Ground-applied insect repellent, ground-applied insect repellent spray, and insect repellent method

Abstract

The present invention provides a ground-applied insect repellent and repellent method that makes it difficult for horseflies, gnats, midges, drain flies, and midges to approach a designated area. [Solution] The insect repellent for ground application contains metofluthrin as an active ingredient, and the insects are horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and / or midges.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a ground-applied insect repellent for horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and / or midges. [Background technology]

[0002] It is known that insects that cause discomfort to humans through blood-sucking or stinging can be controlled with various insecticides (Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc.).

[0003] In particular, insecticides containing pyrethroid compounds as active ingredients are known to act on the nerve cells of insects, becoming neurotoxins, while having low toxicity to mammals. Furthermore, pyrethroid compounds are classified into natural pyrethroids and synthetic pyrethroids, and many compounds have been discovered or synthesized.

[0004] Furthermore, horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and midges are known examples of insects that cause nuisance to humans. In addition to the fact that these insects can be exterminated with various insecticides when they appear near areas of human activity, there is also a growing demand for them to be avoided from designated areas such as areas of human activity so that extermination is not necessary. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 07-187924 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2006-028173 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0006] As mentioned above, pyrethroid compounds act on the nerve cells of insects to become neurotoxins, but have low toxicity to mammals, making them relatively "gentle" compounds for humans and pets such as dogs and cats. However, there was also a need to repel horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and midges from human activity areas rather than eradicating them when they appear near human activity areas. In other words, the present invention aims to provide a repellent and a repellent method that makes it difficult for horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and midges to approach predetermined areas of human activity, particularly areas of outdoor activity such as camping.

[0007] In view of the above circumstances, the present inventors conducted diligent studies and have found a repellent and a repellent method that can repel horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and midges from areas where humans are active, particularly areas where outdoor activities are taking place.

[0008] In other words, the present invention is a ground-spray insect repellent comprising metofluthrin as an active ingredient, characterized in that the insects are horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and / or midges.

[0009] The solvent may further contain water, and the amount of water may be 90% by mass or more relative to the ground-spray insect repellent.

[0010] The present invention provides a ground-spray insect repellent spray, characterized in that the ground-spray insect repellent is sealed in a spray container, and the spray container does not contain a propellant.

[0011] The present invention provides a method for repelling insects using a ground-spray insect repellent, comprising the step of spraying the ground-spray insect repellent on the ground, wherein the ground-spray insect repellent contains metofluthrin as an active ingredient, and the insects are horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and / or midges.

[0012] In the step of applying the aforementioned ground-spread insect repellent to the ground, the ground-spread insect repellent is applied to the ground up to 1 meter deep. 2 It is desirable to spray 1 ml to 25 ml per area. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a repellent and a repellent method that makes it difficult for horseflies, gnats, midges, drain flies, and midges to approach a predetermined area. That is, by scattering the repellent on the ground, horseflies, gnats, midges, drain flies, and midges can be repelled from that area and its vicinity. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0014] (Insect repellent for ground application) The present invention provides a ground-applied insect repellent containing metofluthrin as an active ingredient, and is intended for ground application, repelling insects such as horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and / or midges.

[0015] Metofluthrin, contained in ground-spray insect repellents, is a synthetic pyrethroid compound with the structure 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(methoxymethyl)benzyl=2,2-dimethyl-3-(propa-1-en-1-yl)cyclopropanecarboxylate.

[0016] The concentration of metofluthrin in ground-spray insect repellents is not particularly limited as long as it is within a concentration range that can repel pests in ground-spray applications, but it is preferably 0.004% by mass or higher, more preferably 0.01% by mass or higher, and more preferably 0.02% by mass or higher. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of pest repellency, a higher concentration is acceptable, but it is preferably 0.4% by mass or lower, more preferably 0.2% by mass or lower, and more preferably 0.1% by mass or lower, as this level of concentration minimizes safety effects on humans, pets, plants, etc.

[0017] As an active ingredient of the pest repellent for ground spraying, it may contain a compound other than metofluthrin, or it may contain only metofluthrin. In the active ingredient of the pest repellent for ground spraying, as a compound used in combination with metofluthrin, a compound having a function similar to that of metofluthrin is preferred. That is, a compound that acts on the nerve cells of insects to become a nerve poison while having relatively low toxicity to mammals is preferred, and pyrethrin (including pyrethrin I and pyrethrin II) is exemplified.

[0018] As a solvent of the pest repellent for ground spraying, preferably water is used so that it is easy to spray. The water contained in the pest repellent for ground spraying is preferably 90% by mass or more and 99.996% by mass or less, more preferably 95% by mass or more and 99.996% by mass or less, 96% by mass or more and 99.996% by mass or less, 97% by mass or more and 99.996% by mass or less, 98% by mass or more and 99.996% by mass or less, 99% by mass or more and 99.996% by mass or less, 99.6% by mass or more and 99.996% by mass or less. As a solvent, propylene glycol may be further contained in the range of about 0.1% by mass to 5% by mass with respect to the pest repellent for ground spraying.

[0019] As other components of the pest repellent for ground spraying, a surfactant, a preservative, a fragrance, etc. may be contained.

[0020] The surfactant is appropriately selected from nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and cationic surfactants, and it is particularly desirable to be selected from alcohol-based surfactants and nonionic surfactants.

[0021] Examples of nonionic surfactants include alkyl ether type nonionic surfactants, alkyl amino ether type nonionic surfactants, aryl phenyl ether type nonionic surfactants, fatty acid ether ester type nonionic surfactants, vegetable oil ether ester type nonionic surfactants, sorbitan fatty acid ester type nonionic surfactants, sorbitan ether ester type nonionic surfactants, alkanolamide type nonionic surfactants, alkyl glucoside type nonionic surfactants, and higher alcohol type nonionic surfactants. Specifically, examples include polyoxyethylene (POE) hydrogenated castor oil ether, sorbitan oleate ester, sorbitan laurate ester, polyglyceryl laurate, polyoxyalkylene allylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene allylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styrylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether formaldehyde condensate, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene castor oil ether, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitol tetraoleate, polyether-modified silicone, lauric acid diethanolamide, oleic acid diethanolamide, stearate diethanolamide, octyl glucoside, decyl glucoside, lauryl glucoside, cetanol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and the like.

[0022] Examples of anionic surfactants include sodium, calcium or ammonium salts of alkyl sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfates, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl ether sulfates or polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer sulfates; sodium, calcium, ammonium or alkanolamine salts of alkyl sulfonates, dialkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl benzene sulfonates (e.g., calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, etc.), alkenyl benzene sulfonates, mono- or di-alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acids, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensates, lignin sulfonates, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfonates or polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfosuccinates; salts such as sodium or calcium salts of polyoxyethylene alkyl ether phosphates, polyoxyethylene mono- or di-alkyl phenyl ether phosphates, polyoxyethylene benzyl (or styryl) phenyl ether phosphates or polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer phosphates, etc.

[0023] Examples of cationic surfactants include, for example, alkyl trimethyl ammonium salts, dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts, polyoxyethylene alkyl amine salts, polyoxypropylene alkyl amine salts, dialkyl amine salt derivatives, alkyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium salts, dialkyl monomethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium propionate, etc.

[0024] The above surfactants may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. The concentration of the total surfactants relative to the total amount of the pest repellent for ground spraying is preferably in the range of 0.1% by mass to 11% by mass, more preferably about 0.1% by mass to 6% by mass.

[0025] Examples of preservatives include isothiazolin compounds such as benzyl alcohol mono(poly)hemiformal, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, as well as 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, sodium benzoate, parahydroxybenzoate ester, potassium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate, parachlorometaxylenol, and 2,6-dimethylphenol.

[0026] The above preservatives may be used individually or in combination of two or more. The total concentration of preservatives relative to the total amount of insect repellent for ground application is typically in the range of 0.1% to 5.0% by mass.

[0027] The insect repellent for ground application of the present invention is used for application to the ground. Specifically, by spraying the insect repellent for ground application on the ground in an area where you want to repel horseflies, gnats, midges, drain flies, and / or midges, it is possible to make it difficult for these pests to approach the sprayed area and its vicinity for a certain period of time. The insect repellent for ground application is not sprayed on human skin or clothing, nor is it used on clothing or materials that contain the agent that people wear or put on their body, so it is safer and has the advantage of not requiring any materials other than a regular spray container for application.

[0028] The target insects of the ground-spray insect repellent of the present invention are horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and midges.

[0029] Horseflies belong to the order Diptera, suborder Myomorpha, and are known as blood-sucking and biting pests. Black flies (also known as black flies or black flies) belong to the order Diptera, suborder Nematomorpha, and family Nematoridae, and are known as pests that bite and suck blood. Midges belong to the order Diptera, suborder Nematocera, and family Chironomidae. They are known to gather in large numbers after emerging from their pupae, forming columnar structures (so-called mosquito columns) near water. Drain flies belong to the order Diptera, suborder Myliobatidae, and family Myliobatidae. Some are known to inhabit unsanitary areas such as sewage pipes and bathrooms in human homes. Midges belong to the order Diptera, suborder Myrmecophaga, and family Myrmecophagidae. They inhabit waterside areas, rocky shores, and campgrounds during the summer, and are known to enter homes by passing through screens and other openings, and to crawl into clothing.

[0030] Ground-applied insect repellents may repel individual target pests, or they may repel two or more types of pests together.

[0031] (Insect repellent spray for ground application) The insect repellent spray for ground application of the present invention is a spray container in which the above-mentioned insect repellent for ground application is sealed. Furthermore, the spray container does not contain any propellant (such as LPG, dimethyl ether, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, etc., which are gases at room temperature, or compressed gases thereof). The main components of a spray container include, for example, a reservoir for storing liquid, a staging area for temporarily holding the liquid to be sprayed, a trigger for sending liquid to the staging area, and a nozzle for spraying the liquid. However, the container is not limited to these components as long as it has a spray function. The material of the spray container is not particularly limited as long as it does not deteriorate when filled with insect repellent for ground application, but polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is an example. Also, since the inside of the spray container is not pressurized by the propellant, it has a simpler structure compared to pressurized spray containers and does not require the combination of other materials. Furthermore, examples of trigger structures include not only conventional trigger structures where liquid is ejected while the trigger is being operated, but also jet trigger structures that can eject liquid for a certain period of time (1 to several seconds) after the trigger is operated, and which can continuously eject liquid if the trigger is operated again within that period. Aerosol-type sprays containing propellants can evenly spray the active ingredient into the air with a fine mist created by the propellant. However, aerosol-type sprays have high dispersion, meaning that not all of the sprayed amount adheres to the ground, resulting in a lot of waste. Furthermore, they are used up quickly due to the large amount sprayed, and they contain components such as propellants and solvents that can be harmful to plants and the environment. Depending on the type of propellant, they may also be unsuitable for use near open flames. In contrast, the insect repellent spray for ground application of the present invention reaches the ground in almost its entirety, allows for spraying for a relatively long time (in one example, 5 to 9 times longer than aerosol-type sprays), and, being water-based, places less burden on plants and the environment.

[0032] (Other spraying methods) Methods for applying the insect repellent for ground application of the present invention include, in addition to application using the insect repellent spray described above, application using a sprayer, application as a shower agent (direct application from the bottle), and so on.

[0033] (Pest repellent methods) The present invention provides a method for repelling insects using the above-mentioned insect repellent for ground application, and includes the step of applying the insect repellent to the ground.

[0034] In the step of applying the ground insect repellent to the ground, apply the ground insect repellent to the ground in a designated area where you want to repel horseflies, gnats, midges, drain flies, and / or midges, up to 1 meter from the ground. 2 It is preferable to spray 1 ml to 25 ml per area, and more preferably 2 ml to 15 ml. [Examples]

[0035] Examples of the present invention and various evaluation test examples will be described below in detail, but the present invention is not limited in any way to these examples.

[0036] (Evaluation Test 1) The following evaluation tests were conducted using horseflies as the target pest.

[0037] As a ground-spray insect repellent, Sample A was used, which consisted of water as a solvent, 0.04% by mass of the active ingredient metofluthrin, propylene glycol, a nonionic surfactant (including an alcohol-based surfactant), a preservative, and a fragrance. 8m 2 Without scattering sample A onto the ground area, an attractant source was placed in the same area, and the number of horseflies landing and flying in was measured. Next, the attractant source was removed, sample A was scattered onto the same ground area, and the attractant source was returned to its original position. The number of horseflies landing and flying in was measured immediately after scattering, 2 hours after scattering, and 4 hours after scattering. The scattering rate was 5 ml / m². 2 The results were as follows: Here, the number of landings refers to the number of horseflies that remained stationary at the attractant source for 5 seconds or more at a height of 1 meter or less from the ground during the 10-minute measurement period. The number of flying horseflies refers to the number of horseflies that flew to the vicinity of the attractant source and circled around it during the 10-minute measurement period. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

[0038] [Table 1]

[0039] Table 1 shows that the number of landings decreased significantly immediately after spraying (from 24 to 3), and this decrease remained even 4 hours after spraying. A similar trend was observed in the number of flying insects. The results of Evaluation Test 1 showed that a sufficient repellent effect could be obtained even in locations where attractants were installed.

[0040] (Evaluation Test 2) The following evaluation tests were conducted using black flies as the target pest.

[0041] As a ground-spray insect repellent, Sample A was used, which consisted of water as a solvent, 0.04% by mass of the active ingredient metofluthrin, propylene glycol, a nonionic surfactant (including an alcohol-based surfactant), a preservative, and a fragrance. 7m 2The number of black flies captured by sweeping was investigated before and after the application of sample A to the ground. The application rate in the treated area was 5 ml / m². 2 In the untreated area, the number of black flies captured was investigated using the sweeping method without scattering sample A. The sweeping method is a method of investigating the presence of insects by swinging an insect net. In evaluation test 2, the insect net was swung 30 times in 4 sets, and the number of black flies captured was totaled. The survey results are shown in Table 2.

[0042] [Table 2]

[0043] Table 2 shows that in the treated areas, no black flies were captured two hours after spraying, and even five hours after spraying, the number of captured black flies was significantly lower compared to untreated areas 1 and 2. Black flies are known to be most prevalent from early morning until the temperature rises, and again from the time the temperature drops in the evening until sunset. This explains why, in this evaluation test 2, the repellent effect was found to be sufficiently sustained even in the evening, five hours after application.

[0044] (Evaluation Test 3) The following evaluation tests were conducted using midges as the target pest.

[0045] As a ground-spray insect repellent, Sample A was used, which consisted of water as a solvent, 0.04% by mass of the active ingredient metofluthrin, propylene glycol, a nonionic surfactant (including an alcohol-based surfactant), a preservative, and a fragrance. A 185mm diameter qualitative filter paper (ADVANTEC No.2) was sprayed with approximately 1ml of the sample once on each side, then placed on accordion-folded aluminum foil and air-dried in a fume hood for 3.5 hours. After air-drying, one filter paper was suspended in the center of a nylon go-cage (20cm x 20cm x 30cm), and 50 adult gray midges were released to start the test. Untreated filter paper was used as a blank and evaluated in the same manner. The number of insects settled on the filter paper was counted every 5 minutes from immediately after the start of the test (0 minutes) until 30 minutes had passed. The test was conducted with n=2. The results for the number of established insects are shown in Table 3.

[0046] [Table 3]

[0047] In Table 3, the average number of settled insects represents the average number of settled insects at the time of measurement. That is, since measurements were taken 7 times each and 2 times in a row, it is the total number of settled insects divided by 14. The repellency rate (%) is calculated by subtracting the number of settled insects after spraying from the number of settled insects in the blank period, dividing the result by the number of settled insects in the blank period, and multiplying by 100. Table 3 shows that a superior repellent effect against midges was confirmed even 3.5 hours after spraying the ground-applied insect repellent.

[0048] (Evaluation Test 4) The following evaluation tests were conducted using drain flies as the target pest.

[0049] As a ground-spray insect repellent, Sample A was used, which consisted of water as a solvent, 0.04% by mass of the active ingredient metofluthrin, propylene glycol, a nonionic surfactant (including an alcohol-based surfactant), a preservative, and a fragrance. A 185mm diameter qualitative filter paper (ADVANTEC No.2) was sprayed with approximately 1ml of the sample once on each side, then placed on accordion-folded aluminum foil and air-dried in a fume hood for 3.5 hours and 7.5 hours. After air-drying, one filter paper was suspended in the center of a nylon go-cage (20cm x 20cm x 30cm), and 50 adult moth flies were released to start the test. Untreated filter paper was used as a blank and evaluated in the same manner. The number of insects that settled on the filter paper was counted every 5 minutes from immediately after the start of the test (0 minutes) until 30 minutes. The test was performed with n=2. The results for the number of settled insects are shown in Table 4.

[0050] [Table 4]

[0051] In Table 4, the average number of settled insects represents the average number of settled insects at the time of measurement. That is, since measurements were taken 7 times each and 2 times in a row, it is the total number of settled insects divided by 14. The repellency rate (%) is calculated by subtracting the number of settled insects after spraying from the number of settled insects in the blank period, dividing the result by the number of settled insects in the blank period, and multiplying by 100. Table 4 shows that even 7.5 hours after spraying the ground-applied insect repellent of sample A, a superior repellent effect against drain flies was confirmed.

[0052] From the evaluation tests 1-4 described above, the ground-applied insect repellent of the present invention was found to have a repellent effect against horseflies, gnats, midges, and drain flies for at least about 4 hours after application. In particular, a repellent effect against drain flies was confirmed for about 8 hours.

[0053] (Evaluation Test 5) The following evaluation tests were conducted using the midge as the target pest.

[0054] As a ground-spray insect repellent, Sample A was used, which consisted of water as a solvent, 0.04% by mass of the active ingredient metofluthrin, propylene glycol, a nonionic surfactant (including an alcohol-based surfactant), a preservative, and a fragrance. 5m 2 The number of biting midges captured by sweeping was investigated before and after the application of sample A to the ground. The application rate in the treated area was 5 ml / m². 2 The results were as follows: In the untreated group, the number of biting midges captured was investigated using the sweeping method without scattering sample A. In evaluation test 5, the insect net was swung 30 times in 4 sets, and the number of biting midges captured was totaled. The above evaluation was performed with n=2. The survey results are shown in Table 5.

[0055] [Table 5]

[0056] Table 5 shows that in treated areas 1 and 2, the number of midges captured was significantly lower than in untreated areas 1 and 2, even 4 hours after spraying. On the other hand, in untreated areas 1 and 2, a certain number of midges were captured even 4 hours after spraying. In this evaluation test 5, it was found that the repellent effect persisted sufficiently even 4 hours after application.

[0057] The present invention may have the following configurations: [Section 1] A ground-applied insect repellent containing metofluthrin as the active ingredient, The aforementioned pests are horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and / or midges, and the insect repellent for ground application. [Section 2] The insect repellent for ground application according to item 1, further comprising water as a solvent, wherein the amount of water is 90% by mass or more relative to the insect repellent for ground application. [Section 3] A ground-spray insect repellent spray comprising a ground-spray insect repellent described in item 1 or 2 above, sealed in a spray container, wherein the spray container does not contain a propellant. [Section 4] A method of pest repellent using a ground-applied insect repellent, wherein the pest repellent method is The step includes spraying the aforementioned ground-spray insect repellent onto the ground, The pest repellent for ground spraying contains metofluthrin as an active ingredient, and the pests are horseflies, mosquitoes, midges, flies, and / or fleas. A pest repellent method. [Item 5] In the step of spraying the pest repellent for ground spraying on the ground, the pest repellent for ground spraying is sprayed at 1 ml to 25 ml per 1 m 2 of the ground. The pest repellent method according to Item 4 above.

Claims

1. A ground-applied insect repellent containing metofluthrin as the active ingredient, The aforementioned pests are horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and / or midges, and the insect repellent for ground application.

2. The insect repellent for ground application according to claim 1, further comprising water as a solvent, wherein the amount of water is 90% by mass or more relative to the insect repellent for ground application.

3. A ground-spray insect repellent spray comprising a ground-spray insect repellent according to claim 1 or 2 sealed in a spray container, wherein the spray container does not contain a propellant.

4. A method of pest repellent using a ground-applied insect repellent, wherein the pest repellent method is The step includes spraying the aforementioned ground-spray insect repellent onto the ground, The aforementioned insect repellent for ground application contains metofluthrin as an active ingredient. The aforementioned pests are horseflies, black flies, midges, drain flies, and / or midges. Methods for repelling pests.

5. In the step of applying the aforementioned ground-spread insect repellent to the ground, the ground-spread insect repellent is applied to the ground up to 1 meter deep. 2 The insect repellent method according to claim 4, wherein 1 ml to 25 ml is sprayed per area.

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