of the curve 2003 of the conventional norm of high linear gradient by less than 10%. The first maximum 111 and the second maximum 112 are spaced apart by a distance between 0.80 mm and 2.00 mm, here 0.88 mm.

[0301] Secondary dimensions of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element covered by a coating As explained above, the first high-order gradient in the first axial plane 92 makes it possible to determine the first high-order gradient, and the second high-order gradient in the second axial plane 93 makes it possible to determine the second high-order gradient. The first high-order gradient corresponds to the derivative of the first high-order gradient of the micro-optical surface in the first axial plane 92, and the second high-order gradient corresponds to the derivative of the second high-order gradient of the micro-optical surface in the second axial plane 93.

[0302] 22 shows a graphical representation 2004 of a first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including micro-optical elements 91a, 91b in a first axial plane 92. The graphical representation 2004 has the value x3 on the abscissa as explained above and the value z on the ordinate. n3 ' is called the first gradient derivative curve 2004.

[0303] The first gradient derivative curve 2004 includes: a first portion 2004a corresponding to a first high-order gradient obtained for the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a in the first axial plane 92; and a second portion 2004b corresponding to a first high-order gradient obtained for the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91b in the first axial plane 92;

[0304] The first altitude quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 b is the second derivative of the net first altitude (defined above with respect to the micro-optical reference radial plane) of each point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 b in the first axial plane 92 as a function of the abscissa x3 of the considered point. It is understood that the ordinate along the axis x3 of a considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 94 a, 94 b is the distance from this point to the reference axis z3 (contained in the first axial plane 92 and parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm of the micro-optical element 91 a).

[0305] A first portion 2004a of the first slope derivative curve 2004 shows a first pair of maxima numbered 113 and 114, respectively. Each maximum 113, 114 of the first pair of maxima has a slope of 0.070 μm / mm 2 ~0.090μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 113 of the first maximum value pair is 0.082 μm / m 2 and the maximum value 114 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is 0.080 μm / mm 2 The absolute difference between the maximum value 113 and the maximum value 114 is 0.002 μm / mm 2 is.

[0306] In this example, the maximum value 113 of the first pair of maxima is spaced apart from the maximum value 114 of the first pair of maxima by at least 0.90 mm and / or by less than 3.0 mm from the maximum value 114 of the first pair of maxima. This means that the two maxima of the same pair of maxima are spaced apart by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (e.g., any value comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm, in particular any of the following values: 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00). Here, the space between the two maxima 113, 114 is 1.01 mm.

[0307] A second portion 2004b of the first slope derivative curve 2004 shows a second pair of maxima numbered 115 and 116, respectively. Each maximum 115, 116 of the second pair of maxima has a slope of 0.070 μm / mm 2 ~0.090μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 115 of the second maximum value pair is 0.074 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 116 of the second pair of maximum values ​​is 0.078 μm / mm 2 The absolute difference between the maximum value 115 and the maximum value 116 is 0.004 μm / mm 2 is.

[0308] In this example, the maximum value 115 of the second pair of maxima is spaced apart from the maximum value 116 of the second pair of maxima by at least 0.90 mm and / or by less than 3.0 mm from the maximum value 116 of the second pair of maxima. This means that two maxima of the same pair of maxima are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (for example including any value between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm, in particular including any of the following values: 0.90, 1.00, 1.10, 1.20, 1.30, 1.40, 1.50, 1.60, 1.70, 1.80, 1.90, 2.00, 2.10, 2.20, 2.30, 2.40, 2.50, 2.60, 2.70, 2.80, 2.90, 3.00). Here, the space between the two maxima 115, 116 is 1.03 mm.

[0309] 23 shows a graphical representation 2005 of the second highly quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of the spectacle lens including the micro-optical elements 91a, 91c in the second axial plane 93. The graphical representation is called the second gradient derivative curve 2005.

[0310] The second gradient derivative curve 2005 includes: a first portion 2005 corresponding to a second high-order gradient obtained for the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a in the second axial plane 93, and a second portion 2005b corresponding to a second high quadratic gradient obtained for the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91c in the second axial plane 93;

[0311] The second altitude quadratic gradient of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 c is the second derivative of the net second altitude (defined as defined above with respect to the micro-optical reference radial plane) of each point of the cross section of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 c in the second axial plane 93 as a function of the abscissa x4 of the considered point. It is understood that the ordinate along the axis x4 of a considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 94 a, 94 c is the distance from this point to the reference axis z4 (contained in the second axial plane 93 and parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm of the micro-optical element 91 a).

[0312] A first portion 2005a of the second slope derivative curve 2005 shows a first pair of maxima numbered 117 and 118, respectively. Each maximum 117, 118 of the first pair of maxima has a slope of 0.060 μm / mm 2 ~0.090μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 117 of the first maximum pair is 0.081 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 118 of the first pair of maximum values ​​is 0.066 μm / mm 2 The absolute difference between the maximum value 117 and the maximum value 118 is 0.015 μm / mm 2 is.

[0313] In this example, the maximum value 117 of the first pair of maxima is spaced apart by at least 0.90 mm from the maximum value 118 of the first pair of maxima and / or by less than 3.0 mm from the maximum value 118 of the first pair of maxima. This means that the two maxima of the same pair of maxima are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (including, for example, any value between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm). Here, the space between the two maxima 117, 117 is 1.03 mm.

[0314] A second portion 2005b of the second slope derivative curve 2005 shows a second pair of maxima numbered 119 and 120, respectively. Each maximum 119, 120 of the second pair of maxima has a slope of 0.060 μm / mm 2 ~0.090μm / mm 2 Specifically, the maximum value 119 of the second maximum value pair is 0.077 μm / mm 2 and the maximum value 120 of the second pair of maximum values ​​is 0.069 μm / mm 2 The absolute difference between the maximum value 119 and the maximum value 120 is 0.008 μm / mm 2 is.

[0315] In this example, the maximum value 119 of the second pair of maxima is spaced apart from the maximum value 120 of the second pair of maxima by at least 0.90 mm and / or by less than 3.0 mm from the maximum value 120 of the second pair of maxima. This means that the two maxima of the same pair of maxima are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm (including, for example, any value between 0.90 mm and 3.00 mm). Here, the spacing between the two maxima 117, 117 is 1.03 mm.

[0316] As a result, the spacing between the two maxima of the first maximum pair obtained in the first axial plane 23 is approximately the same as the spacing between the two maxima of the first maximum pair obtained in the second axial plane 24.

[0317] Therefore, the average dimensions of the micro-optical elements 91a provided along the first axial plane 92 and the average dimensions of the micro-optical elements 91a provided along the second axial plane 93 are approximately similar.

[0318] The primary dimension of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element without any coating on the micro-optical element In these examples, the measurement method used in this part is the same as that described above when the micro-optical element 91 is covered with a coating.

[0319] With reference to FIG. 24, a first highly linear gradient of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91a, 91b in the first axial plane 92 will first be disclosed.

[0320] 24 shows a graphical representation 2006 of the first high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of the spectacle lens including the micro-optical elements 91a, 91b in the first axial plane 92. The graphical representation 2006 has the value x3 on the abscissa and the value z on the ordinate, as explained above. n3 The first gradient curve 2006 has a gradient of '.

[0321] The first gradient curve 2006 includes: a first portion 2006a corresponding to a first linear gradient of height obtained for the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a in the first axial plane 92; and a second portion 2006b corresponding to a first high-order gradient obtained for the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91b in the first axial plane 92;

[0322] The first altitude linear gradient of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 c is the first derivative of the net first altitude (defined above with respect to the micro-optical reference radial plane) of each point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 b in the first axial plane 92 as a function of the abscissa x3 of the considered point of the cross section. It is understood that the ordinate along the axis x3 of the considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 94 a, 94 b is the distance from this point to the reference axis z3 (contained in the first axial plane 92 and parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm_a of the micro-optical element 91 a).

[0323] A first portion 2006a of the first gradient curve 2006 shows a maximum value 121 and a minimum value 122. The maximum value 121 is greater than 2.00 μm / mm, and the minimum value 122 is greater than 2.00 μm / mm or less than −2.00 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the maximum value 121 is 2.81 μm / mm, and the minimum value is 2.87 in absolute value.

[0324] The first portion 2006a of the first gradient curve 2006 includes a subportion 125 defined between a minimum point 126 of the first portion 2006a of the first gradient curve 2006 and a zero point 129 of the first portion 2006a of the first gradient curve 2006. In this example, the minimum value 126 defining the first subportion 125 is similar to the minimum value 122 of the first portion 2006a of the first gradient curve 2006 (i.e., corresponds to the minimum value of the height linear gradient of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a). The zero point 129 defining the subportion 125 corresponds to the zero value of the first portion 2006a of the first gradient curve 2006 (i.e., corresponds to the zero value of the height linear gradient of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a). In FIG. 24 , a segment 130 is defined between the minimum point 126 and the zero point 129 of the subportion 125. The subportion 125 of the first gradient curve 2006 is located above the segment 125 .

[0325] A second portion 2006b of the first gradient curve 2006 shows a maximum value 123 and a minimum value 124. The maximum value 124 is greater than 2.00 μm / mm, and the minimum value 124 is either greater than 2.00 μm / mm or less than −2.00 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the maximum value 123 is 2.89 μm / mm, and the minimum value 124 is 2.98 in absolute value.

[0326] Typically, in the first axial plane 23, the maximum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of a micro-optical element differs by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm) from the maximum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of an adjacent micro-optical element, typically for micro-optical elements spaced less than 0.5 mm from the adjacent micro-optical element, wherein the maximum value 121 of the first portion 2006 a of the first gradient curve 2006 differs in absolute value from the maximum value 123 of the second portion 2006 b of the first gradient curve 2006 by 0.08 μm / mm.

[0327] Typically, in the first axial plane 23, the minimum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of a micro-optical element differs in absolute value from the minimum value of the first height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of an adjacent micro-optical element by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm), where the minimum value 122 of the first portion 2006a of the first gradient curve 2006 differs in absolute value from the minimum value 124 of the second portion 2006b of the first gradient curve 2006 by 0.11 μm / mm (−0.06 μm / mm).

[0328] 25 shows a graphical representation 2007 of the second high-order gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of the spectacle lens including the micro-optical elements 91a, 91c in the second axial plane 93. The graphical representation 2007 has the value x4 on the abscissa and the value z on the ordinate, as explained above. n4 The second gradient curve 2007 has a slope of '.

[0329] The second gradient curve 2007 includes: a first portion corresponding to the change in the second linear gradient of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a calculated in the second axial plane 93; and the first corresponding to the change in the linear gradient of the second elevation of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91c calculated in the second axial plane 93;

[0330] The second altitude linear gradient of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 c is the first derivative of the net second altitude (defined as defined above with respect to the micro-optical reference radial plane) of each point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91 a, 91 c in the second axial plane 92 as a function of the abscissa x4 of the considered point. It is understood that the ordinate along the axis x4 of a considered point of the cross section of the micro-optical surfaces 94 a, 94 c is the distance from this point to the reference axis z4 (contained in the second axial plane 92 and parallel to the micro-optical axis Cm of the micro-optical element 91 a).

[0331] The first portion of the second gradient curve 2007 shows a maximum value 131 and a minimum value 132. The maximum value 131 is greater than 2.00 μm / mm, and the minimum value 132 is greater than 2.00 μm / mm or less than −2.00 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the maximum value 131 is 3.01 μm / mm, and the minimum value 132 is 2.79 in absolute value.

[0332] Table IV summarizes the differences between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the first portions 2006a and 2007a of the first and second gradient curves of the micro-optical element 91a, distinguishing between both the coated and uncoated cases.

[0333] [Table 4]

[0334] It has also been found that the coating shifts: - a maximum first order gradient of 0.62 μm / mm; - maximum second-order gradient of 0.74 μm / mm; - a minimum first order gradient of 0.69 μm / mm (absolute value), - A minimum second-order gradient of 0.52 μm / mm (absolute value).

[0335] A second portion 2007b of the second gradient curve 2007 exhibits a maximum value 133 and a minimum value 134. The maximum value 133 is greater than 2.00 μm / mm, and the minimum value 134 is either greater than 2.00 μm / mm or less than −2.00 μm / mm in absolute value. Specifically, the maximum value 133 is 3.05 μm / mm, and the minimum value 134 is 2.85 in absolute value.

[0336] Typically, in the second axial plane 24, the maximum value of the second high order gradient of the micro-optical feature of a micro-optical element differs by at least 0.01 μm / mm (and less than 0.40 μm / mm) from the maximum value of the second high order gradient of the micro-optical feature of an adjacent micro-optical element, typically a micro-optical element spaced less than 1.5 mm from another micro-optical element, wherein the maximum value 131 of the first portion 2007a of the second gradient curve 2007 differs in absolute value from the maximum value 133 of the second portion 2007b of the second gradient curve 2007 by 0.04 μm / mm.

[0337] Typically, in the second axial plane 24, the minimum value of the second height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of a micro-optical element differs in absolute value from the minimum value of the second height linear gradient of the micro-optical features of an adjacent micro-optical element by less than 0.20 μm / mm, wherein the minimum value 132 of the first portion 2007a of the second gradient curve 2007 differs in absolute value from the minimum value 134 of the second portion 2007b of the second gradient curve 2007 by 0.06 μm / mm.

[0338] In FIG. 25 , the first portion 2007a of the second gradient curve 2007 includes a subportion 135 defined between a minimum point 136 of the first portion 2007a of the second gradient curve 2007 and a zero point 137 of the first portion 2007a of the second gradient curve 2007. In this example, the minimum value 136 defining the first subportion 135 is similar to the minimum value 1132 of the first portion 2007a of the second gradient curve 2007 (i.e., corresponds to the minimum value of the high-order gradient of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a). The zero point 137 defining the subportion 135 corresponds to the zero value of the first portion 2007a of the second gradient curve 2007 (i.e., corresponds to the zero value of the second high-order gradient of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element 91a). In FIG. 25 , a segment 138 is defined between the minimum point 136 and the zero point 137 of the subportion 135. Subportion 135 of second gradient curve 2007 is located above segment 138 .

[0339] Referring to FIG. 26, the cross-sectional features of the micro-optical surfaces of the micro-optical elements 91a in the first axial plane 92 and the second axial plane 93 will be described.

[0340] 26 shows a graphical representation 2008 of the conventional norm of the linear gradient of the micro-optical surface of the micro-optical element in the first and second axial planes. The graphical representation 2008 is referred to as the curve 2008 of the conventional norm of the linear gradient of the micro-optical surface.

[0341] In FIG. 26, the curve 2008 of the norm of the high linear gradient calculated for the micro-optical element 91a has two maxima, referred to as the first maximum 139 and the second maximum 140, respectively. The first maximum 139 and the second maximum 140 of the curve 2008 are greater than 2.50 μm / mm in absolute value, here greater than 2.80 μm / mm. Specifically, the first maximum 139 is 2.89 μm / mm, and the second maximum 140 is 2.88 μm / mm. In this example, the first maximum 139 of the curve 2008 of the conventional norm of the high linear gradient differs from the second maximum 140 of the curve 2008 of the conventional norm of the high linear gradient by less than 10%. The first maximum 139 and the second maximum 140 are spaced apart by a distance comprised between 0.80 mm and 2.00 mm, here 0.93 mm.

[0342] Secondary dimensions of the micro-optical surface of a micro-optical element without any coating Figure 27 shows a graphical representation 2009 of the first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including micro-optical elements 91a, 91b in a first axial plane 23, and Figure 27 shows a graphical representation 2010 of the first high-degree quadratic gradient of a cross section of a portion of the front surface of an eyeglass lens including micro-optical elements 91a, 91c in a second axial plane 23 when the micro-optical elements do not include any coatings.

[0343] We can see that: - the graphical representation 2009 exhibits a change nearly identical to the change in the graphical representation 2004 obtained when the micro-optical element is covered with a coating; Graphical representation 2010 shows a transformation that is nearly identical to that of graphical representation 2005 obtained when the micro-optical element is covered with a coating. [Explanation of symbols]

[0344] 10 Eyeglass lenses 11 Front 12 Rear 13 Micro-Optical Elements 14 Central Zone 15 First Periphery Zone 16 Second Periphery Zone 17 Circular Contour 18 Circular Contour 19 Circular Contour 20 eyeglass frames

Claims

1. A spectacle lens (10, 90) comprising an arrangement of micro-optical elements, at least one of said micro-optical elements (13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 91a, 91b, 91c) having a micro-optical axis (Cm) and a micro-optical surface (22a, 22b, 22c, 22d), A first cross section (Sa 、２３ a maximum value of the first high order gradient associated with the first high order gradient is greater than 1.5 μm / mm and a minimum value of the first high order gradient is less than −1.5 μm / mm; The second cross section (Sa ，２４ a maximum second high linear gradient associated with the second high linear gradient is greater than 1.5 μm / mm, and a minimum value of the second high linear gradient is less than −1.5 μm / mm; The first cross section (Sa 、２３ ) is followed by a first axial plane (23) passing through the micro-optical axis (Cm), The second cross section (Sa ，２４ ) continues to a second axial plane (24) passing through said micro-optical axis (Cm), A spectacle lens, wherein the first axial plane (23) is perpendicular to the second axial plane (24).

2. The first altitude primary gradient is the first cross section (Sa ，２３ ) points (37) respectively associated with the first distance (z １ , z ３ ) is the gradient of The first distance (z １ , z ３ ) each of The first distance (z １ , z ３ From point (37) related to A micro-optical reference radial plane (21a) perpendicular to the micro-optical axis (Cm) 、２３ , 21b 、２３ ) and The first distance (z １ , z ３ ) are the second distances (x １ , x ３ ), and the second distance (x １ , x ３ ) each of The first distance (z １ , z ３ ) from said point (37) of said first cross section related to A reference axis (z) is parallel to the micro-optical axis (Cm) of the micro-optical element and is included in the first axial plane (23). ｎ１ ) and The second altitude primary gradient is the second cross section (Sa ，２４ ) points (9) respectively associated with the third distance (z ２ , z ４ ) is the gradient of The third distance (z ２ , z ４ ) each of The third distance (z ２ , z ４ ) from the point of the second cross section related to The micro-optical reference radial plane (21a 、２４ ) and The third distance (z ２ , z ４ ) are the fourth distances (x ２ , x ４ ), and the fourth distance (x ２ , x ４ ) are The third distance (z ２ , z ４ ) related points, 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) according to claim 1, to a reference axis that is parallel to the micro-optical axis of the micro-optical element and that is contained within the second axial plane (24).

3. 3. The spectacle lens (10, 90) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the maximum value (29, 31, 62, 64, 95, 97, 121, 123) of the first height linear gradient differs from the minimum value (30, 32, 63, 65, 96, 98, 122, 124) of the first height linear gradient by less than 35 percent in absolute value.

4. 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) of claim 1, wherein the maximum value (40, 42, 70, 76, 103, 105, 131, 133) of the second height linear gradient differs from the minimum value (41, 43, 71, 77, 104, 106, 132, 134) of the second height linear gradient by less than 50 percent in absolute value.

5. 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) according to claim 1, wherein the maximum values ​​of the first high order gradient (29, 31, 62, 64, 95, 97, 121, 123) and the maximum values ​​of the second high order gradient (40, 42, 70, 76, 103, 105, 131, 133) are comprised in absolute values ​​between 1.5 μm / mm and 10 μm / mm, for example comprised in absolute values ​​between 1.5 μm / mm and 4.5 μm / mm.

6. 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) according to claim 1, wherein the minimum values ​​(30, 32, 63, 65, 96, 98, 122, 124) of the first high order gradient and the minimum values ​​(41, 43, 71, 77, 104, 106, 132, 134) of the second high order gradient are comprised between 1.5 μm / mm and 10 μm / mm in absolute value, for example between 1.5 μm / mm and 5 μm / mm in absolute value.

7. 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) of claim 1, wherein the maximum value (29, 31, 62, 64, 95, 97, 121, 123) of the first high order gradient differs from the maximum value (40, 42, 70, 76, 103, 105, 131, 133) of the second high order gradient by 6 to 40 percent in absolute value.

8. 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) of claim 1, wherein the minimum value (30, 32, 63, 65, 96, 98, 122, 124) of the first height linear gradient differs from the minimum value (41, 43, 71, 77, 104, 106, 132, 134) of the second height linear gradient by 6 to 110 percent in absolute value.

9. 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) of claim 1, comprising a layer of a coating covering the arrangement of the micro-optical elements, the coating being configured to shift the first high order gradient by less than 1.5 μm / mm in absolute value and to shift the second high order gradient by less than 1.5 μm / mm in absolute value.

10. 2. The spectacle lens of claim 1, wherein the maximum values ​​of the first height primary gradients are equal between the micro-optical elements with a tolerance of 10 percent and / or the maximum values ​​of the second height primary gradients are equal between the micro-optical elements with a tolerance of 10 percent.

11. 2. The spectacle lens of claim 1, wherein the minimum values ​​(30, 32, 63, 65, 96, 98, 122, 124) of the first height linear gradient are equal among the micro-optical elements with a tolerance of 10 percent and / or the minimum values ​​(41, 43, 71, 77, 104, 106, 132, 134) of the second height linear gradient are equal among the micro-optical elements with a tolerance of 10 percent.

12. 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) according to claim 1, wherein said at least one of said micro-optical elements has a mean refractive power of 1 to 10 diopters, for example 1 to 6 diopters.

13. the spectacle lens includes a central zone, the central zone having a circular or hexagonal configuration; 2. The spectacle lens (10, 90) according to claim 1, wherein the micro-optical elements are arranged according to concentric rings of micro-optical elements centered on a point located in the central zone.

14. 14. The spectacle lens (10, 90) according to claim 13, wherein the micro-optical elements are spaced apart from one another by at least 0.1 mm.

15. The spectacle lens (10, 90) of claim 1 , wherein the at least one of the micro-optical elements provides a refractive, diffractive, or diffusive micro-optical function.

16. The first cross section (Sa 、２３ The first pair of maximum values ​​of the first high-order gradients associated with ２ Greater than and / or 0.200 μm / mm ２ Smaller, The second cross section (Sa ，２４ The first pair of maximum values ​​of the second high-order gradient associated with ２ Greater than and / or 0.200 μm / mm ２ The spectacle lens of claim 1 .

17. 17. The spectacle lens of claim 16, wherein one maximum of the first pair of maxima of the first elevated secondary gradient is spaced at least 0.90 mm and / or less than 3.00 mm from the other maximum of the first pair of maxima of the first elevated secondary gradient.

18. 17. The spectacle lens of claim 16, wherein one maximum of the first pair of maxima of the second highly elevated secondary gradient is spaced at least 0.90 mm and / or less than 3.00 mm from the other maximum of the first pair of maxima of the second highly elevated secondary gradient.

19. 17. The spectacle lens of claim 16, wherein when the micro-optical elements are continuous in the first axial plane, the first highly quadratic gradient comprises a second pair of maxima and a third pair of maxima, the maxima of the second pair of maxima being spaced apart from one another by at least 0.001 mm and / or less than 0.20 mm, and the maxima of the third pair of maxima being spaced apart from one another in the first axial plane by at least 0.001 mm and / or less than 0.20 mm.

20. 17. The spectacle lens of claim 16, wherein when the micro-optical elements are continuous in the second axial plane, the second highly quadratic gradient comprises a second pair of maxima and a third pair of maxima, the maxima of the second pair of maxima being spaced apart from one another by at least 0.001 mm and / or less than 0.20 mm, and the maxima of the third pair of maxima being spaced apart from one another by at least 0.001 mm and / or less than 0.20 mm.

21. The norm of the high order gradient corresponds to the average gradient of the micro-optical surface defined by the first axial plane and the second axial plane, and the norm is given by the following formula: [Equation 1] 17. The spectacle lens according to claim 16, wherein Z1′ corresponds to a first high order gradient and Z2′ corresponds to the second high order gradient, the norm of which has at least two maxima higher than 2.00 μm / mm and / or lower than 5 μm / mm.

22. 22. The spectacle lens according to claim 21, wherein the two maxima of the norm of the high linear gradient are spaced apart from each other by a distance comprised between 0.80 mm and 2 mm.

23. 22. The spectacle lens of claim 21, wherein the maximum values ​​of the norms of the high linear gradients differ from one another by 0.1% to 10%.

Images